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BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Sejak Beberapa Tahun Yang Lalu, K-Pop Dan K-Drama Berhasil Mengguncang Dunia Dengan Lagu

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BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Sejak Beberapa Tahun Yang Lalu, K-Pop Dan K-Drama Berhasil Mengguncang Dunia Dengan Lagu perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Sejak beberapa tahun yang lalu, K-Pop dan K-Drama berhasil mengguncang dunia dengan lagu dan kisah cerita drama yang menyentuh hati penonton.1 Lagu-lagu K-Pop berhasil menjuarai tangga lagu di dunia dan K- Drama telah merebut hati masyarakat di Asia, Amerika, hingga Eropa.2 K-Drama yang cukup dekat dengan realitas sosial penonton mampu membangun imajinasi hingga menciptakan emosi di kalangan penontonnya. Korea Selatan memang menjadi salah satu Negara dengan produksi soap operas terkenal di dunia yang biasa disebut K-Drama atau Korean Drama (drama Korea). Drama Korea (bahasa Korea: 한국드라마) mengacu pada drama televisi di Korea Selatan yang dibuat dalam sebuah format miniseri dengan jumlah episode berkisar antara 16 hingga 100 episode dan tentu saja diproduksi dalam 3 bahasa Korea. Banyak drama produksi Korea Selatan yang telah populer di seluruh Asia dan telah memberikan kontribusi pada fenomena umum dari Hallyu Wave dan juga "Demam Drama" di beberapa negara. 1 “International Reception Korean Drama”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_drama 27/04/2015/14.00 2 “List of Kpop on the Billboard Charts”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_K- pop_on_the_Billboard_charts 27/04/2015/14.00 3 “Korean Drama”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_drama 27/04/2015/14.00 commit to user 1 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 2 Secara umum, terdapat dua jenis genre dalam drama Korea, yang pertama adalah drama yang serupa dengan opera sabun di Negara barat.4 Drama ini biasanya melibatkan konflik terkait dengan hubungan antara ibu dan anak, percintaan, keluarga, permusuhan, dan sebagainya. Beberapa drama Korea dengan genre ini yang terkenal adalah Winter Sonata, Boys Over Flowers, Doctor Stranger, City Hunter, Man From the Star, Dream High, I Hear Your Voice, Kill Me Heal Me, Heirs, Yongpal, Healer, dan sebagainya. Genre yang kedua adalah drama bertemakan sejarah Korea Selatan yang biasa disebut Sae Geuk.5 Drama sejarah Korea biasanya melibatkan alur yang sangat kompleks dengan kostum yang rumit serta memerlukan set dan efek yang khusus. Sae Geuk memiliki banyak penggemar, tak hanya dari Korea, namun juga dari berbagai Negara, termasuk Indonesia. Berikut ini adalah beberapa drama Sae Geuk yang terkenal, yaitu Jumong, Queen Seon Deok, Dong Yi, Jewel in the Palace, Moon Embracing the Sun dan sebagainya. Di Indonesia, drama Korea mulai populer sejak drama Winter Sonata dan Endless Love tayang pada 2002 lalu di SCTV. Bahkan beberapa drama Korea dibuat versi Indonesianya, seperti Demi Cinta (2005) yang merupakan remake dari drama Autumn in My Heart, Kau yang Berasal dari Bintang yang diadaptasi 6 dari You Who Came From Another Star, dan lain-lain. Meski pun biaya produksi 4 Ibid 5 Ibid 6“Popularity of Korean Dramas in Indonesia”, https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aXutBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&lpg=PA24&dq=popul commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 3 drama Korea sangat tinggi, namun pendapatan dari tayangan drama Korea cukup menggiurkan. Salah satu drama dengan penjualan tertinggi adalah drama Pinocchio yang terjual sebesar US$280.000 per episode, atau sekitar Rp 3,5 milyar/episode kepada Youku Tudou, salah satu online broadcasting di Tiongkok.7 Drama ini berhasil mengalahkan rekor yang sebelumnya dipegang oleh drama My Lovely Girl yang terjual US$ 200.000 per episode, atau sekitar Rp 2,5 milyar per episodenya. Drama Pinocchio (피노키오) merupakan drama dengan genre drama romantis komedi dan juga keluarga. Drama yang tayang di Seoul Broadcasting Systems (SBS) sejak 12 November 2014 hingga 15 Januari 2015 ini merupakan drama yang diproduksi oleh SidusHQ. Jo Soo Won bertindak sebagai sutradara kembali bekerja sama dengan penulis Park Hye Ryun yang sudah menulis banyak drama terkenal dan kerap mendapatkan penghargaan secara nasional mau pun internasional, seperti dalam drama Dream High dan I Hear Your Voice. Kelihaian Park Hye Ryun dalam menulis naskah kembali dibuktikan melalui drama Pinocchio. Berdasarkan TNS Media Korea dan AGB Nielsen, 8 sebanyak 20 episode drama Pinocchio berhasil masuk The Top 20 Daily Show. arity+of+korean+dramas+in+Indonesia&source=bl&ots=PY- DEwT19A&sig=bv_q9sWjoZNsupNJuHynIhNppgA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KHjJVIixH8Lt8AX 30oGwCA&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=popularity%20of%20korean%20dramas %20in%20Indonesia&f=false, 27/04/2015/14.00 7Fitria Desriana, “Pinocchio”, Korean Drama, (Edisi Desember 2014 – Januari 2015) hlm. 9 8Asian Wiki, “Pinocchio” http://asianwiki.com/Pinocchio_%28Korean_Drama%29 10/03/2015/17.00 commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 