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President’s Page

It has been gratifying to serve as the president of the Aerospace Medical Association. The aerospace medical community continues to be an extremely di- verse and interesting group that strives to meet the challenges of civil, commercial, and military aviation and space operations in the 21st century. When intro- duced as the new president of the Aerospace Medical Association (AsMA) at Honors Night in Orlando, I announced three major priorities for the Association for completion during this term. These included the development of a Foundation to support aerospace medicine, assuring that the meeting in New Orleans following Katrina would be successful, and making AsMA more responsive to the important aeromedical issues of Richard T. Jennings, M.D., M.S. the day. As most of you know, the Aerospace Medical Susan Northrup, with the help of Pam Day, has stream- Association Foundation has been established and ap- lined the Maintenance of Certification process and 126 proved by the IRS with the diligent help of Russell hours of MOC sessions will be available compared to Rayman, the AsMA attorneys, the executive committee, 21 hours last year. Special thanks go to companies and and the initial AsMA Foundation Board. Even before individuals that have offered to financially support our formal IRS approval, several companies such as Wyle meeting including Mayo Clinic, Kelsey-Seybold Clinic, Laboratories and individuals like Russell Rayman and Wyle Laboratories, UTMB, Environmental Tectonics the other authors of Clinical Aviation Medicine made Corp., Dick Trumbo, and Bob Johnson. In addition, major contributions to the Foundation. The Board will Kjell Lindgren has arranged a volunteer day for AsMA be working diligently in partnership with those in this members to help construct homes in New Orleans field to create the financial strength to support our through Habitat for Humanity. What a great way for young members in the pursuit of aerospace medicine. AsMA to be a good guest in this wonderful city that While initially fund raising will be the first priority, it is has experienced so much recent difficulty! anticipated that the Foundation will soon have general One must also mention disappointments, and un- funds that the Board can distribute for scholarships, fortunately we have not been that successful in making seed grants for research projects, and other avenues of AsMA more responsive to the important aeromedical support within the guidance of the Foundation bylaws. issues of the day. I had hoped that AsMA could de- In addition to unencumbered funds, we are confident velop a system to respond with evidence-based infor- that some members will want to endow specific pro- mation for the rapidly evolving issues that affect our grams or named scholarships or grants so that their gift industry. The advent of 24/7 cable news, internet text can grow and support this field for many generations. messaging and blogs, worldwide jet travel, short media While there may be certain pressures on AsMA’s mem- attention span, and the importance of issues that bership numbers due to research laboratory closures emerge periodically seem to make this capability im- and the reduced number of pilots in the military, there perative. We need to be responsive to issues like the are currently many areas of expanding activity, such as aeromedical implications of bird flu, emerging infec- in commercial spaceflight. It is my hope that the tious illness and biohazards, DVT in long-duration Foundation will be an important factor in supporting flight, cabin altitude and cabin air quality, pilot age-60 the growth of young members in the aerospace medi- rule, periodicity of medical exams, fatigue countermea- cine and related fields. sures in long-haul pilots, and medical certification of The second priority was making the New Orleans UAV operators. If AsMA is to be a player in the events meeting special and financially sound. With the help of the day, we need a system for timely response that Russell Rayman, the home office staff, Walt Galanty, goes beyond resolutions and the executive director an- Tom Dozier, the FAA, the AsMA Wing, program chair swering media inquiries. Those from AsMA who com- Joe Dervay and local events chair Bob Johnson, the municate with the media, public, and government New Orleans meeting looks fantastic. I am extremely agencies need quality position papers and timely evi- grateful to the physicians, nurses, physiologists, and dence-based information from AsMA’s committees and scientists who have submitted abstracts for presenta- constituent organizations. Our improved web site tion and to those who established the five state-of-the- could become a great resource for distributing this in- art workshops for Sunday and created several special formation. I have been disappointed that many assign- panels for the meeting. This is the heart of our meeting. See PRESIDENT’S PAGE, p. 541.

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Medical News

NASA Administrator, master's degree in business administration tions for the emerging industry are his pri- from Loyola College; and a master's degree in mary goals. Michael Griffin to Present civil engineering from George Washington In his capacity as a company officer for TSC Bauer Lecture University. He is a certified flight instructor he is determined that the SS2 system and other with instrument and multi-engine ratings. systems to follow will mark a step change in levels of safety and affordability for human The 53rd Annual Louis H. Bauer Lecture is space access. scheduled to be given during opening Mr. Tai is also training to be a commercial Ceremonies of the Aerospace Medical Virgin Galactic’s Alex Tai to pilot for and is supervising the design and Association’s 78th Annual Scientific Meeting Give Armstrong Lecture construction of the new passenger-carrying May14, 2007, at the Sheraton Hotel, New SpaceShipTwo (SS2). In his role as COO for Orleans, LA. This year’s speaker is Michael The 42nd Annual Harry G. Armstrong VG, Alex is responsible for bringing the SS2 Griffin, NASA Administrator. Lecture is scheduled for Thursday, May 17, system into commercial service. He will build Nominated by President George W. Bush 2007, during the AsMA’s 78th Annual the flight operations programme at Mojave in and confirmed by the United States Senate, Scientific Meeting, Sheraton Hotel, New California before expanding operations to Michael Griffin began his duties as the 11th Orleans, LA. This year, Alex Tai, Chief Spaceport America in New Mexico. Leading Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Operating Officer, Virgin Galactic is the sched- the way, he will pilot the first commercial Space Administration on April 14, 2005. As uled speaker. Mr. Tai performs a number of flight of SS2. Administrator, he leads the NASA team and roles within the new Spaceflight industry. In manages its resources to advance the U.S. addition to his role as Chief Operating Officer Vision for Space Exploration. for Virgin Galactic (VG) he is Chairman of the Prior to being nominated as NASA Personal Spaceflight Federation (PSF) and an MEETINGS CALENDAR Administrator, Griffin was serving as Space officer of The Spaceship Company LLC (TSC). 2007 Department Head at Johns Hopkins Alex Tai first learned to fly gliders when he University's Applied Physics Laboratory in was 16 and received his pilot's license at 17. May 8-10, 2007, Tucson, AZ. 52nd Laurel, MD. He was previously President and Trained as a pilot in the UK Royal Air Force he Corporate Aviation Safety Seminar (CASS). Chief Operating Officer of In-Q-Tel, Inc., and went on to fly executive jets and holds a num- For more information, visit www.flight- also served in several positions within Orbital ber of World records for flights with the U.S. safety.org/seminars.html or contact Sciences Corporation, Dulles, VA, including adventurer Steve Fossett, including around the Namratha Apparao, Membership Services Chief Executive Officer of Orbital's Magellan world east and west about in class. He joined Coordinator, Flight Safety Foundation, 601 Systems division and General Manager of the Virgin Atlantic when he was 27 and became Madison St., Ste. 300, Alexandria, VA Space Systems Group. one of their youngest captains at 30. He re- 22314-1756; 703-739-6700; FAX 703-739- Earlier in his career, Griffin served as chief mains in active service as a Captain of the 6708. engineer and as associate administrator for Airbus A340 the longest airliner in the world May 23-24, 2007, London, UK. Flight Exploration at NASA, and as deputy for tech- at present. He then embarked on special pro- Simulation Data, Interoperability, and Re- nology at the Strategic Defense Initiative jects for Sir Richard Branson. Alex has been Use: Are We Achieving the Dream? For more Organization. He has been an adjunct profes- working on the Galactic project from concep- info, contact Marta Collins, Conference and sor at the University of Maryland, Johns tion, standing next to Paul Allen and Burt Events Organiser, Royal Aeronautical Society, Hopkins University, and George Washington Rutan in mission control at the first X Prize No. 4 Hamilton Place, London W1J 7BQ, University, where he taught courses in spaceflight. UK; [email protected]; +44 (0)20 craft design, applied mathematics, guidance As Chairman of the PSF Alex believes that 7670 4342. and navigation, compressible flow, computa- building the regulatory and legislative founda- June 26-27, 2007, London, UK. The tional fluid dynamics, spacecraft attitude con- Future for Helicopters in UK Public Service. trol, astrodynamics, and introductory For more info, contact Marta Collins, aerospace engineering. He is the lead author of EXPERT WITNESS Conference and Events Organiser, Royal more than two dozen technical papers, as well POLICY STATEMENT Aeronautical Society, No. 4 Hamilton as the textbook, Space Vehicle Design. Place, London W1J 7BQ, UK; A registered professional engineer in (Approved by AsMA Executive Committee, March 1, 2007) [email protected]; +44 (0)20 7670 Maryland and California, Griffin is a member 4342. of the National Academy of Engineering and The giving of expert witness testimony by a member of our Association is con- October 29-31, Grand Sierra Resort & the International Academy of Astronautics, an Casino Hotel, Reno, NV. SAFE Association honorary fellow of the American Institute of sidered the practice of the member's profession, including aerospace medicine or 45th Annual Symposium. For more info, Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), a fellow call (541) 895-3012, Fax (541) 895-3014, e- of the American Astronautical Society, and a an allied health care profession repre- sented by the Association. The AsMA mail [email protected], or visit www.safeasso- member of the Institute of Electrical and ciation.com or www.safeassociation.org. Electronic Engineers. He is a recipient of the member called upon to provide expert testimony should testify only about those November 1-2, 2007, Holiday Inn NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal, the Regents Park, London, UK. Second Annual AIAA Space Systems Medal, and the subjects for which the member is qualified as an expert by training and experi- Aviation Health Conference. For more infor- Department of Defense Distinguished Public mation, visit www.quaynote.com. For spon- Service Medal, the highest award given to a ence. Before giving testimony, the member should carefully review all relevant sorship or speaking opportunities, contact non-government employee. [email protected] or phone 44-20-8531- Griffin received a bachelor's degree in records and facts and in giving testimony, provide only scientifically based 6464. Physics from Johns Hopkins University; a Postponed until 2008. Human master's degree in aerospace science from opinions. AsMA encourages impartiality in expert witness testimony and con- Performance, Situation Awareness, and Catholic University of America; a Ph.D. in Automation (HPSAA III) Technology aerospace engineering from the University of demns false or misleading testimony. Compensation for testimony should be Conference. Info: Mustapha Mouloua, Maryland; a master's degree in electrical engi- Conference Chair, 407-823-2910, neering from the University of Southern reasonable and commensurate with time and effort spent and must not be contin- [email protected], http://fac- California; a master's degree in applied ulty.erau.edu/hpsaa/. physics from Johns Hopkins University; a gent upon case outcome.

