Nervous System - Revision

Nervous System - Revision

1. The diagram below is of a nerve cell or neuron.

i. Add the following labels to the diagram.

Axon; Myelin sheath; Cell body; Dendrites; Muscle fibers;

ii. If you like, colour in the diagram as suggested below.

Axon - purple;

Myelin sheath - yellow;

Cell body - blue;

Dendrites - green;

Muscle fibers – red;

iii. Now indicate the direction that the nerve impulse travels.

2. There are three different kinds of neuron or nerve cell. Match each kind with its function.

A. Motor neuron; B. Sensory neuron; C. Relay neuron;

Kind of neurone / Function
...... / The nerve cell that carries impulses from a sense receptor
to the brain or spinal cord.
...... / The nerve cell that connects sensory and motor neurons
...... / The nerve cell that transmits impulses from the brain
or spinal cord to a muscle or gland

3. Match the descriptions in the table below with the terms in the list.

A. Synapse; B. Axon; C. Myelin sheath; D. Nerve impulse; E. Sense receptor; F. Response;

G. Reflex; H. Cell body; I. Dendrite; J. Nerve; K. Neurotransmitter; L. Axon terminal

Term / Function
...... / 1. The long fibre that carries the nerve impulses.
...... / 2. A bundle of axons.
...... / 3. The connection between adjacent neurons.
...... / 4. The chemical secreted into the gap between neurons at a synapse.
...... / 5. A rapid automatic response to a stimulus.
...... / 6. The covering of fatty material that speeds up the passage of nerve impulses.
...... / 7. The structure at the end of an axon that produces neurotransmitters to transmit the nerve impulse across the synapse.
...... / 8. The high speed signals that pass along the axons of nerve cells.
...... / 9. The branching filaments that conduct nerve impulses towards the cell.
...... / 10. The sense organ or cells that receive stimuli from within and outside the body.
...... / 11. The reaction to a stimulus by a muscle or gland.
...... / 12. The part of the nerve cell containing the nucleus.

4. The diagram below shows a cross-section of the spinal cord. Add the following labels to the diagram.

Central canal; White matter; Dorsal root; Grey matter; Ventral root; Skin;

Muscle; Sensory neuron; Relay neuron; Motor neuron; Pain receptors in skin

5.

a)  List in order the 3 different neurons involved in a reflex arc from the stimulus to the response.

Stimulus / ...... / ...... / ...... / Response

6. Indicate whether the following parts of the nervous system are part of the Central Nervous System CNS) or the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

Part of nervous system / CNS or PNS?
Brain / ......
Autonomic nervous system / ......
Spinal nerves / ......
Spinal cord / ......
Cranial nerves / ......

10. Match the descriptions below with the parts of the nervous system in the list. You may need to use some terms more than once.

A. Autonomic nervous system; B. Central nervous system; C. Peripheral nervous system;

D. Parasympathetic nervous system; E. Sympathetic nervous system

Description / Part of the nervous system
1. Part of the nervous system that is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. / ......
2. Part of the nervous system that is composed of the cranial and spinal nerves. / ......
3. The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the activity of the heart and smooth muscle. / ......
4. The part of the autonomic nervous system that increases heart and respiratory rates, increases blood flow to the skeletal muscles and dilates the pupils of the eye. / ......
5. The part of the autonomic nervous system that increases gut activity and decreases heart and respiratory rates. / ......