Review of Management Arrangements for the East Coast Queensland Shark Fishery 2014

Agriculture,Fisheries andForestry Department of

Review of management arrangements for the east coast Queensland shark fishery 2014

Wildlife Trade Operation Condition 7

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Introduction On 28 February 2012, the Queensland East Coast Inshore Fin Fish Fishery (the ECIFFF) was declared an approved Wildlife Trade Operation (WTO) under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). In addition to the WTO approval, areas of the ECIFFF that operate in Commonwealth waters were accredited under the protected species provisions of the EPBC Act. The following report has been produced in order to meet Condition 7(a) of the WTO which requires Fisheries Queensland to ‘conduct annual reviews of the management arrangements for the shark fishery’ or the component of the ECIFFF that targets and / or retains shark product for commercial sale. A copy of this report has been provided to the Commonwealth since 2009 and provides an overarching assessment of: • compliance with the Total Allowable Commercial Catch (TACC); • the appropriateness of species catch compositions; and • changes in operating behaviours (e.g. targeting, methods employed, regions fished) or reporting mechanisms.

Commercial logbooks and catch reporting Shark and ray catch in the ECIFFF can be divided into two components; fishers that operate under an S fishery symbol and fishers that operate without an S fishery symbol. The S fishery symbol does not regulate fishing gear rather it is an entitlement that permits a fisher to target sharks and rays. As such, a fisher must hold a net (N) or line (L) fishery symbol as well as an S fishery symbol if they want to retain more than an incidental level of shark catch (see below). While some species-specific restrictions apply, operators with an S fishery symbol are not restricted by in-possession limits; providing the fishery (as a whole) is operating within the relevant total allowable commercial catch (TACC) quotas. Operators that have an N or L fishery symbol but do not hold an S fishery symbol are not permitted to target sharks or rays. They are however able to retain an incidental level of catch equating to an in-possession limit of 10 net caught sharks and / or rays (combined total) or 4 line caught sharks and / or rays (combined total). Shark and ray catch in the ECIFFF is reported in four different logbooks. Licences operating under an S fishery symbol are required to report all shark catch in the shark logbook (SR01); which is supplied by Fisheries Queensland. Line fishers without an S fishery symbol report shark catch in the line fishery logbook (LF05) or the multi-hook logbook (MH01) and net fishers without an S fishery symbol report shark catch in the net and crab fishery logbook (NC05). When compared to the LF05, MH01 and NC05 logbooks, the SR01 logbook provides a more detailed account of the species compositions. The principal reasons for this are that a) the majority of catch is caught by operators with an S fishery symbol and b) there is a need for finer scale assessments of shark species that are specifically targeted. In addition to the above, there are a number of inconsistencies with respect to the SR01, LF05, MH01 and NC05 logbooks. These include: • Whaler species - the SR01 logbook includes a blacktip whalers and graceful shark category whereas the NC05 logbook groups all whaler species together;

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• Hammerhead species - the SR01 logbook separates scalloped hammerhead from other hammerheads whereas the NC05 logbook groups all hammerheads together. • The LF05 and MH01 logbooks group all sharks (but allow fishers to nominate more specific categories). Prior to the 2012–13 season, fishers were required to prior report catches greater that the incidental catch limit (100 kg) through an Automated Interactive Voice Response (AIVR) program or ‘Quota Reporter’. This provision was reviewed by Fisheries Queensland in 2012– 13 as part of a broader assessment of the efficiency and effectiveness of the ECIFFF reporting requirements. This review found, among other things, that a) there was a high level of consistency between AIVR and logbook reports and b) the use of multiple reporting systems had implications for both the cost of operating in the fishery and the cost of managing the fishery. Given this Fisheries Queensland advised ECIFFF operators with an S fishery symbol that reporting of shark catches greater than 100 kg through AIVR was not required from 1 July 2013. The Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, now the Department of the Environment, were informed of this change in the 2013 Wildlife Trade Operation Condition 7 report. No further amendments or changes have been made to the reporting of shark and ray catch.

