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Section D SOCIETY Chapter 2h ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY General Anthropological Works 2370 Rona-Tas, A. "The birth of modern anthropology in Mongolia," Mongolia Society Bulletin 11:1 (1972), 5-12, illus. 2371 Aubin, Frangoise. "Anthropologie du nomadisme," Cahiers Intematioruxux: de Sociologie 56 (l97^), 79-90. Ethnic Groups 2372 Volpert, H. "Etwas iiber die T*u-jen, Ureinwohner von Westkansu," Anthropos 17-19 (1923-24), 553-556. Also includes samples of the T’u-j en language, i.e., Monguor. 2373 Buxton, L. H. Dudley. "The inhabitants of Inner Mongolia," Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 56 (1926), l43-l6l. Discusses the physical setting, religion, birth customs, wedding customs, physical anthropology and anthropometry. 2374 Montandon, George. "Ainou, Japonais, Bouriates," L*Anthropologie 37 (1927), 97-124, 329-354, 48 plates. A comparison of the Buriat Mongols with the Ainus and Japanese. 2375 Bounak, V. "Un pays de I'Asie peu connu: le Tanna-Touva," International Archives of Ethnography 29 (1928), I-I6, 5 plates of photos. Contains mostly ethnological information but also some description of language and geography. 2376 Findeisen, Hans. "Viehzuchter- und Jagervolker am Baikalsee, im Flussgebiet der Bureja und im Amurlande," Baessler-Archiv l4 (1930-31), 1-29, 15 photos. Comments on Buriats on pp. 5-9. 2377 Klemm, M. "Beitrag zur Volkskimde der Burjato-Mongolei," Baessler-Archiv 18 (1935), 99-129, 4l photos, bibliography. A contribution to the ethnography of Buriat Mongolia. 2378 Mortier, Florent. "Les Mongols," Bulletin de la SociHe d'Anthropologie 52 (1937), 52-61. Touches on Mongols in China, Mongolia, Russia, and Afghanistan. 2379 Bleichsteiner, Robert. "Mongolen," in Die grosse Volkerkundsj v. 2: Asien 229 230 Chapter 24 (Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1939), T1-T9, 7 photos, and in Die neue gvosse TdVkerkunde, v. 2: Asten und Ozeartien (Frankfurt: Herkul Verlag, 195^), T6-90, 3 photos. 2380 "The Mongol race in Manchoukuo," Contemporary Manchuria 3:3 (1939), 83-95, photos. The intent of this brief description of various "tribes" is to show how much they hate the Chinese. 2381 Montell, Gosta. "The Torguts of Etsin-gol," Jovimat of the Royal Anthro­ pological Institute TO (l9^o), 77-92, illus. 2382 Hudson, Alfred E., and Elizabeth Bacon. "Social control and the individiial in Eastern Hazara culture," in Language^ Culture and Personality (Essays in Memory of Edward Sapir) (Menasha, Wisconsin, 19^l), 239-258. 2383 Montell, Gosta. "As ethnographer in China and Mongolia, 1929-1932," in History of the Expedition^ Part 4 (1945), 327-449, 34 pi., 23 figs., 1 large folding map. 2384 Bacon, Elizabeth E. "The inquiry into the history of the Hazara Mongols of Afghanistan," Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 7 (l95l), 230-247. 2385 Hrdlicka, A. "An anthropologist in Russia. Ill: In Mongolia.fy Scientific Monthly 5 (l952), 397-417,. 2386 Bexell, Gerhard. "Some observations on the popiilation in the Wan-Shan," in Contributions to Ethnography^ Linguistics and History of Religion (1954), 23-39, 8 photo plates and 1 map. 2387 Iwamura, Shinobu, and H. F. Schurmann. "Notes on Mongolian groups in Afghanistan," in Silver Jubilee Volume (1954), 480-515, photos. Based on two surveys taken in 1954 among the Moghols of Herat and Maimana provinces and the Baghl^ area, this article contains some sociological and linguistic information. 2388 Thesiger, Wilfred. "The Hazaras of Central Afghanistan," Geographical Journal 121 (1955), 312-319, 9 photos, map. 2389 Cheney, George, and Robert Miller. "Ethnic groups," in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (1956), 102-120. 2390 Poppe, Nicholas. "Ethnic groups," in Mongolian People's Republic (1956), V. 1, 151-162. 2391 Posch, Udo. "Ethnic groups," in Northwest China (1956), 138-160. Brief remarks on the Mongols of Sinkiang, Kansu, and Chinghai on pp. 151-156. 2392 Gabori, M. "Urjanichaische Waldjager in der Nordwest-Mongolei und ihre archaologischen Beziehungen," Acta Archaeologica 11 (1959), 457-481, 7 plates, 5 illus. 2393 Rumyantsev, G. N. "Some problems of the ethnic origin of the Mongols and Buriats," Moscow, i960, 16 pp. (Papers presented by the USSR delegation Anthropology and Sootology 231 to the 25th International Congress of Orientalists.) 