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J Emmer Thesis
COMPARISON OF NARRATIVES: AMERICAN VETERANS OF THE VIETNAM WAR AND OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM By Janal J. Emmer At the heart of every person is a story, an account of a significant life event that is often hidden within the memory. When memories are written down, the past becomes a story, a style, a piece of literature. In this form, the personal narrative has two functions: a memory is information storage, communicating events across time and space; and second, memory recorded in a visual format allows people to examine it in a different way (Goff 59). The personal narrative itself floats somewhere between nonfiction and fiction, and finds a home amid the short story, novel, and autobiography. However, it resists these genres because memoirs generally lack a plot, climax, and ending. According to Don Ringnalda, in Fighting and Writing the Vietnam War, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between a memoir and a first-person novel because the lines separating fact, fiction, memory, and autobiography become blurred (Ringnalda 74). The personal narrative also negotiates with the historical document. Memoirs have sometimes been considered neighbors of history, and historians and memoirists have also been grouped together from a literary perspective. The testimony provided in personal narratives enters the historical domain when it provides information about specific historical events, but poses problems for historians because the elements cannot meet the test of historical accuracy (Hynes 15; Goff 186). According to Samuel Hynes in The Soldiers’ Tale: Bearing Witness to Modern War, “Personal narratives are not history; they speak each with its own voice, as history does not, and they find their own shape, which are not the shapes of history. -
Gm4~Qj6a SECRET (Unclassified Upon Removal of Enclosure (L))
DECLASSIFIED e. •28/rad 5750 gM4~qJ6a SECRET (Unclassified upon removal of enclosure (l)) FIRST ENDORSEMENT CG, III MAF ltr 3K/jld over 5750 Ser: 00110569 dtd 22 September 1969 From: Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific To: Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code A03D) Subj: Command Chronology for the period 1-31 July 1969 1. The subject chronology has been reviewed for completeness and is forwarded herewith. ~iG~~ • • R. D. WHITE By direction Copy to: CG, III MAF •••• • ••••••• • • ••••••• ••••••• ••• ••• ••••••• ••• ••• ••• • •••• ••• • •••• 2 ~ UNCLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED 28/rad 5750 UOLo07 SECRET (Unclassified upon removal of enclosure (l~qT 111969 FIRST ENDORSEMEN'l' CG, III MAP ltr 3K/jld over 5750 Ser: 00110569 dtd 22 September 1969 From: Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific '1'0 : COMnandant of the Marine Corps (Code A03D) Subj: Cor~and Chronology for the period 1-31 July 1969 1. The subject chronology has been ~eviewed for completeness and is forwarded herewith. R. D. WHITE By direction Copy t.o: CG, III HAF •••• • •••••• • •• • ••••••• ••••••• ••• ••• ••••••• ••• ••• ••• • •••• ••• • •••• 2 UNCLASSifiED DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS HEADQUARTERS ••III MARINE AMPHIBIOUS FORCE MILITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND. VIETNAM FPO. SAN FRANCISCO 96602 SECRE~ IN REPLY REFER TO: 3K/ jld 5~ S2 n 01] 0569 ~ SEP J969 SECRET (Unolassified upon removal of enolosure (1» Froma Commanding General Toa Commarviant of the Marine Co~s (Code A03D) Vias Commanding General, Fleet Marine Foroe, Paoifio Subja Canmand Chronology (U) Refs (a) MCO P5750.1A (b) FMFPaoO 5750.8A Enola (1) III MAP Command Chronology, July 1969 1. In accordance with referenoes (a) aM (b), enolosure (1) is eubmitted herewitho •••• • g~ ••••••• R. -
MARCH 1969 ·"Te\ F,$S\F\£Tl
