' DISPLAY COPY DO NOT REMOVE lUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas Compiled by The World Conservation Monitoring Centre ^"^^ tT^-riy ^, ^'i m -- 'v i ^M!W^'^^Il£'i f ^%~! "^r IV lUCN - The World Conservation Union Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from UNEP-WCIVIC, Cambridge http://www.archive.org/details/iucndirectoryofs90gree "1ob5 ..'v.,'-'^-^- ^°'*'' '«er»8Jm lUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas lUCN - THE WORLD CONSERVATION UNION Founded in 1948, lUCN - the World Conservation Union - is a membership organisation comprising governments, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), research institutions, and conservation agencies in 120 countries. The Union's objective is to promote and encourage the protection and sustainable utilisation of living resources. Several thousand scientists and experts from all continents form part of a network supporting the work of its six Commissions: threatened species, protected areas, ecology, sustainable development, environmental law and environmental education and training. Its thematic pro- grammes include tropical forests, wetiands, marine ecosystems, plants, the Sahel, Antarctica, population and sustainable development, and women in conservation. These activities enable lUCN and its members to develop sound policies and programmes for the conservation of biological diversity and sustainable development of natural resources. WCMC - THE WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE The World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) is a joint venture between the three partners in the World Conservation Strategy, the World Conservation Union (lUCN), the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the United Nations Environment Programme (IJNEP). Its mission is to support conservation and sustainable development by collecting and analysing global conservation data so that decisions affecting biological resources are based on the best available information. WCMC has developed a global overview database of the world's biological diversity that includes threatened plant and animal species, habitats of conservation concern, critical sites, protected areas of the world, and the utilisation and trade in wildlife species and products. Drawing on this database, WCMC provides an information service to the conservation and development communities, governments and United Nations agencies, scientific institutions, the business and commercial sector, and the media. WCMC produces a wide variety of specialist outputs and reports based on analyses of its data. lUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas Compiled by Michael J.B. Green World Conservation Monitoring Centre lUCN Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas With financial support from Norwegian Agency for International Development lUCN - THE WORLD CONSERVATION UNION 1990 Published by: lUCN-The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK. Prepared by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and published with financial support from the Norwegian Agency for International Development A contribution to GEMS - the Global Environment Monitoring System. ^ Copyright: 1990 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non- commercial purposes is authorised without prior permission from the copyright holder. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: lUCN (1990). lUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas. lUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. xxiv + 294 pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0030-2 Printed by: Unwin Brothers Woking, U.K. Coverphotos: Sundarbans, Bangladesh/India, Rangdum S. (proposed), India, Horton Plains N.P., Sri Lanka, by M.J.B. Green. Lalsohanra N.P.', Pakistan by Mauri Rautkari/WWF. Cover design by: Jo Taylor, lUCN Publications Services Unit Compiled by: Michael J.B. Green. Available from: lUCN Publications Services Unit 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 ODL, U.K. The designations of geographical entities in tiiis book, and the presentation of tiie material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of lUCN, WCMC or other participating organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword i Introduction iii Acknowledgements iv Managing information on protected areas at WCMC vii Information sheets: guidelines to their contents ix Infonnation sheets on protected areas systems ix Information sheets on protected areas xi References xv Annex 1 Categories and management objectives of protected areas . xvi Annex 2 lUCN threatened species categories xvii BANGLADESH 1 Map of protected areas of Bangladesh 6 Summary of protected areas of Bangladesh 7 Bhawal National Park 9 Char Kukri-Mukri Wildlife Sanctuary 10 Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary 12 Hail Haor Wildlife Sanctuary 14 Hazarikhil