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General Wauchope This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world’s books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book’s long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. 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About Google Book Search Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http://books.google.com/ 1 GeneralWauchope WilliamBaird,F.S.A.Scot ,:"-' V ^"s. ( ■ ■ ' '. , ,.■ GENERAL WAUCHOPE ' Major-General WAUCHOPE, C.B., C.M.G., LL.D. From a Photograph by Horsburgh, Edinburgh. GENERAL WAUCHOPE BY WILLIAM BAIRD, F.S.A. SCOT. AUTHOR OF 'JOHN THOMSON OF DUDDINGSTON, PASTOR AND PAINTER" 'ANNALS OF DUDDINGSTON AND PORTOBELLO' 'SIXTY YEARS OF CHURCH LIFE IN AYR* FTC. EDINBURGH AND LONDON OLIPHANT ANDERSON AND FERRIER 1900 PA { Edinburgh : T. and A. Constable, Printers to Her Majesty //9600?-/90 TO THE OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE HIGHLAND BRIGADE WHO BRAVELY FOUGHT AT MAGERSFONTEIN THIS MEMOIR OF THEIR LEADER IS INSCRIBED CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION ....... 9 CHAP. I. THE WAUCHOPES OF NIDDRIE MARISCHAL . 13 II. CHILDHOOD — EARLY TENDENCIES — THE ' HOUSEHOLD TROOP ' — EDUCATION — NAVAL TRAINING — THE 'BRITANNIA' — THE 'ST. GEORGE' — PRINCE ALFRED 25 III. ENTERS THE ARMY — THE BLACK WATCH — ASHANTI WAR — RETURN HOME — BANQUET AT PORTOBELLO . 36 IV. DEATH OF WAUCHOPE's FATHER — ORDERED TO MALTA — REMINISCENCES — RELIGIOUS CONVICTIONS — CYPRUS — APPOINTMENT AS CIVIL COMMISSIONER OF PAPHO — REMINISCENCES — SIR ROBERT BIDDULPH — THE SULTAN'S CLAIMS ..... 52 V. WAR IN SOUTH AFRICA — ARABI PASHA'S REBELLION IN EGYPT — TEL-EL-KEBIR — MARRIAGE — LIFE IN CAIRO 68 VI. THE EASTERN SOUDAN — BATTLE OF EL-TEB— ATTEMPT TO RELIEVE GENERAL GORDON — ASCENT OF THE NILE — THE WHALE-BOATS— BATTLE OF KIRBEKAN — RETURN TO CAIRO — MALTA — GIBRALTAR . 89 VII. THE MIDLOTHIAN CAMPAIGN . IO9 viii ,J j GENERAL WAUCHOPE CHAF. FACiB VIII. THE 73RD REGIMENT AT MARYHILL BARRACKS — IN CIDENTS OF HOME LIFE — MILITARY LIFE AT YORK — APPOINTMENT TO SOUDAN CAMPAIGN . I3I IX. THE SOUDAN — BATTLES OF ATBARA AND OMDURMAN — ARRIVAL HOME — RECEPTION AT NIDDRIE — DEGREE OF LL.D. — PAROCHIAL DUTIES— PARLIAMENTARY CONTEST FOR SOUTH EDINBURGH . I46 X. OUTBREAK OF HOSTILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA — COM MAND OF THE HIGHLAND BRIGADE — DEPARTURE FOR SOUTH AFRICA — THE SITUATION— BATTLE OF MAGERSFONTEIN — DEATH — FUNERAL — AFTER THE BATTLE . 172 XI. CHARACTERISTICS . I98 INDEX ........ 209 \ INTRODUCTION On the nth day of December 1899, amid the rattle of rifles, the fierce booming of cannon, and the sharp bang of exploding shells, a British force of Scottish Highlanders found themselves suddenly confronted in the darkness of an early African morning by an unseen enemy. All night they had been on the march, tramping the bare rocky veldt north of the Modder river, to attack, and if possible capture, the fortified and strongly entrenched position held by the Boer army of General Cronje among the rocks and cliffs of Magersfontein. This was full of difficulty and danger. But the relief of the beleaguered garrison of Kimberley was urgent, and if the work were to be done, it demanded the best the British army could achieve. Steadily and determinedly stepped out the men of the Highland Brigade, commanded by him they had long had reason to trust. As lieutenant, as captain, as colonel, they had followed him in many a well-fought battle, and now with Major-General Wauchope leading them in the darkness, no doubt or fear entered their breast. But suddenly there was a flash of light from the rocks above, followed immediately by a long belching flame of fire from a thousand rifles in front. They had unexpectedly io GENERAL WAUCHOPE stumbled on the enemy. There was no time for reorganisa tion, and in the midst of an entanglement of trenches and barbed wire fencing, and exposed the while to a withering fire against which nothing human could stand, the High land Brigade was mown down. Here it was, but well in front of his men, endeavouring to the last to cheer on his followers, one of the most gallant and daring of modern British generals fought and fell, a martyr for his Queen and country. General Wauchope's tragic end was no unfitting con clusion to a life of devoted, arduous service. He died as he had lived, ever in the midst of strife, an earnest, brave, and self-denying man, thinking more of others than him self; graced with the dignity that comes from inborn gentleness of spirit, and ever in his conduct exemplifying the faith he professed. No wonder that when such a man fell, there was a wail of lamentation, not merely around his own home in Edinburgh where he was best known and loved, but throughout the whole British Empire. The story of his life is one of incident and hairbreadth escapes, and it deserves to rank high in the military annals of our country ; for among those who have helped to raise Great Britain to the honourable position she holds among the nations of the world, as the vindicator of freedom, as the protector of the weak against the strong, as the pioneer of commerce, and the disseminator of Christianity, there are few who have laboured more zealously or fought more bravely than he whose career we shall in the following pages attempt to sketch. INTRODUCTION n In biography there is perhaps nothing more alluring than to trace out traits in remote kindred, and to watch them coming forth with new accompaniments in later generations, to work out, as it were, the full story of the race, and probably to mark a climax in some choeen individual. Though we have not space to follow this out in the present case, the distinguishing characteristics of General Wauchope's ancestors may easily be discerned throughout his career ; to them he doubtless owed that simple manliness which looked upon every man — whatever his station — as a brother; that unswerving courage in time of danger, that unflinching devotion to duty, that cheerfulness of disposition, which made him a general favourite ; all sobered by a sense of the unseen and eternal which entered into the very heart of his life. The author's efforts to gather the scattered material of so chequered a career have been met on all hands by so willing a response from those who could in any way claim the General's acquaintance, that his task has been a pleasant and a comparatively easy one. For interesting details and incidents coming under their personal observa tion, his best thanks are due to Admiral Lord Charles W. D. Beresford, C.B.; General Sir Robert Biddulph, G.C.M.G., G.C.B., lately Governor of Gibraltar; Sir John C. M'Leod, G.C.B.; Colonel R. K. Bayly, C.B.; Colonel Brickenden ; Colonel Gordon J. C. Money ; Major A. G. Duff; Captain Christie, and other of his brother officers who shared with him the dangers and toil of naval and military service, in various parts of the world. ia GENERAL WAUCHOPE He cannot too gratefully acknowledge the kind assist ance heartily given by the Rev.
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