Index
Acker, C. Edward, 39, 72 British Airways, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, Aer Lingus (Aer Lingus Teoranta), 12, 15, 16, 18, 20, 26, 33, 43, 19, 57, 126, 144, 150 44, 45, 47, 51-3, 54, 55, 56, Aeroflot, 47, 57 59, 94, 99, 108, 110, 113, 114, Aerolineas Argentinas, 73 116, 117, 118-20, 123, 124, Aeromexico, 73 126, 135, 137, 139, 141, 142, Aerovias Nacionales de Colombia 143, 144, 147, 148, 149, 150, (Avianca), 73 151, 154, 158, 182, 184, 189 Air Afrique (Societe Aerienne British Caledonian Airways (BCal), Africaine Multinationale) , 10, 12, 19, 29, 45, 47, 53-4, 88, 130, 133 55, 59, 111, 112, 114, 116, Air Algerie (Societe Nationale 117, 126, 132, 139, 141, 142, de Tr~nsport et de Travail 144, 145, 146, 148, 154, 185 Aerien), 88, 130 British European Airways (BEA) , Air Canada, 6, 8,11,12,18, 8, 33, 45, 51, 125 67-8, 73, 111, 127, 128, 139, British Midland Airways (BMA) , 19 144, 150 British Overseas Airways Corpora Air France, 7, 21, 33, 57, 110, tion (BOAC), 1,7,8,33,45, 120, 125, 126, 139, 150 51, 94, 125 Air India, 99-100,101,111,129, Burr, Donald, 28 131, 139, 142, 144, 150 Air Mauritius, 84 Air New Zealand, 45, 101, 131 Cabin Service, see In-flight Air Portugal - TAP, 6, 55, 58, Service 110, 112, 126, 139, 144, 1~5, Cargo, 173 153 Carlzon, Jan, 41, 42, 43, 133 Air Tanzania, 84-5 Casey, John J, 40 Air Zaire, 45, 88, 130 Cathay Pacific Airways, 29, 45, Air Zimbabwe, 45, 89 97, 98, 102, 131, 144 Airline Deregulation Act 1978, Ceskoslovenskie Aerolinie (CSA) , 9, 65-6 59 Alia Royal Jordanian Airlines, China Airlines (CAL), 12, ~8, 86, 89 102, 114, 131, 144, 155 Alitalia, 21, 33, 58, 111, 125, Civil Aeronautics Act 1938, 65 132, 144, 150 Civil Aeronautics Board, 66, 115, American Airlines, 72, 74, 110 r 185 115, 127, 128, 139, 144, 150, Civil Aviation Authority, 55, 56 153 Commercial Operations, '122 America West Airlines, 70 Comparative Manpower Strengths of Amyot, Rene, Chairman Air Canada, major airlines, 150 6 Competences: Ansett Airlines, 129, 144, 150 for Strategy Planning System, Arab Air Carriers, 86 176-7 Arab Technical Consortium, 86 for Operational System, 1767-9 ATARS (Automated Travel Reserva- for Resourcing System, 179-80 tion System), 115 Concorde, 7, 120, 160 Austrian Airlines (Osterriechisde Continental Airlines, 14, 21, 36, Luftverkehrs), 58 72, 75 Co-operative Competition, Bangaldesh Biman, 101, 131 examples, 115-17 Braniff Airlines, 21, 40, 127, 143 Corporate Energy, 15-22, 184
191 Corporate Planning Function, Finance Function, 9, 23, 11, 116, 107-14 141-3 examples of structures, 112-13 Structures: British Airways, reporting relationships, 110-11 141; British Caledonian, 141; CP Air, 12, 27, 75, 128, 144 Lufthansa, 142 Cubana (Expresa Consolidada Cubana Finnair, 60 de Aviacon), 75 Flight Operations Function, 122, Culture, 15-22 123, 124 Customer Service, 23 (see also Future Trends in Airline Organ Marketing and Sales) ization, 159-73, 181-90 Futures Audit Team, 108
Decision-making Values, 189-90 Decline Stage in Airline Orqar.i.z.a Garuda Indonesian Airways, 45, tion Development, 36-40, 183 102 Delta Airlines, 17, 28, 72, 75, Ghana Airways Corporation, 84-5, 127, 144, 149, 150, 185 90 Deregulation (in US), 65, 71, 187 Gitner, Gerald, L., 40 Division of responsibilities for Ground Services, 122, 123, 137-8, Operational System 166 African, Asian and Australian Growth Stage in Airline Organiza Airlines 1963-4, 129 tion Development, 29-32, 183 African Airlines 1983-4, 130 Growth Strategy, 11-14, 182 Asian and Australian Airlines Gulf Air, 29, 45, 86, 90 1983-4, 131 European Airlines 1963-4, 125 European Airlines 1983-4, 126 Hawaiian Pacific Airline, 69 North American Airlines 1963-4, Hub and Spoke Network, 71, 138, 127 152 North American Airlines 1983-4, Human