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University of Patras Master Thesis University of Patras Master Thesis Msc Integrated Circuits in Software & Hardware Systems Geolocation Nearest Point alert mobile application “Am Home” Msc student : Papoutsis Georgios 193 Supervisor : Spyros Denazis, Associate Professor edddPAPd Page Table of Contents 1.1 Description .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Significance of research ...................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Existing Applications for dementia ..................................................................................... 8 2.1 Introduction – Geolocation ................................................................................................ 17 2.2 Geolocation Standard – W3C Geolocation API ................................................................ 18 2.3 Important factors that affects Geolocation accuracy ......................................................... 20 2.4 Algorithms for calculating the distance from given point ................................................. 21 3.1 Architecture Short Description .......................................................................................... 35 3.2 Technical Overview........................................................................................................... 35 3.2.1 Mobile application ...................................................................................................... 35 3.2.2 Mobile application Interface Overview ...................................................................... 36 3.3 Back office – Web Application ..................................................................................... 54 3.3.2 PHP Structure ................................................................................................................. 58 3.3 CSS Files and Structure ...................................................................................................... 62 3.4 JavaScript ........................................................................................................................... 63 3.5 Installation of Front End - Back End Web application ....................................................... 64 3.6 Database Structure ............................................................................................................ 64 3.7 HTML Structure ................................................................................................................. 65 3.8 Administrator pages .......................................................................................................... 66 3.9 Using Google Maps Geocoding API ................................................................................... 67 4 Pilots ..................................................................................................................................... 70 5 Future Development & Optimizations ................................................................................. 71 Terminology ............................................................................................................................. 74 Source Code ............................................................................................................................ 76 Bibliography of sources ........................................................................................................... 76 2 Patra, February of 2016 This page left intentionally blank. 3 Patra, February of 2016 To my family and friends for their love and support, to my professors for their every day commitment and dedication 4 Patra, February of 2016 1 The AmHome mobile application 1.1 Description For the needs of the master in Integrated Circuits in Hardware and Software Systems a mobile application developed. The main functionality of this mobile application is to calculate the distance between user’s position and a predefined static point - point of interest like the home of the user. Moreover the user receives notification messages from mobile application in order to be notified weather he is far away from his home. So for example a user declare his home geolocation in the mobile application and the mobile application notifies the user and his relatives whether he is near to his home or to other defined point . The purpose of this application is to provide help to people that suffer from brain diseases and their volunteer caregivers. Brain diseases cause decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily functioning. Dementia[1], also known as senility, is a broad category of brain diseases . The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, which makes up 50% to 70% of cases. Other common types include vascular dementia (25%), Lewy body dementia (15%), and frontotemporal dementia. Less common causes include normal pressure hydrocephalus, Parkinson's disease, syphilis, and Creutzfeldt – Jakob disease among others. More than one type of dementia may exist in the same person. A small proportion of cases run in families. In the DSM-5, dementia was reclassified as aneurocognitive disorder, with various degrees of severity. Diagnosis is usually based on history of the illness and cognitive testing with medical imaging and blood work used to rule out other possible causes. The mini mental state examination is one commonly used cognitive test. Efforts to prevent dementia include trying to decrease risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes and obesity. Screening the general population for the disease is not recommended. 5 Patra, February of 2016 1.2 Significance of research Today, as stated in world dementia report[2] over 46 million people live with dementia worldwide, more than four times the population of Greece. This number is estimated to increase to 131.5 million by 2050. Dementia also has a huge economic impact. Today, the total estimated worldwide cost of dementia is 748 billion euro, and it will become a trillion euro disease by 2018. This means that if dementia care were a country, it would be the world’s 18th largest economy, more than the market values of companies such as Apple (742 euro billion), Google (368 euro billion) and Exxon (357 euro billion). In many parts of the world, there is a growing awareness of dementia, but across the globe it remains the case that a diagnosis of dementia can bring with it stigma and social isolation. Today, we estimate that 94% of people living with dementia in low and middle income countries are cared for at home. These are regions where health and care systems often provide limited or no support to people living with dementia or to their families. The 2015 World Alzheimer Report updates data on the prevalence, incidence, cost and trends of dementia worldwide. It also estimates how these numbers will increase in the future, leaving us with no doubt that dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease and other causes, is one of the biggest global public health and social care challenges facing people today and in the future. There are two organisations ADI, the only worldwide federation of Alzheimer associations and global voice on dementia, and Bupa, a purpose-driven global health and care company that is the leading international provider of specialist dementia care, caring for around 60,000 people living with dementia each year. Dementia becomes an international health priority. National dementia plans are the first step towards ensuring all countries are equipped to enable people to live well with dementia, and help to reduce the risk of dementia for future generations. There is now a growing list of countries which have such provision in place or which are developing national dementia plans, but it’s not enough. Given the epidemic scale of dementia, with no known cure on the horizon, and with a global ageing population, all governments and every part of society have to play an active role in helping to create a world where people can enjoy a better quality of life today, and also help reduce the risk of dementia for future generations. Providing a better quality of life for people with dementia can be a reality. 6 Patra, February of 2016 Considering the technological aspect of dementia systematic scientific research[3] into the application of technology for people with dementia has been limited, both in Greece and internationally.Based on the review by Lauriks et al. which focuses on the technology needs of people with dementia and their family caregivers, which originated from an earlier needs assessment carried out among patients with dementia and their volunteer caregivers, including: - The need for general and personal information - The need for help with the symptoms of dementia - The need for social contact and companionship - The need for monitoring health and safety The main results on findings were that while reduced amount of websites do indeed provide useful information for caregivers, they offer very little and useless information to the patients who are actually suffering from dementia and the websites that were investigated provided very little personal information. This literature review revealed that the technologies many times used to support “The need for help to cope with the symptoms of dementia” focus especially on supporting day-to-day activities, making better the quality of life and supporting the intake of medication. “The need for social contact and
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