DOCSLIB.ORG

(Haliaeetus Leucogaster) and the Eastern Osprey (Pandion Cristatus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Haliaeetus Leucogaster) and the Eastern Osprey (Pandion Cristatus SOUTH AUSTRALIAN ORNITHOLOGIST VOLUME 37 - PART 1 - March - 2011 Journal of The South Australian Ornithological Association Inc. In this issue: Osprey and White-bellied Sea-Eagle populations in South Australia Birds of Para Wirra Recreation Park Bird report 2009 March 2011 1 Distribution and status of White-bellied Sea-Eagle, Haliaeetus leucogaster, and Eastern Osprey, Pandion cristatus, populations in South Australia T. E. DENNIS, S. A. DETmAR, A. V. BROOkS AND H. m. DENNIS. Abstract Surveys throughout coastal regions and in the INTRODUCTION Riverland of South Australia over three breeding seasons between May 2008 and October 2010, Top-order predators, such as the White-bellied estimated the population of White-bellied Sea- Sea-Eagle, Haliaeetus leucogaster, and Eastern Eagle, Haliaeetus leucogaster, as 70 to 80 pairs Osprey, Pandion cristatus, are recognised and Eastern Osprey, Pandion cristatus, as 55 to indicator species by which to measure 65 pairs. Compared to former surveys these data wilderness quality and environmental integrity suggest a 21.7% decline in the White-bellied Sea- in a rapidly changing world (Newton 1979). In Eagle population and an 18.3% decline for Eastern South Australia (SA) both species have small Osprey over former mainland habitats. Most (79.2%) populations with evidence of recent declines sea-eagle territories were based on offshore islands linked to increasing human activity in coastal including Kangaroo Island, while most (60.3%) areas (Dennis 2004; Dennis et al. 2011 in press). osprey territories were on the mainland and near- A survey of the sea-eagle population in the shore islets or reefs. The majority of territories were mid 1990s found evidence for a decline in the in the west of the State and on Kangaroo Island, with breeding range since European colonisation three sub-regions identified as retaining significant (Dennis and Lashmar 1996). Similarly, a survey habitat for both species. These were upper-western of of the opsrey population in 2005, reported Eyre Peninsula, southern Eyre Peninsula and high levels of nest failure in some areas (Dennis Kangaroo Island (Figs. 4 & 7), which together 2007a). encompassed 70.8% of the White-bellied Sea-Eagle territories and 62.1% of Eastern Osprey territories. These populations are somewhat isolated from Threats identified for both species included: rural those in other regions of Australia, with the most land-use change leading to increased human activity westerly sea-eagle territory in SA >400 km from in the coastal landscape and corresponding levels of the nearest known territory in Western Australia disturbance at nest sites; poorly conceived tourism (WA) and the most easterly coastal territory (on developments; ill-timed research projects and pest the Fleurieu Peninsula) >550 km from the nearest plant control programs coincident with the breeding known territory in Victoria at Lake Connewarre season; and inter-species conflicts between White- (Dennis and Lashmar 1996). They are capable of bellied Sea-Eagles with Wedge-tailed Eagles, Aquila long distance movement, for example a nestling audax, were identified. Collectively, these habitat banded at Franklin Harbour on Eyre Peninsula in degrading processes and threats have reduced the 1970 was found dead on Fraser Island Queensland wilderness quality and therefore the breeding refugia, the following year (Aust. Bird Bander 10: 82), and particularly for the disturbance-intolerant White- it is likely that the Murray River system is a bellied Sea-Eagle. conduit for genetic exchange as there are breeding territories thinly distributed along the river in each State (Marchant and Higgins 1993). 2 South Australian Ornithologist 37 (1) Similarly, with ospreys there is also a substantial Sea-Eagle and Eastern Osprey in SA; ii) locate break in their continental distribution, with significant habitats; and iii) identify adverse the most westerly territory on the Bunda Cliffs human activities and habitat threats. >750 km from the nearest known territory near Esperance in WA, and there are no recent or historical breeding records south-east of mETHODS Kangaroo Island in SA, or from Victoria or Tasmania (Dennis 2007a). Raptor populations are determined by surveying the number of territorial or breeding In contrast to the forested habitat available pairs in suitable habitat (Newton 1979). Both the in other States, in SA both species are largely sea-eagle and osprey