Commercial catch and effort trends Data used in this report were extracted from the Fisheries Queensland Commercial fishing logbooks database (CFISH) on 11 August 2014. The following provides performance summaries for various sectors of the shark fishery as well as an overview of the catch distribution and participation rates between July 1 2010 and 30 June 2014. It is noted though that data pertaining to the 2013–14 fishing season is considered to be incomplete due to delays in the submission and processing of logbook receipts. In addition to the above, DAFF notes that a voluntary buyback of unwanted net symbols was undertaken in 2013 and 2014. The primary objective of this buyback is the acquisition and subsequent removal of N1 and N2 fishery symbols. DAFF anticipates that this process will (more than likely) have an effect on the total amount of shark caught and the proportion of catch reported from each region (north and south). While the full impact of this buyback will not be known until the process has been completed (late 2014), the first two phases of this process has resulted in the removal of: – 36 Commercial Fishing vessel licences (platforms); – 39 N1 symbols; – 18 N2 symbols; – 8 N10 symbols; – 4 K symbols; and – 78 other fishery symbols. During the period 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014, approximately 310 t of shark and ray catch were reported in fishery logbooks. This figure was marginally higher than that reported from

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the previous financial year but substantially lower than that reported in 2010–11 and 2011–12 (Table 2). This decline (from 2011–12 to 2012–13) in total catch has previously been attributed to falling participation rates with 288 licences reporting shark catch in the SR01, LF05, MH01 or NC05; compared with 337 in 2010–11 and 334 in 2011–12 (Table 2).Of the 147 licences with an S fishery symbol, 109 recorded shark catch in the SR01 logbook; down from 110 (Table 2). As expected, the vast majority of shark product was retained by operators with an S fishery symbol (88.9% of the total catch) and/or by fishers utilising nets (97.1%) (Table 3). The distribution of catch along the east coast of Queensland was similar to previous years with the northern region (waters north of Baffle Creek) accounting for 65.0% of the reported shark catch. This was marginally higher than that reported from the northern region in 2012–13 (63.8%) but lower than in 2011–12 (70.3%). The proportion of shark catch recorded from the southern region (waters north of Baffle Creek) showed a corresponding decrease from 36.2% to 35.0% (Table 3).

Table 2. Shark catch and effort by logbook type and year including days fished, licences, number of individuals and total weight in tonnes. Logbook type Year Total LF05 MH01 NC05 1 SR01 Days 2010–11 590 3 1549 3331 5473 2011–12 538 – 1621 3292 5451 2012–13 392 – 1408 2964 4764 2013–14 391 – 1425 2770 4586 Licences 2010–11 97 1 123 116 337 2011–12 92 – 128 114 334 2012–13 70 – 111 110 291 2013–14 65 – 114 109 288 Number 2010–11 1115 68 10 72387 73580 2011–12 1096 – – 73839 74935 2012–13 766 – – 66369 67135 2013–14 737 – – 68191 68928 Weight (t) 2010–11 7.1 0.3 32.7 398 438.1 2011–12 7.6 – 41.8 377.2 426.6 2012–13 4.6 – 30.8 268.3 303.7 2013–14 4.1 – 30.2 275.3 309.6

1 NC05 2012–13 data includes one record that was incorrectly reported in an alternate logbook.

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Table 3. Annual shark catch reported in logbooks and based on licence type, region (northern and southern) and fishing method. Method Year Region Line Net Total All Fishery Symbols (S & non-S) 2010–11 North 10.7 309.7 320.4 South 5.8 111.9 117.7 Combined 16.5 421.6 438.1 North 16.1 283.6 299.8 2011–12 South 6.9 120 126.8

