DOCSLIB.ORG

Door County's History

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Door County's History Door County's Art History by Lorraine Mengert Door County's Art History by Lorraine Mengert ii This book is dedicated to Madeline Tourtelot, whose desire it was to see Art Education flourish in Door County. Through her efforts ·art classes were made available to everyone and to this day, opportunities continue to expand. iii ACKNOWL EDGM ENTS Thank yous are extended to Baylake Bank's Cliff & Clara Herlache Foundation, the Door County Historical Society and the Raibrook Foundation for Grants. I want to thank all the directors of each gallery, organization and school who willingly read and corrected or added to the book text submitted to them. Also, thanks to others whose knowledge helped me to fi nd details often hidden over periods of time: Door County Advocate Dorothy Cole, daughter of F. DeForrest Schook Mary Ann J ohnson, a Baileys Harbor historian Peninsula Music Festival 35th Anniversary publication Betsy Guenzel, one of Vladimir Rousseff's students Ginka Cohn & Elvera Gilbert for the dance class memories Erik Eriksson for some of the Birch Creek material J ames & Carole Maronek for their knowledge of The Poplars Maggie Magerstadt Rosner for her memories of the Buchbinders Charles Wiley, "Did the Eagle Get You Or. Moss?" Many more thanks to Chan Harris for reading the text and proofing it historically as well as for the usual grammatical flaws. And finally, thanks lo Jeanne Desotelle, the director of the Door County Libraries for her cooperation in allowing me to duplicate the texts so they could be shared with t.he many people necessary to come to the conclusion, the printing. Copyrjght 1996 by Lorraine Mengert iv Table of Contents DEDICATION ........ ........ ........ .. m ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .. ...... ............. iv PREFACE ................................ 1 VISUAL ARTS Door County Artists ................. ...... 5 Schook's School ....... .... ...... ...... ... 19 The 30's, The 40's ... .... ..... ....... ....... 25 Peninsula Art School ........... .... ......... 31 The Clearing .. ............. ............. 39 Peninsula Arts Assn . ..... ............ ...... 43 Francis Hardy Gallery ....................... 49 Peninsula Arts & Humanities Alliance ......... ... 53 Bjorklunden, Boynton Chapel. ..... ...... ...... 57 Roadstead Foundation ...... .. .......... 63 DC Summer Cultural Center ... ... ... ... ..... 69 Miller Art Center ...... ..... ... ....... .. ... 71 Sievers School of Fiber Arts .......... .. ....... 77 Door County Art League ..................... 81 MUSIC Arens Art Colony ... ... ...... ........... ... 85 Peninsula Music Festival. ....... ....... ...... 87 Birch Creek Music Center ..... ...... ......... 93 Midsummer's Music ............. .. ......... 97 THEATER Peninsula Players ...... ...... ..... ... ... .. 101 American Folklore Theatre .......... .... ..... 103 Peninsula Arts Theater ..... ...... ........ 111 Blue Circle Theater ........................ 113 Island Players ................ ........... 115 DA CE Peninsula Dance ... ... .................... 119 MISCELLANEOUS Silver Poplars ................ .. ...... 125 Ridges Sanctuary ................ ........ 129 Door Community Auditorium ................. 131 v DOOR COUNTY'S ART HISTORY Preface Door County has been here for centuries and along with its presence has been its beauty. As long as this peninsula has been inhabited, its beauty has been enjoyed and recorded in many forms ..... the written word, song and visual images. When did we finally find the opportunity and need to put things down to share with others? The early 1920's were magic years. What was going on in the world at that time? The art of the Impressionists was joined by that of the Cubists, Expressionists, Surrealists and generally an abstract expression of the times. Names in the art world included Kandinsky, Klee, Leger, Munch, Picasso, Feininger, Matisse, Monet. The public was enjoying the literary works of Agatha Christie, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis, A.A. Milne and Carl Sandberg, and the music of Jerome Kern, Franz Lehar, Maurice Ravel, Igor Stravinsky and Paul Whiteman. In their social lives?????? prohibition went into effect and women gained the right to vote. Harding was president and Gandhi emerged as the leader of India's drive toward independence. And what about Door County? The 1920's were the recorded beginning with the history of Schook's art school. County visitors of the 30's brought their interests and appreciation of the arts, and at that point the organization of arts activities was born. So, I followed its growth. I felt the need to put together the bits and pieces about the arts in Door County that I found in old newspapers, magazines and in the Laurie History Room of the Sturgeon Bay library. 