form long-term pairs and limited to offshore islands or remote coastal cliff are known to use nesting locations over long sites and associated broken terrain with low time periods, with favoured sites being used by heath vegetation cover, and tree nests are rare. successive generations (Marchant and Higgins This results in most breeding sites having little 1993; Clunie 2003; Dennis 2007b; Dennis et al. in visual screening and therefore being particularly press). Therefore, relative stability was assumed vulnerable to disturbance from human activity, for previously known sites in remote locations which invariably occurs above nest level and enabling survey effort to be targeted in those in line-of-sight at long distance from the nest areas and prospecting surveys to concentrate or guard-roost sites (Olsen 1998, Dennis et al. in on potential and previously poorly surveyed press). sections of coastline. In 2008 the conservation status of both species Survey scope and planning was elevated to Endangered in SA. Both are listed Prior to on-ground survey, digitised oblique on the Marine and Migratory Species Schedules imagery and orthorectified aerial imagery from of the Federal Environment Protection and the Department for Environment and Natural Biodiversity Conservation Act, 1999. Resources (DENR) were examined for terrain With support from various sources a series features typical of those used as breeding sites, of surveys commenced in 2008 to re-assess in order to plan access and survey methods what was known of these species in SA. The in unfamiliar areas. Between June 2008 and aim of these surveys was to: i) determine the October 2010 strategic coastal surveys were distribution and status of the White-bellied conducted over three breeding seasons between Figure 1. The likely phases of greatest sensitivity and corresponding risk of nest desertion during the White-bellied Sea-Eagle breeding season in South Australia. Note the risk of desertion increases through the courtship phase, is highest from mid-June to mid-September, and declines with increased parental investment thereafter. This figure adapted from estimates developed in Tasmania (mooney and Holdsworth 1991; Forest Practices Authority 2006). March 2011 3 Wilson Bluff on the WA border (2008) and transects were conducted where vehicle access Rivoli Bay in the South East of SA (2010), in the to survey sites was not possible or ethical. Riverland between Morgan and the New South Access to DENR Reserves was under Scientific Wales Border (2009-10), and in offshore island Permit (C25629 1-3), entry to the Yalata groups off Yorke and Eyre Peninsulas (2010). Indigenous Protected Area was through the In addition, a comprehensive literature search Yalata Community Council, and considerable at the South Australian Museum (SAM) and effort was directed to obtaining permission to Royal Geographic Society of SA libraries, found access private property. historical records of breeding locations for both species. Due to the remoteness of some sections of coastline volunteer back-up assistance was minimising disturbance essential to maintain portable radio contact, Due to the sensitivity of sea-eagles to mobile or satellite phone watch and to ferry a disturbance during the breeding season vehicle between the commencement and end (Olsen 1998; Clunie 2003; Threatened Species point of foot transects. Section 2006; Dennis et al. in press), ground surveys were confined to mid-September Vessel-based surveys and October, when pairs were settled into Remote coastlines were surveyed from the sea. established patterns of foraging forays and nest These included: 55 km of coast south of Elliston protection, thus avoiding the risk of desertion on western Eyre Peninsula; most of Kangaroo during the courtship, pre-egg laying and early Island; Nuyts Archipelago; and the Investigator, incubation phase in May to early September Gambier and Sir Joseph Banks Groups of (Figure 1). Depending on terrain limitations, islands. observations were made at distances of at least 750m from sea-eagle nest sites and 250m from Near-shore islands (<4 km offshore) were osprey sites using high-resolution binoculars surveyed visually by spotting scope from (Swarovski 8.5 X 42 and 2 X booster) and/or a the nearest headland vantage point, or by tripod mounted spotting scope (Kowa 25, 40 circumnavigation by small boat. A canoe or and 60 X 75). However, because of familiarity dinghy was used to survey tidal creeks in with terrain and nest locations from previous mangrove forest areas, and for lagoons and surveys, some territories could be surveyed at subsidiary creeks in