The

collected during the voyages of the Willem Barents in the

Arctic Seas in the years 1880—1884

BY

Thomas R.R. Stebbing

With plates 1—7.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access THE AMPHIPODA

COLLECTED DURING THE VOYAGES OF THE WILLEM BARENTS IN THE

ARCTIC SEAS IN THE YEAR8 1880—1884.

BY

The Rev. THOMAS R. R. STEBBING, M. A.

With plates 1—7.

The arctic amphipoda collected by the Willem Barents’ expeditions of 1878 and 1879 were

had carried out the described by Dr. P. P. C. Hoek. The same eminent carcinologist already

of the to at preliminary sorting present collection, when, upon appointment his important post

Helder, he found that the time requisite for describing it was no longer at his command. Under these circumstances at his Max did the honour of for suggestion Professor Weber me asking my

and is the result. services, the following paper

Of the sixty species here recorded the majority are already well known. They include a

number of the most forms the Gammaridea. The in the very large striking among specific names

due to of writers it be said list are a score authors, concerning whom, as on Amphipoda, may

have them not most of the best but also the best out of most. For fifteen that they among only

the mentioned science is indebted to the elaborate of whose of species accuracy Kröyer, high qua- lities to be kind of heirloom in the Scandinavian school of naturalists. That the appear a Amphi- poda should have been in the first instance best studied by northern observers is, however, not surprising. For, compared with the forms of these Crustacea commonly met with in Dutch and

waters, the Arctic claim English species attention and respect by gigantic size, a bristling arma-

brilliant or ture, colouring, prodigious swarms. They cannot be overlooked and ignored, as their in kindred are England. In to of established I practically regard many the species and genera

a full but have have not given synonymy, thought it sufficient to refer to the Bibliography an- the nexed to on Challenger In view of the full my Report Amphipoda. descriptions published the work the Crustacea O. elsewhere, and especially in admirable on of Norway by G. Sars,

I have limited to an occasional comment or identi- now in course of publication, usually myself

In a few instances detailed of old note or descriptions species fying upon existing genera species. to will be serve a special Five new have been given, in each case, as easily perceived, purpose.

seem an inconsiderable number in so fine a species are described. Though this may collection, the of the harvest of nevertheless, when it is remembered who have been reapers Arctic amphi- fall short of the last this late will not any reasonable poda during fifty years, gleaning expecta- in the Southern tions. To judge by the results obtained at Kerguelen Island Ocean, it is much who devotes himself rather in Antarctic than in Arctic waters that the explorer to the search after

forms. There it is to find new and are, true, some remarkable Amphipoda may hope surprising and far same both far north but these instances in which the species occurs south, are after all not very numerous.

refers Of the to which the Report eleven to the forty-two genera present belong family Lysia- defined in the classical work nassidae, ten of them being accepted as of Sars above-mentioned.

I doubtful the of have not been but under am whether genera that family needlessly multiplied, follow the existing circumstances I have been compelled to example of the dog in the fable, which, the other being unable to defend its master's dinner from dogs, took part of the dinner for itself.

the of Lysianassid I forced that in- Thus, while deploring increased number genera, am by very

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crease to add to the number the For the remarkable new genus Paronesimus. new genus

Gulbarentsia* no apology is needed, and the transfer of Rhachotropis fragilis (Goes) to a

new Rozinante I think, be Attention also be called to the genus cannot, opposed. may recog-

nition ofAmathilla as in fact the of Heuglini, Buchholz, being type Stuxberg's genus Wey-

it is to mention to prechtia. Lastly, right that, contrary my former usage, adopted fromBoeck,

of of the limb from one numbering the joints to six, I now number them from two to seven.

This is no doubt the more correct it to leave the first enshrouded practice, although appears joint in whether it be a mysterious silence. In the amphipoda in fact the first joint is not a joint, for

as bundle of those regarded the muscles commonly soldered to the side-plate, or as comprising

muscles with the it does not form and is counted together side-plate, any proper articulation, in

chiefly for the advantage of comparative anatomy.

Contents

Page Page

Socarnes Vahlii (Kröyer) 3 Aceros phyllonyx (M. Sars) 27

» bidenticulatus 3 Heller 28 Bate) ... (Sp. Amathillopsis spinigeva, ....

n. Plate 1 4 Pleustes 28 Hippomedon squamosus, sp. . panopla (Kroyer)

Orchomenella minutus 6 G. O. Sars 29 ...... (Kroyer) Epimeria loricata, .

7 Acanthozone 29 Anonyx nugax (Phipps) hystrix (Owen)

» Boeck 8 Acanthonotozoma 31 Lilljeborgii, serraturn (Fabricius) . .

cicada 9 » cristatum (Owen)... 32 Hoplonyx (O. Fabricius) ....

litoralis inflatum Alibrotus (Kroyer) 9 » (Kroyer). Plate 6). 32

Onisimus Edwardsii (Kroyer) 10 Atylus Smitti (Goes) 35

» 10 laeviusculus 36 (Kroyer) . . . plautus (Kroyer) .

» caricus, Hansen 11 » 36 grandoculis (Sp. Bate). ...

12 Hansen » brevicaudatus, Hansen.... . 36 Amphithopsis glacialis, . . .

Chironesimus 13 D examine Boeck 37 . Debruynii (Hoek) . . . thea,

Paronesimus Barentsi, n. et Plate 2 14 aculeatus 37 Rhachotropis (Lepechin) . . . g. sp. .

Helleri Menigrates obtusifrons, Boeck 15 » (Boeck) 37

Lepidepecreum umbo (Goes) 16 Rozinante fragilis (Goes) 39

Ampelisca Eschrichtii, Kroyer 17 Gammarus locusta (Linn) 39

» 17 Melita dentata 40 . macrocephala, Lilljeborg. . (Kroyer)

Byblis Gaimardii (Kroyer) 17 Gammaracanthus loricatus (Sabine) 40 ...

» n. 18 Amathilla homari C. 40 intermedius, sp (J. Fabricius) ...

Haploops robusta, Sars 18 Weyprechtia Heuglini (Buchholz). Plate 7. 41 Hansen » tubicola, 19 Microdeutopus arcticus, 43 Lilljeborg ....

» laevis, Hoek. Plate 3 19 rubricata 44 .... Amphithoe (Montagu) ....

21 Podocerus 44 inflatus, . (Kroyer) Stegocephalus Kroyer . . . anguipes

Oediceros saginatus, Kroyer 21 » megacheir, Boeck 44

Sars » M. 21 » tuberculatus, Hoek 44 lynceus, ....

» G. O. Sars 22 Bricthonius Hunteri Bate) 45 (Sp. .... microps, ....

Monoculodes 45 Hanseni, n. Plate 4 22 medusarum sp. . . Hyperoche (Kroyer) ....

24 Euthemisto libellula 46 (Goes) (Lichtenstein) ... Acanthostepheia Malmgreni ...

Miers. 25 Parasitic 46 Acantliostepheia pulchra**j ... Isopod

* et Gulbarentsia Hoeki, n. g. sp. Plate 5. 25

25 name Barentsia Hincks in 4880 a of its use in this on *) Since the was applied by to genus Polyzoa, paper page and plate 5 is hereby cancelled in favour of Gulbarentsia.

"all On line reference is made to "the two of this The wording should be the **) page 25, 24, specimens" species. specimens", as there were in fact several.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access GENUS SOCARNES, Boeck, 1870.

bor. et 19 1870. Socarnes, Boeck, Crust, amph. arct,, p. (99).

697. 1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

Crustacea of vol. I. 2. 43. 1890. » Sars, Norway, pt. p.

Socarnes Vahlii (Kröyer),

1838. Lysianassa Vahlii, Kroyer, Gronlands Amfipoder. p. 5 (233).

1838. Anonyx Vahlii, Kroyer, Gronlands Amfipoder, p. 16 (244).

» Tidsskr. R. I. Bd. R. II. Bd. 1. 599. 1844. » Kroyer, Naturhist. 2. p. 256; p.

