DOCSLIB.ORG

Thesis Submitted for the Fulfillment of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Science in Botany

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

i AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE GROWTH STRATEGIES AND SPREAD OF AN INVASIVE EXOTIC PLANT, PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS L. IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN Thesis submitted for the Fulfillment of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Science in Botany 12 Bot - P h D - 2 0 0 5 DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY GOVERNMENT COLLEGE UNIVERSITY LAHORE, PAKISTAN 2012 ii AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE GROWTH STRATEGIES AND SPREAD OF AN INVASIVE EXOTIC PLANT, PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS L. IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN Submitted by: Seemal Vehra Roll No: 12-PhD- 2005 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Amin U. Khan Director, Sustainable Development Study Center Government College University, Lahore DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY GOVERNMENT COLLEGE UNIVERSITY LAHORE, PAKISTAN 2012 iii A THESIS ENTITLED AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE GROWTH STRATEGIES AND SPREAD OF AN INVASIVE EXOTIC PLANT, PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS L. IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN Submitted to Government College University, Lahore, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Science IN BOTANY BY SEEMAL VEHRA ROLL NO: 12-PHD- 2005 DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY GOVERNMENT COLLEGE UNIVERSITY LAHORE, PAKISTAN 2012 iv CERTIFICATE It is certified that the research conducted in this thesis titled, An Investigation into the growth strategies and spread of an invasive exotic plant, Parthenium hysterophorus L. in Punjab, Pakistan has been carried out and completed by Seemal Vehra Roll No: 12-PhD- 2005 under my supervision during her PhD studies. Supervisor Date: _______________________ Prof. Dr. Amin U. Khan Director, Sustainable Development Study Center Government College University, Lahore Submitted through _______________________ ______________________ Prof. Dr. Zaheer ud din Khan Controller of Examinations Chairman Government College University Department of Botany Lahore Government College University, Lahore v DECLARATION I, Seemal Vehra Roll No: 12-PhD- 2005, student Doctor of Philosophy of Science in the subject of Botany, session, hereby declare that the matter printed in the thesis titled, An Investigation into the growth strategies and spread of an invasive exotic plant, Parthenium hysterophorus L. in Punjab, Pakistan, is my own work and has not been printed, published and submitted as session work, thesis or publication in any form, in any university, research institution etc. in Pakistan or abroad. Dated: _________ SEEMAL VEHRA Signature of deponent vi PAGE CONTENTS NO List of Tables ix List of Figures xii List of Plates xvii List of Abbreviations xv Acknowledgment xix Abstract xxi CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER II– REVIEW OF LITERATURE 10 2.1 Weed status of Parthenium hysterophorus 11 2.2 Biology of Parthenium hysterophorus 11 2.3 Plant Profile for Parthenium hysterophorus 14 2.4 Description of the plant 15 2.5 Native Range 17 2.6 History of introduction of Parthenium hysterophorus 17 2.7 Global distribution of Parthenium hysterophorus 18 2.8 Distribution of Parthenium hysterophorus in Pakistan 19 2.9 Ecology and growth strategies of Parthenium hysterophorus 20 2.10 Uses of Parthenium hysterophorus 26 2.11 Negative impacts of Parthenium hysterophorus 27 2.12 Management strategies of Parthenium hysterophorus 32 2.13 Efforts to combat spread of alien invasive species 37 CHAPTER III COMPETITION EXPERIMENTS 40 Replacement Series Experiment 40 Materials and Method 42 3.1.1 Site of the experiment 42 3.1.2 Plant species under study 42 3.1.3 Collection of seeds 3.1 43 vii 3.1.4 Schedule for the Replacement Series Experiment 43 3.1.5 Stock plants for investigation 43 3.1.6 Harvest 43 3.1.7 Design of Replacement Series Experiments 44 3.1.8 Estimation of competitive ability 44 3.1.9 Indices of competitive ability 45 3.1.10 Statistical analysis 47 Results 47 3.2.1 Interpretation on the basis of Absolute Yield (dry weight) 47 3.2.2 Interpretation on the basis of Root/Shoot ratios 57 3.2 3.2.3 Interpretation on the basis of Relative yield and Relative yield 62 Total (RYT) 3.2.4 Interpretation on the basis of Relative Crowding Coefficient 71 (K) 3.2.5 Interpretation of the replacement diagrams 80 Discussion 89 Comparison of the Root: Shoot Ratio (R:S) 89 3.3 3.3.1 Ranking of competitiveness on the basis of competition 3.3.2 indices 92 CHAPTER IV RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY 95 4.1 Study area 95 4.2 Objective of the reconnaissance survey 98 4.3 Methodology 98 4.4 Results and Discussion 99 CHAPTER V PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY 105 Materials and Method 105 5.1.1 Field Survey 105 5.1 5.1.2 Assessment Techniques 105 5.1.3 Statistics 113 Results 113 Correlation between Cover, Biomass and soil moisture 5.2 5.2.1 