1 To allow you, the reader, to enjoy this history as a nar­ rative, I have written the story of the artists as one chap­ ter, and then each organization, school, or arts group is dealt with in depth on an individual basis. Though the visual arts are the primary concern of this documentat ion, music, drama and dance cannot be sepa­ rated and forgotten. Visual arts is merely a portion of the whole circle of Door County's cult ural beauty. The most difficult part of this task has been the attempt to record the arts scene as it exists today. I have become increasingly aware, as 1 have procrastinated about putting these pages together, that we are living in 'history'. The growth and development is so rapid that as I reread, I am constantly forced to make changes. May you find yourself eager to share in this history, and obviously, in the future of the Arts in Door County. 2 VISUAL ARTS 3 4 DOOR COUNTY ARTISTS: There was a time in Door County before art galleries, but, there was never a time that people couldn't appreciate the beauty of the peninsula. When the snow melted from the fields and the pink and white blossoms popped on the trees, the temptation was there to record it on paper or canvas. Door County boasts a number of resident-artists whose work and lives have been a great influence on their many followers during this past century. One very early Door County artist, Vida Weborg, was born in 1864 on a farm that is now part of the Peninsula State Park. She had received her art training in Chicago, taught school in Chicago.IL., California and other states, and is noted in the county for illustrating her sister's book "In Viking Land", published in 1901, and Holand's popular "Old Peninsula Days." A beautiful oil painting, "Victorian Still Life," is in the Miller Art Center's permanent collec­ tion. She died in 1951 at 87 years of age. Jessie Kalmbach Chase, born in Baileys Harbor in 1879, received her art education at the Art Institute of Chicago. Best known for her oil paintings, plus occasional murals in oil or fresco, she also worked in watercolor and serigraphy, using many familiar Door County scenes for her subject m.atter. She was married to Wilfred Chase of Madison, who died in 1949. 5 Jessie had been included in exhibitions in Door County as early as 1949, and becoming very respected, was invit­ ed to have a one-woman show during the Music Festival. She had her own studio-home in Sturgeon Bay during the 60's, but died at the age of 90 as a resident of a Green Bay nursing home in 1969. She is well remembered in Door County through her artworks in the collection of the Miller Art Center plus those privately owned. Gerhard Miller, born in 1903, is a master in egg tempera and watercolor, with his home and gallery on Bay Shore Drive in Sturgeon Bay. The son of a Sturgeon Bay clothier, he was prepared to run the fa mily business. His real inter­ est was painting, and eventually he directed all his efforts and talent to his artwork, opening a gallery in his home in 1958, expanding it later to a separate building. Gerhard had become an acclaimed artist well ahead of opening the gallery. In 1943 he was a sought after teacher in the county. He held classes one afternoon a week from October to l\llay at The Clearing in Ellison Bay. His wife would join him on the trek and if the weather was bad they would simply stay overnight. He was also actively involved in the Peninsula Arts Association, teaching classes and sharing in exhibitions. He has afforded Door County artistic aspirants many opportunities to take classes through these many years. Today, in his 90's, he is one of the county's most outstand­ ing artists. His gift of the Miller Art Center in the 70's was an important addition to the county. During the 50's and 60's, while Gerhard Miller had a second gallery/clothing store at the Red Barns north of Ephraim, Charlie Lyons, another native son, added the Paint Box Gallery in the same complex. He continues in that same location with his hand-colored woodcuts plus the work of many more artists, and the painting supplies sought after by the county's art students. 6 Charlie grew up in Sturgeon Bay, served in the Marine Corp during the Vietnam War and attended the University of Wisconsin. Though he taught at Madison Area Technical College and the University, he enjoyed his opportunity to return to Door County. He not only operated the gallery, but from 1975 to 1988 he was the Curator at the Miller Ai·t Center in Sturgeon Bay. His talents are often garnered for hanging shows for special exhibitions throughout the county. Joan Champeau, Sister Bay artist and gallery owner, continues in the longest Door County art heritage of any of today's gallery owners. Her great-grandfather, Andre Roeser, came to Sister Bay in 1877. In 1946 her father, Otto Vieth, exhibited his landscapes in his Sister Bay Art Gallery, followed by Joan in 1954. Her work shares the gallery walls, though in a new Sister Bay location, with that of her daughter Roberta and many others. As summer travel to the county became common, fami­ lies began to build homes so they could return annually for the entire season.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lower Wisconsin State Riverway Visitor River in R W S We I N L O S Co