239^ ’’The American Kalmyks,” Mongolia Society Newsletter 1:1 (1962), 6-8. 2395 Schvirmann, H. F. The Mongols in Afghanistan: An Ethnography of the Moghuls and Related Peoples of Afghanistan. Leiden: Mouton, 1962. 435 pp.> 2 folding maps. (Central Asiatic Studies Monograph Series, v. 4.) Chap­ ters 3 and 4 (pp. 159-405) deal with the Moghuls. See also Appendix 3 for a sample of Mogol in transliteration and translation. Bibliography and glossary. 2396 Bessac, Francis B. "Culture types of Northern and Western China,” thesis (University of Wisconsin), 1963, 351 PP- CNot seen.] See also the author's discussion of "Cultunit and ethnic unit—processes and symbol­ ism,” in Morton Fried, ed., Essays on the Prohlem of Trite (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1968), 58-12. 2397 Dioszegi, Vilmos. "Ethnogenic aspects of Darkhat shamanism,” Acta Orien- talia (B) 16 (1963), 55-81. Many photos. 2398 Kozlov, P. K. (tr. D. C. Montgomery). "The Mongolian Altai and the Mon­ gols,” Mongolia Society Newsletter 2 (1963), 32-35- 2399 Ferdinand, Klaus. "Ethnographical notes on Chahar aimaq., Hazara and Mo- ghol,” Acta Orientalia 28 (1964), 175-204, 6 pi., bibliography. This is a review article on H. F. Schurmann's The Mongols of Afghanistan (see entry 2395). 2400 Trippner, Josef. "Die Salaren, ihre ersten Glaubensstreitigkeiten und ihr Aufstand 1781,” Central Asiatic Journal 9 (1964), 241-276. Discusses their name, origin, family chronicles, and social organization. » 2401 Konig, Wolfgang. "Ethnographische Beobachtungen bei den Dzachcin in der mongolischen Volksrepublik (Kobdo-aimak, Manchan-summun),” Jahrhuch des Museums fUr Vdlkerkunde 21 (1965), 91-110. Ethnographic observa­ tions among the Zakhchins based on a study tour in August and September, 1963. 2402 Aubin, Frangoise. "Une societe d'emigres: la colonie des Kalmoioks de France,” L'Annee Sociologique 17 (1966), 133-212. 2403 Hartwig, Werner. "Ethnographica der Chalcha und Burjaten (Mongolische Volksrepublik),” Jahrhuch des Museums fur Volkerkunde 22 (1966), 112- 188. Based on an expedition in July-October, I96I in the Central aimag, this article is extremely informative with 200 illustrations and two maps. 2404 Hubei, Paula G. The Kalmyk Mongols: A Study in Continuity and Change. Bloomington, Indiana, I967. 282 pp. (Uralic and Altaic Series, v. 64.) Based on interviews with Kalmyks in the United States in 196O-61. 2405 Zhamtsarano, Ts. (tr. Larry Moses). "The Bayat Mongols,” Mongolia Society Bulletin 6 (1967), 71-72. 2406 Zhamtsarano, Ts. (tr. Larry Moses). "Khotons, the Muslims of Mongolia,” Mongolia Society Bulletin 6 (1967), ll-l4. 232 Chapter 24 2U0T Zhamtsarano, Ts. (tr. Larry Moses). "The Ogelet Mongols,” Mongolia So­ ciety Bulletin 7 (1968), 20-23. 2J+O8 Hamayon, Roberta. ”Mongo;).s: hommes et langues,” Etudes Mongoles 1 (19T0), 9-51» map; 2 (l9Tl)» 233-234. Excellent source of ethnological and lin­ guistic information for all groups in the Mongolian People’s Republic. Bibliography. 2409 Serruys, Henry. "Yellow hair and red hats in Mongolia,” Central Asiatic Journal 15 (l97l), 131-155* About a Mongol tribe mentioned in Chinese records as huang-mao ^ ^tj • 2UlO "The Daurs (Dagurs)," Mongolia Society Bulletin 12 (1973), 71-85- 2411 §ima, Jiri (adapted by Frangoise Aubin). "A propos de la colonie kalmouke de Tchecoslovaquie," Etudes Mongoles 4 (1973), l8l-l89- 2412 Jernakov, V. N. "Dagurs in Northeast China," Zentralasiatische Studien 8 (1974), 407-422, photos. See also entries 125, 358, 401, 1299, 1338, 2206, 2301, 2655, 2751, and 2771 Physical Anthropology 2413 Mannerheim, C. G. E. "A visit to the Saro and Shera Yogurs," Journal de la Soci'ete Finno-Ougrienne 27:2 (1911-12), 72 pp., 33 figs., 5 pl-, 1 fold­ ing map. Provides table of anthropological measijrements and a list of Uighur words. 2414 Bonin, Gerhardt von. "Mongolism and Mongolian traits," Man 27 (1927), 27-29 2415 Kojeuroff, George P. "Some contributions to the anthropology of the Bur­ iats," Journal of the North China Branch 58 (1927), 142-157- 2416 Bushmakin, N- "Characteristics of the brain of the Mongol race," American Journal of Physical Anthropology 12 (1928), 221-243, 5 photos, bibliog­ raphy. Author was professor at the Institute of Anatomy, Irkutsk Uni­ versity. 2417 Cameron, J. "Correlations between cranial capacity and cranial length, breadth and height as studied in the Mongol crania. United States National Museum," American Journal of Physical Anthropology 12 (1928), 280-289, 11 tables. 