113 content 5.2.2 Visual Cover Estimation 113 5.2.3 Biomass Determination 126 viii 5.2.4 Soil textural analysis 132 5.2.5 Importance Value Index 137 5.2.6 Phenological study 140 5.3 Discussion 146 CHAPTER VI COMMUNITY PERCEPTION ABOUT THE PREVALENCE AND IMPACT OF PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS 6.1 Methodology 150 6.2 Results 151 6.2.1 Response by urban residents 152 6.2.2 Response by rural residents 157 6.2.3 Response by Farmers 162 6.2.4 Response by Foresters 169 6.2.5 Response by Florists 175 6.3 Discussion 183 CHAPTER VII GENERAL DISCUSSION 185 CHAPTER VIII REFERENCES 191 APPENDICES 212 ix LIST OF TABLES PAGE SR. NO DESCRIPTION NO Average dry weights of shoots, roots and whole plants of Table No.3.1 C. album and P. hysterophorus at corresponding relative 49 planting frequencies in Replacement Series Experiment Average dry weights of shoots, roots and whole plants of Table No.3.2 K. indica and P. hysterophorus at corresponding 50 relative planting frequencies in Replacement Series Experiment. Average dry weights of shoots, roots and whole plants Table No.3.3 of Cannabis sativa and P. hysterophorus at 52 corresponding relative planting frequencies in Replacement Series Experiment Average dry weights of shoots, roots and whole plants Table No.3.4 of Amaranthus viridis and P. hysterophorus at 53 corresponding relative planting frequencies in Replacement Series Experiment Average Dry weights of shoots, roots and whole plants Table No.3.5 of Cassia occidentalis and P. hysterophorus at 55 corresponding relative planting frequencies in Replacement Series Experiment Average dry weights of shoots, roots and whole plants Table No.3.6 of Setaria glauca and P. hysterophorus at 56 corresponding relative planting frequencies in Replacement Series Experiment Table No.3.7 Root/shoot ratio of dry weights of C. album vs P. 59 hysterophorus and in Replacement Series Experiment Table No.3.8 Root/shoot ratio of dry weights of K. indica vs P. 59 hysterophorus in Replacement Series Experiment Average Root/shoot ratio of dry weights of Cannabis Table No.3.9 sativa vs P. hysterophorus in Replacement Series 60 Experiment. Average Root/shoot ratio of dry weights of Amaranthus Table No.3.10 viridis vs P. hysterophorus in Replacement Series 60 Experiment Average Root/shoot ratio of dry weights of Cassia Table No.3.11 occidentalis vs P. hysterophorus in Replacement Series 61 Experiment Table No. 3.12 Average Root/shoot ratio of dry weights of S. glauca vs 61 P. hysterophorus in Replacement Series Experiment Relative Yields of C. album (rc) and P. hysterophorus (rp) Table No. 3.13 and Relative Yield Total (RYT) in corresponding plant 63 frequencies Relative Yields of K. indica (rk) and P. hysterophorus Table No. 3.14 (rp) and Relative Yield Total (RYT) in corresponding 64 plant frequencies x Relative Yields of Cannabis sativa (rcs ) and P. Table No. 3.15 hysterophorus (rp) and Relative Yield Total (RYT) in 66 corresponding plant frequencies Relative Yields of Amaranthus viridis(rav ) and P. Table No. 3.16 hysterophorus (rp) and Relative Yield Total (RYT) in 67 corresponding plant frequencies Relative Yields of Cassia occidentalis (rco ) and P. Table No. 3.17 hysterophorus (rp) and Relative Yield Total (RYT) in 69 corresponding plant frequencies Relative Yields of S. glauca (r s ) and P. hysterophorus Table No. 3.18 (rp) andRelative Yield Total (RYT) in corresponding 70 plant frequencies Table No.3.19 Relative Crowding Coefficients of C. album (kc) and P. 72 hysterophorus (kp) and their product Table No. 3.20 Relative Crowding Coefficients of K. indica (kk) and P. 73 hysterophorus (kp) and their product Table No. 3.21 Relative Crowding Coefficients of Cannabis sativa 75 (kcs) and P. hysterophorus (kp) and their product Table No. 3.22 Relative Crowding Coefficients of Amaranthus viridis 76 (kav) and P. hysterophorus (kp) and their product Table No. 3.23 Relative Crowding Coefficients of Cassia occidentalis 78 (kco) and P. hysterophorus (kp) and their product. Table No. 3.24 Relative Crowding Coefficients of S. glauca (ksg) and 79 P. hysterophorus (kp) and their product Table No. 3.25 Crowding Coefficients of P. hysterophorus and six 92 common co- occurring species Table No. 4.1 Presence of P. hysterophorus in the three zones 104 Table No. 5.1 Soil moisture content ; Cover and Biomass of P. 116 hysterophorus in District Jhelum Table No. 5.2 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 116 hysterophorus in District Gujrat Table No. 5.3 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 117 hysterophorus in District Sialkot Table No. 5.4 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 117 hysterophorus in District Narowal Table No. 5.5 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 118 hysterophorus in District Gujranwala Table No. 5.6 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 118 hysterophorus in District Sargodha Table No. 5.7 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 119 hysterophorus in District Sheikhupura Table No. 5.8 Soil moisture content; Cover and Biomass of P. 119 hysterophorus in District Nankana Table No.
Recommended publications
  • Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae

    Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae

    SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NCTMBER 52 Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae Harold Robinson, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, andJames F. Weedin SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1981 ABSTRACT Robinson, Harold, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, and James F. Weedin. Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae. Smithsonian Contri- butions to Botany, number 52, 28 pages, 3 tables, 1981.-Chromosome reports are provided for 145 populations, including first reports for 33 species and three genera, Garcilassa, Riencourtia, and Helianthopsis. Chromosome numbers are arranged according to Robinson’s recently broadened concept of the Heliantheae, with citations for 212 of the ca. 265 genera and 32 of the 35 subtribes. Diverse elements, including the Ambrosieae, typical Heliantheae, most Helenieae, the Tegeteae, and genera such as Arnica from the Senecioneae, are seen to share a specialized cytological history involving polyploid ancestry. The authors disagree with one another regarding the point at which such polyploidy occurred and on whether subtribes lacking higher numbers, such as the Galinsoginae, share the polyploid ancestry. Numerous examples of aneuploid decrease, secondary polyploidy, and some secondary aneuploid decreases are cited. The Marshalliinae are considered remote from other subtribes and close to the Inuleae. Evidence from related tribes favors an ultimate base of X = 10 for the Heliantheae and at least the subfamily As teroideae. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllumjaponicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Chromosome numbers in Compositae, XII.
  • Illustration Sources

