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The Asian Military Revolution: from Gunpowder to the Bomb Peter A
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-60954-8 - The Asian Military Revolution: From Gunpowder to the Bomb Peter A. Lorge Frontmatter More information The Asian Military Revolution Records show that the Chinese invented gunpowder in the 800s. By the 1200s they had unleashed the first weapons of war upon their unsus- pecting neighbors. How did they react? What were the effects of these first wars? This extraordinarily ambitious book traces the history of that invention and its impact on the surrounding Asian world – Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia and South Asia – from the ninth through the twentieth century. As the book makes clear, the spread of war and its technology had devastating consequences on the political and cultural fabric of those early societies although each reacted very differently. The book, which is packed with information about military strategy, interregional warfare, and the development of armaments, also engages with the major debates and challenges traditional thinking on Europe’s contri- bution to military technology in Asia. Articulate and comprehensive, this book will be a welcome addition to the undergraduate classroom and to all those interested in Asian studies and military history. PETER LORGE is Senior Lecturer in the Department of History at Vanderbilt University, Tennessee. His previous publications include War, Politics and Society in Early Modern China (2005) and The International Reader in Military History: China Pre-1600 (2005). © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-60954-8 - The Asian Military Revolution: From Gunpowder to the Bomb Peter A. Lorge Frontmatter More information New Approaches to Asian History This dynamic new series will publish books on the milestones in Asian history, those that have come to define particular periods or mark turning-points in the political, cultural and social evolution of the region. -
Prices of Weapons and Munitions in Early Sixteenth Century Holland During the Guelders War1
James P. Ward Prices of Weapons and Munitions in Early Sixteenth Century Holland during the Guelders War1 1. Introduction The adage that to have peace one has to prepare for war may not be of Classical antiquity but the principle was known to Livy and the Ancients,2 and so the influence of the weapons industry on world peace and economy hardly needs to be emphasized now. The purpose of this article is both to present data on retail prices of individual weapons and munitions of war in the first decades of the sixteenth century in Holland, and to show how the magistrates there prepared to defend their cities against an aggressor by purchasing weapons to arm the citizens. Prices quoted here for strategic commodities of war in the early sixteenth century complement those given by Posthumus in his survey of prices for the later sixteenth century and beyond.3 Kuypers published inventories of weapons maintained in castles and elsewhere in Holland and the Netherlands in the first half of the sixteenth century, but the cities of Holland were not included in his descriptions.4 A recent study by De Jong reveals the growth of the early modern weapons industry in the Republic of the United Netherlands in the period 1585-1621 as part of a process of state formation based on entrepreneurship, economic growth and military reform.5 As sources for the present investigation accounts of the Treasurer for North-Holland at The Hague, and of the city treasurers of Haarlem, Leiden, Dordrecht and Gouda were examined for expenditures on weapons and munitions. -
The Gunpowder Age China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History 1St Edition Download Free
THE GUNPOWDER AGE CHINA, MILITARY INNOVATION, AND THE RISE OF THE WEST IN WORLD HISTORY 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Tonio Andrade | 9780691135977 | | | | | Tonio Andrade Finally the Jin made a frontal assault and the Rise of the West in World History 1st edition the walls and scaled them, after which followed a merciless hunt for soldiers, officers, and officials of every level. Interaction with the outside world and adaptation in Southeast Asian society — His answer is a clarification of previously common answers. All in all a great read that helps also set the context for how China may view its c A fascinating look at why China 'fell behind' even though it was a leading pioneer of Gunpowder use in warfare. Anyone interested in the long view of the co-evolution of war and society—and what this means for the big questions of Military Innovation history—would do well to pick up this book. Gunpowder technology also spread to naval warfare and in Song decreed that all warships were to be fitted with trebuchets for hurling gunpowder bombs. They had bam-boo rods, a rocket-body lashed to the rod, and iron points. What happened? One of the first, if not the first of these weapons was the fire arrow. Interestingly, Andrade doesn't attribute discipline and drill among those innovations. February 4, The other was the 'flame-spouting lance' t'u huo ch'iang. January As Andrade explains, these would fail in the face of Western power largely because of confusion stemming from the Chinese court — even though Manchu emperors, themselves Confucians, understood the importance of warfare. -
