AN/SO/PO 350 ORGANIZED IN : , AND BUSINESS IES Abroad Virtual World DiscoverIES Program

DESCRIPTION: This course analyzes the role of organized through historical, structural, and cultural perspectives. After an overview of the various criminal organizations that are active both in Italy and abroad, the course will focus mainly on the Sicilian , Cosa Nostra. Discussion topics will include both mafia wars, the importance of the investigators Falcone and Borsellino, the , and the anti- organizations, from their origins to their role today in the struggle against . The course will highlight the creation of the International Department against Mafia and the legislation developed specifically to aid in the fight against criminal organizations. It will examine the ties between Cosa Nostra and Italian politics, the period of terrorist attacks, and response of the Italian government. Finally, the course will look at the other two most powerful criminal organizations in Italy: the , especially through the writings of Roberto , and the Ndrangheta, today’s richest and most powerful criminal organization, which has expanded throughout Europe and particularly in , as evidenced by the terrorist attack in Duisburg.

CREDITS: 3 credits

CONTACT HOURS: Students are expected to commit 20 hours per week in order complete the course

LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION: English

INSTRUCTOR: Arije Antinori, PhD

VIRTUAL OFFICE HOURS: TBD

PREREQUISITES: None

METHOD OF PRESENTATION: Lectures, seminar discussions, use of multimedia resources, Moodle.

REQUIRED WORK AND FORM OF ASSESSMENT: • Assignments - 10% • Presentation - 15% • Midterm Exam - 30% • Final Exam - 45%

LEARNING OUTCOMES: By the end of the course, students will be able to: • Examine the complexity of social structures related to Organized Crime; • Analyze the cultural and social background of the different criminal organizations; • Describe the relation between criminal organizations, cultural values and the Italian political system; • Define how the phenomena conditioned the development of democracy in Italy; • Identify how the reality of criminal organizations differs from common stereotypes on Italian Mafia; • Approach the study of Italian society in a scholarly manner through careful research, analysis and written work; and • Reconstruct the cultural and social context of southern and .

CONTENT:

Week Content Assignments

Week 1 • Anita Lavorgna, Anna Sergi, Types of • Introduction to the course: the four major organized crime in Italy. The multifaceted Criminal Organizations in Italy: Cosa Nostra, spectrum of Italian criminal associations and ‘Ndrangheta, Camorra and Sacra Corona their different attitudes in the financial crisis Unita and in the use of Internet technology, in • The role of criminal organizations in International Journal of Law, Crime and : Cosa Nostra in : Justice, N° XX (2013) pp. 16-32. Etymology, meanings, and structure. The • John Dickie, Cosa Nostra: A History of the biography of Peppino Impastato , (: Hodder & Stoughton, • Cosa Nostra: the “First” Mafia war and its 2004). pp. 21-84. consequences (1962-1969). • Tom Behan, “: his actions, his , the investigation and the cover up,” Centro Siciliano di Documentazione "Giuseppe Impastato". Link to article: https://www.centroimpastato.com/giuseppe- impastato-his-actions-his-murder-the- investigation-and-the-cover-up/ • John Dickie, Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2004), pp. 85- 159. • John Dickie, Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2004). pp. 235-310.

Week 2 • John Dickie, Cosa Nostra: A History of the • The Second Mafia War (1978-1983): The Sicilian Mafia, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, Maxi-trial and the role of the Repentant.; 2004), pp. 316-368. From the “Mattanza” to the . • Letizia Paoli, Mafia Brotherhoods. Organized • Judges Falcone and Borsellino - heroes and Crime, Italian Style, (Oxford: Oxford martyrs of anti-mafia: Cosa Nostra declares University Press, 2003). pp.148-203 war to the Italian State; Anti-mafia and civil • Letizia Paoli, “Mafia and organised crime in society. Italy: The unacknowledged successes of law • Italian Law Enforcement Agencies against enforcement” in West European Politics Vol. mafias: DNA, DIA, ROS, SCO, SCICO, GOMP 30, No. 4, (2007,) pp.822 – 880 • Paul Ginsborg, “Corruption and the Mafia” in Italy and its discontents (London: Penguin, 2001) pp. 149-212.