    Illustration Sources

    APPENDIX ONE ILLUSTRATION SOURCES REF. CODE ABR Abrams, L. 1923–1960. Illustrated flora of the Pacific states. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. ADD Addisonia. 1916–1964. New York Botanical Garden, New York. Reprinted with permission from Addisonia, vol. 18, plate 579, Copyright © 1933, The New York Botanical Garden. ANDAnderson, E. and Woodson, R.E. 1935. The species of Tradescantia indigenous to the United States. Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Reprinted with permission of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. ANN Hollingworth A. 2005. Original illustrations. Published herein by the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Fort Worth. Artist: Anne Hollingworth. ANO Anonymous. 1821. Medical botany. E. Cox and Sons, London. ARM Annual Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1889–1912. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. BA1 Bailey, L.H. 1914–1917. The standard cyclopedia of horticulture. The Macmillan Company, New York. BA2 Bailey, L.H. and Bailey, E.Z. 1976. Hortus third: A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Revised and expanded by the staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Cornell University. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York. Reprinted with permission from William Crepet and the L.H. Bailey Hortorium. Cornell University. BA3 Bailey, L.H. 1900–1902. Cyclopedia of American horticulture. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York. BB2 Britton, N.L. and Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British posses- sions. Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York. BEA Beal, E.O. and Thieret, J.W. 1986. Aquatic and wetland plants of Kentucky. Kentucky Nature Preserves Commission, Frankfort. Reprinted with permission of Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission.
  • University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan a NATURAL HISTORY and CLASSIFICATION of the GENUS PARTHENICE (COMPOSITAE)

    University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan a NATURAL HISTORY and CLASSIFICATION of the GENUS PARTHENICE (COMPOSITAE)

    A NATURAL HISTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE GENUS PARTHENICE (COMPOSITAE) Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Sauck, Jane Reese, 1940- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 04/10/2021 04:15:52 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288060 This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 69-19,249 SAUCK, Jane Reese, 1940- A NATURAL HISTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE GENUS PARTHENICE (COMPOSTTAE). University of Arizona, Ph.D., 1969 Botany- University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan A NATURAL HISTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE GENUS PARTHENICE (COMPOSITAE) by Jane Reese Sauck A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WITH A MAJOR IN BOTANY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 19 6 9 TI1E UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE I hereby recommend that this dissertation prepared under my direction by Jane Reese Sauck entitled A Natural History and CLassification of the Ganus Parthenice (Compositae) be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (?JL«JL,TV\A Gu-i-cv tl, j ci L C1 Dissertation Director Datp After inspection of the final copy of the dissertation, the following members of the Final Examination Committee concur in its approval and recommend its acceptance:*'* iJ.ff t\ .3.9* 9 7 sZh*/Z2-S /4/,y ^ I This approval and acceptance is contingent on the candidate's adequate performance and defense of this dissertation at the final oral examination.
  • FERNS and FERN ALLIES Dittmer, H.J., E.F

    FERNS and FERN ALLIES Dittmer, H.J., E.F

    FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Dittmer, H.J., E.F. Castetter, & O.M. Clark. 1954. The ferns and fern allies of New Mexico. Univ. New Mexico Publ. Biol. No. 6. Family ASPLENIACEAE [1/5/5] Asplenium spleenwort Bennert, W. & G. Fischer. 1993. Biosystematics and evolution of the Asplenium trichomanes complex. Webbia 48:743-760. Wagner, W.H. Jr., R.C. Moran, C.R. Werth. 1993. Aspleniaceae, pp. 228-245. IN: Flora of North America, vol.2. Oxford Univ. Press. palmeri Maxon [M&H; Wagner & Moran 1993] Palmer’s spleenwort platyneuron (Linnaeus) Britton, Sterns, & Poggenburg [M&H; Wagner & Moran 1993] ebony spleenwort resiliens Kunze [M&H; W&S; Wagner & Moran 1993] black-stem spleenwort septentrionale (Linnaeus) Hoffmann [M&H; W&S; Wagner & Moran 1993] forked spleenwort trichomanes Linnaeus [Bennert & Fischer 1993; M&H; W&S; Wagner & Moran 1993] maidenhair spleenwort Family AZOLLACEAE [1/1/1] Azolla mosquito-fern Lumpkin, T.A. 1993. Azollaceae, pp. 338-342. IN: Flora of North America, vol. 2. Oxford Univ. Press. caroliniana Willdenow : Reports in W&S apparently belong to Azolla mexicana Presl, though Azolla caroliniana is known adjacent to NM near the Texas State line [Lumpkin 1993]. mexicana Schlechtendal & Chamisso ex K. Presl [Lumpkin 1993; M&H] Mexican mosquito-fern Family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE [1/1/1] Pteridium bracken-fern Jacobs, C.A. & J.H. Peck. Pteridium, pp. 201-203. IN: Flora of North America, vol. 2. Oxford Univ. Press. aquilinum (Linnaeus) Kuhn var. pubescens Underwood [Jacobs & Peck 1993; M&H; W&S] bracken-fern Family DRYOPTERIDACEAE [6/13/13] Athyrium lady-fern Kato, M. 1993. Athyrium, pp.
  • Plant Geography of Chile PLANT and VEGETATION

