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The Winter's Tale A NOISE WITHIN’S 2019-2020 REPERTORY THEATRE SEASON STUDY GUIDE William Shakespeare’s FEB. 9 – APR. 11 Edu Photo by Daniel Reichert. Frederick Stuart. STUDY GUIDES FROM A NOISE WITHIN A rich resource for teachers of English, reading, arts, and drama education. Dear Reader, We’re delighted you’re interested in our study guides, designed to provide a full range of information on our plays to teachers of all grade levels. A Noise Within’s study guides include: • General information about the play (characters, synopsis, timeline, and more) • Playwright biography and literary analysis • Historical content of the play • Scholarly articles • Production information (costumes, lights, direction, etc.) • Suggested classroom activities • Related resources (videos, books, etc.) • Discussion themes • Background on verse and prose (for Shakespeare’s plays) Our study guides allow you to review and share information with students to enhance both lesson plans and pupils’ theatrical experience and appreciation. They are designed to let you extrapolate articles and other information that best align with your own curricula and pedagogic goals. More information? It would be our pleasure. We’re here to make your students’ learning experience as rewarding and memorable as it can be! All the best, Pictured: Trisha Miller, Argonautika 2019, PHOTO BY CRAIG SCHWARTZ. Alicia Green DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION Special thanks to our Dinner On Stage donors TABLE OF CONTENTS who kept the arts thriving this year by supporting our Student Matinees (SMATs): Character Map ......................................4 Synopsis ...........................................5 SMAT PERFORMANCE SPONSOR ($5,000 AND ABOVE) About the Playwright: William Shakespeare ............... 7 Richard Green Barbara Lawrence Jeanie & Terry Kay Terri Murray Timeline of Shakespeare’s Life ..........................8 William & Priscilla Kennedy Richard & Sally Roberts Sheila & Alan Lamson Historical Context: Elizabethan Society ...................9 A Woman’s Lot: SCHOOL SPONSOR ($2,500 AND ABOVE) Bill & Clarie Bogaard Julie & Lance Markowitz The Roles and Rights of Women in Elizabethan Society ..... 11 Kathleen & Bruce & Valerie Merritt William Shakespeare’s Romance Plays ...................13 James Drummy Lyn Spector Sheila Grether-Marion & Lois Tandy A Tale Re-Told: The Source Material for The Winter’s Tale ...14 Mark Marion Liz & Rhodes Trussell Barbara Henderson A Change in the Weather: The Role of Seasons in The Winter’s Tale. 15 CLASS SPONSOR ($1,000 AND ABOVE) Molly Bachmann Eugene Kapaloski Themes ........................................... 17 Meg Huntington Cajero Thomas & Gloria Lang Justice and Injustice ............................... 17 Jack & Becky Doody Jay Lesiger Fred & Sandy Engler Cynthia Nunes & Jealousy ......................................... 17 Armando Gonzalez Barbara Nye Diane Grohulski Diana Peterson-More Honor and Loyalty .................................18 Schuyler & Gail Samuel & Deborah Hollingsworth William Christian Redemption and Forgiveness ........................18 Robert & Jennifer Israel Margaret Sedenquist Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale and the Denise Jay Tribune Direct Miranda Johnson-Haddad Vickie Taylor Transformative Power of Theatre ......................19 Molly Joseph Try Your Hand at Shakespeare ......................... 21 WORKSHOP SPONSOR ($500 AND ABOVE) Words Coined by Shakespeare ........................22 Robert Cathcart Elyse Klein Cecilia Center Bob Low, in honor of wife The Art of the Shakespearean Insult ....................23 John Cushman Anni Frandsen Low, Ken Booth Lighting Designer ..........................24 Julie Daniels Ph.D. Patrick Garcia Alan Miller Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale: Familiar and New ........25 Sandra Greenstein Julia Rodriguez-Elliott Selma Holo & Fred Croton Janet Samuel Garry Lennon Costume Design ........................26 David Holtz Deborah Strang Forsight Creations Donna Tucker, in memory Pre-Show Preparation: Research ....................... 27 Jim Kelly of Beverly Parks Tucker Pre-Show Preparation: Activities .......................28 Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Loretta Vigil Jason King Marianne Wallace Essay Questions ...................................29 David & Julia Zuckerman Additional Resources ................................30 BUS SPONSOR ($350 AND ABOVE) Wendy Alden Allan Mohrman Anonymous Scott Myers Julie Fox Blackshaw Norma Richman A NOISE WITHIN’S EDUCATION PROGRAMS MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY: Mary Hacker Edmund Roberts Ann Peppers Foundation The Green Foundation Ilona Linden Daniel Rothmuller Nancy Macky Chromatic Capital Group Companies Kenneth T. and Joan Mills Interactive Media Eileen L. Norris Foundation