    Lower Wisconsin State Riverway Visitor River in r W s we i n L o s co Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources ● Lower Wisconsin State Riverway ● 1500 N. Johns St. ● Dodgeville, WI 53533 ● 608-935-3368 Welcome to the Riverway Please explore the Lower Wisconsin State bird and game refuge and a place to relax Riverway. Only here can you fi nd so much while canoeing. to do in such a beautiful setting so close Efforts began in earnest following to major population centers. You can World War Two when Game Managers fi sh or hunt, canoe or boat, hike or ride began to lease lands for public hunting horseback, or just enjoy the river scenery and fi shing. In 1960 money from the on a drive down country roads. The Riv- Federal Pittman-Robinson program—tax erway abounds in birds and wildlife and moneys from the sale of sporting fi rearms the history of Wisconsin is written in the and ammunition—assisted by providing bluffs and marshes of the area. There is 75% of the necessary funding. By 1980 something for every interest, so take your over 22,000 acres were owned and another pick. To really enjoy, try them all! 7,000 were held under protective easement. A decade of cooperative effort between Most of the work to manage the property Citizens, Environmental Groups, Politi- was also provided by hunters, trappers and cians, and the Department of Natural anglers using license revenues. Resources ended successfully with the passage of the law establishing the Lower About the River Wisconsin State Riverway and the Lower The upper Wisconsin River has been called Wisconsin State Riverway Board.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Wisconsin-Green Bay
    Table of Contents Home .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10 Undergraduate Catalog ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 About UW-Green Bay ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Degrees and Accreditation ................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 State Authorization for Distance Education ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 UW-Green Bay Education .................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 General Information ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Admissions ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin Topic Ideas for National History Day Research
    Wisconsin Topic Ideas for National History Day Research General Topic Ideas for Students Interested in Exploring the History of Our State National History Day in Wisconsin Updated: Summer 2010 1 A Warning for All Researchers! What follows is a very GENERAL list of topic ideas for you to consider. This list is by no means complete or exhaustive of Wisconsin history. There are many, many more fantastic topics to consider! These topics are NOT THEME SPECIFIC. You will need to take a closer look at each potential topic and consider how it fits with the annual theme for NHD. This is a general list. All the topics listed in this book WILL NOT fit the annual theme. Selecting a topic from this list does not guarantee a WINNING PROJECT. Selecting a topic is just the first step. You will need to follow through with good research, a strong argument, and a clear presentation. Selecting a topic from this list isn’t the final step. Many of these topics need to be further NARROWED in order for them to be a suitable National History Day project. Why Choose a Wisconsin Topic? The National History Day program doesn’t have any requirements or give you any advantage in choosing a Wisconsin topic. Wisconsin history, however, is full of great ideas for your History Day project. It is easy to overlook the history right around us, but your National History Day project can help you to find these amazing local stories that helped shape your history! Armed with local resources and strong research, you can become an authority on your topic and your project could be more competitive than a topic that many other students across the state or nation could choose.