Socarnes Crust, bor. 1870. Vahli, Boeck, amph. et arct., p. 20 (100).

1872. » » Boeck, De Skand. og Arkt. Amph., p. 129, pi. 6, fig. 8.

1890. » Crustacea of vol. I. 2. 16. 2. » Sars, Norway, pt. p. 44, pi. fig.

1890. » Vahlii, Meinert, Crustacea , p. 151.

VII Fath. Loc. Lat. 70° 24' 50" N. - Lat.45° 50'51" E. 6 1882. 55

Socarnes bidenticulatus (Sp. Bate).

Ross's Second 1835. Gammarus nugax, Owen (not Sabine), Voyage, Appendix, p. ixxxvn.

1858. Ann. and Nat. 3. 1. 362. Lysianassa bidenticulata, Sp. Bate, Mag. Hist. Ser. vol. p.

1862. » Brit. Mus. Catal. Crnst. 65. PI. 10. 3. nugax, Sp. Bate, Amph. p. fig.

1866. Vahli Crust, maris 2. » (pars), Goes, amph. Spetsbergiam alluentis, p.

1870. Socarnes Vahli Crust, bor. et arct. (pars), Boeck, amph. p. 20 (100).

» De 1872. » » Boeck, Skand. og Arkt. Amph. p. 129.

Ann. and Nat. Hist. 4. vol. 136. 1877. Anonyx bidenticulatus, Miers, Mag. ser. 19. p.

»Willem Barents" Taf. 29 — 29 1882. » ovalis, Hoek, Crustaceer, p. 42, 3. fig. r.

Den norske Crust. 1 A. 276. 1885. Socarnes bidenticulatus Sars, Nordhavs-Exped. pp. 139, IB. pi. 12. fig. 1.

Crust, von Jan die internat. Polarforsch. 1886. » » Koelbel, Mayen,

Bd. 3. p. 8.

Den norske Crust. II. 38. 1886. » » Sars, Nordhavs-Exped. p.

Hansen & 1887. » » Holm, Dijmphna-Togtet Krebsdyr, pp. 211, 495,

Tab. 21. fig. 5—5c.

Crust, mar. Groenl. occid. 62. 1887. » » Hansen, p.

Amphipoda, etc. 1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger pp. 308,

Crustacea of Norway, vol. 1. 2. 1890. » » Sars, pt. p. 44.

and he from a Spence Bate's species was described figured, says, specimen in the Royal Col- he further "it is lege of Surgeons, and of this specimen says, probably the original of the one he the described in Ross's Voyage". For this reason changed specific name bidenticulata to

the name Gammarus on the that he was nugax, Owen having given nugax supposition earlier described dealing with Sabine's species of that name, by Phipps as Cancer nugax and Gammarus. transferred by J. C. Fabricius to Goes, without attending to the tolerably striking

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difference in the third pleon-segment, made Owen's Gammar us nugax as figured and described

Bate of Boeck followed by a synonym Lysianassa Vahli, Kroyer. heedlessly Goes. Miers,

however, reinstated Bate's species as Anonyx bidenticulatus, and Sars, pointing out its

close in to Socarnes then named it approximation many respects Vahlii, Socarnes bidenti-

culatus. This name he still retains in his latest work on the Crustacea of Norway, although

to Socarnes Yahli he "Gam (Kroyer) curiously gives as a synonym mar us ngax [nugax], Owen, not Phipps".

Loc. Lat. 75° 53' N. Long. 54° 13'E. 18 VIII 1881. 60 Fath.

77° 7'N. 58° 54' E. 16 VIII 1882. 13

69° 55' N. 54° 43'28" E. 20 VII 1883.57

69° 48'30" N. 56° 38' 35" E. 11 VIII 1883. 68

70° 13' 22" N. 18° 21' E. 8 VII 1884. 75

76° 59' N. 49° 37' E. 6 IX 1881.

observes that the 9 in 68 fathoms in three have Dr. Hoek (in MS.) among specimens taken 1883,

the lower angles of the third pleon-segment rounded, instead of their being produced and acute.

these sometimes blunted and Since, however, in other specimens angles are very little prominent,

the does be of the absolute disappearance of projection not seem to specific importance.

GENUS HIPPOMEDON, Boeck 1870.

et 22 1870. Ilippomedon, Boeck, Crust, amph. bor. arct., p. (102).

1888. 625. » Stebbing, Challenger' Amphipoda, p.

1890. Crustacea of vol. 1. 3. 55. » Sars, Norway, pt. p.

describes the first the armed with a limited number Sars maxillae as having outer plate only of denticulated spines. Probably the usual number of eleven is normally always present in this

some be in a difficult to observe. genus, though may position

Hippomedon squamosus, n. sp.

Plate I.

In of this to exceed all other members of the In prominence sculpture species appears genus. addition to the lines which can be of closely set fine anastomosing distinguished in many parts

a number of the integument, on most parts there are large projecting scales, in shape something

centre. The lateral the head are blunt. The like a crossbow, with a minute setule at the angles of

postero-inferior angles of the first pleon-segment are rounded, of the second acute, minutely produced,

of the third acute and strongly produced upwards; the fourth segment has a deep dorsal depression.

No were eyes perceived.

First Antennae. The first and second joints of the peduncle are apically produced. Owing to the

the the than transparency of skin apparent prominence is greater the reality both in this and

various other The second and third are short. The first of the species. joints very joint flagellum

than the There is a seta-like at the of this and of the second is longer peduncle. spine apex

is joint. The secondary flagellum is three-jointed, and scarcely as long as the first joint of the primary.

Second Antennae. The gland-cone is prominent, the third joint short, the fourth broader but

shorter than the both of these of short setae on the considerably fifth, having fringes upper

margin. The flagellum is rather more than twice as long as the peduncle, consisting of 32 joints,

the terminal calceolus. each, except one, carrying a

The is little upper lip a unequally bilobed.

The left mandible has a small strap-shaped secondary plate. The elongate palp is set just over

the molar the second carries thirteen setae on the the third is tubercle; joint upper part, joint

fringed with twenty two.

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Eirst Maxillae. The inner plate lias two setae; the outer plate has eleven apical spines, of

each with lateral the other four which seven are stout, a single tooth, are slender, denticulate,

and be The is with about thirteen little denticles so placed as not to easily seen. palp broad, on

the truncate of the second apex joint.

Maxillipeds. The outer plate has about fifteen small spine-teeth on the inner margin.

below. The First Gnathopods. The side-plates are a little expanded second joint is longer than

than half the the fourth and fifth together; the hand is much more length of the fifth joint,

and has the palmar portion finely denticulate, separated from the rest of the hind margin only

which of the As in the first and second by a spine, the apex finger overlaps. peraeopods, so

the here, apex of the finger is covered by a little transparent cap.

Second the next three the Gnathopods. The second joint is as long as together, third joint and is is longer than the fourth; the hand is about half the length of the fifth, almost oblong,

the hind margin rather shorter than the front; the finger small, implanted at about the centre

of the apical margin.

First Peraeopods. The side-plates of these and the two preceding pairs of appendages have

two or three rows of scales along the front margin, the hinder part being without them. The

fourth is and broader than the fifth, and downwards at the front joint longer produced apex. The sixth is little it is the joint a curved; longer but much narrower than fifth, to which it is

attached near the front The seventh margin. joint is more than two thirds as long as the sixth, and slightly curved.

Second The Peraeopods. side-plates are deeply excavate, and have scales disposed over the whole

surface; some of the joints are a little shorter than in the preceding pair.

Third The have lower The oval Peraeopods. side-plates a nearly straight margin. second joint

is much broader above than below and much longer than broad. The finger is slender and straight. Fourth These are Peraeopods. very like the preceding pair, but all the free joints, except the short third one, are longer.

Fifth The Peraeopods. second joint is longer and broader than in the two preceding pairs, and of width above equal and the fourth and fifth are much and both below; joints narrower,

these and the two following joints are shorter than in those pairs. " JL The first have uropods the branches a little shorter than the subequal, peduncles. On one side

one branch in the specimen described was (no doubt abnormally) much shorter than the other. The second have the uropods branches subequal, longer than the peduncles, shorter than the branches

of the first In the third the pair. pair peduncles are shorter than in the second pair, the branches

the outer longer, subequal, lanceolate, or under one having an indistinctly defined terminal joint.

