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Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka

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Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY, BANGLADESH MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION AND TOURISM THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH DATA COLLECTION SURVEY OF OPERATION OF INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IN DHAKA FINAL REPORT October 2018 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. JALUX Inc. BD JR Narita International Airport Corporation 18-012 Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka Final Report DATA COLLECTION SURVEY OF OPERATION OF INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IN DHAKA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the economy of Bangladesh has experienced an annual average growth of more than 6%. Thus, the number of passengers in Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (hereinafter referred to as “HSIA”), which is one of the main entry points to the country, has increased at an average rate of 10% per year. In 2017, the total number of passengers was 7.7 million (international: 6.5 million, domestic: 1.2 million). Based on the annual departure and arrival statistics, the total number of aircraft movement is 87,000 (international: 47,000, domestic: 40,000). Thus, the HSIA is an infrastructure that has a significant role in enhancing the social economy of the country. The volume of cargo is also increasing at an average rate of 8.4% per year for imports and 14.2% for exports between 2009 and 2016. In 2016, the HSIA was handling about 170,000 tons for export and about110,000 tons of cargo. In comparison with Chubu Airport which handles about 160,000 tons and Haneda Airport which handles about 340,000 tons, it is clear that HSIA is handling a proximate large volume of cargo with the said airports in Japan. Currently, airport operation is inefficient due to the defective operation system and the incompetent staff. Moreover, passenger service level is low because of problems such as long waiting times for check-in and baggage inspection and delay of departure caused by setbacks in ground handling. There are also serious problems regarding air cargo handling, like damaged cargo and cargo stored outside the terminal since airport personnel could not control the increasing volume of cargo. Furthermore, airport operations must be urgently improved since the airport expansion is on the account of the Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA) loan projects, which aim to provide a new passenger terminal building (T3) and a new cargo terminal in HSIA. Referring to the background, the main objective of this study is to find the potential need for Japanese support by conducting a field survey as given below, and to consider a measure for each of them to improve the HSIA operation. Improve Passenger Service for International Flights Ramp Service (Ground Handling, etc.) Air Cargo Handling Terminal Management Operation and Maintenance of the Facilities Immigration and Customs 2. CURRENT CONDITION In this chapter, the related organization and the current situation of the airport operation of HSIA are explained through the collection of information taken from existing documents and results of the current situation and hearing surveys. Regarding the operation situation, Figure 2-1 shows the flow of passengers and baggage, Figure 2-2 shows the flow of export cargo, and Figure 2-3 shows the flow of import cargo. The issues regarding these series of processes are explained in Chapter 5 by understanding the current situation. ES-1 Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka Final Report Detarture Flow of Passenger and Baggage Arrilval Flow of Passenger and Baggage Source: JICA Study Team Figure 2-1 Flow of Passenger and Baggage Entrance of Cargo Holding of Cargo Cargo Weighting Acceptance Documentation Re-weighting/ Security Scanning ULD loading/Building up Manifestation ULD weighting Loaded ULD keep in Dispatching from Holding Area Loading into Aircraft Departure of A/C Holding Area for loading into Aircraft Off Loaded (if any) Back to Cargo Warehouse Re-forwarding Source: JICA Study Team Figure 2-2 Flow of Export Cargo Source: JICA Study Team Figure 2-3 Flow of Import Cargo ES-2 Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka Final Report 3. RESULT OF THE FIELD SURVEY 3.1 Summary of the Survey Result The summary of the survey result regarding passenger service, ramp service, air cargo handling (import/export), customs, and immigration are shown in Table 3-1. Table 3-1 Summery of the Survey Result Source: JICA Study Team ES-3 Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka Final Report 3.2 Simulation Analysis Objective The objective of this analysis is to propose an effective measure towards the current problems regarding passenger service in HSIA by assessing the current facility operation capacity and service level via