    [Show full text]
  • Madison Community Foundation 2020 Annual Report
    Annual Report 2020 On the Cover The Downtown Street Art and Mural Project As the nation struggled to contain the coronavirus pandemic, it was further rocked by the death of George Floyd on May 25 while in the custody of the Minneapolis police. Floyd’s death set off protests across the nation, and around the world. In Madison, peaceful daytime protests were followed by looting in the evenings, which forced many businesses to shutter their storefronts with plywood. The Madison Arts Commission, funded in part by a Community Impact grant from Madison Community Foundation (MCF), responded to the bleak sight of State Street by creating the Downtown Street Art and Mural Project, which engaged dozens of local artists to use these spaces as an opportunity for expression and civic engagement. More than 100 murals, including the one on our cover, were painted in and around State Street, creating a vibrant visual dialogue addressing racism, memorializing lost lives and inspiring love. Artists participated in panel discussions and were highlighted in local and national media. “Let’s Talk About It: The Art, The Artists and the Racial Justice Movement on Madison’s State Street,” a book focused on the project, was produced by (and is available through) the American Family Insurance Institute for Corporate and Social Impact. In addition, several of the murals will become part of the permanent collection of the Wisconsin Historical Museum. MCF’s long-standing vision — that greater Madison will be a vibrant and generous place where all people thrive — is impossible to achieve without ending racism. We remain committed to this journey.
    [Show full text]
  • July 29, 2013 Alcohol Policy in Wisconsin History
    July 29, 2013 Alcohol Policy in Wisconsin History No single aspect of Wisconsin’s history, regulatory system or ethnic composition is responsible for our alcohol environment. Many statements about Wisconsin carry the implicit assumption that our destructive alcohol environment (sometimes called the alcohol culture) has always been present and like Wisconsin’s geographic features it is unchanging and unchangeable. This timeline offers an alternative picture of Wisconsin’s past. Today’s alcohol environment is very different from early Wisconsin where an active temperance movement existed before commercial brewing. Few people realize that many Wisconsin communities voted themselves “dry” before Prohibition. While some of those early policies are impractical and even quaint by modern standards, they suggest our current alcohol environment evolved over time. The policies and practices that unintentionally result in alcohol misuse are not historical treasures but simply ideas that may have outlived their usefulness. This timeline includes some historical events unrelated to Wisconsin to place state history within the larger context of American history. This document does not include significant events relating to alcohol production in Wisconsin. Beer production, as well as malt and yeast making were important aspects of Wisconsin’s, especially Milwaukee’s, history. But Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance, its late President, Edmund Fitzgerald, industrial giant Allis Chalmers, shipbuilding and the timber industry have all contributed to Wisconsin’s history. Adding only the brewing industry to this time-line would distort brewing’s importance to Wisconsin and diminishes the many contributions made by other industries. Alcohol Policy in Wisconsin History 1776: Benjamin Rush, a physician and signer of the Declaration of Independence, is considered America’s first temperance leader.
    [Show full text]
  • A Historical Geography of the Paper Industry in the Wisconsin River Valley
    A HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE PAPER INDUSTRY IN THE WISCONSIN RIVER VALLEY By [Copyright 2016] Katie L. Weichelt Submitted to the graduate degree program in Geography& Atmospheric Science and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. James R. Shortridge ________________________________ Dr. Jay T. Johnson ________________________________ Dr. Stephen Egbert ________________________________ Dr. Kim Warren ________________________________ Dr. Phillip J. Englehart Date Defended: April 18, 2016 The Dissertation Committee for Katie L. Weichelt certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: A HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE PAPER INDUSTRY IN THE WISCONSIN RIVER VALLEY ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. James R. Shortridge Date approved: April 18, 2016 ii Abstract The paper industry, which has played a vital social, economic, and cultural role throughout the Wisconsin River valley, has been under pressure in recent decades. Technology has lowered demand for paper and Asian producers are now competing with North American mills. As a result, many mills throughout the valley have been closed or purchased by nonlocal corporations. Such economic disruption is not new to this region. Indeed, paper manufacture itself emerged when local businessmen diversified their investments following the decline of the timber industry. New technology in the late nineteenth century enabled paper to be made from wood pulp, rather than rags. The area’s scrub trees, bypassed by earlier loggers, produced quality pulp, and the river provided a reliable power source for new factories. By the early decades of the twentieth century, a chain of paper mills dotted the banks of the Wisconsin River.