Telson as broad, twice as long reaching beyond the peduncles of the third uropods; the outer

margins nearly straight, with three spines adjacent on either side; the cleft extending for nearly three

of the acute in each of which is quarters the total length, dehiscent only near apices, a spine implanted.

half an inch. Length of the specimen, apart from the antennae,

Loc. Lat. 72° 9' N. Long. 24° 42' 0" E. 24 VI 1881. 154 Path.

The refers to the of the integument. The specific name squamose sculpture species appears to from which it is come nearest to Hippomedon Hoi bo lli (Kroyer), distinguished by the sculp- the want of the details of first ture, apparently by complete eyes, by antennae, by the bolder of the telson. angles of the third pleon-segment, and by the proportions In the last three cha-

racters it but it agrees closely with Hippomedon propinquus, Sars, is separated from that the second in the species by much more elongate oval of the joint third peraeopods.

GENUS ORCHOMENELLA, Sars, 1890.

1890. Orchomenella, Crustacea of Norway, vol. 1. 3. Sars, pt. p. 66 The maxillae have eleven all first on the outer plate spines, of them denticulate, and most of

them rather massive.

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Orchomenella minutus (Kröyer).

1846. Anonyx minutus, Kroyer, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift. R. 2. 5(1.2.00.23-30,42-43,56-57.

1846. Anonix minutus, Kroyer, Voyages en Scandinavie, etc. pi. 18. fig. 2, a—I.

1851. Vetensk. Akad. Forhandl. 22. n°. Anonyx minutus, Liljeborg, Ofversigt Kongl. p. 39.

Brit. 1856. » » Sp. Bate, Report Assoc. 1855, p. 58.

Ann. & Nat. Hist. 1857. » » Sp. Bate, Mag. Ser. 2. vol. 19. p. 138.

1857. of British » » White, Popular History Crustacea, p. 170.

1857. » » Reinhardt, Fortognclsc over Gronlands Krebsdyr, in Rink's Gronland,

Bd. 2. App. 2. N°. 39.

» » Brit. Mus. Catal. Crust, 1862. Sp. Bate, Amph. p. 76. pi. 12. fig. 6.

» » Bate and Westwood, Brit. Sess. Crust, vol. 108. woodcuts. 1862. 1. p.

1866. Crust, Ofvers. K. Vet. Akad. Forh. 520. Lysianassa minuta, Goes, amph. Spetsberg., 1865, p.

1866. Anonyx minutus, Heller, Amph. adriat. Meer., Denkschr. der k. Akad. d. Wiss. Math.

naturw. CI. B. 26. Abth. 2. 24. p.

Crust, bor. et 1870. Orchomene minutus, Boeck, amph. arct, p. 36 (116).

1870. Anonyx minutus, Metzger, Jahresbericht der naturf. Gesellsch. zu Hannover N°. 20.

and Arch. f. d. Naturw. Bd. 520. p. 37 gesammt. 36. p.

1875. Orchomene minuta, Liitken, Crustacea of Greenland, in Royal Society manual.

1876. Orchomene De Skand. Arkt. 174. 5. 3. minutus, Boeck, og Amph. p. pi. fig.

1876. Anonyx serratus, Stebbing, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4. vol. 17. p. 340. pi. 19.

fig. 3, a—c.

dell' Atti. R. Inst. 1877. Anonyx minutus, Stalio, Catal. Crost. Adriatico, Veneto, s. 5

vol. 3. p. 243.

1878. in revised and added » » Sp. Bate, Crust, Couch's Cornish Fauna to,

Journ. Inst. Pt. 2. N°. 19. 46. Roy. Cornwall, p.

1880. » » Nebeski, Amph. der Adria, Arb. aus dem zool. Inst, zu Wien,

Bd. 3. Heft 2. p. 34.

1882. Orchomene minutus, G. O. Sars, Oversigt af Norges Crustaceer, Christ. Yidensk.

Forh. 18. 21. N°. p.

1883. J. S. Tromso Mus. for 27. » » Schneider, Aarsberetning 1882, p.

Proc. S. 1883. » » S. I. Smith, U. Nat. Mus. vol. 6. p. 227.

Crust, Mus. Aars. 1884. » » J. S. Schneider, i Kvaenangsfjorden, Tromso

VII. 69. p.

1885. Prodromus Faunae 1. 420. Anonyx minutus, Carus, Mediterraneae, vol. p.

1886. Orchomene Den norske Crustacea. II. 42. minutus, Sars, Nordhavs-Expedition, p.

1887. » Catal. Crust. Malac. de 77. » Bonnier, Concarneau, p.

1887. » » Hansen, Dijmphna-Togtet Krebsdyr, Resume.

1887. » » Hansen, Malacostraca marina Groenlandiae occid., Yidensk.

Meddel naturk. Foren. i 76. Kjobh. p.

1888. » etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 215,

1890. » » Meinert, Crustacea 1. 13-17. Malacostraca, p. 154, pi. fig. Orchomenella Crustacea 1890. minuta, Sars, of Norway, vol. 1. pt. 3. p. 66. pi. 24. fig. 1.

With to the above it should be stated that the regard synonymy Goes demurs to inclusion of the species named Anonyx minutus by Spence Bate in his British Museum Catalogue and

British Sessile-Eyed Crustacea; Boeck, in concluding his account of Orchomene minutus,

"that which Bate from the coast does not with says, Spence figures English entirely agree our species, and that which Metzger has found on the coast of East Priesland, will not according to him with while Sars in agree Kroyer's description", 1886 remarks, "Heller records the as

in the but I it as whether occurring Adriatic; regard very doubtful, the species examined by

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access 7 that naturalist be actually identical with the northern form". If Spence Bate, Heller, and Metzger,

the have not had in view Kroyer's species, half of above references will have to be cancelled,

which leaving to Orchomenella minutus only those are concerned with northern localities.

For the and Nebeski Carus borrows Mediterranean species of Heller a description from Spence Bate's British Museum Catalogue.

of the usual Kroyer speaks of the form of the species as being character, and rightly, although when distended the animal and the male have the somewhat slender especially may appearance depicted by Petersen in the "Voyages en Scandinavie".

the of this abundant the zealous Among numeraus specimens species investigator may always cherish the hope of finding examples of Orchomenella pinguis (Boeck), in which the hind margin of the third pleon-segment is minutely crenulated and the first gnathopods are stouter, with shorter wrist. One be to wonder whether the of these two a relatively may permitted

unaided the know species, by microscope, can one another apart.

Loc. Lat. 73° 5' N. Long. 52° 14' E. 6 VIII 1881. 36 Path.

Lat. 75° 53' N. Long. 54° 13' E. 18 VIII 1881. 60 Eath. Zeehunds-Bay, brackish water 18 VIII 1881

Hammerfest Harbour. 25 IX 1881

Lat. 69° 61' 33" N. Long. 57° 23'48" E. 31 VII 1883. 25 Path.

GENUS ANONYX, Kröyer, 1838.

1838. An Gronlands 242. onyx, Kroyer, Amfipoder, p.

1870. Crust, bor. et 27 » Boeck, amph. arct., p. (107).

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 607, 1689, etc.

1891. » Crustacea of vol. 87. Sars, Norway, 1. pt. 4. p.

In the left mandible there are two teeth at the lower angle of the cutting edge; on the right

mandible there is only one tooth in this position. In the first maxillae two of the eleven spines

on the outer are or seven plate placed considerably below the apex; there are only six spine-teeth

the of the on apex palp.

Anonyx nugax (Phipps).