DECLASSIFIED '".'. 'I :'·QNr.\~~.~;s\n[u, .\. ' . .. ".. I, , '~ '·"1., " " " i ", '" " . ,',' '\ ", .... DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED SECRET • • '~'1 G,'1-7;'2~7 .: COMMAND CHRONOLOGY l \ MARCH 1969 ·"te\ f,$S\f\£tl r.~90Rnon ,,- C.i'4,iI •. J DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED •• • 28/dj 5750 OUL035 Mt'.,',,< ,'3-; '"..", "'0(\9~", j F'1 t SECRET {Unclassified upon removal of enclosure (I)) FIRST ENDORSEMENT on CG, III MAF ltr 3K/jld 5750 Ser: 0056469 of I2May69 From: Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific 'f'" Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code A03D) Subj: Command Chronology (U) 1. The subject chronology has been reviewed for completeness and is forwarded herewith. ~~ .. ' R. D. WHITE By direction Copy to: CG, III MAF 2 •. 't.. DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED COMMANDING GENERAL • III MARINE AMPHIBIOUS FORCE • MIl.ITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND. VIETNAM FPO. SAN FRANCISCO 98802 IN REPLY "EFER TO, 3K/jld ~~;~ 0056469 SECRET 12 MAY 1969" SECRET (Unclassified upon removal of enclosure (1» From: Commanding General To: Commandant of the Marine Corps (A03D) Via: Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific Subj: Command Chronology (U) Ref: MCO P5750.1A FMFPacO 5750.8A Enc1: (1) III MAF Command Chronology, March 1969 1. In accordance with references (a) and (b), enclosure (1) is submitted herewith. \~L~\lR~~~. ROBBRT H. BARR<IJ Dr direction cOpy JL.J- OF Z COPIES ~ "~ DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED • • HEADQUARTERS III Marine Amphibious Force Military Assistance Command, Vietnam SECRET San Francisco, California 96602 COMMAND CHRONOLOGY 1 March 1969 - 31 March 1969 INDEX PART I ORGANIZATIONAL DATA PART II NARRATIVE SUlvUMRY PART III SEQUENTIAL LISTING OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS PART IV SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS UNCLASSifIED GROUP-4 Oownaraded at 3 year intervals; ENCLOS URE (1) Decla~SifiQd ufter 12 years. -
A Mini-History of Aviation Platoon, HHC, 1 Brigade, 101 Airborne
A Mini-History of Aviation Platoon, HHC, 1st Brigade, 101st Airborne Division July 1965 – January 1972 South Vietnam http://www.vhpa.org/unit/HHC1BDE101ABN.pdf Store: https://aviation-platoon-1st-brigade-101st-abn.my-online.store/ Compiled by Peter J. Rzeminski [email protected] C: (708) 421-5744 As of 1 January 2019 Eagle Patch, 1966-1967 Griffin Patch, 1968-1970 Deadbone Patch, 1970-1972 Mini-History: Aviation Platoon, HHC, 1st Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Vietnam July 1965 – January 1972); Compiled by Peter J. Rzeminski, 13417 Medina Drive, Orland Park, IL 60462, C: 708-421-5744, [email protected]; as of 1 January 2019 Table of Contents SUMMARY: this mini-history of the Aviation Section/Platoon, HHC, 1st Brigade, 101st Airborne Division in Vietnam is from an aviation unit’s viewpoint. ........................................... 7 History/Narrative .................................................................................................................... 10 101st alerted to send a brigade to Vietnam ........................................................................ 10 1st Brigade organic aviation assets arrive in Vietnam ........................................................ 12 The 1st Brigade (Separate) engages in several operations ............................................... 12 Tet Offensive ...................................................................................................................... 14 1st Brigade continues to engage in operations ................................................................. -
THE 101St AIRBORNE DIVISION's PACIFICATION of THUA THIEN PROVINCE, REPUBLIC of VIETNAM 1968
“A FAR MORE FORMIDABLE TASK”: THE 101st AIRBORNE DIVISION’S PACIFICATION OF THUA THIEN PROVINCE, REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM 1968-1972 A Thesis by EDWIN BROOKS WERKHEISER II Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2006 Major Subject: History “A FAR MORE FORMIDABLE TASK”: THE 101st AIRBORNE DIVISION’S PACIFICATION OF THUA THIEN PROVINCE, REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM 1968-1972 A Thesis by EDWIN BROOKS WERKHEISER II Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Approved by: Chair of Committee, Joseph Dawson Committee Members, James Burk Brian Linn Head of Department, Walter Buenger August 2006 Major Subject: History iii ABSTRACT “A Far More Formidable Task”: The 101st Airborne Division’s Pacification