New Industries on the Back of Old Sheffield Advanced Manufacturing Sheffield City Region – Birthplace of Steel Industrialisation

New industries on the back of old Sheffield advanced manufacturing Sheffield City Region – Birthplace of Steel Industrialisation • England’s 4th biggest city • City Pop 525,000 • 2.1 million within commutable distance (1 hour peak time) • 300 km north of London • 2 hour train to London Sheffield City Region • 500,000 people employed in manufacturing and science in council areas within 40 miles • 14% of city employment (twice UK core city mean) London • Highest proportion of any core city Sheffield City Region – Birthplace of steel industrialisation • Steel industrialisation – Benjamin Huntsman Crucible Steel 1740 – Sir Henry Bessemer, Converter Steel 1856 – Harry Brearley, Stainless Steel 1912 • 70s decline driven by ‘command economy’ • 80s rise of special alloys 1860 – Cyclops Works produced more steel than the rest of Europe or North America* Image Circa 1855 Academic Expertise – Developed from 19th century technical collages The University of Sheffield • UK’s #1 Metallurgy University • UK’s #2 Engineering University • Significant expertise in manufacturing and materials The University of Hallam • Materials and Engineering Research Institute (MERI) 1900 – 1975 Growth with booms & busts 1970 and 80s – Critical industrial decline – Price fixing, unionisation, lack of investment • Nationalisation • ‘Price Fixing’ and ‘Product Fixing’ • English Steel Company – British Steel Corporation – Firth Brown – Vickers • Lack of Investment • Foreign Competition Partial survival of R&D, knowledge, skills, in addition to survival of plant and premises • A few world leading businesses kept going in all major subsectors of metals engineering – casting, forging, machining and fabrication • Universities kept producing quality graduates, postgraduates and research • Sheffield did not therefore, ‘de-heavy-industrialise’ like other UK cities. 1999 – ‘Eureka moment’ – Manufacturing is the City’s path to prosperity Advanced Manufacturing Park 2004 The AMP Today – Envy of the World Greatest Ever Potential • Nuclear AMRC • UoS Training Centre • Rolls-Royce • Other interest AMP Companies (a few of the 36) Sheffield – The UK’s leading metals engineering centre? Why is Sheffield now succeeding? • History, passion, identity, industrial and academic manufacturing leaders • Genesis and growth of an Advanced Manufacturing sector in the 80s and 90s • Partial Survival of R&D, Knowledge, Skills, in addition to Survival of Plant and Premises • The Advanced Manufacturing Park model attracted world leaders to the City, further developing skills and knowledge base here, put us back on the map and reinvigorated the manufacturing sector – they can and should be the best in the world. AMRC with Boeing Two spoke economic development vehicle Part 1 – Technology – Titanium machining Messier Dowty 787 Landing Gear Original time = 54 hrs Target time = 27 hrs Achieved time = 11 hrs Pintles - Airbus 380 Freighter Original time = 145 hrs Target time = 50 hrs Achieved time = 19 hrs OEM’s (Original Equipment Manufacturers) AMRC Model Research and Commercialisation Facility Tier 1 Members (£250k per year) Tier 2 Members (£30k per year) Nuclear AMRC Castings Technology International (Cti) World leader in special metal casting Specialist in ‘difficult to cast’ lightweight alloys TWI Yorkshire Technology Centre World Centre for Materials Joining and Surface Engineering Technology TWI Worldwide: • Independent R&T Organisation • 520 staff • €51M million turnover • >3500 industrial members in 70 countries Political Endorsement – PM cites AMP as the model for future economic development Joe Anwyl Head of Business Development Advanced Manufacturing Park + 44 7875 385803 [email protected].

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There's Metal in Those Hills Sheffield Was Once the Iron, Steel and Cutlery
There’s Metal in Those Hills Sheffield was once the iron, steel and cutlery capital of the world. The hills around Sheffield and Rotherham were full of raw materials like coal and iron ore that could be used in cutlery and blade production. Before we were Famous Sheffield and Rotherham became famous for manufacturing and production for four main reasons: crucible steel, stainless steel, electroplating and cutlery. Crucible Steel Benjamin Huntsman invented the crucible steel process. Before this process was invented, the quality of the steel was unreliable and slow to produce. Benjamin Huntsman’s invention allowed people to produce tougher, high-quality steel in larger quantities. Stainless Steel Harry Brearley began testing why rifles rusted and exploring ways to stop steel from rusting. He developed Stainless Steel which was much more rust resistant than the steel that had been used previously. Cutlery Sheffield and Rotherham have been connected to the production of cutlery since the 1600s. Sheffield was the main center of cutlery production in England outside of London. Sheffield became world famous for its production of high-quality cutlery. The moving story of Sheffield’s remarkable Women of Steel Yorkshire Post article 13th June 2020 The story of Kathleen, one of the last surviving Sheffield steelworkers from the war. When war broke out, the lives of the young women of Sheffield were turned upside down. With the men sent away to fight they had no choice but to step into their shoes and became the backbone of the city’s steel industry. Through hard graft and companionship in the gruelling, and often dangerous world of factory work, they vowed to keep the foundry fires burning.