1774. Cancer A towards the North 2. nugax, Phipps, Voyage Pole, p. 192, pi. 12, fig.

1781. Gammarus nugax, Fabricius, Species Insectorum, p. 515.

1826. Talitrus nugax, Ross, Appendix to Parry's Third Voyage, Crustacea, n°. 15.

Gronlands 1838. Anonyx lagena, Kroyer, Amfipoder, pp. 237, 244, pi. 1. fig. 1. 9-

Gronlands 1838. Anonyx appendiculosus, Kroyer, Amfipoder, pp. 240, 244, pi. 1. fig. 2. rf.

Hist. nat. des vol. 3. 21. 1840. Lysianassa lagena, Milne-Edwards, Crust., p.

Hist. nat. des vol. 3. 1840. Lysianassa appendiculata, Milne-Edwards, Crust., p. 21.

Naturhist. Tidsskr., R. 2. Bd. 1. 578. Bd. 2. 43 1845. Anonyx ampulla, Kroyer, p. p.

Gaimard's en Scandinavie, etc., 13. 1846. » » Kroyer, Voyages pi. fig. 2.

Ann. and Nat. Hist. ser. 4. vol. 20. 135. 1877. Anonyx nugax, Miers, Mag. p. 1690. 1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

of vol. 1. 4. 88. 1891. » » Sars, Crustacea Norway, pt. p. pi. 31.

be added, but most There are various other references which might of them will be found in

Bate does the to the not to Bibliography Challenger Amphipoda. Spence seem have been aware that did his from his Kroyer not distinguish Anonyx ampulla Anonyx lagena. Spence Bate's lagena is (Phipps), while his Anonyx Anonyx nugax Anonyx ampulla is now Try- and his is Socarnes phosites longipes, Lysianassa nugax bidenticulatus (Sp. Bate). the "maximum of arctic 40 but Sars gives length specimens mm", Miers has recorded a specimen

44 and in the collection the of inch and measuring mm., present length an four fifths, or 45 mm,

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from rostral end of is This most point to telson, attained. species was the northerly of the Crusta-

obtained in the North Polar of cea Nares' Voyage to sea, being taken at a depth 72 fathoms in

Atlantic in latitude 83°19'N. The Norwegian North Expedition obtained it numerous places,

down to 658 fathoms. H. J. in his Malacostraca of West that Hansen, Greenland, supposes it is

probably most frequent between 10 and 50 fathoms. Dr. Hoek in 1882 records several stations at which the was obtained the Willem Barents in 1878 and species by 1879. In subsequent years

it was taken at the following stations.

Lat. 70° 12'22" N. 56° 88'35" 1883. Long. E. 68 Fath. Temp. — l°.l.

Lat. 71° 33' N. 64° 36'E. 22 III 60 Long. 1883. Fath. Temp. — 1°.4.

Lat. 69° 45'12" N. Long. 54° 34'26" E. 1883. 31 Fath. Temp. — 0°.9.

Lat. 69° 32'56" N. Long. 59° 9' 7" E. 1883. 15 Fath. Temp. — l°.l.

69° Lat. 58'30" N. Long. 54° 43'28" E. 1883. 57 Fath. Temp. — 1°.

Lat. 69° 55' N. Long. 58° 54' E. 16 VIII 1882. 43 Fath. Temp. + 2°.3.

71° Lat. 39'N. Long. 64° 58' E. 23 IV 1883. 78 Fath. Temp. — 1°.3.

70° 1' Lat. 12" N. Long. 55° 53' 52" E. 1883. 72 Fath. Temp. - 0°.9.

70° 1' N. 63° E. II 1883. Lat. Long. 57' 10 60 Fath. Temp. — 1°.6.

Lat. 70° 24' 50" N. Long. 45° 50' 51" E. 6 VII 1882. 55 Fath. Temp. — 0°.6.

Anonyx Lilljeborgii, Boeck, (? nugax Phipps).

1870. 29 Anonyx Lilljeborgii, Boeck, Crust, amph. bor. et arct., p. (109).

1872. De Skand. Arkt. Anonyx Lilljeborgi, Boeck, og Amph., p. 154. pi. 4. fig. 3.

1891. Crustacea of vol. 1. 90. Anonyx Lilljeborgii, Sars, Norway, pt. 4. p. pi. 32. fig. 1.

is from its inferior This species scarcely distinguishable Anonyx nugax, except by greatly

size. This inferiority would itself suffice to account for some of the distinctions drawn between

head "a the two species. Sars mentions that the lateral corners of the are little more produced

"less dilated in their inferior and narrowly rounded at the tip", that the first side-plates are part", that the third has "the terminal lobe smaller and less pleon-segment comparatively .... acute", that the first antennae are comparatively shorter, with the peduncle less swollen, that the first

less that gnathopods are robust, the second have a narrower hand, that the last three pairs of peraeopods are comparatively less elongated, that the last uropods have the rami considerably

with less and that the telson is little narrower, a number of marginal denticles, a longer in

to its breadth. In of these have for proportion my opinion none points any importance specific distinction. In regard to the first side-plates and the angles of the third pleon-segment I do not think that distinction be drawn the two The any can between species. only point which may

be relied perhaps really upon is, that in the present species in the second gnathopods the hand "is more distinctly produced at the tip" beneath the finger. In both species the relations of length

wrist and hand of considerable between the the first gnathopods seem subject to variation; in

the second ramus indented some above and furnished both, uropods have the inner way the apex at the indentation with considerable as in so other of this a spine many species family. In Anonyx Lilljeborgii Sars calls attention to the circumstance that the first two pairs of

are furnished with denticle at the end im- peraeopods "a very conspicuous obtuse of the propodos

below be mediately the dactylus". This may possibly included among the specific distinctions, since this knobbed also is more in the spine, though present in Anonyx nugax, conspicuous smaller Boeck states that the of are and those of species. eyes Anonyx nugax black, Anonyx

Sars states that in former the ocular is Lilljeborgii red. the species pigment very dark, black, in the latter brownish red. In our specimens there is no such distinction in colouring, the pigment being dark wine red, and the effect in the mass would be described by saying that the are black. It does not seem that there should be a third with eyes probable species agreeing

in the colour of the but with in size Anonyx nugax eyes, Anonyx Lilljeborgii (about

other six-tenths of an inch) and in the produced hand of the second gnathopods, while in respects

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all the three would be practically indistinguishable. I retain Boeck's species for the moment,

the most convenient of to the but conviction is that as way calling attention subject, my own

of Anon.yx Lilljeborgii is only a small form Anonyx nugax.

Loc. Vardo. Basse Sund. 1881.

Hammerfest Harbour 25 IX 1881.

Lat. 70°30'N. Long. 45° 29'E. 6 VII 1882. 55 Fath.

GENUS HOPLONYX, Sars, 1891.

Crustacea of vol. 1. 4. 91. "1891. Hoplonyx, Sars, Norway, pt. p. of from An Sars derives the name from the armature the In separating this genus onyx finger the of the first gnathopods, describing joint in question as "dactylus rather elongated, minutely the middle inside and a distinct tooth and a few denticulated having beyond very secondary

of 2 lamellae". In Onisimus the is setae, apex composed juxtaposed pointed finger similarly con-

but with In the has structed, a a double simple apex. Hippomedon squamosus finger apex,

as described above.

Hoplonyx cicada (O. Fabricius).

1780. Oniscus cicada, O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenlandica, n°. 233.

1845. Naturhist. Tidsskr. Anonyx gulosus, Kroyer, R. 2. Bd. 1. p. 611.

Gaimard's 1846. » » Kroyer, Voyages en Scandinavie, etc; pi. 14.

1888. Anonyx cicada, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 46, 617, 1645, 1690, etc.

1891. Crustacea of 1. 5. 92. 32. 2. Hoplonyx cicada, Sars, Norway, vol. pts. 4, p. pi. fig.

and the of is By Norman, Boeck, Sars, Anonyx Holbollii Spence Bate given as a syno-

to this That cannot the and nym species. determination, however, depend on figures descriptions

Bate himself. given by Mr. Spence In the British Museum Catalogue the telson is figured as short

and emarginate instead of long and deeply cleft. In the British Sessile-Eyed Crustacea the telson with is apparently figured care, and exhibits only a single pair of dorsal denticles, which Sars

gives as a character of his new species Hoplonyx si mi lis.