the upper-Murray and lesser distance without causing disturbance. Bookmark-Chowilla floodplain complex. Similarly, as sea-eagles largely ignore boats that are >150 m away, sea-based surveys were able Data processing and storage to be undertaken during the sensitive breeding A standardised data-sheet was used for each season onset in May and June, when all pairs site throughout the project. Once identified by spend long periods at the nest engrossed in ground or vessel-based survey, the location of courtship and nest repair activity, regardless of nest sites was tentatively determined using a whether egg laying occurs. In contrast, ospreys range-finder (Leupold RX-IV 8 X 28) to measure are strongly attached to nest sites throughout an offset distance (accuracy ± 5 m) along a the year and are generally more tolerant to compass bearing from a GPS (Garmin 60CSx) approach from landward. determined waypoint location. At some inactive sites it was possible to obtain location data Ground surveys directly above a cliff nest or directly under a Ground surveys were conducted by a nest tree.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wilderness Advisory Committee Annual Report 2011-12
    Wilderness Advisory Committee and Wilderness Protection Act 1992 ANNUAL REPORTS 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2012 Wilderness Advisory Committee Annual Report 2011-12 Wilderness Protection Act 1992 Annual Report 2011-12 For further information please contact: Executive Officer Wilderness Advisory Committee C/- Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources GPO Box 1047 ADELAIDE SA 5001 Telephone: (08) 8124 4786 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.environment.sa.gov.au ABN: 36 702 093 234 ISSN: 1832-9357 September 2012 _______________________________________________________________________________ Wilderness Advisory Committee Annual Report 2011-12 Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL ....................................................................4 WILDERNESS ADVISORY COMMITTEE ANNUAL REPORT .................................5 PLANS AND OBJECTIVES ......................................................................5 OPERATIONS AND INITIATIVES ...............................................................5 ACHIEVEMENTS AND ACTIVITIES .........................................................5 WILDERNESS PROTECTION AREA MANAGEMENT PLANS .............................6 REQUESTS FOR ASSESSMENT TO THE WILDERNESS ADVISORY COMMITTEE .....7 ROLE, LEGISLATION AND STRUCTURE......................................................7 OBJECT OF THE WILDERNESS PROTECTION ACT .....................................7 ROLE OF THE COMMITTEE.................................................................7 FUNCTIONS OF THE WILDERNESS ADVISORY
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Diurnal Raptors and Airports
    Australian diurnal raptors and airports Photo: John Barkla, BirdLife Australia William Steele Australasian Raptor Association BirdLife Australia Australian Aviation Wildlife Hazard Group Forum Brisbane, 25 July 2013 So what is a raptor? Small to very large birds of prey. Diurnal, predatory or scavenging birds. Sharp, hooked bills and large powerful feet with talons. Order Falconiformes: 27 species on Australian list. Family Falconidae – falcons/ kestrels Family Accipitridae – eagles, hawks, kites, osprey Falcons and kestrels Brown Falcon Black Falcon Grey Falcon Nankeen Kestrel Australian Hobby Peregrine Falcon Falcons and Kestrels – conservation status Common Name EPBC Qld WA SA FFG Vic NSW Tas NT Nankeen Kestrel Brown Falcon Australian Hobby Grey Falcon NT RA Listed CR VUL VUL Black Falcon EN Peregrine Falcon RA Hawks and eagles ‐ Osprey Osprey Hawks and eagles – Endemic hawks Red Goshawk female Hawks and eagles – Sparrowhawks/ goshawks Brown Goshawk Photo: Rik Brown Hawks and eagles – Elanus kites Black‐shouldered Kite Letter‐winged Kite ~ 300 g Hover hunters Rodent specialists LWK can be crepuscular Hawks and eagles ‐ eagles Photo: Herald Sun. Hawks and eagles ‐ eagles Large ‐ • Wedge‐tailed Eagle (~ 4 kg) • Little Eagle (< 1 kg) • White‐bellied Sea‐Eagle (< 4 kg) • Gurney’s Eagle Scavengers of carrion, in addition to hunters Fortunately, mostly solitary although some multiple strikes on aircraft Hawks and eagles –large kites Black Kite Whistling Kite Brahminy Kite Frequently scavenge Large at ~ 600 to 800 g BK and WK flock and so high risk to aircraft Photo: Jill Holdsworth Identification Beruldsen, G (1995) Raptor Identification. Privately published by author, Kenmore Hills, Queensland, pp. 18‐19, 26‐27, 36‐37.