Combined 23 383.6 426.6 2012–13 North 5.3 188.7 194.0 South 3.1 106.6 109.7 Combined 8.4 295.3 303.7 2013–14 North 5 196.3 201.3 South 3.9 104.3 108.2 Combined 8.9 300.6 309.5 S-Symbol (only) 2010–11 North 5.9 290 295.9 South 3.2 98.9 102.1 Combined 9.1 388.9 398 2011–12 North 11.1 263.3 274.5 South 4.3 98.5 102.7 Combined 15.4 361.8 377.2 2012–13 North 2.0 172.1 174.1 South 1.8 92.4 94.2 Combined 3.8 264.5 268.3 2013–14 North 2.1 182.0 184.1 South 2.7 88.5 91.2 Combined 4.8 270.5 275.3 Non-S symbols 2010–11 North 4.8 19.7 24.5 South 2.6 13.0 15.6 Combined 7.4 32.7 40.1 2011–12 North 5.0 20.3 25.3 South 2.6 21.5 24.1 Combined 7.6 21.8 49.4 2012–13 North 3.3 16.6 19.9 South 1.3 14.2 15.5 Combined 4.6 30.8 35.4 2013–14 North 2.9 14.3 17.2 South 1.2 15.8 17.0 Combined 4.1 30.1 34.2

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Commercial harvest and the TACC Table 4 presents the cumulative quota usage trends for the last four financial years and provides annual comparisons of catch rates for the northern and southern regions. Catch records for the 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons was compiled using data from both the AIVR and logbook reporting systems. Data for the 2012–13 and 2013–14 seasons is based solely off of logbook records due to the aforementioned changes to shark and ray reporting requirements. Regional TACCs for the northern (waters North of Baffle Creek) and southern region (waters south of Baffle Creek) remained at 480 tonnes and 120 tonnes (600 t total) respectively for the entire sample period. When compared, quota usage in the northern region showed a general decline over the reporting period with total catch peaking in 2010–11 at 336.7 t; compared with 196.7 t in 2013–14 (Table 4). While the circumstances behind the decline are not fully understood, a number of factors would more than likely have contributed to the last few seasons having a lower level of catch including declining participation rates and the impact of other confounding factors such as significant weather events (cyclones), extended flood recovery periods and an ongoing structural adjustment process. When the 2013–14 monthly catch trends were compared to previous seasons, there was a strong symmetry with the trends observed in the 2012–13 season (Fig. 1). Quota usage in the southern region showed a notable peak during the 2011–12 season, before returning to a level more consistent with the long-term trends (Table 4). While the southern region experienced a minor quota overrun in 2011–12, additional management responses were not enacted at the time due to a) the minor nature of the overrun, b) the fishery being well within the overall TACC and c) the difficulties of addressing the overrun in real–time due to the small delays in processing data after receipt of reports. Quota usage in the two subsequent years was below the regional 120 t southern region TACC. Cumulative catch trends for the southern region appeared to be relatively consistent with the 2012–13 season (Fig. 1). Table 4. Monthly cumulative shark harvest for the 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13 and 2013–14 financial years including quota and incidental catch records (logbooks). Northern region catch (t) Southern region catch (t) Month 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 July 17.7 16.8 12.8 8.8 3.1 4.2 3.7 5.4 August 41.5 29.7 28.2 34.1 5.3 8.3 8.0 12.1 September 73.2 68.3 61.3 70.4 9.3 16.0 14.7 16.7 October 99.2 109.1 97.6 96.5 18.1 21.8 21.2 22.1 November 141.1 153.0 117.9 119.7 27.3 33.7 36.1 33.6 December 171.8 182.6 124.2 132.1 37.4 43.9 45.0 42.2 January 188.4 203.3 134.7 143.6 45.5 58.9 56.8 49.8 February 212.1 233.3 143.2 155.2 61.7 74.3 63.1 62.8 March 244.1 254.1 155.3 164.9 76.7 85.4 70.7 71.6 April 266.1 274.8 179.2 175.6 88.6 102.8 86.4 85.1 May 294.5 291.0 192.9 185.5 97.7 116.5 95.4 95.7 June 336.7 313.7 205.3 196.7 108.5 121.4 104.2 104.2 TACC 480 480 480 480 120 120 120 120

Source: Fisheries Queensland Quota Management System, 19 August 2014

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Figure 1. Monthly cumulative shark quota usage (Source: Fisheries Queensland Quota Management System, 19 August 2014).