Loc. Lat. 70°48'N. Long 38° E. 12 VII 1880. 115 Eath.

Lat. 71° 4'N. Long. 62° 43' E. 12 VII 1883. 76 Eath. (Varna).

GENUS ALIBROTUS, Milne-Edwards, 1840.

des vol. 1840. Alibrotus, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crustaces, 3. p. 23.

Brit. Mus. Oatal. Crust., 86. 1862. » Spence Bate, Amph. p.

Crust, bor. et arct., 31 (111). 1870. O nisi mus (pars), Boeck, amph. p. vol. 1 5. 101. 1891. Alibrotus, Sars, Crustacea of Norway, pt. p.

this the first two pairs of feet "are and According to Milne-Edwards, in genus large, strong, and of the same form, end in a suited for walking and digging; they are nearly large, flat, and and the of which is armed with a stout, conical, scarcely flexible nail". So elongate joint, apex lit little to Kroyer's Anonyx oralis. In the characterized the genus seems applicable reviving both the of both pairs of antennae name Sars varies the definition. In sexes flagella are composed the is considerably longer than trunk of the mandibles. of numerous short joints. The palp The the nearest related first gnathopods have the hand broader than in genera. The telson is entire.

Alibrotus litoralis (Kröyer).

Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. 2. Bd. 1. 621. 1845. Anonyx litoralis, Kroyer, p.

Gaimard's Voyages en Scandinavie 1846. Anonyx littoralis, Kroyer, etc., Crust, pi. 13. fig. 1.

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86. 7. 1862. Alibrotus littoralis, Spence Bate, Brit. Mus. Catal. Amph. Crust., p. pi. 14. fig.

1870. Onisimus Crust, bor. et 32 litoralis, Boeck, amph. arct., p. (112).

Crustacea of vol. 1. 102. 2. 1891. Alibrotus littoralis, Sars, Norway, pt. 5. p. pi. 35. fig.

According to Sars the side-plates of the third peraeopods are "more broad than deep". This is

the hind not the case in our specimen. The fifth peraeopods have margin of the large second

that the joint strongly serrate, as is shown in Kroyer's figure 1p. Sars states telson is "scarcely

the and breadth our more long than broad", and figures it with length exactly equal. In speci-

than the in close men the length is considerably more breadth, agreement wijh Kroyer's figure In,

terminal with his in and the border agrees description showing "three small emarginations, a

broader one in the middle and a smaller on either side of it, with a setule issuing from each

of the carries close to the of of the latter". The sixth segment pleon dorsally upper corners the

five each side. Above these and close the telson a row of unequal spines on to preceding segment

there are on each side three rows of microscopic prickles.

Loc. Lat. 77°28'N- Long. 55° 18'E. 27 VIII 1881. 150 Fath.

GENUS ONISIMUS Boeck, 1870.

1870. Crust, bor. et 31 Onisimus, Boeck, amph. arct., p. (111).

1891. Onesimus, Sars, Crustacea of Norway, vol. 1. pt. 5. p. 104.

On the outer plate of the maxillae there are the usual eleven denticulate spines.

Onisimus Edwardsii (Kröyer).

1846. R. 2. 41. Anonyx Edwardsii, Kroyer, Naturhist. Tidsskr. 2. Bd. pp. 1,

1846. Gaimard's 16. » » Kroyer, Voyages en Scandinavie, Crust., pi. fig. 1.

Onisimus Boeck, Crust, bor. et 33 1870. Edwardsii, amph. arct., p. (113).

1713. 1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

1890. » » Meinert, Crustacea Malacostraca, p. 153.

of 5. 1891. Onesimus Edwardsii, Sars, Crustacea Norway, vol. 1. pt. p. 105. pi. 36. fig. 1.

Loc. Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881.

in June 1878 The specimen from near Smeerenburg (N. Spitsbergen), taken from a depth of

about 8 fathoms, which was referred by Dr. Hoek to Onesimus leucopis, Sars, is certainly

distinct from that species, and belongs to Onisimus Edwardsii.

Onisimus plautus (Kröyer).

1845. Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. 2. Bd. 1. 629. Bd. 2. 39. Anonyx plautus, Kroyer, p. p.

1846. » » Kroyer, Gaimard's Voyages en Scandinavie, etc. Crust., pi. 15. fig. 2.

1870. Onisimus Crust, bor. et 32 plautus, Boeck, amph. arct., p. (112).

1888. » » 1714. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

1891. Onesimus Crustacea of plautus, Sars, Norway, vol. 1. pt. 5. p. 107. pi. 37. fig. 1. There can be little doubt that Boeck and Sars have correctly identified Kroyer's species, but

it be that the of it in third must mentioned figure Gaimard's Voyages has the segment of the

not and pleon completely rounded, produced upward acute, as described by those authors and as in the example here assigned to the species.

The Anonyx plautus of Spence Bate is distinguished from Kroyer's species by the diffe- rently shaped first gnathopods, by the third segment of the pleon with angles not produced, and

the telson which not it most by is incised and scarcely emarginate; seems to approach nearly Nannonyx Goesii (Boeck).

Loc. Long: 70° 30'8" N. Lat: 49° 41'5" E. 29 VII. 1881. 52 Path.

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Onisimus caricus, Hansen.

1887. Onisimus de indsamlede Krebs- caricus, Hansen, Oversigt over paa Dijmphna-Togtet

24. 21. 6—6e. dyr, p. pi. fig.

The lateral angles of the head are broadly rounded. The postero-lateral angles of the third

into a short blunt The fourth pleon segment are produced upwards point. pleon segment has a

slight transverse depression, but is otherwise rather flattened dorsally, which in adult specimens

of width. There are minute of the skin. produces the effect considerable prickles on many parts

are near the centre of the back of the short sixth Two longitudinal rows present pleon seg- also the of the telson. ment and two such rows on upper part , colourless in The are almost in spirit, irregular shape, between round and eyes triangular.

The first antennae have a much dilated first joint, a little produced at the inner angle; the

with a distal in a male about third joint is short, very irregular margin; specimen, nine-tenths

of the an inch long, the flagellum has twenty-seven joints, first as long as four or five of those

which follow almost has calceolus and of short the fla- it; every joint a a row setae; secondary

is the first first gellum five-jointed, terminal joint minute, the nearly as long as the of the pri-

constricted at the base, armed with setae on the inner with the mary , eight strong margin,

adjacent part channelled. In a specimen half an inch long the principal flagellum has thirteen

joints, with no calceoli, the secondary has five joints as in the larger specimen.

The second antennae have the and gland-cone very blunt, the third joint shorter than the fifth

the fifth than the fourth, the flagellum composed of thirty-seven joints, each with a calceolus,

the last two excepted. In the smaller specimen the flagellum has sixteen joints, without calceoli.

The is defined but not from the shallow epistome completely separated upper lip by a very

it is and when in its natural sinus; strongly arched, position presents a triangular appearance, the sides of the defined the of the mandibles. The is triangle being by palps upper lip firmly attached both to the and to the its is formed epistome lower lip; apex by a narrow slightly rounded or squared projection.

The mandibles have a tooth at the lower unci another which is at the angle very insignificant

angle of the The left mandible has small upper catting edge. a strap-shaped secondary plate.

The spine-row is limited to three small The molar is Oni- very spines. directed backwards as in simus The plautus. palp, which is planted above the base of the molar, is slightly longer than the trunk. The on the outer side of spines the distal half of its second joint are numerous, and this is also the close set and long, case with those which fringe the distal three quarters of the inner edge of the third joint; these are forty-four in number on the large specimen, but only

smaller. Between the and the there is the usual eighteen on the palp cutting edge articulating process. and indented both The lower lip has the lobes strongly furred distally, on the apical and the inner margin.

feathered the small inner The first maxillae have two unequal setae on plate; on the much the furred outer plate they have eleven spines, of which as usual upper are stouter and less den-

of the carries on the ticulated than the lower; the second joint palp apex eight spine-teeth, or

as in the smaller specimen only seven.