Comprehensive Airport Simulation Technology (CAST), a simulation software that specializes on airport operation. Summary of the Analysis Result When the load factor was increased from 60% to 90%, higher passenger passage frequency was confirmed between Row D and Row E and in the concourse in front of the security control. Both locations intersect the passenger flow lines, which is likely to be the main factor generating congestion. L/F 60% L/F 90% Source: JICA Study Team Figure 3-1 Comparison of Load Factor 60% and 90% (Departure) The guidelines for improving the level of service (LoS) were organized as follows. In addition, the tendency of the LoS of each processing facility at HSIA (in the case of the load factor of 90%) was sorted as shown in Figure 3-3 based on the LoS chart. (*reference). When comparing the LoS of the load factor of 60% to 90%, the deterioration of the baggage inspection and the baggage claim was confirmed in the Space LoS, and the check-in counter as well as the immigration procedure deteriorated in the Maximum Waiting Time LoS. When LoS is evaluated on two axes, it turns out that there is a possibility that LoS may deteriorate to more than Sub-Optimum in procedures other than the departure procedures. ES-4 Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka Final Report L/F 60% Case Space Max Waiting Time LoS Total Check-in Counter OVER-DESIGN OVER-DESIGN OVER-DESIGN Immigration(Dep) OVER-DESIGN Optimum Optimum Security Control OVER-DESIGN SUB-Optimum SUB-Optimum Immigration(Arr) OVER-DESIGN Optimum Optimum Baggage Reclaim OVER-DESIGN SUB-Optimum SUB-Optimum Source: JICA Study Team Figure 3-2 LoS Trend of Processing Facilities (Load Factor: 60%) L/F 90% Case Space Max Waiting Time LoS Total Check-in Counter OVER-DESIGN SUB-Optimum SUB-Optimum Immigration(Dep) OVER-DESIGN Optimum Optimum Security Control SUB-Optimum SUB-Optimum UNDER-PROVIDED Immigration(Arr) OVER-DESIGN SUB-Optimum SUB-Optimum Baggage Reclaim SUB-Optimum SUB-Optimum UNDER-PROVIDED Source: JICA Study Team Figure 3-3 LoS Trend of Processing Facilities (Load Factor: 90%) Result of the Analysis 1) Creating the Flight Assignment Table Create the Flight Assignment Table Rule and as the basis for the creation of the Flight Assignment Table, both for the check-in counter and the security gate. Perform operations so as to avoid passenger show-up overlaps or concentration immediately before the flight. 2) Improving the Check-in Process At the check-in counter, changing the queue from a single queue to a snake queue and reducing dead space are some of the effective methods for optimizing LoS. In addition, the administrator side of the check-in area should clarify and present the area for locating the queue of each row. Each airline should operate with the goal of satisfying this rule, which is already confirmed as an effective measure for controlling congestion in the airport. In addition, evaluating the LoS based on this rule is also considered effective for improving the operation of each airline. Regarding the processing time, about three and a half minutes for Bangladeshi airlines and about three minutes for foreign airlines are confirmed as one of the causes of the deterioration of LoS. Therefore, improvement is considered necessary. 3) Effective Operation of the Immigration Area The operation of Immigration Entrance 02 is currently conducted at the time of congestion in the departure immigration. However, knowing the tendency of conducting the timing for effective use of Immigration Entrance 02 shall be analyzed based on the load factor percentage study derived from the passenger flow to avoid the bottleneck in immigration and to improve the LoS. 4) Shortening the Conveying Time of the Baggage from the Aircraft. In the baggage claim process, it is understood that it is necessary to shorten the time from unpacking the cargo quickly after the arrival of the flight to the transportation of the first bag. It is also necessary to increase the processing capacity of the baggage transportation. ES-5 Data Collection Survey of Operation of International Airport in Dhaka Final Report 4. RESULT OF HEARING FROM COMPANIES The summary of the results of the hearing is shown in Table 4-1. Table 4-1 Summery of the Result of the Hearing Item Content Indicated Bonded warehouses are narrow (an average of three times wider than the present spaces Matter are necessary for both export and import). Export: There is not enough space for unloading of cargo. The common area is seriously congested. Import: Cargo which cannot be accommodated in the warehouse is left unattended in open air under the canopy (non-bonded) near the ramp. Although Biman Airlines is a monopoly and is favorably treated, it is not well managed in terms of cargo proficiency. It was told that accidents involving a unit load device (ULD) directly hitting an aircraft occurred three times in the past three years due to an unsecured ULD or a ULD placed directly on the ground.
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