    [Show full text]
  • Outdoor Sculpture Walk
    Outdoor Sculpture Walk Walla Walla, Washington 5 To begin your outdoor sculpture Back toward Ankeny Field and Maxey Hall, you tour, park in the Hall of Science will see a dark brown metal sculpture. parking lot and proceed east past the Rempel Greenhouse to Ankeny 5. Lava Ridge, 1978, Lee Kelly. A noted artist Field for the tour’s first piece. from Oregon City, Ore., Kelly draws inspiration from ancient and contemporary sources. This steel 1. Styx, 2002, Deborah sculpture was acquired in 2002 with funds from the Garvin Family Art Fund. Butterfield. An artist from Bozeman, Mont., Butterfield acquired the original driftwood for the horse from the Columbia and Snake rivers. The bronze was cast at the Walla Walla 1 Foundry, owned and operated by Whitman 6 Follow the sidewalk on the east end of alumnus Mark Anderson ’78. Maxey Hall, and you will see two totem poles. Head straight up the left side of Ankeny Field to the northeast corner and Jewett Hall’s terrace. There you will see two 6. The Benedict Totem was donated by students in deep concentration. Lloyd Benedict ’41. 2. Students Playing 4D Tic Tac Toe, 1994, Richard Beyer. Throughout the Northwest, Beyer is known for his realistic public art. This 7 7. Totem Pole, 2000, Jewell Praying Wolf piece, cast in aluminum, was commissioned by James. A master carver of the Lummi Nation of the Class of 1954 and represents both the Native Americans of northwestern Washington, 2 intellectual and playful aspects of college life. James carved the 24-foot totem from western red cedar in a combination of Coast Salish and Alaska 3 Native styles.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin Great Lakes Chronicle 2005 CONTENTS
    Wisconsin Great Lakes Chronicle 2005 CONTENTS Foreword . .1 Governor Jim Doyle Apostle Islands Wilderness . .2 Harald (Jordy) Jordahl Sustainable Development in the Menomonee Valley . .4 Mary Beth Driscoll Protecting Beach Health in Door County . .6 Vinni Chomeau Lake Michigan Communities Reinvent for Tourism . .8 Jennifer Garrett Coastal Performance Indicators . .10 Elizabeth Mountz Waterfront Redevelopment . .12 Andrew Savagian State and Federal Coordination on Wisconsin’s Great Lakes . .14 Kathleen Angel 2005 Wisconsin Coastal Management Program Grants . .16 Acknowledgements . .20 On the Cover A sailing charter cruises among the Apostle Islands in the blue waters of Lake Superior. FOREWORD Governor Jim Doyle Dear Friend of Wisconsin’s Great Lakes: The 1,100 miles of been adopted by the Great Lakes Mayors and the The responsibility to restore and protect the Great Great Lakes shoreline in Great Lakes Commission. Among them: Lakes is not limited to state and local government. Wisconsin shape who We call upon the federal government to recognize • Confront the challenge of invasive species and we are in this state. the value of our Great Lakes and the influence they guard against ballast water discharges from ocean- Lake Superior and Lake have on our country’s welfare. We need a going ships that can damage the Lakes forever; Michigan are critically commitment of federal resources comparable to important for commerce, • Protect the sustainable use of our water resources those provided for ecological restoration in the Gulf safe drinking water and while confirming that the States retain authority of Mexico, the Everglades and San Francisco Bay. countless recreational over water use and diversions of Great Lakes waters; One of Wisconsin’s—and America’s—greatest opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • 35800 PKZ KA-8 BNF PNP Manual .Indb
    Ka-8 Instruction Manual / Bedienungsanleitung Manuel d’utilisation / Manuale di Istruzioni EN NOTICE All instructions, warranties and other collateral documents are subject to change at the sole discretion of Horizon Hobby, Inc. For up-to-date product literature, visit www.horizonhobby.com and click on the support tab for this product. Meaning of Special Language: The following terms are used throughout the product literature to indicate various levels of potential harm when operating this product: NOTICE: Procedures, which if not properly followed, create a possibility of physical property damage AND little or no possibility of injury. CAUTION: Procedures, which if not properly followed, create the probability of physical property damage AND a possibility of serious injury. WARNING: Procedures, which if not properly followed, create the probability of property damage, collateral damage, and serious injury OR create a high probability of superfi cial injury. WARNING: Read the ENTIRE instruction manual to become familiar with the features of the product before operating. Failure to operate the product correctly can result in damage to the product, personal property and cause serious injury. This is a sophisticated hobby product. It must be operated with caution and common sense and requires some basic mechanical ability. Failure to oper- ate this Product in a safe and responsible manner could result in injury or damage to the product or other property. This product is not intended for use by children without direct adult supervision. Do not use with incompatible components or alter this product in any way outside of the instructions provided by Horizon Hobby, Inc. This manual contains instructions for safety, operation and maintenance.