Michael J. Connell Foundation ADDITIONAL DONORS The Dick and Sally Roberts Ralph M. Parsons Foundation Jerry Gallagher & Jan Sanders Coyote Foundation Steinmetz Foundation Gerard Clarke Linda Saurenman Margaret Grossman Stuart Semigran The Jewish Community Dwight Stuart Youth Fund Margaret Koch Angela Conner & Foundation Irene Lacher Kevin Speaks Mark Nelson Sallie Strang 4 A NOISE WITHIN 2019/20 REPERTORY SEASON | Spring 2020 Study Guide The Winter's Tale CHARACTER MAP Leontes Hermione Polixenes King of Sicilia. He is married to Queen of Sicilia. She is married to King of Bohemia and longtime friend of Hermione and is a longtime friend of Leontes and is pregnant with her Leontes. He stays with Leontes during Polixenes. He quickly grows jealous of second child at the start of the play. a nine-month trip to Sicilia. the friendship between Hermione and Polixenes. Shepherd Perdita’s foster father. After finding Perdita abandoned in Bohemia, he raises her. Clown The shepherd’s son and Perdita’s step- brother. Mamillius Perdita Florizel Son of Hermione and Leontes. He is Daughter of Hermione and Leontes. Son of Polixenes and heir to the the heir to the Sicilian throne. Leontes believes her to be an Bohemian throne. He falls in love with illegitimate child and orders for her to Perdita. be left outside in the countryside on her own as a baby. She is raised by a shepherd in Bohemia. Antigonus Paulina Camillo A courtier in Sicilia, he is married to Lady-in-waiting to Hermione, she is A courtier in Sicilia and friend of Paulina. He is charged with abandoning married to Antigonus. She remains loyal Leontes. Despite Leontes’ wishes, Perdita when she is a baby. to Hermione throughout the play. Camillo saves Polixenes’ life and travels with Polixenes to Bohemia where he lives for sixteen years. Cleomenes Dion Autolycus A courtier in Sicilia. A courtier in Sicilia. A peddler, singer, and thief. He is a con man who attends a gathering at the shepherd’s home in Bohemia. 5 A NOISE WITHIN 2019/20 REPERTORY SEASON | Spring 2020 Study Guide The Winter's Tale SYNOPSIS Polixenes, the king of Bohemia, has been in Sicilia for made a false accusation. However, the sight of the child some time as a guest of the king, Leontes—the two are sends Leontes into a great fit of anger. Convinced that old and dear friends. Eager to see his wife and son as the baby is the illegitimate child of Polixenes, Leontes well as to attend to matters in his own land, Polixenes orders Antigonus, Paulina’s husband, to take baby into decides his stay must come to an end. However, when the wilderness and to abandon it. Antigonus reluctantly Hermione, Queen of Sicilia and Leontes’ wife, pleads that agrees. he delay his trip home, Polixenes concedes to stay in After Antigonus leaves, Leontes calls Hermione into court Sicilia for one additional week. to stand trial. In front of a panel of judges, Hermione Seeing the effect that Hermione’s persuasion has had on maintains her innocence. During the trial, the messenger Polixenes, Leontes begins to suspect that Hermione and who travelled to Delphos returns, carrying a scroll Polixenes are having an affair. Leontes then enlists his from the oracle that confirms Hermione’s innocence. friend, Camillo, to poison Polixenes. However, Camillo Unsatisfied with the oracle, Leontes decides to punish is confident that both Hermione and Polixenes are Hermione regardless. However, before he is able to innocent, and instead of poisoning the king of Bohemia, pass a sentence, a servant enters with the news that Camillo helps Polixenes escape Sicilia and travels with Mamillius, Hermione and Leontes’ first child, has died. him to Bohemia. Shocked at the news, Hermione faints and is carried out Desperate to know if there is truth in his suspicions, of the courtroom by her maids. Paulina soon returns to Leontes sends a messenger to seek advice from Apollo’s the courtroom to announce that Hermione, herself, has oracle in Delphos while he sends Hermione to prison died with grief. With this news, Leontes begins to see the for adultery. While awaiting trial, she gives birth to a falseness of his accusations and vows to spend the rest of baby girl. As she recovers, Paulina, Hermione’s lady-in- his life repenting. waiting, brings the baby to Leontes, hoping that the Meanwhile, Antigonus arrives in Bohemia with the baby. sight of the child will cause Leontes to realize that he has He names the baby Perdita and leaves her on the shore with a bag of gold and a box of documents that reveal her true identity. However, before he returns to his ship, Antigonus is chased and killed by a bear. Not long after Perdita is left on shore, a shepherd finds her. He and his son decide to rescue her and raise her. Sixteen years later, Perdita has grown into a young woman. She and Florizel, Polixenes’ son and the prince of Bohemia, have
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