    Plant Geography of Chile PLANT and VEGETATION

    Plant Geography of Chile PLANT AND VEGETATION Volume 5 Series Editor: M.J.A. Werger For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7549 Plant Geography of Chile by Andrés Moreira-Muñoz Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 123 Dr. Andrés Moreira-Muñoz Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Instituto de Geografia Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago Chile [email protected] ISSN 1875-1318 e-ISSN 1875-1326 ISBN 978-90-481-8747-8 e-ISBN 978-90-481-8748-5 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-8748-5 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. ◦ ◦ Cover illustration: High-Andean vegetation at Laguna Miscanti (23 43 S, 67 47 W, 4350 m asl) Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Carlos Reiche (1860–1929) In Memoriam Foreword It is not just the brilliant and dramatic scenery that makes Chile such an attractive part of the world. No, that country has so very much more! And certainly it has a rich and beautiful flora. Chile’s plant world is strongly diversified and shows inter- esting geographical and evolutionary patterns. This is due to several factors: The geographical position of the country on the edge of a continental plate and stretch- ing along an extremely long latitudinal gradient from the tropics to the cold, barren rocks of Cape Horn, opposite Antarctica; the strong differences in altitude from sea level to the icy peaks of the Andes; the inclusion of distant islands in the country’s territory; the long geological and evolutionary history of the biota; and the mixture of tropical and temperate floras.
  • Classification, Diversity, and Distribution of Chilean Asteraceae

    Classification, Diversity, and Distribution of Chilean Asteraceae

    Diversity and Distributions, (Diversity Distrib.) (2007) 13, 818–828 Blackwell Publishing Ltd BIODIVERSITY Classification, diversity, and distribution RESEARCH of Chilean Asteraceae: implications for biogeography and conservation Andrés Moreira-Muñoz1 and Mélica Muñoz-Schick2* 1Geographical Institute, University ABSTRACT Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kochstr. 4/4, 91054 This paper provides a synopsis of the Chilean Asteraceae genera according to the Erlangen, Germany, 2Museo Nacional de most recent classification. Asteraceae is the richest family within the native Chilean Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile flora, with a total of 121 genera and c. 863 species, currently classified in 18 tribes. The genera are distributed along the whole latitudinal gradient in Chile, with a centre of richness at 33°–34° S. Almost one-third of the genera show small to medium-small ranges of distribution, while two-thirds have medium-large to large latitudinal ranges of distribution. Of the 115 mainland genera, 46% have their main distribution in the central Mediterranean zone between 27°–37° S. Also of the mainland genera, 53% occupy both coastal and Andean environments, while 33% can be considered as strictly Andean and 20% as strictly coastal genera. The biogeographical analysis of relationships allows the distinction of several floristic elements and generalized tracks: the most marked floristic element is the Neotropical, followed by the anti- tropical and the endemic element. The biogeographical analysis provides important insights into the origin and evolution of the Chilean Asteraceae flora. The presence of many localized and endemic taxa has direct conservation implications. Keywords *Correspondence: Mélica Muñoz-Schick, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Compositae, phylogeny, phytogeography, panbiogeography, synopsis Chilean Santiago, Chile.
  • The Vascular Flora and Floristic Relationships of the Sierra De La Giganta in Baja California Sur, Mexico Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol

    The Vascular Flora and Floristic Relationships of the Sierra De La Giganta in Baja California Sur, Mexico Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol

    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México León de la Luz, José Luis; Rebman, Jon; Domínguez-León, Miguel; Domínguez-Cadena, Raymundo The vascular flora and floristic relationships of the Sierra de La Giganta in Baja California Sur, Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 79, núm. 1, 2008, pp. 29-65 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42558786034 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 79: 29- 65, 2008 The vascular fl ora and fl oristic relationships of the Sierra de La Giganta in Baja California Sur, Mexico La fl ora vascular y las relaciones fl orísticas de la sierra de La Giganta de Baja California Sur, México José Luis León de la Luz1*, Jon Rebman2, Miguel Domínguez-León1 and Raymundo Domínguez-Cadena1 1Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C. Apartado postal 128, 23000 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico 2San Diego Museum of Natural History. Herbarium. P. O. Box 121390, San Diego, CA 92112 Correspondent: [email protected] Abstract. The Sierra de La Giganta is a semi-arid region in the southern part of the Baja California peninsula of Mexico. Traditionally, this area has been excluded as a sector of the Sonoran Desert and has been more often lumped with the dry-tropical Cape Region of southern Baja California peninsula, but this classical concept of the vegetation has not previously been analyzed using formal documentation.
  • Carrot-Weed: a Noxious Plant That Threatens Biodiversity in Africa

    Carrot-Weed: a Noxious Plant That Threatens Biodiversity in Africa

    American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2019, 10, 433-446 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ajps ISSN Online: 2158-2750 ISSN Print: 2158-2742 Carrot-Weed: A Noxious Plant That Threatens Biodiversity in Africa Neema C. Mtenga*, Thadeo Mokiti Tarimo, Patrick A. Ndakidemi, Ernest R. Mbega Department of Sustainable Agriculture and Biodiversity Ecosystem Management, School of Life Science and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania How to cite this paper: Mtenga, N.C., Abstract Tarimo, T.M., Ndakidemi, P.A. and Mbega, E.R. (2019) Carrot-Weed: A Noxious Plant Carrot-weed (Parthenium hysterophorous L.) is a flowering plant of the As- That Threatens Biodiversity in Africa. Ame- teraceae family (tribe: Heliantheae). The weed became famous due to its no- rican Journal of Plant Sciences, 10, 433-446. torious invasive role in the environment and agricultural fields. The plant has https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2019.103031 arisen as the seventh most disturbing weed globally. In Africa, the weed is Received: September 27, 2018 spreading very fast and information on its biology, impact, and management Accepted: March 17, 2019 is scarce. Therefore, this review provides general information about the carrot Published: March 20, 2019 weed’s current distribution status and its impact on agricultural crops, ani- Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and mals and human health in Africa. The review also highlights areas for re- Scientific Research Publishing Inc. search in managing this noxious weed in the African habitats. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International Keywords License (CC BY 4.0).
  • Mauro Vicentini Correia

    Mauro Vicentini Correia

    UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE QUÍMICA Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química MAURO VICENTINI CORREIA Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. São Paulo Data do Depósito na SPG: 01/02/2010 MAURO VICENTINI CORREIA Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Química (Química Orgânica) Orientador: Prof. Dr. Vicente de Paulo Emerenciano. São Paulo 2010 Mauro Vicentini Correia Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Química (Química Orgânica) Aprovado em: ____________ Banca Examinadora Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ DEDICATÓRIA À minha mãe, Silmara Vicentini pelo suporte e apoio em todos os momentos da minha
  • WO 2016/092376 Al 16 June 2016 (16.06.2016) W P O P C T