of Thua Thien Province, Republic of Vietnam, 1968-1972. (August 2006) Edwin Brooks Werkheiser II, B.S., United States Military Academy Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Joseph Dawson This thesis seeks to identify, describe, and analyze the tactics used by the 101st Airborne Division in the pacification of the Republic of Vietnam’s Thua Thien province from 1968 to 1972. Despite the larger calamity of the Vietnam War, the 101st developed an effective set of measures against the Vietnamese communist insurgency. These measures depended largely on the ability of the division’s lower-level units to attack the Viet Cong political infrastructure, provide security for Thua Thien’s population, and build effective South Vietnamese territorial forces in their areas of operation following the communist 1968 Tet offensive. -
R. L. REED II ~ [) Ii
DECLASSIFIED UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS • HEADQUARTERS III MARINE AMPHIBIOUS FORCE • MILITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND. VIETNAM FPO. SAN FRANCISCO eee02 IN REPLY REFER TO; !fi'rer,ufl h\~~~nrsfl~[ID l!ijL£~~~~J1b'1~esified upon removal of enolosure (1» From. Comma.nding General To. Cornma.ndant of the Marine Corps (Code A03D) Via. Commanding General, li'leet Marine Foroe, Paoifio Subj. Command Chronology (U) Ref. (a) MCO P5750.1A (b) FMF.PaoO 5750.8A Enol. (1) III MAF Coounand Ohronology, September 1969 1. In aoco1'danoe with referenoes (a) and (b), enolosure (1) is submi tted herewithe R. L. REED II ~ [) Ii. L CTJ 0N 9 ••1 r-' r.- ..<:"'--' I \;' 7 .' .' i' ; .. ) DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED • • .-----~_....... HEADQUARTERS III Marine AJDphibiouB Foroe Military A.ssistanoe Oomma.nd, Vietl18Jl1 WO San Franoi BOO 96602 COMMAND CHRONOLOGY 1 September 1969 - 30 September 1969 INDEX PART I ORGANIZATIONAL DATA. PART II NARRATIVE SUMMARY PART III SEQUENTIAL LISTING OF - SIGNIPICA:NT EVEN'l'S PART IV SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ENCLOSURE (1) ,,! •, 1 DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED '-------- • PART I • OlN.A,NIZATIONAL DATA 1. DESIGNATION 0<.!1HAlijlER III Marine AJDphibioU8 Foroe Lieutenant General Hexman l«OKEBSON Jr., U. S. Marine C011>8 1-30Sep69 D¥UTY 0OMM.ANl?ER Major General George S. BOWMAN Jr., U. S. Marine Corps l-30Sep69 SUBORDI NATE Ul«m XXIV C011>S Lieutenant General Melvin ZAIS, U. S. A.rm.Y l-30Sep69 3d Marine Division Major General William K. JONES, U. S. Marine Corps 1-30Sep69 lOlst Airborne Division Major General John M. WRIGHT, (Ai:J:lllobi1e) U. S. Army 1-30Sep69 1 st Marine Division Major General Ormond R. -
FMFRP 12-42 Professional Knowledge Gained From
FMFRP 12-42 ,, ProfessionalKnowledgeGained fromOperationalExperiencein Vietnam,1968 U.S. Marine Corps PCN 140 124200 00 DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY Headquarters United States Marine Corps Washington, DC 20380-0001 12 July 1989 FOREWORD 1. PURPOSE Fleet Marine Force Reference Publication (FMFRP) 12-42, Projessiona/ Knowledge Gained from Operation! Experience in Vietnam, 1968, is pub- lished to ensure the retention and dissemination of useful information which is not intended to become doctrine or to be published in Fleet Marine Force manuals. FMFRPs in the 12 Series are a special category of publications: reprints of historical works which were published commercially or by the U.S. Government Printing Office and are no longer in print. 2. SCOPE This reference publication complements existing training manuals on small- unit tactics, patrolling, weapons, mines and boobytraps, and leadership. Written by a multitude of Marines during the Vietnam War, this volume is an excellent compendium of lessons to be learned from the Marine Corps’ experience in 1968. It is enthusiastically recommended to all junior offi- cers, SNCOS, and NCOS who will profit from the principles presented. 3. CERTIFICATION Reviewed and approved this date. BY DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS -w4i!k& M. P. SULLIVAN Major General, U.S. Marine Corps Deputy Commander for Warfighting Marine Corps Combat Development Command Quantico, Virginia DISTRIBUTION: “ “!’1,,.$?“ TABLE OF CONTENTS Chanter Page I MARINES IN VIETNAM -1968 SUMMARY Introduction . ..o. .@. c ..OO, 1 Special Landing Force Operations . 8 Air Operations . ..c . ..c. ..OO, 9 Combined Action Program ● **,*,,* 9 Kit Carson Scout Program ● *****., 10 Revolutionary Development and Pacification, . ,. ..0,. -