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The Economic Development of Sheffield and the Growth of the Town Cl740-Cl820
The Economic Development of Sheffield and the Growth of the Town cl740-cl820 Neville Flavell PhD The Division of Adult Continuing Education University of Sheffield February 1996 Volume One THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SHEFFIELD AND THE GROWTH OF THE TOWN cl740-c 1820 Neville Flavell February 1996 SUMMARY In the early eighteenth century Sheffield was a modest industrial town with an established reputation for cutlery and hardware. It was, however, far inland, off the main highway network and twenty miles from the nearest navigation. One might say that with those disadvantages its future looked distinctly unpromising. A century later, Sheffield was a maker of plated goods and silverware of international repute, was en route to world supremacy in steel, and had already become the world's greatest producer of cutlery and edge tools. How did it happen? Internal economies of scale vastly outweighed deficiencies. Skills, innovations and discoveries, entrepreneurs, investment, key local resources (water power, coal, wood and iron), and a rapidly growing labour force swelled largely by immigrants from the region were paramount. Each of these, together with external credit, improved transport and ever-widening markets, played a significant part in the town's metamorphosis. Economic and population growth were accompanied by a series of urban developments which first pushed outward the existing boundaries. Considerable infill of gardens and orchards followed, with further peripheral expansion overspilling into adjacent townships. New industrial, commercial and civic building, most of it within the central area, reinforced this second phase. A period of retrenchment coincided with the French and Napoleonic wars, before a renewed surge of construction restored the impetus.
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South Yorkshire
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ARCHAEOLOGY DATASHEET 302 Steelmaking
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HMSNEWS Gill Juleff and Matthew Baker
Instrumenting an experimental Sri Lankan wind-driven furnace HMSNEWS Gill Juleff and Matthew Baker Historical Metallurgy Society In 2007 the Society’s Coghlan Bequest generously supported Matthew Baker, an Engineering student from 68 Spring 2008 Exeter University, who joined a team from the Archaeology Department at Exeter University, under the direction of Gill Juleff, travelling to Sri Lanka to Annual General Meeting carry out a second series of iron smelting experiments. Cambridge, June 2008 The funds awarded to Matthew were used to purchase thermocouples and scientific equipment to help record This year our AGM will be held in Cambridge on conditions within these highly efficient and unusual Saturday 14th June at the Scott Polar Research Institute. furnaces. The following report summarises the As usual the AGM will be held first to which all Monsoon Steel project and Matthew’s role in it, and members of the Society are welcome to attend. presents some preliminary results. A more Following the AGM we will have our usual Spring comprehensive account of the new experiments will be meeting of presentations and visits. published on completion of the full analysis of the data. Presentations will include: • Steve Walton, Penn State University, on Scientific In the early 1990’s research carried out in Sri Lanka Instruments uncovered evidence of a large-scale iron producing industry of the first millennium AD at Samanalawewa, • Robert Smith on Frobisher’s Gold. in the southern foothills of the Central Highlands. Extensive survey and excavations revealed that iron was We will also have the opportunity to see some of the smelted in shallow, elongated furnaces which were wonderful museums in Cambridge – The Scott Polar located at the tops of steep hillsides and were driven by Museum, The Fitzwilliam, the Sedgewick and the powerful dry monsoonal winds – a furnace design and Archaeological Museum.
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Sheffield City Council
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Benjamin Huntsman, the Quaker Inventor, Was Brought About by the O Record of His Invention in J
njamitt guttteman (1704*1776), of UR first acquaintance with Benjamin Huntsman, the Quaker inventor, was brought about by the O record of his invention in J. S. Fletcher's Sheffield, in the series " The Story of the English Towns " (London : S.P.C.K., 7^ by 5, pp. 128, 35. 6d. net). In the thirties of the eighteenth century, Huntsman was in business as a clock-maker in Doncaster, and it was the difficulty of obtaining suitable steel for his work that made him experiment in its manufacture. He also required finer steel for lancets with which he performed gratuitous and very successful surgical operations. He was looked upon as the " wise man " of the neighbourhood. In 1742 he removed to Handsworth and in 1772 to Attercliffe. Huntsman's main difficulty lay in discovering a fire-clay in which the bars or ingots of the bar iron or cement steel could be molten. No date can be assigned to Huntsman's final solution of the problem, nor does any record appear to exist as to the succession of his experiments [quoted in Sheffield from " Early History of Crucible Steel," 1894], Owing perhaps to a review of his work in a French book in 1764, Huntsman's steel found favour in France, while Sheffield would have none of it. But ere long his steel, exported to France, returned in the form of cutlery, which was pronounced better than the home made article. Upon this his fellow-manufacturers gave way and when he " moved his works to Attercliffe he was doing a big trade in his own neighbourhood." There are curious legends in Sheffield to this day as to how various folk of the town tried to rob Huntsman of the secret of his discovery.
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The Impact of the Iron and Steel Industry to Karabük and Sheffield: a Historical Background**
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Robert Sorby and Sons
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The Legend of Benjamin Huntsman and the Early Days of Modern Steel
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'One Great Workshop': the Buildings of the Sheffield Metal Trades
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The White Book of STEEL
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