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Holiday Activites Program 2015 Friday 2Nd - Thursday 15Th January Robe • Beachport • Southend • Kingston Cape Jaffa • Carpenter Rocks • Port Macdonnell
    presents Summer Holiday Activites Program 2015 Friday 2nd - Thursday 15th January Robe • Beachport • Southend • Kingston Cape Jaffa • Carpenter Rocks • Port MacDonnell This project is supported by SELGA and Natural Resources South East through funding from the Australian Government This project is supported by SELGA and Natural Resources South East through funding from the Australian Government Coastal Connections is back again this summer with a program brimming with fun activities all along the Limestone Coast. It is an event for all ages and explores the many natural wonders of our magnificent coast and marine environment. What’s more, almost all activities are FREE! Our program runs from 2nd-15th January from Piccaninnie Ponds near Port MacDonnell, through to Southend, Beachport, Cape Jaffa, Robe and Kingston. This year’s activities will again showcase the unique and diverse coastal habitats of the South East region. Bookings are essential for most activities as the numbers of places are limited. See below for booking details. Throughout this event our aim is to promote a stronger connection between people and the coast, and build a greater community awareness and appreciation of its beauty, value and fragility. With this in mind we hope that Coastal Connections leaves you inspired to join us in protecting this magnificent environment, with its diversity of native flora and fauna and rich cultural heritage. We hope that you enjoy ‘Coastal Connections’ and we look forward to meeting you at an activity soon. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION We request that all participants be sun smart and wear a hat, shirt and sunscreen for all daytime activities, and sturdy walking shoes in the bush and on the rocky shore.
    [Show full text]
  • Report and Recommendations of the Environmental Protection Authority
    Report and recommendations of the Environmental Protection Authority Point Grey Marina Point Grey Development Company Pty Ltd Report 1420 December 2011 Public Environmental Review Environmental Impact Assessment Process Timelines Time Date Progress stages (weeks) 15/09/08 Level of assessment set 63 7/12/09 Environmental Scoping Document (ESD) released for public review Public review period for ESD closed 2 21/12/09 Final ESD approved 33 27/8/10 Public Environmental Review Document (PER) released for 26 14/03/11 public review Public review period for PER closed 6 27/04/11 22 13/10/11 Final proponent response to PER issues raised 5/12/11 Publication of EPA report 7 19/12/11 Close of appeals period 2 Timelines for an assessment may vary according to the complexity of the project and are usually agreed with the proponent soon after the level of assessment is determined. In this case, the Environmental Protection Authority met its timeline objective in the completion of the assessment and provision of a report to the Minister. Dr Paul Vogel Chairman 1 December 2011 ISSN 1836-0483 (Print) ISSN 1836-0491 (Online) Assessment No. 1751 Summary and recommendations This report provides the Environmental Protection Authority’s (EPA’s) advice and recommendations to the Minister for Environment on the proposal by Point Grey Development Company Pty Ltd to construct a navigation channel in the Harvey Estuary and onshore marina on the western side of Point Grey peninsula. Section 44 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act) requires the EPA to report to the Minister for Environment on the outcome of its assessment of a proposal.