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panels including "The Medical Problems of the Transportation Safety Board of all 'propeller- This Month in Aerospace Jet and Turbo-Jet Age," "The Forthcoming Air to-person' accidents from 1965-1979 were ex- Medicine History-- Transport," as well as "Space Travel" (1). amined and analyzed in terms of airport May 2007 The fear of blood boiling at altitude (U.S. Naval lighting conditions, actions of pilots, actions School of Aviation Medicine, Pensacola, FL): "The of passengers and ground crew, phase of By Walter Dalitsch III, M.D., M.P.H. effect of tissue boiling is one of the many haz- flight operations, weather conditions, and ards to be considered in high altitude flight. others. Analyses based on 319 accidents Seventy-five Years Ago In physical terms a liquid is boiling when its showed a marked drop in the frequency of vapor pressure at the prevailing temperature 'propeller-to-person' accidents from 1975 First woman to fly solo across the Atlantic: equals the ambient pressure. The phe- through 1978. Several types of educational Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly solo nomenon of boiling must be expected when efforts directed toward pilots and ground- across the Atlantic, accomplishing this feat in man is exposed to an ambient pressure of crew, both prior to and during the 4-year pe- 14 h, 56 min in a Pratt & Whitney Wasp-pow- about 47 mm Hg or less at altitudes over riod, were examined as possible factors con- ered Lockheed Vega. She took off from 64,000 feet. The term 'boiling' exerts an alarm- tributing to the accident rate decline. Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, on May 20, ing effect on the flyer possibly exposed to this Accident patterns provide a basis for assess- 1932, and landed in Ireland the following day. phenomenon at high altitude…. ing the probable efficacy of various recom- This marked the 5-yr anniversary of Charles "Cold blooded animals, resistant to anoxia, mendations, including propeller conspicuity, Lindberg's solo trans-Atlantic flight. In re- were exposed to ambient pressures equal and for further reducing 'propeller-to-person' ac- sponse, Earhart was awarded the National below the vapor pressure of their body fluids cidents" (3). Geographic Society's gold medal by President at room temperature. Illusions in runway size (FAA Civil Herbert Hoover, and the Distinguished Flying "The boiling phenomenon of tissue which Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City): "In Cross by Congress. She also wrote the book, must be expected at altitudes above 64,000 feet Experiment I, three pilots flew simulated ap- "For the Fun of It," about her flight (7, 8). was not found to be the violent bubbling pro- proaches and landings in a fixed-base simula- Global knowledge required by the flight surgeon cess which we know from experience at nor- tor with a computer-generated-image visual (Chief, Medical Division, Air Corps, United States mal atmospheric pressure. It is mainly an ac- display. Practice approaches were flown with Army): "Although the contributions to avia- celerated surface evaporation without bubble an 8,000-ft long runway that was either 75, tion by scientific study and the application of formation and heat denaturation of the col- 150, or 300 ft wide; test approaches were to its evolved conclusions appears as a monu- loidal structure of the plasma. The chief dam- runways with widths of 75, 100, 150, 200, and ment to the medical profession, many oppor- age to tissue exposed unprotected to extremely 300 ft. In Experiment II, 40 pilots controlled tunities still present to improve safety of air- low ambient pressure will be caused by water the slant of a moving model runway during craft operation and to increase the normal loss with ensuing dry out and freezing" (2). simulated night visual approaches. Five dif- flying capacity of pilots in the performance of ferent models simulated runways from 100 to varied missions… Twenty-five Years Ago 300 ft wide and 3,000 to 9,000 ft long. As pre- "Experience has taught us three lessons: dicted, training on a wide runway in "1. The undeviating maintenance of high Consideration of potential cardiac damage in Experiment I lowered approach angle in ap- physical standards is essential to safe and suc- +Gz exposure (Oral Roberts University School of proaches to narrower runways; a narrow prac- cessful flying. Medicine, Tulsa, OK): "The available informa- tice runway also raised approach angles to "2. There are mental, nervous, and emo- tion concerning the subendocardial hemor- wider runways. The magnitude of these prac- tional qualities which a flyer must possess of rhage, myofibrillar degeneration, and necrosis tice effects increased as distance from runway equal or greater importance in flying training observed in miniature swine after acute +Gz threshold decreased. There was also a general and to give assurance of a reasonable period of exposure, is reviewed and evaluated for any tendency for approach angles to decrease as flying. possible occurrence of similar pathology in hu- runway width decreased. The latter effect was "3. The neuro-psychic set-up and the re- mans. It is concluded that +Gz exposure poses corroborated in Experiment II; in addition, actions to stimuli must be harmonized to no significant risk for cardiac damage in hu- generated approach angles decreased with in- physical function in the air environment…. mans. Three primary considerations lead to creasing runway length. Giving half the pilots "A few flight surgeons have erroneously this conclusion: 1) The lesions in swine proba- information about runway size prior to each recognized their duties as limited to examina- bly result from very high (toxic) levels of both approach had no effect on responses. These tion and observation of flying personnel from sympathetic adrenergic tone to the heart and findings add to the quantitative evidence of a purely physical standpoint. Aviation circulating plasma catecholamines acting on danger in night visual approaches due to vi- Medicine as a specialty now and always will the cardiac cells. Most of these catecholamines sual illusions and large variability in the visual demand a thorough knowledge of general appear to be released as a result of the overall perception of approach angle" (6). medicine. Its existence as a specialty lies in stress involved in exposing conscious minia- that knowledge into special branches of medi- ture swine to +Gz on the centrifuge, and not REFERENCES cal science such as psychology, psychiatry, directly as the results of the +Gz per se. Thus, 1. Abstracts of scientific papers to be pre- ophthalmology, otology and applied physiol- the lesions in miniature swine appear to de- sented at meeting of Aero Medical Association, ogy. The ability to approach and have access velop as a consequence of a somewhat unique Denver, Colorado, May 6-8, 1957. J Aviat Med to the manifestations of those qualities (emo- form of the porcine stress syndrome. 2) +Gz 1957; 28(2):190. tional, mental and nervous) which stamp the exposure is not as psychologically stressful for 2. Beischer DE, Born S. The "boiling" phe- individual qualities of the flyer and determine humans. Therefore, humans would not be ex- nomenon of living tissue at low atmospheric by his conduct and reactions his immediate pected to have, and do not appear to have, cat- pressure. J Aviat Med 1957; 28(2):154-60. and remote capacity to "carry-on" in his flying echolamine levels (cardiac or systemic) as high 3. Collins WE, Mastrullo AR, Kirkham work is the highest desideratum. This only as those observed in miniature swine during WR, Taylor DK, Grape PM. An analysis of comes with 1) a personality which inclines to +Gz stress. This conclusion is supported by civil aviation propeller-to-person accidents: human understanding, 2) training in those direct comparisons of the heart rate and 1965-79. Aviat Space Environ Med 1982; specialties so important in the management of plasma catecholamine levels in men and 53(5):458-62. the flyer, and 3) continuous application of miniature swine during +Gz exposure. 3) 4. Jones GI. Potentialities for medical con- knowledge and effort to encourage and main- Although a large amount of clinical cardio- tribution to safety and efficiency in aviation. J tain a proper mental attitude toward flying logic data exists from humans who have been Aviat Med 1932; 3(2):102-8. and the high state of physical well-being de- exposed to +Gz stress, none of these data indi- 5. Laughlin MH. An analysis of the risk of manded by the effects of the vicissitudes of cate any degree of cardiac damage" (5). human cardiac damage during +Gz stress: A flying" (4). Propeller-to-person accidents (FAA Civil review. Aviat Space Environ Med 1982; Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City, and Office 53(5):423-31. Fifty Years Ago of Airworthiness, Washington, DC): "While 6. Mertens HW, Lewis MF. Effect of differ- propeller and rotor paint schemes may serve ent runway sizes on pilot performance during Annual meeting held one mile high: The 28th to reduce the number of fatalities and in- simulated night landing approaches. Aviat annual meeting of the Aero Medical juries due to contact with a rotating blade, Space Environ Med 1982; 53(5):463-71. Association was held at the Shirley Savoy there is little information about the circum- 7. www.ameliaearhart.com Hotel, Denver, CO, May 6 through 8, 1957. stances surrounding such accidents. Brief re- 8. www.infoplease.com/ipa/ More than 175 speakers were featured, with ports provided by the National A0004537.html