Resources Function, 68, 128 100, 143-58 Organization Outlines: British Caledonian, 148; Lufthansa, East African Airways, 84 147; SABENA , 147 Eastern Airlines, 9, 12, 14, 18, see also Personnel 25, 28, 33, 68-9, 71, 76, 110, 112, 127, 128, 139, 144, 150 lATA, see International Air Trans- Economist Intelligence Unit, 185 port Association Egyptair, 79 Iberia, 33, 61, 110, 144 El Al, Israel Airlines, 79, 89, Icelandair, 29, 45, 60 129, 150 Inertial Forces, effects of, Emergence Stage in Airline Organ 15-22 ization Development, 27, 28, In-flight Services, 138-9 183 Industrial Relations, see Engineering and Maintenance Func Personnel tion, 123, 132-4, 140 Information Management Function, Structures: Air Portugal, 132; 8, 114, 121 British Caledonian, 132; Structures: British Airways, Lufthansa, 133; SABENA, 134 118-20; British Caledonian, Ethiopian Airlines, 89 117; Lufthansa, 117-18 Information Technology, 8 Federal Aviation Administration Interdependancy of the Three Sys (FAA), 65, 66 tems in Airline Organization, Field Sales, 136-7 181
192 International Air Transport Associ Management Styles, 14-22 ation (lATA), 1, 5, 10, 94, adaptive, 16-17 185, 186, 189 ad hoc, 17 International Scheduled Airlines autocratic, 18 Europe, 57-64 bureaucratic, 18-19 North and South America, 73-8 entrepreneurial, 19 Africa and Middle East, 88-93 opportunistic, 19-20 Asia and Australia, 101-6 pro-active, 20 Intramar Survey, 136 professional, 21-2 Iran Air, 27, 79, 90, 111 re-active, 21 Iraqi Airways, 90 Manpower Changes, 149, 152, 158 Manpower Distribution Profiles, Japan Airlines (JAL), 12, 29-33, 153-8 38, 44, 46, 94, 103, 110, Manpower Levels, 150, 151 129, 131, 137, 138, 144, 150, Manpower Trends in the Eighties, 152, 155 149, 152 JAT Jugoslav Airlines, 60 Market Performance Monitoring, JICRS (Joint Industry Computer 136 ised Reservations System), Market Research, 136 115 Marketing and Sales Function, 9-10, 111, 134-40, 177, 187 Kenya Airways, 29, 45, 91 Structures: Lufthansa, 135; King, Lord, 94 Saudia, 135; Swissair, 136 KISMET (KLM data-base system), MAS, see Malaysian Airline System 116 Maturity Stage in Airline Organi KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, 7, 12, zation Development, 32-5, 183 18, 20, 33-5, 36, 46, 47, 61, MEA, see Middle East Airlines 94, 110, 114, 116, 125, 126, Middle East Airlines, 9, 12, 14, 132, 137, 150, 151, 155 79, 86, 92, 111, 129, 130, Korean Airlines, 29, 45, 103 139, 144, 150, 151, 156 Kuwait Airways, 29, 45, 86, 91 Mission Statement, 5 Muse Air, 69 Laker Airways, 18, 36, 143 Laker, Sir Freddie, 23 National Airlines, 37, 40, 127 Latin American Airlines, 65, 70-1 Nigeria Airways, 12, 18, 81-4, Le.s l.f.e , J.B., 94 86, 116, 130 Libyan Arab Airlines, 91 Northwest Airlines (Northwest LOT Polish Airlines, 61 Orient Airlines), 72, 76 Lufthansa German Airlines, 11, 12, 20, 22, 27, 47, 48-9, 62, 110, Olympic Airways, 62 116, 117-18, 123, 124, 125, Operational System, 2, 100, 121, 126, 133, 135, 137, 141, 142, 122-40, 177, 181 143, 144, 145, 147, 150, 151, Operations Function, 23, 122-4, 182 125-31, 139 Luxair (Societe Luxembourgeoisie Structures: British Airways, de Navigation Aerienne), 62 123; Lufthansa, 124; Saudia, 123 Maintenance, see Engineering and Organization Effectiveness, meas Maintenance ures of, 181-5 Malaysian Airline System, 27, 29, Organization Implications of 45, 86, 104 Social and Economic Change, Malev (Magyar Legikozlekedesi 171-3 Vallalat), 62 Organization Implications of Management Service Function, 8 Technological Change, 162-70 Management Style, general, 3 Organization Mapping, 183-4