    [Show full text]
  • Storm Tracks Associated with Extreme Storm Surges, Coastal Currents and Waves in Southern Australia
    Storm tracks associated with extreme storm surges, coastal currents and waves in Southern Australia Yasha Hetzel, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Simone Cosoli, Ivica Janekovic Oceans Graduate School The UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Southern Ocean extremes Global GFS winds 9-9-2015 Storm surge www.Ozsealevelx.org http://sealevelx.ems.uwa.edu.au Global GFS winds 9-9-2015 Southern Ocean winter storms • How does storm track influence the intensity of coastal currents, storm surges, and wave heights in Southern Australia? Global GFS winds 9-9-2015 Study site: South Australian Gulfs • Wide continental shelf across Bight • Directly exposed to Southern Ocean storms • Big waves, storm surges, strong shelf currents Thevenard Port Lincoln Adelaide + SAG Cape du Couedic Study site: South Australian Gulfs • Entrance to Spencer Gulf, fishing, shipping, ports • Remote! Cape Wiles, Cape Spencer Cape Wiles +Cape Catastrophe, Anxious Bay, Coffin GlobalBay… GFS winds 9-9-2015 Study site: South Australian Gulfs • Entrance to Spencer Gulf, fishing, shipping, ports • Remote! Cape Wiles, Cape Spencer • But… data are available! +Cape Catastrophe, Anxious Bay, Coffin GlobalBay… GFS winds 9-9-2015 Study site: South Australian Gulfs • Entrance to Spencer Gulf, fishing, shipping, ports • Remote! Cape Wiles, Cape Spencer • But… data are available! Global GFS winds 9-9-2015 Data Focus on 5 years 2012-2016 • HF Radar surface current velocity • Tide gauge data • Cape du Couedic wave buoy • Storm tracks ECMWF ERA-Interim Port Lincoln SAG + HF Radar
    [Show full text]
  • Rodondo Island
    BIODIVERSITY & OIL SPILL RESPONSE SURVEY January 2015 NATURE CONSERVATION REPORT SERIES 15/04 RODONDO ISLAND BASS STRAIT NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES, PARKS, WATER AND ENVIRONMENT RODONDO ISLAND – Oil Spill & Biodiversity Survey, January 2015 RODONDO ISLAND BASS STRAIT Biodiversity & Oil Spill Response Survey, January 2015 NATURE CONSERVATION REPORT SERIES 15/04 Natural and Cultural Heritage Division, DPIPWE, Tasmania. © Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment ISBN: 978-1-74380-006-5 (Electronic publication only) ISSN: 1838-7403 Cite as: Carlyon, K., Visoiu, M., Hawkins, C., Richards, K. and Alderman, R. (2015) Rodondo Island, Bass Strait: Biodiversity & Oil Spill Response Survey, January 2015. Natural and Cultural Heritage Division, DPIPWE, Hobart. Nature Conservation Report Series 15/04. Main cover photo: Micah Visoiu Inside cover: Clare Hawkins Unless otherwise credited, the copyright of all images remains with the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment. This work is copyright. It may be reproduced for study, research or training purposes subject to an acknowledgement of the source and no commercial use or sale. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Branch Manager, Wildlife Management Branch, DPIPWE. Page | 2 RODONDO ISLAND – Oil Spill & Biodiversity Survey, January 2015 SUMMARY Rodondo Island was surveyed in January 2015 by staff from the Natural and Cultural Heritage Division of the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (DPIPWE) to evaluate potential response and mitigation options should an oil spill occur in the region that had the potential to impact on the island’s natural values. Spatial information relevant to species that may be vulnerable in the event of an oil spill in the area has been added to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority’s Oil Spill Response Atlas and all species records added to the DPIPWE Natural Values Atlas.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to the Birds of Barrow Island
    A Guide to the Birds of Barrow Island Operated by Chevron Australia This document has been printed by a Sustainable Green Printer on stock that is certified carbon in joint venture with neutral and is Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC) mix certified, ensuring fibres are sourced from certified and well managed forests. The stock 55% recycled (30% pre consumer, 25% post- Cert no. L2/0011.2010 consumer) and has an ISO 14001 Environmental Certification. ISBN 978-0-9871120-1-9 Gorgon Project Osaka Gas | Tokyo Gas | Chubu Electric Power Chevron’s Policy on Working in Sensitive Areas Protecting the safety and health of people and the environment is a Chevron core value. About the Authors Therefore, we: • Strive to design our facilities and conduct our