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British Journal for Military History Volume 7, Issue 2, July 2021 Women as Turncoats: Searching For the Women among the Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War, 1966-1973 Stefan Aguirre Quiroga ISSN: 2057-0422 Date of Publication: 19 July 2021 Citation: Stefan Aguirre Quiroga, ‘Women as Turncoats: Searching For the Women among the Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War, 1966-1973’, British Journal for Military History, 7.2 (2021), pp. 184-188. www.bjmh.org.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. The BJMH is produced with the support of British Journal for Military History, Volume 7, Issue 2, July 2021 Women as Turncoats: Searching for the Women among the Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War, 1966-1973 STEFAN AGUIRRE QUIROGA* Independent Scholar Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT This Research Note explores the presence of South Vietnamese women as defectors and addresses the question of whether women combatants were employed by the United States as Kit Carson Scouts during the Vietnam War. Through fragmentary source material, it is possible to determine the presence of women who had fought for the People’s Liberation Armed Forces in every stage of the defection process. The existence of women Kit Carson Scouts is also proven, showing how the initiative and agency of women defectors led their employment but that the United States Army was reluctant to use them in combat. Starting in the fall of 1966, the Kit Carson Scout Program made it possible for South and North Vietnamese soldiers who had defected from the People’s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF, commonly referred to by the pejorative Viet Cong in traditional American historiography) and the People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN, or the North Vietnamese Army) to volunteer to serve together with United States and other ‘Free World’ forces during the Vietnam War. -
Unclassified Upon Removal of Enclosure (1))
DECLASSIFIED 28/rad 5750 002310 AUG 0,1 .sss SE CRET (Unclassified upon removal of enclosure (1)) FIRST ENDORSEMENT on CG, III MAF ltr 3K/jld 5750 Ser: 0086069 dtd 18 July 1969 From: Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific . To: Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code A03D) \~ Subj: Command Chronology for the period 1-31 May 1969 ....,.') 1. The subject chronology has been reviewed for completeness and is forwarded herewith. ~ ~ \S ~~ UNCLASSifiED ~ ~ ~ .... 2 ~ ,f) r I -- --- - -- - - - - - - -- DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS HEADQUARTERS ••III MARINE AMPHIBIOUS FORCE MII.ITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND. VIETNAM FPO. SAN FRANCI$CO eee02 IN REPLY IItI:f'ER TO: 3K!jld !,:~ ~~;~O 08 6 o69 18 JUL 1969. _ (Unclassified upon removal of enclosure (1) From. Commanding General Toa Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code A03D) Vial Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacifio Subjl Canmand Chronology (U) Refl (a) MCO P5750.1A (b) F.MFPaoO 5750.8A Encla (1) III MAF Canmand Chronology, May 1969 1. In acccrdance with references (a) am (b), enolosure (1) is submi tted herewith. .. .. UMCl~SS\f\tD Copy_i_of ~Copi6e L/~ DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED HEADQUARTERS III Marine AJnph1bious Force Mi1itary Assistanoe Command, Vietnam 1:'------_ WO San Franoisoo 96602 COMMAND CHRONOLOGY 1 May 1969 - 31 May 1969 INDEX PART I ORGAN! UTI ONAL DATA PART II NARRATIVE SUMMARY PART III SEQUENTIAL LISTING OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS PART IV SUPPORTING DOCm-rENTS ... ~ . ENCLOSlmE~. l' ,.' GF~OUP-4 1 DO'i!'1,pr'i>~1"rj cit 3 Y(\iT inter'vals: . , .. • .' • ~"'~ .",w Dl,c:l.~" \":,~' '\;J ,..~ years. .. • ;0 ." DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED • • PART I • ORGANIZATIONAL DATA 1.