Species composition by region and fishing method Catch compositions for the 2013–14 season aligned reasonably well with previous years with the blacktip whaler / graceful shark complex contributing most to the overall catch (Appendix A & B; Fig. 2 & 3). As expected, a proportion of the shark and ray catch continued to be reported in logbooks with generic identifiers (Appendix C) including: • 1.9% of the total shark catch reported as ‘Shark’ without further differentiation (down from 2.5%) and a further 10.1% of sharks identified as unspecified ‘Whaler’ (down from 13.7%); • 15.7% of the shark catch reported from non-S endorsed licences which was identified as ‘shark’ without further differentiation; down from 17.7% in 2012–13; • 49.5% of the shark catch reported from non-S endorsed licences which was identified as unspecified ‘Whaler’; up from 33.8% in 2012–13; • 0.2% of shark catch reported from S-endorsed licences were identified as ‘Shark’ without further differentiation; marginally lower than 2012–13 (0.7%); and • 5.2% of shark catch reported from S-endorsed licences were identified as unspecified “Whaler; down from 11.6% in 2012–13. While species compositions were comparable between the northern and southern region, the percentage contribution each species / species complex contributed to the total catch showed subtle variations (Appendix A, Fig. 1). Examples of where shark catch showed notable variations between the two regions include:

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• spinner sharks which comprised 13.8% of the catch in the southern region, compared with 3.1% in the northern region; • milk, sharpnose and hardnose sharks which comprised 12.9% of the catch in the southern region compared with 5.5% in the northern region; and • the blacktip whalers and graceful shark complex which comprised 36.0% of the catch in the northern region compared with 26.7% in the southern region. Catch comparisons between fishers with and without an S-endorsement revealed species were again broadly similar; although operators with an S-endorsement a) tended to interact with a broader diversity of species (Appendix B) and b) had a higher proportion of species that were caught by both line and net operators (Fig. 3). A detailed list of the catch compositions and catch rates is provided in Appendix A and B. Figures 2 and 3 also provide a breakdown of all species and / or species groupings with the total catch were greater than one tonne.

Stock and risk assessments A risk assessment of individual species / species groups was conducted prior to the commencement of the fishery under new management arrangements. Updated risk assessments will draw on fishery data and new biological information as it becomes available through various research projects. An updated relative risk assessment was also undertaken by researchers at James Cook University as part of a Marine and Tropical Science Research Facility (MTSRF) project. Fisheries Queensland has commenced work on a stock assessment for critical species harvested within the shark fishery. The results from this project are expected to be finalised in 2014 and will provide significant input with respect to the management of these species. This stock assessment is being done in accordance with timeframes and options outlined in a Plan for Assessment of Queensland East Coast Shark Resources 2009–2014 http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/fisheries/qld/east-coast-finfish/pubs/plan-2009-14.pdf It is also noted that the blacktip shark complex ( Carcharinus tilstoni , C. limbatus , C. sorrah ) and the sandbar shark ( C. plumbus ) have been included in the Australian Fish Stocks (SAFS) Reporting Framework which now incorporates Queensland as a jurisdiction. This process will facilitate greater cooperation between adjacent jurisdictions increased opportunities to improve baseline data.

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Figure 2. Species catch composition by quota region and fishery subcomponent between 1 July 2013 and 30 June 2014 (Source: Fisheries Queensland CFISH Database, 11 August 2014).

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Figure 3. Species catch composition by fishery subcomponent and S and non S endorsed licences between 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014 (Source: Fisheries Queensland CFISH Database, 11 August 2014)

