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[ 2002 ] Part 1 Chapter 5 Europe and the Mediterranean 334 Political and security questions Chapter V Political and security questions Europe and the Mediterranean The Europe and the Mediterranean region regis- sage to all concerned to move forward with the tered important milestones in resolving its many decentralization process and promote inter- conflict situations and restoring peace and sta- ethnic reconciliation. bility in 2002, particularly in the countries of the Relations with the Federal Government in Bel- former Yugoslavia. Croatia and the Federal Re- grade continued to improve. In March, FRY trans- public of Yugoslavia (FRY), which successfully ferred a large number of Kosovo Albanian de- concluded their bilateral negotiations relating to tainees to Kosovo from Serbia proper, as well the dispute over the Prevlaka peninsula, signed as court files pertaining to the majority of the 10 December Protocol on the Interim Regime the remaining detainees. It also agreed to stop along the Southern Border between the Two financing parallel institutions, especially in States. That development allowed the United Mitrovica town. Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka, which Unfortunately, the situation in the Abkhaz re- had monitored the demilitarization of the penin- gion of Georgia continued to cause grave con- sula and neighbouring territories since 1992, to cern. The Georgian-Abkhazia peace process re- hand over responsibility for the area to the local mained stalled as the two sides failed to begin authorities of both countries and to withdraw in discussions of the paper on the Basic Principles December. The United Nations also successfully for the Distribution of Competences between concluded its mission in Bosnia and Herze- Tbilisi (Georgia’s Government) and Sukhumi govina, one of the most complex and difficult (the Abkhaz leadership), which was to serve as a UN police peacekeeping missions, which ended basis for substantial negotiations; nor was success on 31 December and was to be succeeded by the achieved in convening meetings of the Coordi- follow-on European Union Police Mission from nating Council, part of the United Nations–led 1 January 2003. Geneva peace process [YUN 1997, p. 365]. The situa- The Kosovo province of FRY continued to tion was further aggravated by the holding in make significant progress towards provisional March of “parliamentary elections” in Abkhazia, self-governance, and to promote inter-ethnic Georgia, which was condemned by the interna- reconciliation and economic and social recon- tional community, and the continuing tension in struction. The United Nations Interim Adminis- the Kodori Valley, created by the presence of tration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) began trans- Georgian forces there; some progress was made ferring authority to the provisional institutions in defusing that tension, however, through the of self-government. To facilitate a process that signing of two protocols designed to restore sta- would determine Kosovo’s final status, the Spe- bility to the Valley. cial Representative set benchmarks that had to be No progress was made towards a settlement of reached before that process could begin. Further the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan evidence of the continuing stability of Kosovo over the Nagorny Karabakh region ofAzerbaijan. was the successful holding of municipal elections In the Mediterranean region, there was re- in October. However, the divided town of newed optimism for a settlement of the Cyprus Mitrovica continued to present a number of chal- question. For the first time, the leaders of the two lenges, which led the Special Representative to Cypriot communities, Glafcos Clerides, Pres- put forward in October a seven-point plan for ident of Cyprus, and Rauf R. Denktas, the Turk- dealing with the situation there. In November, ish Cypriot leader, held direct talks with a view to UNMIK succeeded in establishing its adminis- reaching a comprehensive settlement. To help tration in northern Mitrovica town, thus bring- move the process forward, the Secretary-General ing the entire territory of Kosovo under UNMIK presented to the two sides in November his com- control for the first time. In December, the prehensive settlement proposal entitled “Basis Security Council sent a mission to Kosovo to, for Agreement on a Comprehensive Settlement among other objectives, find ways to enhance of the Cyprus Problem”, which he revised in De- support for the implementation of its resolution cember to bridge remaining gaps between the 1244(1999) [YUN 1999, p. 353], discuss the chal- parties. Further negotiations based on the Secretary- lenges faced by UMMIK and convey a strong mes- General’s plan were to resume in early 2003. YUN02—3rd page proofs May 24 2004 Europe and the Mediterranean 335 The