Gunpowder and Arab Firearms in Middle Ages
Gladius, VI (1967), pp. 45-58 A. Rahman Zaky ISSN 0435-029X GUNPOWDERGUNPOWDER ANDAND ARABARAB FIREARMSFIREARMS ININ MIDDLEMIDDLE AGESAGES BYBY A.A. RAHMANRAHMAN ZAKYZAKY GUNPOWDERGUNPOWDER (BARUD)(BARUD) THERETHERE isis nono certaintycertainty asas toto thethe actualactual datedate ofof thethe inventioninvention ofof gungun- powder.powder. TheThe evidenceevidence thatthat thethe ChineseChinese possessedpossessed itit inin ancientancient timestimes isis notnot conclusive.conclusive. AmongAmong thethe claimantsclaimants ofof discoveringdiscovering gunpowdergunpowder areare Chinese,Chinese. Indians,Indians. Greeks,Greeks. Arabs,Arabs.z EnglishEnglish" andand Germans.Germans. WhoWho firstfirst thoughtthought ofof propellingpropelling aa ballball throughthrough aa metalmetal tubetube by explodingexploding gungun- powderpowder isis unknown; anyhow;anyhow; itit certainlycertainly 'waswas notnot MonkMonk BertholdBerthold Schwartz.Schwartz. IsIs therethere anyany probability thatthat RogerRoger BaconBacon (c.(c. 1214-1292)1214-1292) waswas thethe discovererdiscoverer ofof gunpowder?gunpowder? HisHis formulaformula waswas hiddenhidden awayaway inin crypticcryptic writingswritings onlyonly recentlyrecently solved.solved. RearrangingRearranging thethe lettersletters ofof hishis strangestrange words,words, wewe get:get: «take<(take77 partsparts ofof saltpetre,saltpetre, 55 ofof young hazelwoodhazelwood (charcoal),(charcoal), andand 55 ofof sulphur».sulphur>>. ThoughThough BaconBacon suggestssuggests thatthat byby meansmeans ofof thisthis explosiveexplosive -
Orléans 1429
Orléans 1429 1.1 The Bombard 1.1.1 Operation A single bombard cannot batter more than one hex per day. It can batter different hexes on different days. In a single day, several engines can either batter different hexes or they can combine their Battering Points together against one hex. A bombard is worth 5 Battering Points. 1.1.2 Tactical operation A bombard can fire once every 5 turns, in the same sequence as crossbows (still totally unrealistic as the real frequency was 2 per hour, but this is for better game play). 5 servants including one engineer are necessary to operate the bombard in a tactical game: They must be adjacent to the bombard and perform no other actions for 5 turns to operate it (historically, the crew was between 10 and 20). Note: Use markers from VIKINGS numbered 1 through 5 to keep track of each turn while the bombard is reloading. 1.1.2.1 Movement A bombard cannot be moved. 1.1.2.2 Fire restrictions Firing through an hex with a bombard is not allowed. 1.1.2.3 Movement restrictions Moving through an hex with a bombard is not allowed. 1.1.3 Resolving fire The range of a bombard is 110 hexes. The actual hex where the stone will land is within a 2-hex radius of the targeted hex due to the poor accuracy of the engine. Roll 2D10 to locate the impact hex where the stone landed (which very likely will be different from your target hex). Arrows indicate the direction of the missile, whether the line of fire crosses a hex side or a hex angle. -
Codex Martialis: Weapons of the Ancient World
Cod ex Mart ial is Weapo ns o f t he An cie nt Wor ld : Par t 2 Arm or a nd M issile Weapo ns Codex Martialis : Weapons of the A ncient World Par t II : Ar mo r an d Mi ss il e We ap on s 1 188.6.65.233 Cod ex Mart ial is Weapo ns o f t he An cie nt Wor ld : Par t 2 Arm or a nd M issile Weapo ns Codex Martialis: Weapons of the Ancient World Part 2 , Ar mor an d Missile Weapo ns Versi on 1 .6 4 Codex Ma rtia lis Copyr ig ht 2 00 8, 2 0 09 , 20 1 0, 2 01 1, 20 1 2,20 13 J ean He nri Cha nd ler 0Credits Codex Ma rtia lis W eapons of th e An ci ent Wo rld : Jean He nri Chandler Art ists: Jean He nri Cha nd ler , Reyna rd R ochon , Ram on Esteve z Proofr ead ers: Mi chael Cur l Special Thanks to: Fabri ce C og not of De Tail le et d 'Esto c for ad vice , suppor t and sporad ic fa ct-che cki ng Ian P lum b for h osting th e Co de x Martia lis we bsite an d co n tinu in g to prov id e a dvice an d suppo rt wit ho ut which I nev e r w oul d have publish ed anyt hi ng i ndepe nd ent ly. -
Big Era Six the Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 CE