operations to avoid adverse impacts to human health and to operate in an environmentally sound, reliable and Dr Dorian Moro efficient manner. • Conduct our operations responsibly in all areas, including environments with sensitive Dorian Moro works for Chevron Australia as the Terrestrial Ecologist biological characteristics. in the Australasia Strategic Business Unit. His Bachelor of Science Chevron strives to avoid or reduce significant risks and impacts our projects and (Hons) studies at La Trobe University (Victoria), focused on small operations may pose to sensitive species, habitats and ecosystems. This means that we: mammal communities in coastal areas of Victoria. His PhD (University • Integrate biodiversity into our business decision-making and management through our of Western Australia)
    [Show full text]
  • Aboriginal Agency, Institutionalisation and Survival
    2q' t '9à ABORIGINAL AGENCY, INSTITUTIONALISATION AND PEGGY BROCK B. A. (Hons) Universit¡r of Adelaide Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History/Geography, University of Adelaide March f99f ll TAT}LE OF CONTENTS ii LIST OF TAE}LES AND MAPS iii SUMMARY iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . vii ABBREVIATIONS ix C}IAPTER ONE. INTRODUCTION I CFIAPTER TWO. TI{E HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA 32 CHAPTER THREE. POONINDIE: HOME AWAY FROM COUNTRY 46 POONINDIE: AN trSTä,TILISHED COMMUNITY AND ITS DESTRUCTION 83 KOONIBBA: REFUGE FOR TI{E PEOPLE OF THE VI/EST COAST r22 CFIAPTER SIX. KOONIBBA: INSTITUTIONAL UPHtrAVAL AND ADJUSTMENT t70 C}IAPTER SEVEN. DISPERSAL OF KOONIBBA PEOPLE AND THE END OF TI{E MISSION ERA T98 CTIAPTER EIGHT. SURVTVAL WITHOUT INSTITUTIONALISATION236 C}IAPTER NINtr. NEPABUNNA: THtr MISSION FACTOR 268 CFIAPTER TEN. AE}ORIGINAL AGENCY, INSTITUTIONALISATION AND SURVTVAL 299 BIBLIOGRAPI{Y 320 ltt TABLES AND MAPS Table I L7 Table 2 128 Poonindie location map opposite 54 Poonindie land tenure map f 876 opposite 114 Poonindie land tenure map f 896 opposite r14 Koonibba location map opposite L27 Location of Adnyamathanha campsites in relation to pastoral station homesteads opposite 252 Map of North Flinders Ranges I93O opposite 269 lv SUMMARY The institutionalisation of Aborigines on missions and government stations has dominated Aboriginal-non-Aboriginal relations. Institutionalisation of Aborigines, under the guise of assimilation and protection policies, was only abandoned in.the lg7Os. It is therefore important to understand the implications of these policies for Aborigines and Australian society in general. I investigate the affect of institutionalisation on Aborigines, questioning the assumption tl.at they were passive victims forced onto missions and government stations and kept there as virtual prisoners.
    [Show full text]
  • Port Lincoln and Surrounds
    Port Lincoln and Surrounds This section of Spencer Gulf is an excellent cruising ground with many safe and scenic anchorages all within easy reach of the town of Port Lincoln. Shelter is available for any wind direction, and if severe weather threatens, refuge in the Lincoln Cove Marina is available. Port Lincoln is a very large and prosperous regional town, and the centre for a major fishing and fish farming industry. Excellent marine services are available, and every supply requirement a cruising yacht could wish for can be found there. Most cruising yachts take at least three comfortable day sails to get to this area from Adelaide, and once there the cruising is most enjoyable. Note that a number of anchorages listed here are in the Lincoln National Park, and the restrictions which apply may found on this website https://www.parks.sa.gov.au/find-a- park/Browse_by_region/Eyre_Peninsula/lincoln-national-park Port Lincoln Town Beach Shelter from E – S – NW Indicative Anchoring Position Note. Indicative anchoring positions are for reference only and should not be used as waypoints. 34° 42.8’S 135° 51.6’E The best position for anchoring depends on many factors including vessel draft, tide, and forecast wind. The town beach is a very comfortable and convenient anchorage providing easy access to the town using either a beach landing or a small floating pontoon attached to the jetty. The town has excellent shopping and dining, and other supplies are readily available. The local yacht club is situated just south of the jetty, and access can usually be arranged for the showers.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Issue3.7 MB