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source applications, originally only available Advances in the development of modeling for Linux, but now often available for the tools, increasing processor power such as Windows environment. The cost-savings can Beowulf clusters and GRID technology, the Science & be considerable, especially for research pro- need to investigate human system response grams on a tight budget. Probably the most to complex high stress environments, the ris- Technology popular application is the OpenOffice suite ing cost of experimentation, and the inherent (www.openoffice.org), which provides a rich restrictions in conducting human experimen- Watch integrated environment similar to Microsoft tation, have increased interest in computer Office including word processing (with simulation of complex biochemical, cellular, mathematical equations), spreadsheet, pre- and physiological systems - in silico experi- sentation, and database capability. For large, mentation. Numerous open-source software complex scientific papers and reports, in- packages for simulating cellular biochemistry volving significant mathematical formulae, and genetics are under active development, images, and figures, the LaTeX markup lan- such as MCell (www.mcell.cnl.salk.edu) and Keeping You Informed Of The Latest guage (www.latex-project.org) is often pre- E-Cell (www.e-cell.org). These packages pro- Advances In Science And Technology ferred, as one can easily "tweak" the format vide GUI interfaces for the design and execu- and layout of the document, and files are in tion of complex models of biochemical reac- ********** plain ASCII text. tions, membrane transport, and genetic If you have not taken advantage of the ever in- Though not as well known, there a num- regulation that can be described by a mix of creasing availability of open-source software tools, ber of other open-source tools available to algebraic, ordinary differential, and partial this month's edition of the Watch provides a the research community. One of the most differential equations. The development of quick overview. popular is R (www.r-project.org), a very the standardized XML based Systems For a more in-depth introduction, please join powerful object-orientated programming lan- Biology Markup Language (SBML) allows us at the "Open-source Software in Aerospace guage. Its advanced statistical analysis and the exchange of models across environments. Medicine and Physiology" panel co-sponsored by data display capabilities are maintained by The specialized software environments, the S&T Committee and LSBEB at the 78th the R Foundation for Statistical Computing Neuron (www.neuron.yale.edu/neuron), AsMA Scientific Meeting in New Orleans on and supported by some of the world's top Genesis (www.genesis-sim.org/GENESIS/), Monday May 14 at 10:30 in the Sheraton academic statisticians and pharmaceutical and PDP++ (www.cnbc.cmu.edu/Resources/ Rhythms 3 room. companies. Currently there are over 800 add- PDP++//PDP++.html), provide GUIs and on packages and utilities providing ad- object-orientated scripting languages for the ********** vanced analysis capabilities and interfaces to design and implementation of realistic mod- other languages and applications. In addition els of neural and brain processes. One can Open Source Software in Research to R and the open-source spreadsheet appli- also use an object-orientated, general pur- William Fraser, Human Systems Engineering cations, packages such as Octave pose simulation language such as Modelica Section, Defence R&D Canada - Toronto (www.gnu.org/software/octave), OpenDX (www.modelica.org), to develop and inte- (www.opendx.org), SCIRUN grate complex, multi-domain models involv- Open-source software (OS), sometimes (software.sci.utah.edu/scirun.html), and ing hundreds-of-thousands of continuous called FOSS (Free and open-source software), EEGLAB (www.sccn.ucsd.edu/eeglab) pro- and discrete components. usually refers to operating system and applica- vide additional capabilities, especially for the One of the primary driving forces behind tion software that is distributed under licens- analysis and display of time-series data. the use of open-source software, especially ing arrangements such as the GNU General OpenDX, for example, has a sophisticated for scientific research, is the large pool of Public (GPL) or BSD licenses. The source code GUI-based data-flow analysis and visualiza- contributors to the projects. Developers and is usually available and can be modified and tion capability for multi-dimensional data. users provide ideas and time in order to en- redistributed as long as the licensing terms are To supplement these data analysis tools, hance, improve, and integrate the applica- respected, although there can be some subtle which also provide an almost unlimited cations. There is strong evolutionary pressure restrictions. pability for customized plotting and graph- at work as powerful, useful applications sur- The most famous open-source software is ing of complex data sets, the open-source vive and grow, while interest and support the Linux operating system (www.linux.org) movement has produced a sophisticated set wanes for poor or unwanted software. which runs on more hardware platforms than of multi-platform visualization tools for the Another factor is the growing trend to re- any other OS, and is especially popular for researcher that often surpass the capability of quire open-access to one's raw data when larger organizations and many web hosting commercial products. For the generation of publishing in the open literature. One can sites, running on small and large servers. It schematics and cartoon models of concepts, now provide the software applications and was coded as a Unix-like system by Linus systems, etc., packages such as XFig all of the code used in processing the data, Torvalds, when he was an undergraduate at (www.xfig.org) are more than sufficient for allowing reviewers and readers to duplicate the University of Helsinki, and he continues to the majority of users. Inkscape the analysis and investigate alternative ap- direct the development of the kernel. There (www.inkscape.org) is a more recent scaled proaches. are numerous distributions of Linux (referred vector graphics (SVG) drawing application In addition to the Web sites for the indi- to as distros), some focused on commercial use that enables unlimited scaling of drawings vidual projects, more information on any of and some more compact and/or easier for the without the distortion seen with bitmapped topics discussed can be obtained from an- individual user to install, maintain, and up- drawings. The page layout package Scribus other famous computer project: "Wikipedia, a grade. There are even portable distros that re- (www.scribus.net), combined with the image multilingual, Web-based, free content, ency- quire no installation and run from a CD or manipulation program GIMP clopedia project" (en.wikipedia.org/wiki), DVD disk on any PC. Distros can be down- (www.gimp.org), enables professional qual- though it is not technically an open-source loaded from various Web sites and a number ity integration of graphics and text for slides, project. of the magazines devoted to Linux include scientific posters, and promotional material. ********** DVDs every month with different distros and The 3D software Blender The AsMA Science and Technology Committee application software. (www.blender.org/cms/Home.2.0.html) can provides the Watch as a forum to introduce and Due to its use in the supercomputing envi- be used to produce photo-realistic images, discuss a variety of topics involving all aspects of ronment involving thousands of linked commercial quality animation, and cus- civil and military aerospace medicine. Please send CPUs, and its increasing popularity on the tomized video games and Cinelerra (hero- your submissions and comments via email to: desktop, Linux has had a major impact on inewarrior.com/cinelerra.php3) provides a [email protected]. Watch columns are scientific research, especially as popular com- powerful non-linear video editing capability. available at www.asma.org in the AsMA News mercial packages such as MATLAB are avail- The LimSee2 application link under Publications. able for the OS and products such as Wine (limsee2.gforge.inria.fr) is a tool for author- (www.winehq.com) and the commercial ing interactive audiovisual presentations This publication is available in VMWare (www.vmware.com) allow the run- using the Synchronized Multimedia microform from ProQuest ning of software designed for the Windows Integration Language (SMIL), providing an www.proquest.com environment. However a more significant attractive alternative to traditional slide pre- impact has been the development of open- sentations.

