Högskoleprovet

Block 3 2010-10-23 Högskoleprovet Svarshäfte nr. DELPROV 5 ELFb Delprovet innehåller 20 uppgifter. Anvisningar Detta prov innehåller ett antal engelskspråkiga texter av olika längd. Till varje text hör en eller ﬂ era uppgifter, var och en med fyra svarsförslag. Endast ett är rätt, nämligen det som passar bäst i det givna sammanhanget. Observera att du ska lösa uppgifterna med ledning av den information som ges i respektive text. Alla svar ska föras in i svarshäftet. Det ska ske inom provtiden. Markera tydligt. Om du inte kan lösa en uppgift, försök då att bedöma vilket svarsförslag som verkar mest rimligt. Du får inget poängavdrag om du svarar fel. På nästa sida börjar provet som innehåller 20 uppgifter. Provtiden är 35 minuter. BÖRJA INTE MED PROVET FÖRRÄN PROVLEDAREN SÄGER TILL. Tillstånd har inhämtats att publicera det upphovsrättsligt skyddade material som ingår i detta prov. Eyak Beyond the town of Cordova, on Prince William Sound after fourth grade, canning – in industrial quantities – the in south-eastern Alaska, the Copper River delta branches noble fish her people had hunted with respect. out in silt and swamp into the gulf. Marie Smith, grow- Marie Smith herself seemed cavalier about the lan- ing up there, knew there was a particular word in Eyak, guage for a time. She married a white Oregonian, William her language, for the silky, gummy mud that squished Smith, and brought up nine children, telling them odd between her toes. It was c’a. The driftwood she found on Eyak words but, finding they were not interested, Eyak the shore, ‘u’l, acquired a different name if it had a proper became a language for talking to herself, or to God. Only shape and was not a broken, tangled mass. If she got when her last surviving older sister died, in the 1990s, lost among the flat, winding creeks, her panicky thoughts did she realise that she was the last of the line. From that were not of north, south, east or west, but of “upriver”, moment she became an activist, a tiny figure with a deter- “downstream” and the tribes, Eskimo and Tlingit, who mined jaw and a colourful beaded hat, campaigning to lived on either side. And if they asked her name it was not stop clear-cutting in the forest (where Eyak split-log lodges Marie but Udachkuqax*a’a’ch, “a sound that calls people decayed among the blueberries) and to get Eyak bones from afar”. decently buried. She was the chief of her nation, as well Upriver out of town stretched the taiga, rising steadily as its only fullblooded member. to the Chugach mountains and covered with black spruce. She drank too much, but gave it up; she smoked too The spruce was an Eyak dictionary in itself, from lis, the much. Most outsiders were told to buzz off. But one neat, conical tree, to Ge.c, its wiry root, useful for baskets; scholar, Michael Krauss of the University of Alaska at Fair- from Gahdg, its blue green, flattened needles, which could banks, showed such love for Eyak, painstakingly recording be brewed up for beer or tea, to sihx, its resin, from which its every suffix and prefix and glottal stop and nasalisation, came pitch to make canoes watertight. The Eyak were fish- that she worked happily with him to compile a grammar ermen who, thousands of years before, were thought to and a dictionary; and Elizabet Kolbert of the New Yorker have crossed the Bering Strait in their boats. Marie’s father was allowed to talk when she brought fresh halibut as a still fished for a living, as did most of the men in Cor- tribute. Without those two visitors, almost nothing would dova. Where the neighbouring Athapaskan tribes, who have been known of her. had crossed the strait on snowshoes, had dozens of terms As a child she had longed to be a pilot, flying boat- for the condition of ice and snow, Eyak vocabulary was planes between the islands of the Sound. An impossible rich with particular words for black abalone, red abalone, dream, she was told, because she was a girl. As an old ribbon week and tubular kelp, drag nets and dipping nets woman, she said she believed that Eyak might be resur- and different sizes of rope. rected in future. Just as impossible, scoffed the experts: This universe of words and observations was already in an age where perhaps half the planet’s languages will fading when Marie was young. In 1933, there were 38 disappear over the next century, killed by urban migra- Eyak-speakers left, and white people with their grim faces tion or the Internet or the triumphal march of English, and intrusive microphones, as they always appeared to Eyak has no chance. For Marie Smith, however, the death her, were already coming to sweep up the remnants of of Eyak meant the not-to-be-imagined disappearance of the language. At home her mother donned a kushsl, or the world. apron, to make cakes in an ‘isxah, or round mixing bowl; but at school “barbarous” Eyak was forbidden. It went The Economist unheard, too, in the salmon factory where Marie worked – 2 – Questions 1. What is implied about the Eyak language? 