Big Era Six The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 CE Landscape Teaching Unit 6.3 Rulers with Guns: the Rise of Powerful States 1400-1800 CE Table of Contents Why this unit? 2 Unit objectives 2 Time and materials 2 Author 2 The historical context 2 This unit in the Big Era timeline 3 Lesson 1: What is Gunpowder? 4 LessontT 2: Bells, Buddhas, and Bombards: Military Gunpowder Technology 10 Lesson 3: Bombs, Bullets, and Bureaucracies: the Growth of Centralized States 17 Lesson 4: Effects of Gunpowder in Different Societies 22 Lesson 5: Portraits of Potentates 28 This unit and the Three Essential Questions 38 This unit and the Seven Key Themes 38 This unit and the Standards in Historical Thinking 38 Resources 39 Conceptual links to other lessons 40 World History for Us All A project of the UCLA Department of History’s Public History Initiative National Center for History in the Schools https://whfua.history.ucla.edu World History for Us All Big Era 6 Landscape 6.3 Why this unit? The invention and spread of gunpowder technology is a case study in technological diffusion and one that had profound effects on human society. For some historians, the appearance of firearms marks the beginning of the modern era because it had a huge impact on the direction of human history. Students need to understand the nature of this innovation, its military and civilian applications, and the profound changes that political leaders’ use of it brought about. From a world historical perspective, it is important to widen the lens from a traditionally narrow focus on events in Europe related to this new technology to take in the consequences for peoples and societies around the world. -
A Comparative Study of the Origin of Legal Protections on Gun Rights
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Honors Program 3-14-2021 Practicality or Principle: A Comparative Study of the Origin of Legal Protections on Gun Rights Robert (RJ) Haskin University of Nebraska - Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorstheses Part of the Gifted Education Commons, Higher Education Commons, Other Education Commons, and the Political Science Commons Haskin, Robert (RJ), "Practicality or Principle: A Comparative Study of the Origin of Legal Protections on Gun Rights" (2021). Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. 333. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorstheses/333 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. PRACTICALITY OR PRINCIPLE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ORIGIN OF LEGAL PROTECTIONS ON GUN RIGHTS An Undergraduate Honors Thesis Submitted in Partial fulfillment of University Honors Program Requirements University of Nebraska-Lincoln by RJ Haskin, BA Political Science College of Arts and Sciences March 14, 2021 Faculty Mentors: Elizabeth Theiss-Morse, PhD, Political Science John Bender, PhD, Journalism Haskin 1 Abstract This study examines the legal protections of the right to bear arms as an extension of John Locke’s principles of government. Whereas most studies of the right to bear arms focus on the contemporary practical consequences of an armed populace, I focus on the foundations of the right and how it has been exercised across the diverse circumstances of the U.S. -
Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450
Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450 Edited by Craig Clunas, Jessica Harrison-Hall and Luk Yu-ping Publishers Research and publication supported by the Arts and The British Museum Humanities Research Council Great Russell Street London wc1b 3dg Series editor The Ming conference was generously supported by Sarah Faulks The Sir Percival David Foundation Percival David Foundation Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450 Edited by Craig Clunas, Jessica Harrison-Hall This publication is made possible in part by a grant from and Luk Yu-ping the James P. Geiss Foundation, a non-profit foundation that sponsors research on China’s Ming dynasty isbn 978 0 86159 205 0 (1368–1644) issn 1747 3640 Names of institutions appear according to the conventions of international copyright law and have no other significance. The names shown and the designations used on the map on pp. viii–ix do not imply official endorsement Research and publication supported by Eskenazi Ltd. or acceptance by the British Museum. London © The Trustees of the British Museum 2016 Text by British Museum staff © 2016 The Trustees of the British Museum 2016. All other text © 2016 individual This publication arises from research funded by the contributors as listed on pp. iii–v John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund Front cover: Gold pillow end, one of a pair, inlaid with jewels, 1425–35. British Museum, London (1949,1213.1) Pg. vi: Anonymous, The Lion and His Keeper, Ming dynasty, c. 1400–1500. Hanging scroll, ink and colours on silk. Image: height 163.4cm, width 100cm; with mount: height 254.2cm, width 108cm. -
Matchlock Manual 2009-10-29.Indd