540 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 78, No. 5, Section I • May 2007 541.qxp 3/28/2007 11:37 AM Page 1

Send information for publication on this page to: Janet L. Sanner 320 Westminister Village Blvd. Sharpesburg, GA. 30277 AEROSPACE NURSING SOCIETY NEWS e-mail: [email protected]

President's Message where he commanded a clinic, functioned as United States, and for management of the care an F-15 physician/pilot technical consultant, provided to employees and their dependents I would like to express my appreciation for all and held key executive positions, including assigned overseas. In 1998 his department re- of the support during the past year as the that of Chief of Flight Medicine in the Surgeon ceived the American College of Occupational Aerospace Nursing General's Office. After a career that spanned Medicine's prestigious Corporate Health Society (ANS) President. 26 years, he retired in 1988 with the rank of Achievement award as one of the best indus- It has been a great op- colonel. trial medicine programs in the country. portunity to share infor- Dr. Tilton received both an M.S. and M.D. At this time, I would like you to welcome, mation and network degree from the University of New Mexico Cathy Dibiase, R.N. as the incoming ANS with the Aerospace and an M.P.H. from the University of Texas. President. We look forward to her leadership Medical Association He is board-certified by the American Board in the coming year. members. I look forward of Preventive Medicine in Aerospace Medicine Janet L. Sanner, RN, MSN, COHN-S, CCM to the continuation as and Occupational Medicine. He is a Fellow in President, Aerospace Nursing Society being a member of the the Aerospace Medical Association and the association. American College of Preventive Medicine. The Civil Aviation Medicine I would like to invite all From 1988 to 1991, he was the Regional Association members to the Aerospace Nursing Luncheon Medical Director at the Boeing Corporation's Cordially invites you to the in New Orleans during the Aerospace Medical Wichita, KS, facility. In 1991, he was promoted 4th Annual CAMA Sunday Association 78th Scientific meeting. It will be to Corporate Medical Director and moved to Seattle, WA, where he directed Boeing's over- May 13, 2007, 8:00 a.m., in the held in the Sheraton Hotel beginning at Noon Sheraton, Grand Chenier to 2:00p.m. Our guest speaker will be all medical program until 1999. This organiza- Frederick E. Tilton, M.D., M.P.H. Federal Air tion was responsible for on-site occupational care of Boeing employees working in the Topic: Overweight and Obese Surgeon, Office of Aerospace Medicine, Airmen: Implications of an inter- Federal Aviation Administration. national Epidemic A graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, ARCHIVAL DVD FOR SALE ! 1. Dr William Mills- FAA - Dr. Tilton entered the U.S. Air Force in 1962. 73 Years of the Aerospace His military career included operational time Epidemiology of Obese Airmen in the U.S. as a pilot and 11 years in the medical corps, Medicine journal 2. Dr David Bryman- Senior on one convenient DVD! International Aviation Medical Examiner- It’s finally ready Health Consequences of the Obese Pilot. Pay Your Dues! OR and will be available 3. Dr Tony Evans- ICAO - International Join the Aerospace Nurses Society for sale at the Meeting! Perspective of Overweight and Obese Today! Free up yards of shelf space! Airmen. Dues are just $10 ($5 allied health profes- Easy to search PDF files! 4. Dr Eric Donaldson - Australian CASA sionals). For further information, contact: Regulation Regarding Obese Airmen. Diane Fletcher, ANS Treasurer 5. Dr Jorg Siedenburg -JAA- JAA 4042 Stonewall Lane Members: $50 Shiloh, IL 62221 Nonmembers: $150 Perspective on Obese and Overweight Work: (618) 206-8467 Institutions:$300 Pilots. Home: 618) 830-4581 Plus Shipping & Handling: 6. Dr Curtis Cook - Mayo Clinic- [email protected] $5 U.S./$10 International Pharmacologic Interventions for Obese Fletcher4echarter.net Plus 5% VA sales tax (for Virginia residents only) Airmen.