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Conclusions The 2014 review of the Queensland east coast shark fishery indicates that the fishery is performing in a sustainable manner, with no immediate need to alter the current management arrangements. Fishing effort continues to be reported along the entire Queensland coastline with concentrations occurring in inshore waters from Moreton Bay to Rockhampton and Mackay to Cairns. The concentration of effort appears to be more prominent in the southern region where there is a higher number of landing ports and fewer netting obstacles i.e. closed waters and reefal areas. Despite this, both regional and total shark catches were below that prescribed under the southern (120 t), northern (480 t) and combined (600 t) TACC. This in itself is consistent with catch trends reported for the previous (2012–13) fishing season. While changes to the management regime were not required in 2013–14, this situation may change in the future with the completion of the ongoing stock assessment. The results of this stock assessment will inform future discussions surrounding the appropriateness of the current management regime and the applicability of any alternate proposals for the long–term management of shark resources in Queensland. It is important to note though that the total amount of shark retained for commercial sale has reduced substantially since 2009 and the introduction of new management arrangements. Further, initiatives such as the ongoing restructure (voluntary buyback) of net fishing symbols will have indirect benefits for this aspect of the fishery. In terms of catch compositions, the most prominent species retained in the 2013–14 season was consistent with previous years. Catch compositions will continue to be monitored by Fisheries Queensland in order to identify significant changes in catch compositions and the potential impacts with respect to the long-term sustainability of the fishery. In addition, Queensland’s inclusion in the Australian Fish Stocks (SAFS) Reporting Framework is expected to yield dividends with respect to identifying fishing trends across jurisdiction and the collation of broad-scale data sets. With that said, all data analysed to date indicates that the fishery is operating within the sustainability objectives established under the management arrangements in place since 1 July 2009. In the longer term, Fisheries Queensland will continue to monitor the use of logbooks and where possible improve the consistency and scope of the aggregated categories. While this issue is not currently considered an urgent need, it would assist in the analysis and interpretation of the fisheries catch data. Evidently, the pending completion of the stock assessment for key species may be represent an opportunity to further review and refine the logbooks used to assess shark catch in Queensland. In saying that, DAFF advises that the Queensland Government are currently undertaking a consultative review of how fisheries are managed in Queensland. While the findings of this review have yet to be finalised / released, DAFF anticipates that it will have broad implications with respect to how the ECIFFF is managed and by extension how fisheries resources are monitored and managed. As a consequence, DAFF will not be in a position to make further commitments regarding the development of finer scale management strategies until the results of this broader review are made available.

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Appendix A. Shark and ray catch compositions based on logbook entries and region of capture.

South North Common Name / Logbook Entry Total Line Net Line Net Blacktip whaler shark 0.0 4.0 0.1 6.1 10.2 Creek whaler 0.0 0.9 0.1 10.0 11.0 Guitarfishes–shovelnose unspecified 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.5 Hammerhead shark 0.4 7.7 1.0 25.3 34.4 Milk, Sharpnose & Hardnose Sharks 0.0 13.9 0.0 11.1 24.9 Nervous shark 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Pigeye & Bull Sharks 0.0 8.9 0.3 19.3 28.5 Ray–sting unspecified 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.7 Shark–Australian blacktip 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 Ray–spotted eagle 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 Shark–Blacktip Whalers and Graceful 1.8 27.0 0.0 72.8 101.5 Shark–bronze whaler 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 Shark–dusky 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.9 1.2 Shark–blue whaler 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 Shark–lemon 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 Shark–sandbar 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 Shark–scalloped hammerhead 0.0 5.7 0.2 7.4 13.3 Shark–school 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 Shark–Snaggletooth and Weasel 0.5 4.3 0.0 0.5 5.4 Shark–sorrah 0.0 0.9 0.0 10.1 11.1 Shark–spinner 0.0 14.8 0.0 6.4 21.2 Shark–tiger 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 1.4 Shark–unspecified 1.0 1.5 2.3 1.1 5.9 Shark–whaler unspecified 0.0 10.1 0.4 20.8 31.4 Shark–white cheek 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.8 1.8 Shark–white tip reef 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Shark–sliteye 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 Shark–gummy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Shark–mako 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Shark ray (Dinosaur ray) 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Skate–unspecified 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Total 3.8 103.9 4.5 197.0 309.2

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Appendix B. Shark and ray catch compositions based on licence endorsements and fishing.

