INTRODUCTION
Multimedia content description standard. Addresses how humans expect to interact with computer systems. Part of ISO. Defines standards for digital audio and video. Primal task to develop a format to play back video and audio in real time from CD. Well known standards – MPEG-1, 2, 4 &7. MPEG-7 focuses on representing information about the content, not the content itself. Main goal to provide a rich set of standardized tools to describe the multimedia content. DIFFERENT VIDEO FORMATS
AVI FORMAT Oldest format in 8086 world. Audio video interlaced. Created by Microsoft. Maximum resolution of 160*120 pixels with a refresh rate of 15 frames per second. Popular as first video editing systems and software appeared that used AVI by default. Examples-Fast’s AV master, Micro/Pinnacle’s DC10 to DC50. Disadvantages : Manufacturers adapted AVI format according to their own requirements, AVI format is subject to additional restrictions under windows 98 which makes professional work at higher resolutions more difficult. APPLE’S FORMAT Created by Macintosh, also used in 8086 based pc’s. Proprietary standard of apple’s Quicktime application. Superior to AVI in functionality and quality.
MJPEG FORMAT Stands for Motion JPEG. Intermediate step between still image and video format.
MPEG FORMATS Most popular standard. Stands for Moving Pictures Expert Group. Platform independent. MPEG-1 Released in 1993. Objective to achieve acceptable frame rates and the best possible image quality for moving images and their sound signals for media with a low band width (1-1.5 M bit/s). Design goal is ability to randomly access a sequence within half a second, without a noticeable loss in quality. For most home user and business applications.
MPEG-2 Released in 1995. Basic structure same as that of MPEG-1. Allows data rate up to 100 M bit/s. Used for TV, video films on DVD-Rom. MPEG-4 Highest video quality possible for extremely low data rate (10 K bit/s to 1 M bit/s). Organization of the image contents into independent objects inorder to process them individually. Used for video transmission over internet.
MPEG-7 Latest MPEG project. Can be used independently of other MPEG standards. MPEG-7 T ECHNICAL ACTIVITIES
Standard for defining features of multimedia content . Users can search, browse and retrieve contents effectively and efficiently. MPEG-7 define a multimedia library of methods and tools. MPEG-7 standardizes: A set of descriptors (D) A set of description schemes (DS) A language that specifies description schemes, the Description Definition Language (DDL) One or more ways (textual, binary) to encode descriptions ORGANIZATION OF MPEG-7 DESCRIPTION TOOLS Basic elements at lower level: basic data types , mathematical structure , schema tools , linking and media localization tools. Schema tools specifies elements for creating valid MPEG-7 schema instance documents and description fragments. Based on this lower level content description and management elements can be defined. These elements describe content from several view points. Currently five view points: Creation and production Media Usage Structural aspects Conceptual aspects Creation and production: Contains media information that describes creation and production of content. Usage: Contains media information related to usage of content. Media: Contains description of storage media. Structural aspects: Contains description of AV content from the viewpoint of its structure. Conceptual aspects: Contains a description of AV content from view point of its conceptual notations. Tools for navigation and access and content organization which addresses organization of content by classification. User interaction: Describes user’s preferences for the consumption of multimedia content and usage history.
MPEG-7 WORKING GROUPS Concentrates on specification of description tools (Descriptors and Description schemes). The base for DDL is XML scheme language. MPEG-7 AUDIO GROUP Develops a range of description tools ranging from generic audio descriptors to more sophisticated description tools like Timbre.
MPEG-7 VIDEO GROUP Four groups of description tools: Color ,texture, shape and motion.
MPEG-7 MULTIMEDIA DESCRIPTION SCHEMES GROUP Develops description tools dealing with generic and audiovisual features. Mainly deals with content description and content management.
MPEG-7 IMPLEMENTATION STUDIES GROUP Designing and implementing MPEG-7 reference software (XM). MPEG-7 SYSTEMS GROUP Develops DDL. MPEG-7 APPLICATION DOMAINS
Board range of applications. Ranges from multimedia digital libraries ,broadcast media selection ,multi media editing ,home entertainment devices. Make web as searchable for multimedia content as it is searchable for text today. All domains making use of multimedia will benefit from MPEG-7. ADVANTAGES
MPEG standards have been successful in the marketplace. Taking advantage of MPEG-7 expertise. Interoperability: rapid uptake of MPEG-7, as it is built on enabling technologies and standards. Data exchange between subsidiaries. Market potential for MPEG-7 applications. MPEG-7 will enable a new generation of multimedia applications. MPEG-7 tools for killer applications. MPEG-7 intellectual property and management protection. MPEG-7 makes content more valuable. MPEG-7 provides a seamless path towards increasingly intelligent content management systems. CONCLUSION
MPEG-7intended to describe audiovisual information regardless of storage , coding , display ,transmission ,medium ,or technology. Addresses a wide variety of media types. Operate both in real time and non real time environments.
MPEG-7
AYYAPPA DAS M.R. Roll No. 00103015 S7 CSE-A MPEG-7 MULTIMEDIA DESCRIPTION SCHEMES