PRESIDENT’S PAGE, from p. 537. ished memories. It has also been a thrill to help aver- ments for position papers and other evidence-based in- age pilots with medical problems safely live their struments that were assigned 3 years ago during Dr. dream and fly the general aviation planes of their Antunano’s term have languished without completion, choice. While my military experience is limited, at and Council only meets two times per year. Recent at- UTMB it has been a joy to be able to introduce over a tempts to use email editing through Council for ap- decade of residents from the Army, Navy, Air Force, proval of a position paper written by Dr. Rayman re- and UTMB/NASA-JSC programs to this unique spe- sulted in hundreds of emails without an approved cialty. It remains my opinion that the most important final product. We can do better. On a positive note, the attribute for a flight surgeon is to first be a good physi- new DVD which includes all the AsMA journals cian, and I have had the privilege to follow the early through 2002 will be an important asset for those who careers of many excellent aerospace medicine practi- need ready access to aerospace medicine information, tioners. Aerospace Medicine is a great field, and one and it will be available in New Orleans. can only imagine how exciting the future will be. Finally, what a privilege it is to serve as an aero- I have served in several AsMA leadership roles, space medicine practitioner and member of AsMA. and it is now time to turn the leadership over to oth- Our specialty is so broad that good clinicians, scien- ers. Having worked with this executive committee for tists, nurses, physiologists, and technicians can con- a number of years, it is clear we will be in good hands. tribute and participate in many ways. Personally, I am I know that Jack Hastings has already laid out an ag- primarily a clinician and have been honored to help gressive agenda for his year as president, but he will humans explore space. The relationship that a flight make his own announcements. surgeon has with a flight crew is one of my most cher- Best wishes. RJ

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 78, No. 5, Section I • May 2007 541 542.qxp 3/28/2007 11:24 AM Page 1

Send information for publication on this page to: Jonathan B. Clark, M.D., M.P.H. [email protected] SPACE MEDICINE ASSOCIATION NEWS

Commercial Human Spaceflight: The New Challenge for to support the emerging commercial human spaceflight industry, including medical and Aerospace Medicine health care delivery, physiologic training and monitoring, and indoctrination in life support, Jonathan B. Clark, M.D., M.P.H. launch or reenter crew only if they have re- survival and egress. Hazard and risk aware- President, Space Medicine Association ceived specified training and satisfied speci- ness and informed consent will be a crucial fied medical standards. In October 2006 the component of these services. As we prepare With the successful award of the Ansari X- GAO issued a report (GAO 07-16), COMMER- for the annual Aerospace Medical Association Prize following the flight of Spaceship One in CIAL SPACE LAUNCHES: FAA Needs meeting in May in New Orleans, there will be October 2004 to the fourth space tourist flight Continued Planning and Monitoring to a panel discussing commercial spaceflight. with Anousheh Ansari, it is clear that commer- Oversee the Safety of the Emerging Space Our guest speaker at the Space Medicine cial spaceflight is really taking off. A number Tourism Industry. The GAO found that the Association lunch on 17 May 2007 will be of commercial spaceflight companies are ac- FAA provided a reasonable level of safety Space Frontier Foundation co-founder Rick tively building and launching vehicles in- oversight for commercial launches, with none Tumlinson. We hope that you all can attend tended to carry humans into space. This effort of the 179 FAA licensed commercial launches this meeting for a lively discussion. includes many different countries, and launch over 17 years resulting in fatalities, serious in- sites for commercial human spaceflight are juries, or significant property damage. In re- being considered throughout the world. sponse to industry concerns about the costs of Attention Members! Conferences such as the International Space complying with regulations, the FAA has min- Development Conference and the imized compliance costs by basing regulations Council Meetings are open to all International Symposium for Personal on common safety standards and by taking a members of the AsMA. Your input Spaceflight are actively attended by the gen- case-by-case approach to licensing and and attendance are always welcome. eral public. Enthusiasm for flying in space is waivers. The GAO also noted that the FAA Our next meeting will be on Sunday, infecting all age groups. Due to the lessened will need more experienced personnel as new May 13, 2007, 9:00 a.m. in the concerns that commercial space flyers have for technologies to support commercial human private medical data, and the fact that these spaceflight. Sheraton, Maurepas Room, New space flyers may have major medical condi- Although Space Medicine as a distinct en- Orleans, LA. tions, significant advances in our knowledge tity dates to the late 1940's and early 1950's, The Annual Business Meeting will gaps may become available to the aerospace and with about 80 person-years in space, be Tuesday, May 15, 2007 at the medicine community and the public at large. much still needs to be learned. Training and Sheraton, Lagniappe Room. Your at- This will result in an ever-increasing aware- ground checkout is risky, with 4 Russian fatali- tendance is vital. Your vote is impor- ness of the human health concerns in this ties (chamber fire, aircraft accident, and water tant. (Note: You don’t have to buy high-risk endeavor. With much fanfare, Virgin survival) and 7 U.S. fatalities (aircraft acci- lunch to attend the meeting!) Galactic has unveiled the prototype vehicle of dents, capsule fire) occurring while preparing Scaled Composites' Spaceship Two, and soon for space operations. Fatalities related to space thereafter announced their goal of flying operations include 3 Russian fatalities on reen- Steven Hawking, the severely disabled physi- try and landing, and 15 U.S. fatalities, with 7 AsMA Future Meetings cist, in microgravity parabolic flight and then on ascent (shuttle) and 8 on reentry (1 lost on possibly in space. This will place substantial X-15 that qualified for astronaut wings, and 7 challenges to the space medicine community. on shuttle). Catastrophic loss of manned May 13-17, 2007 The Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984 launch vehicles has occurred on the pad Sheraton and Marriott Hotels gave the Department of Transportation the au- (Soyuz 18A) and on ascent (Soyuz T10A, STS New Orleans thority to license and monitor the safety of 51L) with both Soyuz crews surviving. commercial space launches and promote the Reentry anomalies have occurred frequently, May 11-15, 2008 industry. The Commercial Space Launch and are often due to vehicle configuration or Sheraton and Hilton Hotels Amendments Act of 2004 (CSLAA) promoted faulty separation from modules. Crew cabin Boston, MA the evolving commercial space industry and environment anomalies during descent have made the Department of Transportation and resulted in death and serious injury. Landing the Federal Aviation Administration and post impact issues have also occurred, in- May 3-7, 2009 (DOT/FAA) responsible for regulating com- cluding hard impact injuries and inability of Westin Bonaventure Hotel mercial human spaceflight. The CSLAA re- rescue forces to reach crew in a timely fashion. Los Angeles, CA quired a graduated approach to regulation, Spaceflight emergencies on orbit have in- with the standards governing human space- cluded cabin pressure loss, fire, and toxic envi- flight evolving as the industry matures. The ronment. Human factors errors in both space CSLAA prohibits the FAA from regulating flyers and ground controllers have affected NEW IMPROVED WEB FEATURE: crew and passenger safety before 2012, except mission milestones and come close to catastro- POLICY COMPENDIUM in response to high-risk incidents, serious in- phe. Loss of vehicle control has occurred on juries, or fatalities. Because the commercial ascent, on orbit, and during reentry on the X- Some of you may be aware that you can human spaceflight industry is in its early 15 flight 191, Gemini VIII, Apollo 10 Lunar already access AsMA position papers and stages, the CSLAA is based on principles of in- Module, Apollo 13 Command and Service resolutions online. But we've just made it formed consent and voluntary assumption of Module, STS 25 (51-L), STS 32, Mir following easier for you! Previously, you had to scroll risk by spaceflight participants. Reusable Progress M-34 Collision, STS 107, and Space through an extensive PDF file that con- launch vehicle (RLV) operators must inform Ship One (X Prize qualifying flight). Medical tained all papers since 1992. You can now the spaceflight participant of the risks associ- events have occurred in space and have af- view and print each paper from the table of ated with launch and reentry and the vehicle fected mission objectives. In long-duration contents. Just go to our Home Page safety record. The spaceflight participant must spaceflight, medical evacuation from space (www.asma.org) and click "About the provide written, informed consent as a way of has occurred three times, and medical evacua- AsMA". Then scroll down to "Download- showing that he/she understands and volun- tion was in work on 3 other occasions when able Materials". Select "Policy Compen- tarily accepts the risks associated with partici- the medical condition stabilized or resolved. dium" and you will have a table of contents pating in space launch activities. The CSLAA The Aerospace Medical Association is ide- from which you can choose the document requires a commercial space company to ally suited to provide the vast array of needs you wish to view or print.