193 Organization of SAA, see South African Airways Corporate Planning Function, Sabena - Belgium World Airlines, 107-14 7, 12, 21, 33, 47, 49-51, 63, Engineering and Maintenance 110, 113, 115, 125, 126, Function, 132-4 133-4, 139, 142, 144, 146, Finance Function, 141-3 147, 150, 156 Human Resources Function, 143-8 Sabre Agency Automation Programme, Information Management Function, 115 114-20 Sales and Services Function, see Marketing and Sales Function, Marketing and Sales 135-40 SAS, see Scandinavian Airlines Operations Function, 122-4, System 125-31 Saudia (Saudia Arabia Airlines) , 10, 12-13, 15, 27, 29, 44, Pakistan International Airli~es 45, 79-80, 86, 92, 114, 116, (PIA), 98-9, 104, 129, 150 123, 130, 134, 135, 149, 150, Pan American World Airlines, 12, 151 15, 18, 33, 36-40, 44, 46, 65, Scandinavian Airlines System 71, 72, 76, 94, 111, 127, 128, (SAS) , 5, 11, 12, 15, 20, 25, 137, 139, 144, 149, 150, 156 33,40-3,46,47,54, 55, 63, Passenger Traffic, 171-2 68, 108-10, 114, 125, 126, People Express Airlines, 19, 27, 132, 134, 135, 137, 139, 144, 28, 40, 44, 45, 69, 72, 152 149, 150, 152, 157, 182 People-related Values, 189, 190 SIA, see Singapore Airlines Performance-related Values, 189 Singapore Airlines (SIA) , 5, 7, Personnel Function, 23, 68, 143, 11, 12, 19, 22, 26, 27, 29, 144-8 44,45,68,94,96-7, 105, allocation of responsibility, 110, 116, 131, 138, 144, -152, 144 157, 182, 185 examples of main activities, Social and Economic Changes, 145-6 161-73 Philippine Airlines (PAL), 29, 45, South African Airways (SAA) , 10, 105, 111, 131 12, 32, 79, 80-1, 91, 107, Pillay, Joseph Y.M., SIA Chairman, 111, 112, 116, 129, 130, 139, 11 142, 147, 148, 149, 150, 156 Pleasure Travel, 171 Stages in Airline Development, Plesman, A., 18, 36 26-44 Purchasing, 8 Decline, 36-40 Emergence, 27-8 Growth, 29-32 Qantas, 11, 12, 32, 94-6, 99, 105, Maturity, 33-5 110, 129, 131, 139, 144, 150, Renewal, 40-3 151, 182 Strategic Vision, 15-22, 184 Strategies Raj, Raghu, 99 Growth, 11-1 3 Rationalization Strategy, 13, 182 Rationalization, 13 Regent Air, 69 Renewal, 11 Renewal Stage in Airline Organiza Survival, 13-14 tion Development, 40-4, 183 Strategy and Management Style, Renewal Strategies, 11-13, 14, 14-21 120, 134, 182 Strategy, general, 3, 10-14 Republic Airlines, 68 Strategy of Individual Airlines, Resourcing System, 2, 121, 141-58, 11-14 179, 181 Strategy Planning System, 2, Royal Brunei Airlines, 97, 116 107-21, 176-7, 181
194 Structures Thai Airways International, 29, African Airlines, 79-93 45, 106 American Airlines, 65-78 Traffic Fun~tion, see Ground Asian and Middle East Airlines, Services 94-106 Training Function, see Personnel European Airlines, 45-64 Trans Australian Airlines, 129, Structures of Functions, see Eng 150 ineering and Maintenance, Trans World Airlines (TWA), 12, Finance, Human Resources, 17, 33, 77, 110, 127, 128, Information Management, 142, 144, 150 Corporate Strategy, Marketing Trippe, Juan, 18, 36 and Sales, In-flight Services, Tunis Air, 93 Operations, Flight Operations Turkish Airlines, 17, 64, 120 Structures, main types, 23-6 TWA, see Trans World Airlines Centralized Entrepreneurial/ autocratic, 24 Centralized Functional/Marketing Uganda Airlines, 93 bias, .25 United Airlines, 12, 72, 77, 110, Centralized Functional/Opera 115, 128, 142, 150, 151 tions bias, 24 United Arab Airlines, 79, 129 Decentralized by Geographical US Air, 28 area, 25 UTA (Union de Transports Aeriens) , Decentralized by Product, 26 132 Future Shape, 186 Matrix or Grid, 26 Varig, 18, 33, 78, 110, 157 Sudan Airways, 17, 91 Virgin Atlantic Airways, 44 Sunworld, 70 Survival Strategy, 13-14, 182 Swissair, 12, 17, 22, 47-8, 63, West African Airways Corporation, 108, 111, 116, 117, 123, 125, 81 126, 132, 134, 136, 144, 147, 150, 182 Yemen Airways (Yemenia), 17, 45, Syrian Arab Airlines (Syrianair), 93 86, 92 Yield, 9 Technological Changes, 160-7 Technology, 6-9 Zambia Airways Corporation, 45, 93
195