    Volume Eleven Conservation Science 2016 Western Australia Review and synthesis of knowledge of insular ecology, with emphasis on the islands of Western Australia IAN ABBOTT and ALLAN WILLS i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2 METHODS 17 Data sources 17 Personal knowledge 17 Assumptions 17 Nomenclatural conventions 17 PRELIMINARY 18 Concepts and definitions 18 Island nomenclature 18 Scope 20 INSULAR FEATURES AND THE ISLAND SYNDROME 20 Physical description 20 Biological description 23 Reduced species richness 23 Occurrence of endemic species or subspecies 23 Occurrence of unique ecosystems 27 Species characteristic of WA islands 27 Hyperabundance 30 Habitat changes 31 Behavioural changes 32 Morphological changes 33 Changes in niches 35 Genetic changes 35 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 36 Degree of exposure to wave action and salt spray 36 Normal exposure 36 Extreme exposure and tidal surge 40 Substrate 41 Topographic variation 42 Maximum elevation 43 Climate 44 Number and extent of vegetation and other types of habitat present 45 Degree of isolation from the nearest source area 49 History: Time since separation (or formation) 52 Planar area 54 Presence of breeding seals, seabirds, and turtles 59 Presence of Indigenous people 60 Activities of Europeans 63 Sampling completeness and comparability 81 Ecological interactions 83 Coups de foudres 94 LINKAGES BETWEEN THE 15 FACTORS 94 ii THE TRANSITION FROM MAINLAND TO ISLAND: KNOWNS; KNOWN UNKNOWNS; AND UNKNOWN UNKNOWNS 96 SPECIES TURNOVER 99 Landbird species 100 Seabird species 108 Waterbird
    [Show full text]
  • Great Australian Bight BP Oil Drilling Project
    Submission to Senate Inquiry: Great Australian Bight BP Oil Drilling Project: Potential Impacts on Matters of National Environmental Significance within Modelled Oil Spill Impact Areas (Summer and Winter 2A Model Scenarios) Prepared by Dr David Ellis (BSc Hons PhD; Ecologist, Environmental Consultant and Founder at Stepping Stones Ecological Services) March 27, 2016 Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary ................................................................................................ 4 Summer Oil Spill Scenario Key Findings ................................................................. 5 Winter Oil Spill Scenario Key Findings ................................................................... 7 Threatened Species Conservation Status Summary ........................................... 8 International Migratory Bird Agreements ............................................................. 8 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 11 Methods .................................................................................................................... 12 Protected Matters Search Tool Database Search and Criteria for Oil-Spill Model Selection ............................................................................................................. 12 Criteria for Inclusion/Exclusion of Threatened, Migratory and Marine
    [Show full text]
  • Fire Management Plan Reserves of the South East
    Fire Management Plan Reserves of the South East Department for Environment and Heritage PREPARE. ACT. SURVIVE. www.environment.sa.gov.auwww.environment.sa.gov.au Included Department for Environment and Heritage Reserves Aberdour CP Custon CP Lake Frome CP Padthaway CP Bangham CP Desert Camp CP Lake Hawdon South CP Penambol CP Baudin Rocks CP Desert Camp CR Lake Robe GR Penguin Island CP Beachport CP Dingley Dell CP Lake St Clair CP Penola CP Belt Hill CP Douglas Point CP Little Dip CP Piccaninnie Ponds CP Bernouilli CR Ewens Ponds CP Lower Glenelg River CP Pine Hill Soak CP Big Heath CP Fairview CP Martin Washpool CP Poocher Swamp GR Big Heath CR Furner CP Mary Seymour CP Reedy Creek CP Bool Lagoon GR Geegeela CP Messent CP Salt Lagoon Islands CP Bucks Lake GR Glen Roy CP Mount Boothby CP Talapar CP Bunbury CR Gower CP Mount Monster CP Tantanoola Caves CP Butcher Gap CP Grass Tree CP Mount Scott CP Telford Scrub CP Calectasia CP Guichen Bay CP Mud Islands GR Tilley Swamp CP Canunda NP Gum Lagoon CP Mullinger Swamp CP Tolderol GR Carpenter Rocks CP Hacks Lagoon CP Naracoorte Caves CR Vivigani Ardune CP Coorong NP Hanson Scrub CP Naracoorte Caves NP Woakwine CR Currency Creek GR Jip Jip CP Nene Valley CP Wolseley Common CP CP = Conservation Park NP = National Park GR = Game Reserve CR = Conservation Reserve For further information please contact: Department for Environment and Heritage Phone Information Line (08) 8204 1910, or see SA White Pages for your local Department for Environment and Heritage office.
    [Show full text]