Week 3 • Francesco Calderoni, “Where is the mafia in • REVIEW SESSION and Case-study and guest Italy? Measuring the presence of the mafia (TBC) involved in fighting mafia across Italian provinces” in Global Crime, Vol. • MIDTERM EXAM 12, No. 1, (2011). pp. 41–50. • Organized crime in the area - The • , (: Camorra: Camorra in : Etymology, Mondadori, 2006). pp 1-56. meanings and structure

Week Content Assignments

Week 4 • Francesco Calderoni, “Where is the mafia in • Camorra and the internal war: The rise of Italy? Measuring the presence of the mafia NCO. The Scissionisti across Italian provinces” in Global Crime, Vol. • Camorra: the drug business: From drug 12, No. 1, (2011). pp. 51–69. trafficking to drug market. O’ Sistema. • Roberto Saviano, Gomorrah (Milan: and Mondadori, 2006). pp. 57-112. • Ndrangheta in - origin and sub- culture: ‘Ndrangheta in Calabria: Etymology, meanings and structure

Week 5 • Letizia Paoli, “Italian Organised Crime: Mafia • ‘Ndrangheta: the most powerful Italian Associations and Criminal Enterprises” in Mafia in the world: “Colonization” strategy Global Crime, Vol. 6, No. 1 (2004) pp. 19–31. • from the region: • Federico Varese, “Mafia movements: a Sacra Corona Unita in Apulia: Etymology, framework for understanding the mobility of meanings and structure mafia groups” in Global Crime, Vol. 12, No. 3 • International police cooperation against (2011). pp. 208–251. mafias: , , FBI, UNODC • Arije Antinori, “The Italian Mafias and and other entities Migrant ” in “Global Environment of Policing” (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012). pp.221-233 • Arije Antinori, “Organized Crime, the Mafia, White Collar Crime and Corruption” in “Financial : A threat to Global Security” (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012). pp.147-162 • Arije Antinori, “Organized Crime and the Mafia between Violence and Informal Economy” in “Corruption, Fraud, Organized Crime, and the Shadow Economy” (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2016). pp.37-51

Week 6 • REVIEW SESSION and Case-study and guest (TBC) involved in fighting mafia • Mafia threat in the post-COVID19 scenario: Global crisis, increasing inequalities and Organized Crime. • FINAL EXAM

REQUIRED READINGS: • Anita Lavorgna and Anna Sergi, “Types of organized crime in Italy. The multifaceted spectrum of Italian criminal associations and their different attitudes in the financial crisis and in the use of Internet technology”, in International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, N° XX (2013) pp. 1-17. • John Dickie, Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2004). 21-159, 235-310, 316-368 • Tom Behan, “Giuseppe Impastato: his actions, his murder, the investigation and the cover up,” Centro Siciliano di Documentazione "Giuseppe Impastato". Link to article: http://www.centroimpastato.it/otherlang/peppino.php3 • Letizia Paoli, Mafia Brotherhoods. Organized Crime, Italian Style, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003). 148-203.

• Letizia Paoli, “Mafia and organised crime in Italy: The unacknowledged successes of law enforcement” in West European Politics Vol. 30, No. 4, (2007,) pp.822 – 880 • Paul Ginsborg, “Corruption and the Mafia” in Italy and its discontents (London: Penguin, 2001). 149-212. • Francesco Calderoni, “Where is the mafia in Italy? Measuring the presence of the mafia across Italian provinces” in Global Crime, Vol. 12, No. 1, (2011). pp. 41–69. • Roberto Saviano, Gomorrah, (Milan: Mondadori, 2006). 1-112. • Letizia Paoli, “Italian Organised Crime: Mafia Associations and Criminal Enterprises” in Global Crime, Vol. 6, No. 1 (2004) pp. 19–31. • Federico Varese, “Mafia movements: a framework for understanding the mobility of mafia groups” in Global Crime, Vol. 12, No. 3 (2011). pp. 208–251. • Arije Antinori, “The Italian Mafias and Migrant Smuggling” in “Global Environment of Policing” (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012). pp.221-233 • Arije Antinori, “Organized Crime, the Mafia, White Collar Crime and Corruption” in “Financial Crimes: A threat to Global Security” (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012). pp.147-162 • Arije Antinori, “Organized Crime and the Mafia between Violence and Informal Economy” in “Corruption, Fraud, Organized Crime, and the Shadow Economy” (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2016). pp.37-51 • Articles will be provided by the instructor are available on the course Moodle page

RECOMMENDED READINGS: • Excellent Cadavers, director Ricky Tognazzi • The 100 Steps, director Marco Tullio Giordana • Mafia kills just in Summer, director Pif • Gomorrah, director • The Godfather, director Francis Ford Coppola • The Traitor, director Marco Bellocchio

INSTRUCTOR BIOGRAPHY: Arije Antinori is Professor of Criminology and Sociology of Deviance at “Sapienza” University of Rome, EU Senior Expert on and Organized Crime (EENeT, ECTC-AN, CEPOL, CKC-CT, EUROMED), LE trainer, Geopolitics and OSINT Analyst, Social Media and Stratcom Expert. He holds a PhD in “Criminology applied to Investigations and Security”, a Ph.D in “Communication and Media Studies” and 2nd Level Italian Master’s degree in “Crime Investigations: Theories & Methods”. He takes part as expert in several PVE/CVE/CT/C-OC and security research projects/actions/training programs at EU, Interpol, NATO and UN. He participated as expert panelist at the last special meeting of the UN Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee on “Preventing the exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICT) for terrorist purposes, while respecting human rights and fundamental freedoms”.