    [Show full text]
  • Our County, Our Story; Portage County, Wisconsin
    Our County Our Story PORTAGE COUNTY WISCONSIN BY Malcolm Rosholt Charles M. White Memorial Public LibrarJ PORTAGE COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS STEVENS POINT, \VISCONSIN 1959 Copyright, 1959, by the PORTAGE COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AT WORZALLA PUBLISHING COMPANY STEVENS POINT, WISCONSIN FOREWORD With the approach of the first frost in Portage County the leaves begin to fall from the white birch and the poplar trees. Shortly the basswood turns yellow and the elm tree takes on a reddish hue. The real glory of autumn begins in October when the maples, as if blushing in modesty, turn to gold and crimson, and the entire forest around is aflame with color set off against deeper shades of evergreens and newly-planted Christmas trees. To me this is the most beautiful season of the year. But it is not of her beauty only that I write, but of her colorful past, for Portage County is already rich in history and legend. And I share, in part, at least, the conviction of Margaret Fuller who wrote more than a century ago that "not one seed from the past" should be lost. Some may wonder why I include the names listed in the first tax rolls. It is part of my purpose to anchor these names in our history because, if for no other reas­ on, they were here first and there can never be another first. The spellings of names and places follow the spellings in the documents as far as legibility permits. Some no doubt are incorrect in the original entry, but the major­ ity were probably correct and since have changed, which makes the original entry a matter of historic significance.
    [Show full text]
  • The Geology at Pope Farm
    Gifts of the Ice: The Welcome! What’s so great about Wisconsin? Just about everything! Geology of Pope Farm We have lakes and rivers, farmlands and forests, and A Self-Guided Tour of Pope Farm Conservancy some of the oldest and youngest rocks in the world. Wisconsin has changed a lot over the billions of years of its geologic history. This self-guided tour will take you on a journey through Wisconsin’s geologic story as told by Pope Farm Conservancy. Station 1: Glacial Geology Amphitheater Pretend you are back in time 18,000 years ago. You’re sitting near the edge of a huge ice sheet, called the Green Bay Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The land that will become Pope Farm Conservancy is near the edge of this glacier. Ice covers much of North America and reaches its maximum extent in this area at the Johnstown End Moraine, just east of Timber Lane, about 1.5 miles to the west of the park. The land further west of that was never glaciated and is called the Driftless Area. The continental ice sheet is made of many glaciers that act like slow, frozen streams. When the climate is cold, they flow far to the south. When the climate warms, they melt northward faster than they flow south. When the ice flows and melts at the same rate, rocks in the ice melt out and pile up, forming a ridge called a moraine. You Tour Length: One and a half hours are standing on such a ridge, where the ice paused, Please note—tour trail covers moderate to steep terrain.
    [Show full text]
  • A Structural Analysis of Constantin Brancusi's
    A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CONSTANTIN BRANCUSI'S STONE SCULPTURE by LESLIE ALLAN DAWN B.A., M.A., University of Victoria A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Art History We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard © LESLIE ALLAN DAWN UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA October 1982 All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part3 by mimeograph or other means3 without the permission of the author. In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of Ws>TQg.»? CF E)g.T The University of British Columbia 1956 Main Mall Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Y3 Date (3/81) i i ABSTRACT It has long been recognized by Sidney Geist and others that Constantin Brancusi's stone work, after 1907, forms a coherent totality in which each component depends on its relationship to the whole for its significance; in short, the oeuvre comprises a rigorous sculptural language. Up to the present, however, formalist approaches have proven insufficient for decodifying the clear design which can be intuited in the language.
    [Show full text]