Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer type and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related death around the world, disproportionately impacting Asia. What is Esophageal Cancer? Cancer Types & Incidence

The two most common types of esophageal cancer are squamous Esophageal cancer occurs when tumors form cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC). in the tissues of the esophagus, which is a muscular tube that moves food and liquids ESCC tumors generally form in the ﬂat from the throat to the stomach for digestion. squamous cells lining the upper and middle parts of the esophagus.

EAC begins in the cells of the mucus-secreting Men are more than twice as Median Age glands in the esophagus, typically near the stomach. likely as women to be diagnosed with esophageal cancer. 68 69 Approximately Approximately

At Diagnosis At Death of esophageal of esophageal cancer patients Source: GLOBOCAN 2020 Source: SEER 2014-2018 % cancer patients % 90 have ESCC. 10 have EAC. Common Risk Factors Risk factors for esophageal cancer may be behavioral, related to Global Incidence pre-existing or genetic conditions. Common risk factors include: Asia accounts for about 80% of all esophageal cancer patients, with China accounting for over 50% of the global patient population.

North America Europe Asia Obesity Alcohol Tobacco Use 20,800 53,000 481,600 Central America Africa & the Caribbean 27,500 3,500 South America Oceania Diet Barrett's Gastroesophageal Genetics Esophagus Reﬂux Disease 15,500 2,200 Source: GLOBOCAN 2020 Signs & Symptoms

Many esophageal cancers may not cause symptoms until they have reached an advanced stage. Symptoms may also be mistaken for Unintended Weakness due Chest pain in Diculty Heartburn or Coughing or conditions unrelated to weight loss to anemia the absence of swallowing indigestion hoarseness cancer, including: (from blood loss) heart disease solid foods

Treatment Options

The main options for treatment of esophageal cancer include: Surgery Radiation Chemotherapy Targeted Therapy Endoscopic Immunotherapy Therapy Treatments