Wildlife Sanctuary 16 Himchari National Park 18 Madhupur National Park 20 Pablakhali Wildlife Sanctuary 23 Rampahar-Sitapahar Wildlife Sanctuary 26 Ramsagar National Park 27 Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary 28 Sundarbans East, West and South Wildlife Sanctuaries 31 Teknaf Game Reserve 38 INDIA 43 Summary of protected areas of India 54 PAKISTAN 69 Map of national parks of Pakistan 76 Map ofwildlife sanctuaries of Pakistan 77 Map of game reserves of Pakistan 78 Summary ofprotected areas of Pakistan 79 Askor Nallah Game Reserve 86 Astore Wildlife Sanctuary 87 Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary 88 Bund Khush Dil Khan Game Reserve 90 Chashma Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 91 Chassi/Baushdar Game Reserve 94 Chitral Gol National Park 95 Danyor Nallah Game Reserve 97 Drigh Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 99 Hab Dam Wildlife Sanctuary 101 Hadero Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 103 Haleji Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 105 Hawkes Bay/Sandspit Beaches 108 Hazar Ganji-Chiltan National Park 110 Head Islam/Chak Kotora Game Reserve 113 Indus River Game Reserve 115 Kala Chitta Game Reserve 117 Kalabagh Game Reserve 119 KandarDam 121 Kargah Wildlife Sanctuary 122 Keti Bundar North and South Wildlife Sanctuaries 123 Khabbeke Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 126 Kharar Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 128 Kheshki Reservoir 130 Khunjerab National Park 130 Kilik/Mintaka Game Reserve 135 Kinjhar (Kalri) Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 136 Kirthar National Park 139 Lai Suhanra National Park 144 Langh (Lungh) Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 148 Machiara Game Reserve 150 Malugul Dhand 152 Manshi Wildlife Sanctuary 154 Margalla HUls National Park 156 Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary 159 Nar/Ghoro Nallah Game Reserve 160 Nazbar Nallah Game Reserve 161 Nemal Lake Wildlife Sanctuary 163 Pakora Game Reserve 165 Rasool Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary 166 Satpara Wildlife Sanctuary 168 Sher Qillah Game Reserve 169 TandaDam 171 Tangir Game Reserve 173 Taunsa Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary 174 Thanadarwala Game Reserve 176 Zangi Nawar Game Reserve 178 Ziarat Juniper Wildlife Sanctuary 180 SRI LANKA 183 Map of protected areas of Sri Lanka 192 Summary ofprotected areas of Sri Lanka 193 Bellanwilla-Attidiya Marshes Sanctuary 196 Bundala Sanctuary 198 Chundikkulam Sanctuary 201 Flood Plains National Park 202 Gal Oya National Park, Senanayake Samudra Sanctuary 206 Gal Oya Valley North-east and South-west Sanctuaries 206 Giant's Tank Sanctuary 210 Hakgala Strict Natural Reserve 211 Hikkaduwa Marine Sanctuary, including Rocky Islets (Ambalangoda) Sanctuary 214 Horton Plains National Park 216 Hurulu Forest Reserve 220 Kalametiya Kalapuwa Sanctuary 222 Kokilai Sanctuary 224 Lahugala Kitulana National Park 226 Maduru Oya National Park 228 Minneriya-Giritale Sanctuary 232 Peak Wilderness Sanctuary 234 Polonnaruwa Sanctuary 237 Ritigala Strict Natural Reserve 239 Ruhuna (Yala) National Park, Yala Strict Natural Reserve 242 Seruwila-Allai Sanctuary 247 Sigiriya Sanctuary 249 Sinharaja National Heritage Wilderness Area 250 Somawathiya Chaitiya National Park 256 Tirikonamadu Nature Reserve 259 Uda Walawe National Park 261 Udawattekele Sanctuary 263 Victoria-Randenigala-Rantambe Sanctuary 265 Wasgomuwa National Park 267 Wilpattu National Park and Wilpattu North Sanctuary 271 Wirawila-Tissa Sanctuary 275 Yala East National Park 277 Geographical index 279 Taxonomic index 281 FOREWORD The Indomalayan Realm, corresponding approximately with tropical Asia, represents one of the biggest paradoxes in conservation. On the one hand, it extends over a number of densely settled nations, including three of the world's most highly populated (China, India and Indonesia), while, on the other, it supports perhaps the richest and most diverse biological communities on earth - moist tropical forests. The wealth of plant and animal species is due to many factors: great topographic diversity from sea level to the Himalayas, an enormously varied climate from the dry Thar desert to the world's wettest areas, and to plate tectonics which are responsible for the mosaic of shifting land masses and island archipelagos. The peripheral regions have gained much of their flora and fauna from the neighbouring cold Palaearctic, the hot, dry Afrotropics, and to a lesser extent from the Australian realm. But Indomalaya is the richest of these redms, at the heart of which Ues its tropical forests - the "world's rain forests of grandest structure and of probably greatest richness in both animal and plant life" (T.C. Whitmore, Tropical rainforests of the Far East, 1975). The most diverse ponion is Malesia, which is estimated to contain over 25,000 species of