542 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 78, No. 5, Section I • May 2007 543.qxp 3/28/2007 11:57 AM Page 1

Send information for publication on this page to: Maj. Andrew Woodrow, USAF, BSC Chief, Aerospace Physiology Formal Programs, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 210-536-6441 AEROSPACE PHYSIOLOGY REPORT [email protected]

HSI for Dummies and DoD-acquisition systems. Establish pol- ate/maintain the system? ( e.g., Core academics Maj. Chuck Surman, USAF, BSC, icy with DoD and other services in human and aerospace skills to develop in CAOC and UAS Brooks City-Base, TX performance, manpower, personnel, training, operators) human factors, environment, safety, occupa- · Human Factors Engineering: Develop ef- Human-related issues still account for 40- tional health, and personnel survivability. fective human-machine interfaces…Can situa- 65% of the total ownership cost of a system; Facilitate HSI and human performance en- tional awareness be maintained while accomplish- therefore, Human Systems Integration (HSI) is hancement with Integrated Product Teams. ing tasks? (e.g., Optimal console design, software critical to optimizing the overall effectiveness Responsible for AF HSI career development, interface and HUD design for new MQ-9 Predator of future and or current Air Force Weapon education, and training. Represent the 311th and CAOC workstations) Systems, and is also critical in reducing life- Human Systems Wing's human performance · Environment: Identifying/preventing ill- cycle costs of future and current Air Force mission to industry. ness and injury due to exposure to hazardous Weapon Systems. Performance Enhancement Research chemical, physical, and biologic agents en- The USAF is committing to a long term Division (PER): Provide evidence-based solu- countered in the air, water, or soil…Are haz- program called Human Systems Integration. tions to urgent HPE and HSI operational is- ardous materials contained in the system (e.g., It will be formally called AIRPRINT, to be sues. Explore and transition near term human Impact of mobile vice fixed workstations for both aligned with the Navy SEAPRINT and ARMY systems technologies (hardware, software, CAOC and UAS deployed systems.) MANPRINT Programs. It will fall under the mindware) to the field. Scientifically consult, · Safety: Prevention of any real or potential Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force (AF), have facilitate or manage HPE technical projects. condition that can cause mission degradation; both an Airstaff and MAJCOM Offices and Warfighter Operations Division (PEX): injury or death to personnel; or damage to, or have key manning and support from the AF Central HSI /human performance interface loss of, systems, equipment, facilities, or prop- SG assets. That means Aerospace between AFMC and the operational erty…Are controls in place to mitigate potential Physiologists, along with our residents in warfighter. Coordinate warfighter inputs con- unsafe conditions?( ex: Ground Control Station aerospace medicine (RAM), flight surgeon of- cerning HSI limiting factors in weapons sys- and CAOC optimal designs for safe ops?) ficers (FSO), and Pilot-Physician brothers will tem development. Collaborate with DoD · Health: Provide a fit, healthy force and work together to target, track and improve the Office of Transformation, Joint Forces prevent health threats from affecting military human performance issues common to all Command, and NATO for operational HSI forces…Do existing or potential conditions exist weapons systems. needs. Assure USAF/SG human performance that can cause death, injury, illness, etc?( ex: In essence, the program seeks to properly requirements are addressed in newly develop- Lifestyle issues for Predator pilots with 6 day/week select, equip, train, support, maintain, and en- ing weapons systems. Participate on HSI sustained ops for CENTAF over last 1500 days) hance the warfighter and his weapons system teams across the AFMC enterprise areas of · Personnel Survivability: Protection throughout the lifecycle of the system. It also aeronautical systems, C2ISR, air armament, against fratricide, detection, and instanta- includes both safety assessments and human and space. Utilize HSI/human performance neous, cumulative, and residual nuclear, bio- factors engineering the "man" in the system. resources of RAM, pilot-physicians, aerospace logical, and chemical effects; crew compart- As Surgeon General (SG) assets, we are a physiologists, safety, and life support officers ment integrity; and provisions for rapid critical link in supporting this Airstaff level serving with line units to solve HSI problems. egress…Can personnel avoid or withstand hostile program and have key areas of expertise we environments? ?( ex: Reduced fatigue and stress bring, and also responsibility to build new Human Systems Integration (HSI) for round- the- clock netcentric, time critical target- skill sets for ourselves. In addition to our core ing operations in both CAOC and Predator expertise in safety, training, and human factors HSI is a comprehensive strategy used early Operations center) (HF), HSI additionally covers the spectrum in the acquisition process to optimize total sys- · Habitability: Physical environment (e.g., from survivability and manning to environ- tem performance, minimize total ownership adequate space and temperature control), per- mental concerns. These skills along with ac- costs, and ensure that the system is built to ac- sonnel services (e.g., medical and mess) and quisition savvy and Science & Technology ( commodate the characteristics of the user pop- living conditions (e.g., berthing and personal S&T) background, we can be strong assests to ulation that will operate, maintain, and sup- hygiene)…Is the system suitable for long dura- the SG as we support this AF initiative. It also port the system. tions?(ex: Good place to work?) is in direct support of the AF Smart The HSI office role is to help program man- The 311 HSW/PE, AFRL/HE, USAFSAM, Operations (AFSO 21) and is the direction the agers and Warfighters implement HSI in all and AFIOH will be rolled into IAM and do new "Lean" Air Force is going. phases of systems acquisition through both the HSI mission, along with S&T, To best understand the linkage between the Integrated Product Team participation and/or Acquisition, Medical Training, and operator and the HSI program it is helpful to consultation for requirements development, Environmental assessment, with the ultimate understand the players and each teams repre and post contract support, HSI assess- goal of building a true center for human per- sponsibilities. The Air Force 'Players' are cen- ments policy guidance, training development formance enhancement for the AF and DoD. tered at the 311 Human Systems Wing (311 and delivery, and information collaboration. HSW/PE), Brooks City-Base, Performance In evaluating a system, the HSI process ex- Enhancement Directorate (PE); each element plicitly fuses the following domains and asks has a specific role in performance enhance- the following questions as part of its evalua- JOIN AsPS TODAY! ment. tion: Performance Enhancement Directorate · Manpower: Military, civilian and contrac- Take advantage of the outstand- (PE): Ensure an overwhelmingly effective tor resources available to operate and support ing network potential and the USAF warfighter through HSI and human a system…What are the force structure impacts? chance to gain knowledge from the performance, sustainment and enhancement (e.g., Selection and Training pipeline for new UAS field’s top minds. (HPS/E) from concept to operational employ- operators- what is strongest background- ABMs, Membership is only $10. For ment. Constantly pursue the application of NAV's, Pilots, Intel?) more information, please contact Joe leading-edge performance enhancement tech- · Personnel: Human performance charac- Essex at [email protected], or nology in order to maximize air and space teristics of the user population…Are the re- write to: power. USAF HSI and HPS/E lead agent to quired skills to operate/maintain the system identi- LCDR Joe Essex, MSC, USN Department of Defense (DoD), Air Staff, fied? (e.g., Unique skill set selection and BLDG 2272 Suite 345 MAJCOMs, system program offices, and ac- Knowledge Skills and Aptitude (KSA's) for new 47123 Buse Rd quisition, logistics, & test centers. CAOC and UAS systems) Patuxent River, MD 20670 Concept of Operations Division (PEC): · Training: Optimize the operational readi- HSI interface for Joint, Air Staff, Army, Navy, ness of the Total Forces…Can personnel oper-

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 78, No. 5, Section I • May 2007 543 544.qxp 3/28/2007 11:54 AM Page 1