S symbol Non-S Common Name / Logbook Entry Total Line Net Line Net Blacktip whaler shark 0.1 7.1 0.0 3.1 10.2 Creek whaler 0.1 11.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 Guitarfishes – shovelnose unspecified 0.0 0.1 0.2 1.2 1.5 Hammerhead shark 1.4 28.8 0.0 4.2 34.4 Milk, Sharpnose & Hardnose Sharks 0.0 24.9 0.0 0.0 24.9 Nervous shark 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Pigeye & Bull Sharks 0.3 27.1 0.0 1.1 28.5 Ray–sting unspecified 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.5 1.7 Shark–Australian blacktip 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 Ray–spotted eagle 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 Shark–Blacktip Whalers and Graceful 1.8 99.8 0.0 0.0 101.5 Shark–bronze whaler 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 Shark–dusky 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 1.2 Shark–blue whaler 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 Shark–lemon 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 Shark–sandbar 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 Shark–scalloped hammerhead 0.2 13.1 0.0 0.0 13.3 Shark–school 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 Shark–Snaggletooth and Weasel 0.5 4.8 0.0 0.0 5.4 Shark–sorrah 0.0 11.1 0.0 0.0 11.1 Shark–spinner 0.0 21.0 0.0 0.2 21.2 Shark–tiger 0.0 1.4 0.0 0.0 1.4 Shark–unspecified 0.4 0.1 2.9 2.5 5.9 Shark–whaler unspecified 0.0 14.4 0.4 16.5 31.4 Shark–white cheek 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.0 1.8 Shark–white tip reef 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Shark–sliteye 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 Shark–gummy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Shark–mako 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Shark ray (Dinosaur ray) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Skate–unspecified 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Total 4.8 270.2 3.5 30.7 309.2

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Appendix C. The percentage contribution each species made to the catch recorded against the respective fishing symbols, fishing method and fishing region. Percentage Contributions [by symbol, method & region] Percentage of Common Name / Logbook Entry Fishing Symbol Method Region Total catch S Non–S Line Net South North Blacktip whaler shark 3.3 2.6 9.0 0.9 3.4 3.7 3.1 Creek whaler 3.6 4.0 – 1.0 3.6 0.9 5.0 Guitarfishes / Shovelnose (unspecified) 0.5 0.1 3.9 1.8 0.4 1.3 0.0 Hammerhead shark 11.1 11.0 12.4 16.4 11.0 7.5 12.7 Milk, Sharpnose & Hardnose Sharks 8.1 9.1 – – 8.3 12.9 5.5 Nervous shark 0.0 0.0 – – 0.0 0.0 – Pigeye & Bull Sharks 9.2 10.0 3.2 4.1 9.4 8.2 9.8 Ray–sting (unspecified) 0.5 0.4 1.5 – 0.6 1.5 0.3 Shark–Australian blacktip 0.2 0.0 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 Ray–spotted eagle 0.1 – 0.6 – 0.1 0.1 0.0 Shark–Blacktip Whalers and Graceful 32.8 36.9 – 21.4 33.2 26.7 36.0 Shark–bronze whaler 0.1 0.1 – – 0.1 – 0.1 Shark–dusky 0.4 0.4 – 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.5 Shark–blue whaler 0.2 – 1.4 – 0.2 0.0 0.0 Shark–lemon 0.1 0.1 – – 0.1 – 0.1 Shark–sandbar 0.1 0.1 – 1.2 0.0 – 0.1 Shark–scalloped hammerhead 4.3 4.8 – 2.1 4.4 5.3 3.8 Shark–school 0.2 0.2 – – 0.2 0.4 – Shark–Snaggletooth and Weasel 1.7 1.9 – 6.3 1.6 4.5 0.2 Shark–sorrah 3.6 4.0 – – 3.7 0.9 5.0 Shark–spinner 6.9 7.6 0.6 – 7.0 13.8 3.1 Shark–tiger 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.7 Shark–unspecified 1.9 0.2 15.7 38.9 0.9 2.3 1.9 Shark–whaler unspecified 10.1 5.2 49.5 5.4 10.3 9.4 11.4 Shark–white cheek 0.6 0.7 – – 0.6 0.1 0.9 Shark–white tip reef 0.0 0.0 – – 0.0 0.0 –

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Percentage Contributions [by symbol, method & region] Percentage of Common Name / Logbook Entry Fishing Symbol Method Region Total catch S Non–S Line Net South North Sliteye Shark 0.1 0.1 – – 0.1 0.2 – Shark–gummy 0.0 – 0.0 0.1 – 0.0 – Shark–mako 0.0 – 0.0 0.1 – – 0.0 Shark ray (Dinosaur ray) 0.0 – 0.2 – 0.0 0.1 0.0 Skate–unspecified 0.0 – 0.3 – 0.0 – – Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

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