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August 9, 1949 Issue of the Congressional Record

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August 9, 1949 Issue of the Congressional Record 11104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE AUGUST 9 The good offices of the Secretary General are An armlstfoe has been achieved in Pales­ ing the Governments of the countries con ~ always available to facilitate such consul­ tine, and the terms of a peaceful settlement cerned, their peoples, and the world as' a tations. are being negotiated. Nine hundred thou­ whole, would certainly benefit if all the UNITED NATIONS FIELD. SERVICE sand Arabs are receiving assistance from the applicants were to be admitted to the organi­ With a view to strengthening the work of United Nations; many of them must be re­ zation at the next session of the General mediation and conciliation. I suggested to settled or repatriated. The new State of Assembly. the last session of the General Assembly the Israel has yet to establish its economic via­ I commend to the member governments, establishment of a United Nations guard. bility. Both Israel and the Arab States need and to the peoples of the world, the study of This guard would have no military duties a substantial, coordinated effort in economic the full record of the United Nations during but would assist United Nations missions on development to raise their living standards. the 12 months ending June 30, 1949, as set their peaceful errands to the world's troubled I believe . that this area should be given forth in the chapters that follow. It ls a rec­ areas. In the light of suggestions made by high priority in the proposed United Na­ ord of achievement in the prevention of war member governments I have modified that tions program of technical assistance for un­ and in the steady construction of the foun­ proposal. I have now suggested to the spe­ derdeveloped countries. This would make dations of a more peaceful and prosperous cial committee established by the· General it possible for comprehensive plans to be world. Assembly to examine this matter of the es­ worked out for regional economic develop­ TRYGVE LIE, JULY 1949. Secretary General. tablishment of a uniformed United Nations ment on a large scale in the whole area; field service of 300 men, who would be these plans might include river valley de­ RECESS - seconded or otherwise made available, on a velopments, such as the Tennessee Valley basis of geographical distribution, from the Authority in the United States, in respect Mr. LUCAS. I move that the Senate services of member governments for a period of the valleys of the Tigris, the Euphrates stand ·in recess until 12 o'clock noon to­ of from 1 to 3 years for protective and tech­ and the Jordan, and of the further develop­ morrow. nical duties both at headquarters and in ment of the valley of the Nile. The first The motion was agreed to; and <at 5 the field. I have also suggested the creation step is technical assistance, the next is finan­ o'clock and 45 minutes p. m.) the Senate of a panel of 2,000 men who could be called cial investment. By carrying out both steps through the United Nations the burdens as took a recess until tomorrow, Wednesday, upon for truce observation and plebiscite August 10, 1949, at 12 o'clock meridian. duties by the competent United Nations or­ well as the benefits can be shared equitably gans as the need arises. None· of the men in among participating countries. the field service would carry arms, except Whatever· is done in the Near East should NOMINATION sidearms for self-protection when this was not, of course, impede or delay ·similar pro­ Executive nomination received by the deemed necessary. Under the revised plan grams for technical assistance and economic Senate August 9 (legislative day of June the cost to the Organization would be kept development in other parts of Asia and Africa to a minimum, while the advantages of the and in Latin America. · 2)' 1949: IN THE NAVY original proposal would be retained. The ACTION TO MEET ECONOMIC DIFFICULTIES Capt. Calvin M. Bolster, United States Secretariat, which has been steadily improv­ Although there have been considerable im­ ing its efficiency, thus would be given the Navy, for temporary appointment to the provements in ipany aspects of the world grade of rear admiral in the line of the Navy. means that it needs to meet its increasing economie situation the basic conditions for responsibilities, and the power 'and prestige economic stability and orderly development of the United Nations in the peaceful settle­ have not yet been established. ment of disputes would be strengthened. Of particular importance is the continued ITALIAN COLONIES . and persistent disequilibrium in interna­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The General Assembly at its third regular tional trade and payments. Little progress session did not reach an agreement on the has been made toward a solution of this TUESDAY, AUGUST 9, 