Send information for publication on this page to: Dale Orford 15516 E Acacia Way, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268 WING NEWS & NOTES 480-837-7919; [email protected]

Message from Our President Brath who started out as an airline flight atten- thoroughly enjoyed the experience and we By Conoly Barker dant and now has a very busy law practice; look forward to many more. Alison Gibson who trained in the field of ge- Aloha Wing Sisters! ography but ended up working in a large Here in Hawaii they say "Mahalo nui loa" banking institution, and lastly, Mitzi Hansrote CONDOLENCES for "thank you very much." As my year as who retired from nursing and took up flying your President draws to a close, I have several lawyers around Florida. As you can tell, our The Wing sends its deepest sympathies to mahalo's to make. A big Mahalo Nui Loa to members are multitalented and dedicated to John and Harriet Hodgson on the loss of their my Board members. They have always been continuing learning, and they bring a wealth daughter, Helen, who died February 23rd of there when I needed advice and support. of experience and expertise to the Wing. It is injuries sustained in an automobile accident. Another big Mahalo Nui Loa to Arrangements this which keeps our organization strong, Harriet noted that one of the highlights of Chair, Diane Okonski-Hudson, and her team vital, and moving forward to meet new chal- Helen's life was a family trip to their home- for making this year's meeting a memorable lenges. We extend an invitation to all of you stead on the Isle of Man several years ago. The one! And another Mahalo Nui Loa to all of who are not yet members to join us at our up- Isle of Man's symbol is three legs, an ancient you for making the Wing the special group coming meeting in New Orleans. Come and Greek symbol, which means "which ever way that it is. It is your friendship and warmth- share your talents - you will be rewarded with you throw it, it will stand". In other words, welcoming to all whether newcomers and old- many new life-long friendships. Manx people will stand up to the tragedies of timers-and your sense of adventure and explo- life. Harriet's final words at her daughter's ser- ration in each city we visit that make the Wing vices were "This family loves you, this family a group like no other. Meet Ella Sugo will care for you, this family will stand." The I hope to see you all in New Orleans, hav- Wing family echoes those words as we keep ing fun shopping in the French Market, linger- I was born in Montevideo, Uruguay, where Harriet, John, and Helen's 15 year old twins, ing over beignets and coffee, cooking up a I had what I remember to be a great childhood Haley and John in our thoughts. storm, and visiting the gracious old planta- surrounded by lots of extended family. When I tions and the interesting old city that is New was 11, and in the setting of socio-political un- Orleans! rest in many countries in South America, my 'Til then, Aloha! Conoly family immigrated to Australia. After what can only be described as a crash course in Join the Wing! English, we settled into the northern beaches area of Sydney-a lovely area with lots of sun, Join the Wing - Share sand and surf. I was somewhat unsure of what Your Talents career to pursue initially, but eventually de- The Wing of the Aerospace Medical cided to do medicine. It was as a medical stu- Association was formed in 1952 “to sup- Many years ago, when I was first dating dent that I met my husband, Jeff Stephenson. port the specialty of aviation, aerospace, my husband, Bob, he took me to a lecture by Our early married life was spent in tropical and environmental medicine by facilitating one of his professors, the renowned, Dr. Townsville, North Queensland, where our two cooperation among its practitioners and by Wilder Penfield. Dr. Penfield's topic that children, Carlos (now 17) and Isabella (now increasing public understanding and appre- evening was "Careers," and he explained the 16), were born. We have many fond memories ciation of its importance.” Dues are $20 importance of always moving forward in one's of Townsville but we returned to Sydney to be per year. For more information, contact: life. He told us that he had had three different closer to both our families. I had many part- Judy Waring, 4127 Kenyon St., Seattle, WA careers in his lifetime. He had started as a foot- time jobs while my children were little - 98136; (206) 933-0884; e-mail: judywar- ball star at Princeton University, playing mainly teaching Anatomy (an old love of [email protected] against other Ivy League teams and gaining mine) and working in Women's Health. It was national attention. He might have made a ca- when Isabella entered school that I decided to reer in professional sport, but chose medicine specialize and chose Anatomical Pathology. Habitat for Humanity Project instead - for which the world is profoundly During my pathology training I was ex- grateful. Dr. Penfield went on to establish the posed to a lot of Forensic Pathology and The Aerospace Medical Association is part- Montreal Neurological Institute and pioneered slanted my final exam so as to sub-specialize nering with the New Orleans Area Habitat for many advances in neurosurgery and in the in Forensic Pathology. I worked as a Forensic Humanity during the 2007 annual meeting. treatment of epilepsy. At the end of his med- Pathologist for 3 years, including my senior Conference attendees and AsMA members in- ical career, he chose a completely new career registrar term. I found this work very interest- terested in contributing back to our host com- path and became an author of fiction and had ing but it took a heavy toll on my family, as it munity are invited to volunteer with Habitat several books published. His message to his had a lot of after-hours commitments. In view for Humanity on Saturday, May 12, from 7:15 young audience that night was that we must of this, I decided to change to Pediatric am to 2:30 pm. never rest on our laurels and constantly seek Pathology. I currently work at the Sydney Conference attendees, spouses, family, and to keep our lives vibrant and interesting. Children's Hospital, do locum work at friends are all invited, but must be 16 years of Many of our own Wing members have Sydney's other children's hospital and will age to participate. We will be assisting in the learned that lesson as well. We can count shortly do some locum Forensic Pathology (to construction of new houses, so volunteers can among our membership, doctors, nurses, keep my hand in). expect to engage in light manual labor. All teachers, writers, MBA's, and even a lawyer or My greatest accomplishment and joy are equipment and training will be provided, but two. But our members have not stopped there. my children. Both of them are keen swimmers volunteers should bring necessary personal Several have established second careers which ( I enjoy swimming very much myself) and I items, such as light work clothes (long sleeves were completely different from their primary have watched them swim for hours when they and pants), eye protection, work shoes/boots, training. train. My husband and I love gardens and cur- and work gloves. Among them are Olga Finklestein who rently live on a 5-acre property on the out- We are currently planning to meet in the traded in her biochemistry lab to work in the skirts of Sydney. Unfortunately, there is not lobby of the Sheraton at 6:00 am on Saturday, Argentinean Embassy in Montreal; Harriet much time at the present for relaxation or hob- May 12th, for a group departure to the work Hodgson who began her professional career bies, but I would not change what I have or do site. teaching young children then went on to be- - except maybe a bit less work. If you are interested in participating, check come a successful health and wellness writer Last year was the first year that my hus- out the website at www.asmavolunteers.org. with numerous books published; Marilyn band attended an AsMA meeting, and he has

544 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 78, No. 5, Section I • May 2007 545.qxp 4/16/2007 11:18 AM Page 1

Send information for publication on this page to: News of Members Aerospace Medical Association 320 S. Henry Street Alexandria, VA 22314-3579 NEWS OF MEMBERS [email protected]