National Park Service Manual of Instruction for the Safe Use of Reproduction Matchlock Muskets in Interpretive Demonstrations 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Part I: Introduction 1 Part II: Nomenclature 2 Part III: Inspection and Maintenance 5 Part IV: Drill 8 Part V: Misfi re Procedures 24 Part VI: Laboratory 27 Bibliography 30 3 4 PART I - INTRODUCTION This manual sets forth the procedure that must be followed by persons demonstrating matchlocks, to the public in areas Demonstrators must be: administered by the National Park Service. It also provides instruction on proper maintenance, inspection, and repair 1. Able to execute the required manual of arms without error. procedures. This manual must be used in conjunction with the National Park Service-wide Directors Orders DO-6, 2. Competent to perform the appropriate misfi re procedures Interpretation, and Historic Weapons Safety Standards. without mistake. The information in this manual largely comes from primary 3. Instructed in a proper manner to present demonstrations resources from the period during which the weapon described with maximum safety to themselves and the visitor. was used. Several generations of National Park Service historic weapons supervisors and interpreters have modifi ed these 4. Profi cient in methods of cleaning and storing fi rearms and original texts to: improve demonstrator and visitor safety, make other historic weapons. the original texts more comprehensible, and to incorporate knowledge gained from years of actually using these weapons in 5. Knowledgeable in the methods of storing, handling, and the fi eld. transporting black powder within the Park. The park’s Certifi ed Historic Weapons Supervisor is responsible 6. -
1599: the Origins of Firepower
Transition, 1450 – 1599: the origins of firepower In the second half of the 15th century a fundamental transition began in the technology of battlefield weapons that was to have a far-reaching effect on the nature of warfare. This has been the subject of much debate amongst historians, some of whom promote and others challenge the idea of a 16th-century military revolution, and argue about its chronology.1 However, with the exception of study of the surviving ordnance of the internationally important 15th-century Burgundian army and the military equipment on the Mary Rose almost all the evidence has been taken from written records. 2 The impact on this subject of the longbows discovered on the Mary Rose cannot be overestimated, yet the ship also provides a snapshot of the transition in progress, with hundreds of lead bullets and composite roundshot preserved alongside the more famous longbows. Yet there is more that archaeology can contribute, particularly from fields of conflict, if the character, location and potential of the archaeological evidence is recognised. Battle archaeology can provide new evidence about the actual use of the new technology. Battlefields of the late 15th and 16th century have a high research potential because of the contribution that they might make to the understanding of the introduction of firearms. The introduction of lead ammunition for small arms and some artillery in the early modern transition had a major impact on what kinds of evidence for battle archaeology actually survive. From the work at Flodden and Pinkie in 2005-2007, lead and composite lead/iron bullets for hand held weapons and roundshot for artillery would appear to be the main classes of finds from 16th-century battlefields. -
This Study Guide Is a Useful Key to Unlocking the Many Educational
2018 Discovery Guide Renaissance Resources for Teachers & Students EDUCATION DAY Friday, November 2nd, 2018 9:30am – 3:00pm Teacher Information Section.......................................................................................................................... 4 The Lady of the Lakes Renaissance Faire ........................................................................................... 4 About the Faire..................................................................................................................................... 4 The Intrigue .......................................................................................................................................... 4 The Politics of England................................................................................................................................. 5 Accession of James VI of Scotland in 1603 to the English Throne ......................................................... 5 Early Years ........................................................................................................................................... 5 King of England ................................................................................................................................... 5 Gunpowder Plot – Guy Fawkes ................................................................................................................ 5 Discovery ............................................................................................................................................