Secretary-General therefore proposed The former Yugoslavia that the Assembly decide that Member States should waive their respective shares in the amount of $125,644,300 from the balance of ap- propriations, to be applied to the resources re- UN operations quired for financing the strategic deployment The United Nations continued efforts to re- stocks (see p. 63); credit the remaining balance of store peace and stability in the territories of the $8,293,700 to Member States; and continue to former Yugoslavia through its peacekeeping mis- suspend temporarily financial regulations 4.3, sions: the United Nations Mission in Bosnia and 4.4 and 5.2 (d) in respect of the remaining sur- Herzegovina (UNMIBH); the United Nations Mis- plus of $62,543,027 gross ($63,319,370 net) in sion of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP); and the the light of the cash shortage of the combined United Nations Interim Administration Mission Forces. in Kosovo (UNMIK). The Advisory Committee on Administra- The Security Council extended for a final pe- tive and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ), in its riod the mandate of UNMIBH, which included the April report [A/56/887], recommended accept- International Police Task Force (IPTF), until 31 ance of the Secretary-General’s second and December 2002 and that of UNMOP until 15 De- third proposals. With regard to his first pro- cember 2002. posal, ACABQ recommended that the Assem- bly take into account the funding arrange- Financing and liquidation ment set out in paragraph (f) of its resolution of previous peacekeeping operations 47/217 [YUN 1992, p. 1022] relating to the Peace- keeping Reserve Fund. UNPF and UNPF-HQ GENERAL ASSEMBLY ACTION In March [A/56/852], the Secretary-General, in On 27 June [meeting 105], the General Assembly, response to General Assembly resolution 56/265 on the recommendation of the Fifth (Adminis- [YUN 2001, p. 321], submitted a report for the 12- trative and Budgetary) Committee [A/56/978], month period ended 31December 2001 on the fi- adopted resolution 56/500 without vote [agenda nancing of the United Nations Protection Force item 146]. (UNPROFOR), which ended in 1999, the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Financing of the United Nations Protection Force, the United Nations Confidence Restoration Croatia (UNCRO), which ended in 1996, the Operation in Croatia, the United Nations United Nations Preventive Deployment Force Preventive Deployment Force and the (UNPREDEP), which ended in 1999—known col- United Nations Peace Forces headquarters lectively as the United Nations Peace Forces The General Assembly, (UNPF)—and UNPF headquarters (UNPF-HQ). Having considered the report of the Secretary- Troop-contributing Governments had been General on the financing of the United Nations fully reimbursed for troop costs and for contin- Protection Force, the United Nations Confidence Res- toration Operation in Croatia, the United Nations Pre- gent- owned equipment usage charges, except for ventive Deployment Force and the United Nations $18.3 million that remained obligated for the set- Peace Forces headquarters and the related report of tlement of outstanding claims for losses. As at 31 the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Bud- December 2001, outstanding claims for goods getary Questions, and services provided under letters of assist and Recalling Security Council resolutions 727(1992) of for death and disability amounted to $3.8 mil- 8 January 1992 and 740(1992) of 7 February 1992, in lion. which the Council endorsed the sending of a group of military liaison officers to Yugoslavia to promote The unencumbered balance of appropriations maintenance of the ceasefire, had increased from $174,743,027 gross ($175,519,370 Recalling also Security Council resolution 743(1992) net) to $196,481,027 gross ($197,257,370 net), due of 21 February 1992, by which the Council established to reductions of $21,437,000 from the cancella- the United Nations Protection Force, and the subse- tion of prior period obligations and of $301,000 quent resolutions by which the Council extended and for prior period adjustments; the cash balance expanded its mandate, was significantly less, however, at $174,550,000. Recalling further Security Council resolution 981 (1995) of 31 March 1995, by which the Council estab- Although the financial situation improved from lished the United Nations Confidence Restoration an operating deficit of $305,889,451to an operat- Operation in Croatia, to be known as UNCRO, ing surplus of $133,938,000, the funds available Recalling Security Council resolution 983(1995) of were still insufficient to credit the entire unen- 31 March 1995, by which the Council decided that the cumbered balance to Member States. United Nations Protection Force within the former YUN02—3rd page proofs May 24 2004 336
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