    WO 2016/092376 Al 16 June 2016 (16.06.2016) W P O P C T

    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2016/092376 Al 16 June 2016 (16.06.2016) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, A61K 36/18 (2006.01) A61K 31/465 (2006.01) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, A23L 33/105 (2016.01) A61K 36/81 (2006.01) MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, A61K 31/05 (2006.01) BO 11/02 (2006.01) PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, A61K 31/352 (2006.01) SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (21) International Application Number: PCT/IB20 15/002491 (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (22) International Filing Date: GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, 14 December 2015 (14. 12.2015) TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (25) Filing Language: English TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, (26) Publication Language: English LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, (30) Priority Data: SM, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, 62/09 1,452 12 December 201 4 ( 12.12.20 14) US GW, KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
  • Harmonia+ and Pandora+

    Harmonia+ and Pandora+

    Appendix A Harmonia+PL – procedure for negative impact risk assessment for invasive alien species and potentially invasive alien species in Poland QUESTIONNAIRE A0 | Context Questions from this module identify the assessor and the biological, geographical & social context of the assessment. a01. Name(s) of the assessor(s): first name and family name 1. Zbigniew Celka 2. Katarzyna Bzdęga 3. Bogdan Jackowiak acomm01. Comments: degree affiliation assessment date (1) dr hab. Department of Plant Taxonomy, Institute of 22-01-2018 Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (2) dr Department of Botany and Nature Protection, 28-01-2018 Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice (3) prof. dr hab. Department of Plant Taxonomy, Institute of 02-02-2018 Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań a02. Name(s) of the species under assessment: Polish name: Partenium ambrozjowate Latin name: Parthenium hysterophorus L. English name: Santa Maria feverfew acomm02. Comments: The Latin name of the species was given according to The Plant List (2013 – B). Synonyms of the Latin name are quite numerous: Parthenium lobatum Buckley, Parthenium pinnatifidum Stokes, Parthenium glomeratum Rollins, Argyrochaeta bipinnatifida Cav., Argyrochaeta parviflora Cav., Echetrosis pentasperma Phil., Villanova bipinnatifida Ortega (The Plant List 2013, Tropicos 2018 – B). The Polish name is: Partenium ambrozjowate. Its synonym is: Roślimianek ambrozjowaty. Both Polish names were given according to Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland checklist (Mirek et al. 2002 – P). There are a lot of English names: Santa Maria feverfew, ragweed parthenium, bastard feverfew, Santa-Maria, whitetop weed, famine weed, bhajpa weed, Barley flower (BSBI List 2007 – B, McConnachie et al.
  • Research Design and General Objectives

    Research Design and General Objectives

    Forest quality in the southwest of Mexico City. Assessment towards ecological restoration of ecosystem services Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree Doctor rer. nat. of the Faculty of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany By Víctor Ávila-Akerberg Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany 2009 Dean: Prof. Dr. Heinz Rennenberg First supervisor: Prof. Dr. Werner Konold Second supervisor: Prof. Dr. Albert Reif Date of disputation: December 9th 2009 Acknowledgements This thesis is dedicated to the forests in the area under study and to my family and friends! Thanks to Dr. Werner Konold, for accepting me as a PhD student, having trusted on my research, for always being there whenever I needed him, and for encouraging and supporting my trips to courses and conferences around the world, vielen Dank! I would like to thank Dr. Albert Reif for being my second supervisor and for the given advice and comments on the thesis. I would like to thank Dr. Lucia Almeida, for having taught me so many things, for believing in me and together having achieved so much in the Magdalena river watershed. My great appreciation goes to Dr. Jorge Meave del Castillo, for advising me and have shared part of his enormous experience and patience on scientific writing. Special thanks go to Esther Muschelknautz, for always being there to answer the administrative questions, attending and organizing the milestones and the extra- curricular courses in the International PhD Program “Forestry in transition”. During the last three years of my life, I have met and shared moments with many wonderful persons.