4. What are we told about Marie Smith in her adult life? A It attracted attention only when a compre hen sive dictionary was published A She insisted on using the Eyak language in as B The vocabulary is heavily influenced by the many contexts as possible environment of the Eyak people B She was a feminist who fought for Eyak women’s C The vocabulary of Eyak is restricted to concrete rights objects C She turned into an enthusiastic fighter for the D It was so spread out that different dialects of the Eyak cause language emerged D She gave up all interest in Eyak issues when she married 2. What are we told about Eyak people? 5. What was Marie Smith’s view of the A They lived on what the sea had to offer future? B They were hunters of wildlife animals A She realized the impossibility of the survival of C They were extremely flexible in their lifestyle the Eyak language D They had lived off the fertile soil for thousands B She hoped for improved communications of years between the Alaskan islands C She was convinced that her children would move away from Alaska 3. What are we told about white people in D She could not picture a future without the Eyak this text? language A They documented the Eyak language for some time B They have kept ignoring the Eyak’s unique language and life style C They came to the Eyak to learn more about the intricate ways of fishing around Prince William Sound D They were always of special interest to Marie Smith – 3 – Please turn over » Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy A review of a book by Simon Louvish The American journalist and film critic James Agee pin- of interest during the 1970’s, they have more or less been pointed the essence of their comedy: “Laurel and Hardy returned to the shelf labeled “fan favorites.” It is said that are trying to move a piano across a narrow suspen- no one loves them but the public, and it is true that they sion bridge. The bridge is slung over a sicken ing chasm are not especially witty, emblematic or even sympathetic. between a couple of Alps. Midway they meet a gorilla.” They are just funny, very funny. In their more than 100 films together, spanning three Everything Laurel and Hardy try goes wrong, but they decades (1921–51), Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy’s impec- never give up, seeming not to grasp the concept of fail- cably constructed comic mayhem car ried them to the ure. Their very incompetence becomes their most useful highest level of popularity and a fame that easily crossed weap on for destroying the middle-class smug ness that international borders. greets their efforts. The as sault on the bourgeoisie is not There is nothing as succinct as Agee’s statement in Stan uncommon in American comedy, but Laurel and Hardy and Ollie, Simon Louvish’s biography of two of Holly- attack it with unparalleled passion, inviting the audience wood’s greatest clowns. Where Agee selects one bizarre to join in and approve. No matter what befalls them, they moment that reveals everything, Louvish provides a dis- find new and fabu lous ways to retaliate. tant analysis: “There is a clear taste emerging in these mov- The art of Laurel and Hardy – and it is an art – is ies for highly eccentric gags, which we would today call beautiful because it is so simple, so reliable. They always ‘surreal’ and which involve ordina ry ideas and gestures start out as if their day will make sense. When things go carried to literally lu na tic extremes.” Louvish is not wrong, wrong, they look at each other, study the situation care- and he cares about getting it right, but where’s the double fully and then slowly, calmly do some thing really hide- take? Where’s the laugh? Of all the slapstick artists in his- ous about it. And when some one is mean to them, they tory, surely Laurel and Hardy deserve a book that is as fun become inspired. to read as it is informative. Audiences around the world still love Laurel and To his credit, Louvish, who has also written books Hardy. Their popularity gave rise to an international fan about W.

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