2418 Michelson, Tr\aman. "Notes on Mongolian craniology," Human Biology 1 (1929), 421-423. 2419 Jettmar, H. M. "Blutgruppenuntersuchungen in der Nordostmongolei und der Nordmandschurei," Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft 60 (1930), 39-47, tables. Investigation of blood types in Northeastern Mongolia and Northern Manchuria. 2420 Stefko, W. H. "Recherches sur la morphologic du cerveau des Mongoles," Anthropologie (Praha) 12 (1934), 6-26, plates, tables. Study of brain structure. Anthropology and Sociology 233 2i+21 Stefko, W. H. "Morphologie comparee du cerveau de nouveaux-nes mongoles,” Anthropologie (Praha) 12 (193^), 127-1^2, 3 tables. Comparative mor­ phology of the brain of newborns. 2U22 Petri, Helmut. "Ein Mongolenschadel aus Urga,” Mitteilungen dev Anthro- pologisahen Gesellsohaft 65 (1935), ^7-50, 5 illus. A Mongol
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    The Middle Ages Each civilization that you will study in this unit made important contributions to history. • The Chinese first produced gunpowder, the compass, and printed books. • The Japanese developed a constitutional government and new forms of art and poetry. • The Europeans took the first steps toward representative government. A..D.. 300300 A..D 450 A..D 600 A..D 750 A..DD 900 China in the c. A.D. 590 A.D.683 Middle Ages Chinese Middle Ages figurines Grand Empress Wu Canal links begins rule Ch 4 apter northern and southern China Medieval c. A.D. 400 A.D.631 Horyuji JapanJapan Yamato clan Prince Shotoku temple Chapter 5 controls writes constitution Japan Medieval A.D. 496 A.D. 800 Europe King Clovis Pope crowns becomes a Charlemagne Ch 6 apter Catholic emperor Statue of Charlemagne Medieval manuscript on horseback 244 (tl)The British Museum/Topham-HIP/The Image Works, (c)Angelo Hornak/CORBIS, (bl)Ronald Sheridan/Ancient Art & Architecture Collection, (br)Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY 0 60E 120E 180E tecture Collection, (bl)Ron tecture Chapter Chapter 6 Chapter 60N 6 4 5 0 1,000 mi. 0 1,000 km Mercator projection EUROPE Caspian Sea ASIA Black Sea e H T g N i an g Hu JAPAN r i Eu s Ind p R Persian u h . s CHINA r R WE a t Gulf . e PACIFIC s ng R ha Jiang . C OCEAN S le i South N Arabian Bay of China Red Sea Bengal Sea Sea EQUATOR 0 Chapter 4 ATLANTIC Chapter 5 OCEAN INDIAN Chapter 6 OCEAN Dahlquist/SuperStock, (br)akg-images (tl)Aldona Sabalis/Photo Researchers, (tc)National Museum of Taipei, (tr)Werner Forman/Art Resource, NY, (c)Ancient Art & Archi NY, Forman/Art Resource, (tr)Werner (tc)National Museum of Taipei, (tl)Aldona Sabalis/Photo Researchers, A..D 1050 A..D 1200 A..D 1350 A..D 1500 c.
  • Scanned Using Book Scancenter 5033

    Scanned Using Book Scancenter 5033

    I HISTORICAL PROLOGUE The Land and the People Demchugdongrob, commonly known as De Wang (Prince De in Chinese), was a thirty-first generation descendant of Chinggis Khan and the last ruler of Mongolia from the altan urag, the Golden Clan of the Chinggisids. The only son of Prince Namjilwang- chug, Demchugdongrob was bom in the Sunid Right Banner of Inner Mongolia in 1902 and died in Hohhot, the capital of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, in 1966. The Sunid was one of the tribes that initially supported Chinggis Khan (r. 1206- 1227). In the sixteenth century, Dayan Khan reunified Mongolia and put this tribe under the control of his eldest son, Torubolod. Thereafter, the descendants of Torubolod be­ came the rulers not only of the Sunid but also of the Chahar (Chakhar), Ujumuchin, and Khauchid tribes. The Chahar tribe was always under the direct control of the khan him­ self During the Manchu domination, the Sunid was divided into the Right Flank and Left Flank Banners, and both were part of the group of banners placed under the Shilingol League. During the first half of the seventeenth century, the Manchus expanded to the southern parts of Manchuria and began to compete with the Ming Chinese. Realizing the danger in the rise of the Manchus, Ligdan Khan, the last Mongolian Grand Khan, aban­ doned his people ’s traditional hostility toward the Chinese and formed an alliance with the Ming court to fight the Manchus. Although this policy was prudent, it was unaccept­ able to most Mongolian tribal leaders, who subsequently rebelled and joined the Manchu camp.