The second broader and much longer than the maxillae have the outer plate inner; both are armed with furry; the inner has the distal part of the inner edge spines and strongly plumose setae; the outer plate has various spines.

The with those other of Onisimus maxillipeds agree in species very closely, except that in in both the the outer the outer near the plate margin apex large specimen and the small one slender carries three spines instead of only a single spine.

First The widened Gnathopods. side-plates are greatly below; on the inner surface they are famished with several scattered setules. The third, and fourth, fifth joints are of nearly equal

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the fourth is acute at the the hand is than the fifth length; apex; longer joint; it has setae on

both and some on the the margins groups surface; palm is sloping, nearly straight, bordered with

little and with minute which small of the hind spines fringed spinules pass along a portion margin.

There are some stout to assist the of the which denticle on spines impact finger, has a the spi- nulous inner margin.

The second gnathopods have an elongate second joint, the third joint much longer than the

fourth but shorter than the wrist, the hand about half as long as the wrist, widened distally,

the the The hand and three with palm concave, finger strongly arcuate. preceding joints are

much hind surface furred. «Tlie breast" or of the fifth joint is covered with scale-like markings.

First and Second The fourth is Peraeopods. joint nearly as long and as wide as the second, and the fifth is not much larger than the third; the finger is curved. The side-plates of the second

peraeopods are rather squarely produced.

Third The have the and shorter Peraeopods. side-plates length depth equal; they are a little but much broader than the second of the which is in joint limb, produced downwards behind a

rounded lobe. The is much than fourth joint not longer broad, with slender spines on both margins and stout ones in front. The fifth joint is stout, slightly tapering, with spines along the front

and at the behind. margin apex

In the fifth the is as usual much fourth peraeopods second joint larger and the joint narrower

than in the preceding pairs.

The first have the and a little shorter uropods rami nearly equal than the peduncle; they are armed with numerous spines; in the second pair the rami are as long as or longer than the

the third the peduncle; they are spined like the preceding pair; in pair inner ramus is a little longer than the peduncle, and has two or three spines on one margin and five on the other; the outer ramus has a small apical joint, and in the adult specimen carries plumose setae as well as spines.

The telson is than and does not reach the of the of the scarcely longer broad, apex peduncles

third shallow central it has uropods. Besides its emargination a pair of minute lateral indents,

each carrying a couple of small setules.

Loc, Lat. 71° 13' N. Long. 64° 43' E. 24 II. 1883. 59 Fath. (Varna).

Lat. 71° 4' N. Long. 62° 43' E. 12 VII. 1883. 76 Fath. (Varna).

Onisimus brevicaudatus, Hansen.

Onisimus de indsamlede Krebs- brevicaudatus, Hansen, Oversigt over paa Dijmphna-Togtet

216. 21. 7 dyr. p. pi. fig. —le. The lateral angles of the head are" narrowly rounded. The posterolateral angles of the third

pleon-segment are produced upwards in a short acute point.

The first antennae of the specimen examined have a principal fiagellum of fifteen or sixteen joints, most of then with calceoli. The second antennae have twenty-four joints in the fiagellum,

most of them carrying calceoli.

The mouth to be in with those of Onisimus organs seem complete agreement caricus,

of the three the except that the outer plate maxillipeds has only one spine instead of on convex outer margin.

The first gnathopods have the wrist longer than the third or fourth joint, distally more widened than in Onisimus caricus, the spinules of the palm not continued along the hind margin, the finger more prolonged so as to project beyond the palm. The side-plates are rather less widened, and do not show setules on the inner surface.

The second have the hand with the the hinder gnathopods narrow, margins subparallel, pro- duced further than the anterior; the short finger, planted in the middle of the obliquely truncate

does not leave a when closed down. Hansen that this form to apex, cavity explains belongs only The with those the male of this species. peraeopods agree very nearly of Onisimus caricus,

and the proportions of the uropods are similar.

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The telson has a length only equal to its breadth, and the truncate apical margin is not at all

indented. No prickles could be distinguished on its surface, although on the sixth pleon segment

there are two of this rows them as in Onisimus caricus, which in so many other respects species closely resembles.

A second with the small, with Hansen's statement that specimen, marsupial plates very agrees in this species the male and female have a differently shaped hand in the second gnathopods.

This in the Hansen's as joint specimen examined quite agrees with description, being shaped

almost as in Onisimus somewhat broader towards the the front margin caricus, yet apex, much longer than the hinder, the apical border deeply and obliquely emarginate, with the finger robust

and curved, attached near the anterior angle. In our specimen the first antennae have a primary fourteen flagellum of twelve joints, a secondary of five; the second antennae have a flagellum of

There are calceoli. as in the joints. no The apical margin of the telson is not so sharply truncate

male but is concave. This to be to since specimen, very faintly part appears subject variation, the telson Hansen found apex of the telson sometimes a little convex. He describes and figures the

as much broader than long, which will not agree with our specimens.

The two of this in specimens here described were the only undoubted representatives species

the collection. caricus, and They were accompanied by several, of various sizes, of Onisimus

two which affinis in to by specimens, agree with Hansen's description of Onisimus regard

the hand of the second gnathopods and in the little central indentation of the apical margin of

but the of the brevicauda- the telson, shape telson otherwise agrees with that of Onisimus

of which I them information it tus, suppose to be young males. From the existing seems pro-

bable that Onisimus affinis is of Onisimus brevicaudatus. a synonym

Loc. Lat. 71° 13'N. Long. 64° 43'E. 24 II 1883, 59 Fath. (Varna).

GENUS CHIRONESIMUS, Sars, 1891.

1891. Chir onesi of 1. 5. 108. mus, Sars, Crustacea Norway, vol. pt. p.

Chironesimus Debruynii (Hoek).

1882. An onyx debruynii, Hoek, Die Crust, des "Willem Barents", Nied. Arch, fur Zool.,

Bd. I. 3. 30—SOx. Suppl. p. 44, pi. fig.

1891. Chironesimus Debruynii, Crustacea of vol. 1. 5. 109. 37. 2. Sars, Norway, pt. p. pi. fig.

In the inner of the surface of the first forms the first antennae margin upper joint a ridge,

close that of the other. that of one antenna lying to

has two the outer has In the first maxillae the inner plate very unequal plumose setae; plate

the of the is set with nine small eleven spines, all of them denticulate; apex palp spine-teeth. minute The broad outer plate of the maxillipeds has on the inner margin numerous closely set

spine-teeth, and two or three at intervals on the broadly rounded apical margin.

of the distal The first gnathopods have some fine denticles on the palm and a row spines along

of the the inner of the part hind margin. There is a denticle on margin finger.

In the the second the a shallow set round gnathopods palm forms cup, concavity being

with setules and about of blunt It is with to these numerous a score spines. perhaps reference

that Sars outer The speaks of it as being "coarsely denticulated in its part". strongly curved finger

does not reach is with the extremity of the palm; its inner margin fringed setules, but shows no signs of the denticulation of which Sars speaks.

The second uropods have the inner branch deeply indented below the middle, and at the indent

carrying a prominent spine.

the with the In general specimens agree so exactly figures and description recently given by

Professor Sars that it seems superfluous to add anything further to the above notes. For purposes

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be to with of identification attention may called the importance of tlie upper lip compressed lingui- form lobe directed forwards. The hand of the second is often not to and its gnathopods easy see, peculiar shape is found again in Hansen's Onisimus caricus and Onisimus brevicaudatus.

Loc. Lat. 77° 5' N. Long. 63° 53' E. 25 VIII 1881. 65 Path.

Genus Paronesimus, n.

The stands genus near to Onisimus, Boeck, and Ckironesimus, Sars. It is distinguished from Onisimus by having the palp much longer than the trunk in the mandibles, by having the of the first maxillae more and with fewer the the truncate palp elongate spines on apex, by palm of the second gnathopods, and by the telson which is much longer than broad and incised for more than a third but less than half of the length. From Chironesimus, which it strongly resembles in it is fewer the of the first general appearance, distinguished by spines on palp maxillae, by narrower second maxillae, by a different shape and armature of the outer plate of the maxillipeds, by the less deeply cleft telson and the smaller uropods.

