Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006
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Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II Volume 11 Article 1 2006 Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006 Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation (2006) "Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006," Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II: Vol. 11 , Article 1. Available at: http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol11/iss1/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. et al.: Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006 Historical Perspectives Journal of History 2006 Published by Santa Clara University Lambda Upsilon Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta Editorial Board Courtney Maruda Darby Riley Faculty Advisors Professor David Skinner Professor Fabio Lopez-Lazaro Volume XI of Historical Perspectives is the sixteenth journal published by Santa Clara University's Lambda Upsilon chapter of Phi Alpha Theta. This edition continues the tradition of providing its readers with articles that reflect the caliber of student scholarship at Santa Clara. Published by Scholar Commons, 2006 1 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 11 [2006], Art. 1 Historical Perspectives Journal of History 2006 Published by Santa Clara University Lambda Upsilon Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta Editorial Board Courtney Maruda Darby Riley Faculty Advisors Professor David Skinner Professor Fabio Lopez-Lazaro Volume XI of Historical Perspectives is the sixteenth journal published by Santa Clara University's Lambda Upsilon chapter of Phi Alpha Theta. This edition continues the tradition of providing its readers with articles that reflect the caliber of student scholarship at Santa Clara. http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol11/iss1/1 2 et al.: Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006 Table of Contents Introduction Dedication Articles In Pursuit of Peace: Jane Addams and the Women’s Peace Movement Elaine Anderson .......................... 1 “Evil-looking, suspicious, [and] treacherous” or “Affable, liberal and friendly”?: How Franciscan Missionaries and Spanish Seculars Described California Indians, 1769-1792 Brigid Eckhart........................... 21 Reexaming Heresy: The Donatists Emily C. Elrod........................... 42 Wag or Be Wagged: The Chechen Wars and the Manipulation of the Russian Presidency James B. Hooper......................... 74 Elusive Matriarchy: The Impact of the Native American and Feminist Movements on Navajo Gender Dynamics Holly Kearl............................. 103 History’s Housekeepers: Gender, Museum, and the Historic Preservation Movement in Nineteenth Century America Devon Zotovich ......................... 136 Published by Scholar Commons, 2006 3 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 11 [2006], Art. 1 Table of Contents Introduction Dedication Articles In Pursuit of Peace: Jane Addams and the Women’s Peace Movement Elaine Anderson .......................... 1 “Evil-looking, suspicious, [and] treacherous” or “Affable, liberal and friendly”?: How Franciscan Missionaries and Spanish Seculars Described California Indians, 1769-1792 Brigid Eckhart........................... 21 Reexaming Heresy: The Donatists Emily C. Elrod........................... 42 Wag or Be Wagged: The Chechen Wars and the Manipulation of the Russian Presidency James B. Hooper......................... 74 Elusive Matriarchy: The Impact of the Native American and Feminist Movements on Navajo Gender Dynamics Holly Kearl............................. 103 History’s Housekeepers: Gender, Museum, and the Historic Preservation Movement in Nineteenth Century America Devon Zotovich ......................... 136 http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol11/iss1/1 4 et al.: Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006 consideration and express their gratitude to Judy Introduction Gillette for her indispensable work in the design and assembly of this journal. In the words of Oscar Wilde, “Anybody can make history. Only a great [person] can write it." As always, this year’s Historical Perspectives showcases the extraordinary research of students in Courtney Marunda the Santa Clara University History Department. Darby Riley Through demanding courses and attention from the Department’s dedicated and passionate professors, these students are well prepared to do exceptional work. The faculty’s expertise and support guides students to develop interests in a wide variety of critical topics. The entries for this year cover an extensive span of historical eras in both European and American history. Three of the authors examine a variety of feminist issues including women’s contribution to peace-making, the changing definitions of gender norms, and women’s roles in the preservation of history. Brigid Eckhart’s article deals with local California Mission history, utilizing primary sources unique to Santa Clara University. James Hooper tackles the complicated topic of Russian-Chechen relations, and Emily Elrod, dealing with the earliest period of all the selections, discusses religious heresy in the medieval era. The collection of papers for the 2006 Historical Perspectives captures the many interests and represents the high level of scholarship and critical analysis of the students in the History Department. The publication of this volume has been made possible by the sponsorship of the Lambda Upsilon Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta and particularly through the generosity of Mrs. Maria Damon’s gift to the History Department in memory of her late husband Duane. The editors would also like to thank all the students who submitted their fine research for Published by Scholar Commons, 2006 5 Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II, Vol. 11 [2006], Art. 1 consideration and express their gratitude to Judy Introduction Gillette for her indispensable work in the design and assembly of this journal. In the words of Oscar Wilde, “Anybody can make history. Only a great [person] can write it." As always, this year’s Historical Perspectives showcases the extraordinary research of students in Courtney Marunda the Santa Clara University History Department. Darby Riley Through demanding courses and attention from the Department’s dedicated and passionate professors, these students are well prepared to do exceptional work. The faculty’s expertise and support guides students to develop interests in a wide variety of critical topics. The entries for this year cover an extensive span of historical eras in both European and American history. Three of the authors examine a variety of feminist issues including women’s contribution to peace-making, the changing definitions of gender norms, and women’s roles in the preservation of history. Brigid Eckhart’s article deals with local California Mission history, utilizing primary sources unique to Santa Clara University. James Hooper tackles the complicated topic of Russian-Chechen relations, and Emily Elrod, dealing with the earliest period of all the selections, discusses religious heresy in the medieval era. The collection of papers for the 2006 Historical Perspectives captures the many interests and represents the high level of scholarship and critical analysis of the students in the History Department. The publication of this volume has been made possible by the sponsorship of the Lambda Upsilon Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta and particularly through the generosity of Mrs. Maria Damon’s gift to the History Department in memory of her late husband Duane. The editors would also like to thank all the students who submitted their fine research for http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol11/iss1/1 6 et al.: Historical Perspectives Vol. 11 2006 A Mass of the Resurrection was celebrated for Father Martin on Dedication February 11, 2006, in Mission Church. Father Liebscher gave the homily, which is reprinted below. Many of us here this morning have gathered in the past to mark milestones in Father Norman Mar- tin’s life—50 years a Jesuit in 1985, 60 years a Jesuit in 1995, then 50 years a priest in 1997. Last fall, with Father Norman’s health less robust, the Jesuit community arranged a subdued celebration for his 70th. anniversary in the Order. On those occasions, Norman managed to be the star of the moment and also to point toward greater things—to the ongoing work at Santa Clara, to the Jesuit apostolate, and to God. This morning, Father Martin gathers us for one more celebration, giving thanks for the 91 years of his life, more than 70 years in the Jesuits, and 58 years of service in the priesthood. We are here because Father Martin has touched our lives, directly or indirectly— touched us with his friendship, charm, wisdom, and kindness. Once again, Father Norman also points our minds toward greater things—toward the Eucharist and the God who has called him to eternal life. I first met Father Martin in the old Donohoe Infirmary during my own freshman orientation. My roommate had been injured playing flag football. Father Norman, seeing a light on at night, thought it a good time for a sick call.