18.1 Electric Charge and Static Electricity Electricity Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E27XDNf2cxc Electric Charge
Electric Charge The property of matter that gives it the ability to attract and repel other matter.
• Atoms have positive charges (protons) • Atoms have negative charges (electrons)
• If an atom gains or loses electrons it becomes electrically charged Electric Charge
The Atom Electric Forces
Electric Forces Electric Force are the attraction and repulsion of electric charges
Law of Electrostatics . Like charges repel . Opposite charges attract
The strength of electric forces depends on the strength of the electric charges Electric Fields
Electric Fields Electric Fields are the space around the charge particle that it can affect.
. An electric fields strength is dependent on two things:
1. Strength of the charge 2. Distance from the charge Static Electricity
Static Electricity Static Electricity is the study of the behavior of electric charges, including how charges are transferred between objects.
. When walking across carpet with socks on your body collects negative charges
. Touching another object like a doorknob or your friend causes negative charge (electrons) to “jump” to the positive object Static Electricity Transferring Charges
Three ways to transfer a charge:
1. Friction 2. Conduction (Direct Contact) 3. Induction Transferring Charges
Friction Charge transferred by objects rubbing together
Example Rubbing a balloon on your hair Transferring Charges
Conduction Charge transferred by direct contact
Example A metal rod touching a charged object Transferring Charges
Induction Charge transferred from a distance
Example Charged hand near a doorknob Transferring Charges
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n1pSHzdahc 18.1 Assessment
Question #1 How is a net electric charge produced?
An excess or shortage of electrons produces a net electrical charge.
Question #2 What determines whether charges attract or repel?
. Like charges will repel . Opposite charges will attract 18.1 Assessment
Question #3 Name two factors that affect the strength of an electric field.
1. Net Charge 2. Distance from the charge
Question #4 List three methods of charge transfer.
1. Friction 2. Conduction (Direct Contact) 3. Induction 18.1 Assessment
Question #5 What is the Law of Electrostatics?
Like charges repel and opposite charges attract