The generic name signifies »near to Onisimus".

Paronesimus Barentsi, n. sp. ￿

Plate 2.

to Chironesimus The single specimen was dissected under the impression that it belonged

while in Debruynii (Iloek), with which, however, it agrees only in general figure, differing

The of the numerous details. third segment pleon has the postero-inferior angles slightly produced and The of the is to be the in the up-turned. shape eyes believed same as species just mentioned.

Antennae. The first of the is the two small. First joint peduncle very stout, following joints are

The flagellum has the first joint not very elongate but longer than the only three remaining joints. The secondary flagellum has four joints subequal in length to the first four of the primary.

Second Antennae. The fifth joint of the peduncle is equal in length to the third, but narrower; the fourth joint is much longer. The ten-jointed flagellum is equal in length to the last two joints of the peduncle.

small tooth at either The left mandible has a Mandibles. The cutting edge has a extremity.

small strap-shaped secondary plate. There are only two small spines in the spine-row. The molar

tubercle is not its surface little backward. There is the usual very prominent, grinding sloping a

articulating projection in front of the palp. The latter is planted just over the molar, and has

setae the is but little second. eighteen or nineteen on third joint, which shorter than the

Lower Lip. The apices are broad and apparently smooth.

First Maxillae. The inner is with two setae on the The plate short, unequal plumose apex.

has eleven of them of outer plate denticulate spines, none very stout. The second joint the palp is elongate, and carries on one maxilla four, on the other five, spine-teeth.

Second Maxillae. The inner plate is narrower and much shorter than the outer, yet much more

than half its length.

inner three the The oval outer Maxillipeds. The plate has little teeth on apex. plate reaches

to the of the second of and has ten twelve minute crowded apex joint the palp, or teeth, on

the but in order lower there apical margin open down; is a single spine on the convex outer

of at distance from the The fourth and fifth the are rather margin some apex. joints palp long. The First Gnathopods. The sicle-plates are not broader below than above. second joint is stout, the

third longer than the fourth and equal to the wrist, which is stouter than the hand but much

half shorter. The hand is a little curved and tapering, the apical margin occupied for more than its extent by the finger, then at a different level forming a small sinuous palm. The spines and

setae are few. The finger is short and stout.

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Second Gnatliopods. The second joint is long and slender, widening distally; the third is about

as the The hand more than half half the length of the second and as long wrist. is considerably

as the as its towards the as long wrist, nearly twice as long greatest breadth, widening gradually

setules around is palm which is a little sinuous, with some the hinder portion. The finger strongly

its acute the at a little distance from the tooth-like curved, apex touching palm extremity.

First Peraeopods. The second joint is stout. The fourth joint is longer than the sixth and twice

at the front The is not than The as broad, a little produced apex. fifth joint longer the third. finger is short and curved.

Second Peraeopods. The side-plates are not greatly produced below; the greatest breadth is two

similar to that thirds of the length. The limb is in the preceding pair, but with a longer fourth joint.

The have an and with the hinder lobe Third Peraeopods. side-plates equal length breadth, pro-

the front The second is the duced a little below one. joint nearly as long as side-plate but much

its front the hinder convex and behind the third The narrower, margin concave, produced joint.

fifth fourth joint is about equally broad and long, not longer than the but twice as broad. The sixth joint is longer than the fifth. The finger is slender and curved.

Fourth The have front The the Peraeopods. side-plates a straight edge. joints, except third, are rather longer than in the preceding limb.

Fifth The second is and much broader than in the two Peraeopods. joint longer very preceding

The fourth is less sixth less than in the pairs. joint broad, the fifth and are long preceding pair.

Uropods. The first pair have the peduncle much longer than the rami, which are subequal, each carrying three spines on the margin. In the second pair the peduncle is much and the rami

than in the first in the shorter a little shorter pair; the rami are armed same way; they are than the In the third the as as the peduncle. pair smooth inner ramus is long peduncle, the outer is a little and has a tooth or second at the but no other armature. ramus longer, joint apex

The telson does not reach the the of the third It is cleft for quite apex of peduncle uropods.

four-ninths of its Each carries small length. apex a spine.

The to specific name refers the ship by which the species was obtained.

Loc. Lat. 75° 49' N. Long. 53°42'E. 18 VIII. 1881. 68 Path.

GENUS MENIGRATES, Boeck, 1870.

1870. Boeck, Crust, bor. et 33. Menigrates; amph. arct., p. (113).

De Skand. Arkt. 169. 1876. » Boeck, og Amph., p.

Crustacea of 1. 5. 1891. » Sars, Norway, vol. pt. p. 110.

In the mandibles the molar presents no grinding surface but an elongate microscopically denti-

culate edge. The first maxillae have eleven denticulate spines on the outer plate and six spine-

teeth the the In mentioned below of the first maxillae has the on apex of palp. the specimen one

abnormal number of twelve spines on the outer plate. Aristias Menigrates arcticus, Schneider, 1884, is identified by Sars with tumidus

that the contains but a (Kroyer), so genus Menigrates at present single species.

Menigrates obtusifrons, Boeck.

de 1860. obtusifrons, Forhandl. ved de Skand. Naturf. 8 643. Anonyx Boeck, Mode, p.

1865. Anonyx On the Lysianassa magellanica, 27. 4. brachycercus, Lilljeborg, etc., p. pi. fig. 42—49.

1870. Menigrates obtusifrons, Crust, ampk. bor. et 34 Boeck, arct., p. (114).

1876. » » De Skand. Arkt. 6. 2. Boeck, og Amph., p. 169, pi. fig.

1891. » » Crustacea of vol. 1. 5. 111. 38. 1. Sars, Norway, pt. p. pi. fig. In tke of this Sars synonymy species includes "Anonyx plautus, Sp. Bate (not Kroyer)", but,

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the much smaller size of Bate's it is from besides very Spence species, distinguished Menigra-

t the different of the hand and wrist in the first gnathopods, not e s by very proportions by having incision the angles produced in the third segment of the pleon, and by having no in the telson,

with Goesii agreeing in most respects, as already observed, Nannonyx (Boeck).

The rather puzzling superficial resemblance between Menigrates obtusifrons, Boeck, and

Onisimus plautus (Kroyer), has been pointed out by Sars, by whose figures and descriptions,

however, they can be easily distinguished.

have of thirteen lower The antennae of our a male, a the an- upper specimen, flagellum joints; in each the with the two tennae have one of sixteen joints; joints are broad, large calceoli; only

are minute. The of the antennae is apical joints accessory flagellum upper four-jointed, strongly developed.

The length of the specimen is rather more than half an inch.

Loc. Lat. 74° 31' N. Long. 49° 8'6" E. 13 VIII 1884. 100 Path.

GENUS LEPIDEPECREUM, Bate and Westwood, 1868.

Bate and Hist, of British vol. 1868. Lepidepecreum, Westwood, sessile-eyed Crustacea, 2. p. 509.

af 22. 1882. » Sars, Oversigt Norges Crustaceer, p.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p, 686.

1891. Crustacea of vol. 1. 5. 112. » Sars, Norway, pt. p.

The at contains four Bate West- genus present species, Lepidepecreum longicorne, and wood, Lepidepecreum umbo (Goes), Lepidepecreum clypeatum, Chevreux, and

Lepidepecreum foraminiferum, Stebbing. Sars wishes to cancel the name 1 ongic'orne in favour of the later carinatum, on the ground that longicorne refers only to a masculine character; but that is an insufficient reason for interfering with the invaluable law of priority. There

be little doubt that Sars is in can right making Lepidepecreum mirabile, Meinert, a

of Bate and Westwood's He does not refer to Chevreux's which is synonym species. species,

from the others the hand little than and the distinguished by having a longer the wrist, eyes inconspicuous.

Lepidepecreum umbo (Goës).