1949 disposition of the former Italian colonies. grave problem. The consequences have been The question wm come before the fourth particularly harmful for the weaker and less The House met at 12 o'clock noon. regular session of the General . A~sembly this favored countries. · · Rev. Pacifico A. Ortiz, S. J., offered the autumn. -Moreover, if the recent slackening of eco­ following prayer: The debate on this question at the second nomic activity in some countries were per­ part of the third session was significant ·in mitted to continue, it would cause large­ In the name of the Father and of the several ways. It reflected the growing in­ scale unemployment in those countries, and Son and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. o fluence of the nations of Asia and Africa. at the same time would aggravate the exist­ God, who in Thy sweet providence didst Those nations played ·a decisive part in pre­ ing economic maladjustments in the world bring our two nations together, and venting the adoption of a compromise pro­ as a whole. Another world-wide economic through the ordeals of war didst keep posal which they felt was unsatisfactory crisis would be a tragedy that can be pre­ to a majority of the inhabitants of the ter­ vented, if the governments of the world find them true to one another, teach us, we ritories concerned. The debate also brought . a common -basis for concerted action. A humbly pray, the wisdom to cherish and forth considerable support for the concept solution for these immensely complicated preserve', in peace, the finest things we of a direct United Nations trusteeship, a pro­ problems cannot be found by single coun­ learned in war: faith in each other, posal originally suggested by the United tries acting in isolation nor by any limited brotherhood which knew no race, friend­ States Government at the first London meet­ group of nations. ship which did not count the cost. That ing of the Council of Foreign Ministers. Fortunately, the member governments putting our trust not on bombs but. on I recognize the political and practical diffi­ have in- the United Nations and the special­ culties involved in .a direct United Nations ized agencies, the international machinery good will, not on-dollars but on fair play, trusteeship for the territories during the rel­ that makes it. possible for them to take the relying not so much on the devices of atively brief period that may precede their necessary concerted action. It is urgent that our human wisdom as on the workings of independence. Nevertheless, I believe that they use this machinery to come to grips Thy divine grace, we may yet become, statesmanship on the part of the Govern­ with these pres.sing economic problems. when guided by the better angels of our ments could lead to such a solution of the UNIVERSALITY OF MEMBERSHIP nature, the harbin_gers of Thy hope un~o problem, and that the political ·difficulties the peoples of the east, and unto the west, could be dealt with if the practical difficulties The applications of 14 countries for mem­ could be overcome. The best solution, in bership in the United Nations are pending. the instruments of Thy peace. Through my opinion, would be a direct United Nations These· are, in the order of their applications: Christ our Lord. Amen. trusteeship with an administrator responsi­ Albania, Mongolian People's Republic, Jor­ ble solely to the Trusteeship Council. It is, dan, Portugal, Ireland, Hungary, Italy, The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ of course, for the member governments to Austria, Rumania, Bulgaria, Pinland, Ceylon, terday was read and approved. Korea, and Nepal. 111.Iost of these countries decide, but I feel sure that such a bold for­ MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE ward step would help the peoples of the ter­ have been .waiting for more than 2 years to ritories concerned to follow the peaceful path be admitted. A message from the Senate, by Mr. toward self-government or independence, and Member governments are familiar with my McDaniel, its enrolling clerk, announced that it would strengthen the confidence of views on the desirability of moving as rapidly that the Senate had passed, with amend­ dependent peoples all over the world in as possible toward universality of member­ ship. I have expressed them on several occa­ ments in which the concurrence of the the United Nations and in the member gov­ sions during the past, 3 years. I am well House is requested, a bill of the House of ernments who would have made such a solu­ the following title: tion possible. aware of the objections that have been raised against the admission of these states, but· I H. R. 4830. An act making appropriations PEACE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FOR THE believe that such objections could be better for foreign aid for the fiscal year ending N!"AR EAST dealt with if the applicants were inside the June 30, 1950, and for other purposes.
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