Dr. Crance Awarded Two Miles, John E., Capt., USAF, MC, St. Louis, physics-based insights and guided the engi- MO neers with a more theoretically based set of ac- Prestigious Military Honors Naftanaila-Mali, Florica, M.D., Bucharest, celeration limit criteria for emergency escape Romania systems. These criteria allowed NASA to ex- AsMA Fellow Prof. Dr. Jean-Pierre Crance Reinbold, Kirk, Ph.D., Chester Springs, PA plore Project Mercury landing impact condi- has been awarded two of France’s most presti- Samdal, Hans O., MAJ, NAF, MC, FS, Rygge tions with more confidence. gious military honors. Flystasjon, Norway Dr. von Gierke served on committees of In a formal ceremony Sundstrom, Ellen M., Dallas, TX the Executive Office of the President of the held at the Air Basis 116 Swales, William, Capt., CAF, MC, United States and on many NASA, Depart- at Luxeuil, Dr. Crance Peterborough, Ontario, Canada ment of Transportation, FAA, EPA, and NIH was presented the Thomasma, Christa M., LT, MC, USN, Advisory committees. He was dedicated to Chevalier of the Legion Cantontment, FL seeing the scientific research results applied to of Honour by General Todd, Rodger J., M.D., Port Hedland, practical societal needs in a correct and timely Bruno Gougeon, Australia manner. He worked with patience and energy Commander of the Air Yassin, Mohammed, M.D., Abu Dhabi, United over three decades leading the development Region North. This Arab Emirates of national and international standards (ANSI, Ministry of Defense Young, Jeffrey, B.S., Houston, TX ISO) addressing human safety and well-being decoration was pre- with respect to noise, vibration, shock and im- sented in recognition of pact, noise-induced hearing loss, and hearing Dr. Crance’s more than 40 years with the In Memoriam Henning E. von Gierke, Dr. Eng. conservation. French Military Defense Health Service. He was elected a member of the National Further, it is for his more than four decades of Academy of Engineering, the International tireless work as Professor of Physiology at the Dr. Henning E. von Gierke, who was a clinical professor at the Wright State Univ-er- Academy of Aviation and Space Medicine, the Medical faculty in Nancy that the Minister International Academy of Astronautics, an Secretary of National Education wanted to rec- sity School of Medicine, and was the recipient of the 2004 John Paul Stapp Award, died re- Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Environ- ognize his work with a rare distinction. Dr. mental Sciences, and an Honorary Member of Crance was, therefore, also awarded with the cently at the age of 89. He was a native of the Military Audiology Association. He was a rank of “Commandeur dans l’Ordre des Fellow and Past President of the Acoustical Palmes academiques.” Karlsruhe, Germany. In the late 1930s, he began Society of America and a Fellow and past Vice Subsequent to serving on active duty with President of the AsMA. the French Navy, Dr. Crance continued as a studies of elec-tronics, communication engi- Among the awards he received are: the Physician with the Reserve Forces. His many DoD Distinguished Civilian Service Award; outstanding contributions resulted in his ulti- neering, and acous-tics at the Technical the Eric Liljencrantz, Arnold D. Tuttle, and mately being promoted to the rank of General, John Paul Stapp Awards from the Aerospace Chief Consultant of the French Military Universities in Karls- ruhe and Munich. He Medical Association; the Commander’s Cross Medical Services. For several years Dr. Crance of the Order of Merit from the Federal Repub- has been the Reserve Counsel to the Director received the Diplom Ingenieur in 1943 and a lic of Germany; the H.R. Lissner Award from of the Health Service of the Armed Forces and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers; continues to supervise French Armed Forces Doctor of Engineering degree in 1944 from the Technical University in Karlsruhe. After doing the Rayleigh Medal from the UK Institute of medical training. Acoustics; the Award for Outstanding Contri- Dr. Crance is an avid powered aircraft and research in acoustics, aero-acoustics, and teaching, he came to the United States in 1947 butions from the National Hearing Conserva- sailplane pilot, and has been the doctor of the tion Association; and the Distinguished Execu- French sailplane team during the World as part of a program called “Operation Paper- clip,” which was designed to enhance Ameri- tive Presidential Rank Award, presented by Championship. Dr. Crance has presided over the President of the United States. the Medical Council of Civil Aeronautics since can aviation science and technology research 1986. He is a Past-President of the French programs after World War II, to join the Aeromedical Society SOFRAMAS, Fellow of Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory at CLASSIFIED ADS the Aerospace Medical Association, Wright Patterson AFB, OH. He worked there Academician of the International Academy of for over five decades with an increasing num- Aviation and Space Medicine, and member of ber of co-workers and research respon-sibili- POSITION WANTED the Academy Nationale de l’air et de l’Espace. ties until his retirement as Director of the Dr. Crance has also been the recipient of nu- Biodynamics and Bioengineering Division. He WANTED: Full-time salaried Aerospace merous other prestigious distinctions includ- directed and was actively involved in research Medicine position. Board Certified ing Chevalier dans l’Ordre National du in vibration, impact, acceleration, shock, blast Aerospace Medicine (UTMB/NASA), Board Merite, the Médaille de l’Aéronautique, noise, communication, and vestibular perfor- Eligible Psychiatry, prior service US Army Medaille d’Honneur of the Health Department mance. His work focused on the interaction of Reserve, highly motivated candidate, expe- of the French Armed Forces, and the Medaille all types of mechanical energy with the rienced Medical Director, FAA AME, des Services militaires volontaires. human organism (the transmission, action, Research Experience, CV and references human physiological response, and percep- available, contact Bradford Ashley M.D., tion) and was published in over 160 scientific M.S., M.P.H., at [email protected] or New Members publications. He also pioneered work on ame- call 971-344-3769. liorating unwanted flight control inputs dur- Choy, Nari, M.D., Ulsan, Korea ing flight that are referred to as biomech-anical D’Amore, Michael, B.S., Bethesda, M.D. feed-through, or pilot-induced oscilla-tions, INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Giainnini, Anthony, Ph.D., D.A., M.A., Ed.M., and developed a series of lectures on “The Aerospace Medical Association Naples, FL Effects of Shock and Vibration on Man.” Kuhne, Michael, LT, MC, USN, Plainview, NY When the USAF was developing super- Corporate Members ...... 546 McBeth, Paul B., B.Sc., M.A.Sc., Calgary, sonic aircraft such as the F-108, XB-70, and B- Information for Authors . .Cover III Alberta, Canada 58 bombers that were to be equipped with Membership Application ...... ii McGurty, John A., CAPT, MC, USN, FS, ejection seats that encapsulated the pilot prior ETC ...... Cover IV Peekskill, NY to ejection, Dr. von Gierke provided sound,

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Thank You! Corporate and Sustaining Members of the Aerospace Medical Association

The financial resources of individual members alone cannot sustain the Association’s pursuit of its broad international goals and objectives. Its 78-year history is documented by innumerable medical contributions toward flying health and safety that have become daily expectations by the world’s entire flying population—commercial, military, and private aviation. However, support from private and industrial sources is essential. The following organizations, who share the Association’s objectives or have benefitted from its past or current activities, have affirmed their support of the Association through Corporate Membership.

Aeromedic Innovations Japan Airlines Air Canada Kelsey-Seybold Clinic Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Korean Air Force Safety Center (AFSC) Air Line Pilots Association Lifeport, Inc. AirSep Corporation Lockheed Martin Corporation American Airlines Martin-Baker Aircraft Company Ltd. Autoflug Libelle GmbH Mayo Clinic Aerospace Medicine Aviation Medical Center at UTMB MedAire, Inc. Aviation Medicine International Oregon Aero, Inc. (AMI) Inc. Pilot Medical Solutions Baxter Healthcare Corporation Price Waterhouse Coopers LLP Bionetics Corporation Royal Davy, Inc. Carleton Life Support Systems Inc. Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Comprehensive Health Services, Inc. South African Airways David Clark Company, Inc. South African Civil Aviation Authority Education Enterprises, Inc. SpecPro, Inc. Environmental Tectonics Corporation Stereo Optical Company, Inc. Essilor of America/Varilux United Airlines Federal Express United States Aviation Underwriters Gentex Corporation Universities Space Research International Federation of Air Line Association (USRA) Pilots Associations Harvey W. Watt & Company International SOS Assistance, Inc. Wyle Laboratories, Inc.

546 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 78, No. 5, Section I • May 2007