4 Perolehan rating yang tinggi menjadi salah satu bukti bahwa drama ini memiliki banyak penggemar. Bahkan drama ini juga tayang di berbagai Negara di dunia. Di Tiongkok, drama ini tayang di situs Youku Tudou. Di Jepang tayang melalui EISEI GEKIJO, di Taiwan melalui ETTV dan bahkan Amerika melalui KBFD. Kemudian untuk Indonesia, Singapura, dan Malaysia, drama ini bisa dinikmati di ONE TV ASIA dan RCTI. Drama ini juga tayang di Filipina melalui GMA Network pada tahun 2015. Selain rating yang tinggi, drama Pinocchio juga berhasil mendapatkan banyak penghargaan di Korea, diantaranya adalah Hallyu Best Drama Award at Seoul International Drama Award, Best Actor at 27th Grimae Awards, Top Excellence Award, Actress in a Drama Special at SBS Drama Awards, Hallyu Best Drama Award at Seoul International Drama Award dan sebagainya.9 Popularitas drama Pinocchio tak perlu diragukan lagi. Setiap artikel tentang drama Pinocchio dipenuhi komentar dari penonton Korea Selatan dan Internasional. Penonton di Korea Selatan menyukai drama ini karena isi pesan dari drama Pinocchio menarik dan mengangkat permasalahan serupa yang terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang ada di Korea Selatan. Pesan dalam drama Pinocchio dinilai mampu mewakili aktualitas dan menjadi cermin kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini disampaikan oleh beberapa penonton melalui kolom 9 Ibid commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 5 komentar di website My Daily, Naver, Soompi dan Nate yang dikutip oleh Netizenbuzz, yaitu:10 1. [1.860, -163] I liked how they showed the reality of journalist and look at the name value of the pilot episode. 2. [407, -13] A good drama that showed the side of truthful journalists!!! Sad it’s the last episode but great work to everyone!!! 3. [+361, -18] A drama worth full points. It lacks nothing. The story, plot speed, the cast, it’s a perfect. It helps you reflect after each episode and gives you a chance to reflect on the various issues of our society in a different view. It was fun watching, great work to all. 4. [298, -5] This drama’s not only fun but it teaches you life lessons. Drama Pinocchio menceritakan bagaimana jurnalis dan media menyajikan sebuah berita. Realitas profesi jurnalis yang ditampilkan dalam drama ini cukup menarik dan mampu memberikan gambaran kepada penonton mengenai profesi jurnalis. Mulai dari cara jurnalis mendapatkan berita, menentukan berita layak tayang, melakukan wawancara, merekam kejadian peristiwa, dan beragam kegiatan jurnalis lainnya yang tidak diketahui oleh masyarakat awam. Seperti yang diungkapkan netizen di website Naver dengan jumlah upvote 1.860 dan downvote 163, bahwa drama ini menunjukkan realitas jurnalistik. Detail cerita yang dikisahkan dalam drama Pinocchio, disampaikan melalui adegan dan dialog serta hal pendukung lainnya seperti make up, kostum, 10 Netizenbuzz.blogspot.com 12/11/2015/17.00 commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 6 kondisi lingkungan, karakter tokoh, setting, lighting, dan sebagainya, mampu menunjukkan aktualitas dari kehidupan masyarakat. Penonton terhanyut akan cerita tentang kisah jurnalis dan media massa yang mengalami dilema dalam menjalani profesinya. Tidak hanya di Korea Selatan saja, tetapi penonton dari berbagai Negara termasuk Indonesia, turut merasakan bahwa pesan yang ada di drama Pinocchio merupakan refleksi dari kehidupan mereka. Berikut ini adalah beberapa opini yang disampaikan oleh penonton dari berbagai Negara, yaitu: Gambar 1.1 Screencapture komentar penonton internasional Netizen dengan username Lindsey, mengakui bahwa di negaranya yaitu Filipina, hal serupa dengan pengalihan isu terjadi. Namun, teknik pengalihan isunya berbeda. Jika di Korea Selatan isu politik akan ditutupi dengan isu skandal selebriti, maka di Filipina isu politik akan ditutupi dengan isu politik lainnya. Kemudian netizen dengan username Adis mengungkapkan bahwa di negaranya juga terjadi hal serupa dan dia menduga bahwa pengalihan isu memang terjadi dimana-mana, tidak hanya di Korea Selatan saja. Salah satu cerita dalam drama ini adalah adanya skandal artis yang dijadikan sebagai pengalihan isu. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menutupi kasus besar yang menimpa pejabat Korea Selatan. Cerita ini ternyata benar-benar terjadi di commit to user perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 7 Korea Selatan, terbukti dengan komentar yang diberikan oleh netizen saat berita korupsi pejabat ditutupi dengan munculnya skandal dating selebriti terkenal, 11 seperti yang dikutip Netizenbuzz, yaitu: Gambar 1.2 Screencapture komentar penonton Korea Selatan Di Indonesia, drama Pinocchio mendapat sambutan yang cukup baik. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan, hampir setiap penayangan drama Pinocchio, hashtag 12 #PinocchioRCTI selalu bertengger dijajaran trending topic twitter Indonesia. Penonton di Indonesia juga mengungkapkan opininya terhadap drama Pinocchio, seperti Nauveliawati Nur Al-Fathonah dalam Kompasiana.com, “Drama ini keren aja, bahkan tiba-tiba aku pengen jadi
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