Crust, maris etc. Ofv. 1866. Lysianassa umbo, Goes, amph. Spetsbergiam alluentis, afK. Vet.

37. Akad. Forh. 1865. p. 4. Tafl. fig. 6.

Praemissus in St. 1870. » » Iarzynsky, Catal. Crust, amph. mari albo, etc. Pet.

Zool. L. Univ. Mus. Tom. 1. Pt. 2. p. 315.

Orchomene Crust, bor. etarct. Vidensk-Selsk. Forh. 1870. 37 1870. umbo, Boeck, amph. p. (117).

1876. De Skand. Arkt. 178. » » Boeck, og Amph. p.

af 1882. Lepidepecreum umbo, Sars, Oversigt Norges Crustaceer, pp. 22, 81.

1884. Orchomene (Lepidepecreum) umbo, J. S. Schneider, Crust, i Kvaenangsfjorden,

Tromso 70. Mus. aarsb. VII. p.

Den Norske II. 1886. Lepidepecreum umbo, Sars, Nordhavs-Exped. Crust. p, 42.

1888. » etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 355, 686,

Crustacea 1892. » » Sars, of vol. 3. 115. Norway, 1. pt. p. pi. 39. fig. 2.

The antennae in the a have of upper specimen, male, a principal flagellum ten joints, and the secondary flagellum four-jointed. The flagellum of the second antennae consists of sixty-four joints. The the fourth tip of pleon segment is dorsally recurved.

Loc. Between 73° 20' and 75°13'N.

GENUS AMPELISCA, Kröyer, 1842.

1842. Naturhist. R. Bd. 4. Ampelisca, Kroyer, Tidsskrift, 1. p. 154.

1888. etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1035,

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Crustacea of vol. 1. 8. 164. 1891. Ampelisca, Sars, Norway, pt. p.

first In the Sars of the maxillae as the inner without re-describing genus speaks having plate

distinct at least in setae. On the marginal setae. There are, however, some species, two apical

outer plate there are eleven spines.

Ampelisca Esehrichtii, Kröyer.

Eschrichtii. Naturhist. 1842. Ampelisca Kroyer, Tidsskr. R. 1. Bd. 4. p. 155.

1882. Ampelisca eschrichti, Hoek, Crust. »Willem Barents", Nied. Arch, fiir Zool., Suppl.

Bd. 1. p. 59.

etc. 1888. Ampelisca Eschrichtii, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1687,

» » Sars, Crustacea of vol. 1891. Norway, 1. pt. 8. p. 174. pi. 61. fig. 1. the Willem Barents' This species was taken by Expedition at numerous stations in 1878 and

Dr. who mentions that the had 1879, as already recorded by Hoek, largest specimen a length of 30 Sars of the of adult female 25 mm." This measure is over mm. speaks "length reaching

not unfrequently exceeded. Sars has decided that the species Ampelisca dubia, Boeck, and

of of the a welcome Ampelisca propinqua, Boeck, are only stages growth present species, abrogation of two perplexing forms.

at A single specimen in the present collection was taken in 1884

Lat 72° 34' N. Long. 48° 6' E. 140 Fath. Temp. — 0°.6.

Ampelisca macrocephala, Lilljeborg.

1852. Ampelisca macrocephala, Lilljeborg, Ofversigt af Kongl. Yet. Akad. Forhandl.

7. arg. 9. p.

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1687, etc.

Crustacea of vol. ]. 3. 172. 60. 1. 189]. » » Sars, Norway, pt. p. pi. fig.

Of the two in specimens the present collection the one dissected measured half an inch. The

is about six tenths of other an inch long. The agreement with Sars' description and figures of the

is but than species very close, in the first and second peraeopods the finger is decidedly longer the without its two preceding joints combined; in the fifth peraeopods the finger, even whip-like

termination, is considerably more than half as long as the preceding joint, and the rami of the

third uropods are not doable the length of the peduncle. These, however, are trivial differences

which to "four of dorsal in measurement may vary from specimen specimen. The telson has pairs of of as Sars and the outer ramus the denticles and a single pair apical spinules", just describes, slender the with a and second uropods is "armed, near tip, very long spine".

Mouth of Duna. 25 V. 1883.

GENUS BYBLIS, Boeck, 1870.

1870. Crust, 68 Byblis, Boeck, amph. bor. et arct., p. (148).

1S8S. 1669, etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 402,

1891. Crustacea vol. 8. 182. » Sars, of Norway, 1. pt. p.

Byblis Gaimardii (Kröyer).

1846. Ampelisia Gaimardii, Kroyer, Gaimard's Voyages en Scandinavie, etc., pi. 23. fig. 1.

bor. et 1870. Byblis Gaimardi, Boeck, Crust, amph. arct., p. 68 (148). Gaimardii, 1888. Byblis Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1692, etc.

» Crustacea of Norway, vol. 1. 8. 64. 1891. » Sars, pt. p. 183. pi.

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Loc. Lat. 70° 48' N. Long. 38° B. 12 VII 1880. 115 Path.

Lat. 75° 49' N. Long. 53°41'E. 18 VIII 188]. 60 Fath.

Lat. 71° 19'N. Long. 63° 36'E. 23 VI 1883. 85 Fath.

Byblis intermedius, n. sp.

This is to species, represented by a single specimen, very near Byblis affinis, Sars, Byblis

erythrops, Sars, and Byblis Guernei, Chevreux. The head has a blunt rostral point, and below the lower pair of corneal lenses placed the slightly advanced lateral angles. There are traces

The of red pigment round all the eyes. peduncles of the first antennae do not reach the end of

the fourth joint of the second pair, the whole peduncle being little if at all longer than that joint.

There are twenty-seven joints in the flagellum. In the second antennae the fourth and fifth joints

has The and of the peduncle are equal; the flagellum thirty-six joints. gnathopods peraeopods are

of the as as in Byblis affinis, except that in the first two pairs peraeopods finger in Byblis

Guernei is just as long, instead of not quite so long, as the preceding joint. In the pleon the

that Sars for third segment exactly corresponds with figured by Byblis affinis, with broadly

rounded lateral which Sars describes as the truncated projections, "epimeral plates. . . . bluntly at much broader the lateral corners". On the other hand, the telson is very than long, the cleft

falling considerably short of the middle, and rather resembling the telson of Byblis erythrops

like that of Guernei. than that of Byblis affinis; it is very short, Byblis

In blis affinis Sars the of the first antennae as of the By figures peduncle reaching the apex of that the of the adult fourth joint the second pair, and states length female scarcely exceeds

measured half 9 mm. The specimen of Byblis intermedins, a female, an inch from front of the head to the extremity of the third uropods. Loc. Lat. 72° 9' Long. 24° 42'E. 14 June 1881. 145 Path.

GENUS HAPLOOPS, Lilljeborg, 1855,

af Vetensk. Akad. Forhandl. 1855. Haploops, Lilljeborg, Ofversigt Kongl. Arg. 12. p. 135.

1888. etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 285, 1704,

Crustacea of vol. 1. 9. 1891. » Sars, Norway, pi. p. 191.

In the Sars "corneal when the inferior generic description says, lenses, present, only two, pair

being quite absent". Delia Valle, however, states that the genus Hap loops, as represented in the

has four each with corneal lens. This is also true of the Mediterranean, eyes, a species Hap-

Hoek. Goes of tubicola that "from at Auk- loops laevis, says Haploops a great depth

in Greenland Torell of robust and con- padlartok brought a great quantity specimens very having

of the the two on the head and two at front lower lateral of it — spicuously four eyes, top angles

for the rest clearly agreeing with our species". Considering the close general resemblance between

the various of this it seems that the referred to Goes species genus, probable specimens by may have to laevis. The first maxillae have either two belonged Haploops plumose setae or only one such seta on the inner plate, and eleven slender spines on the outer.

Haploops robusta, Sars

of 1891. Haploops robusta, Sars, Crustacea Norway, vol. 1. pt. 9. p. 195. pi. 68. fig. 2.

its This species is distinguished by Sars from Haploops setosa by much larger size, more robust form, the evenly rounded lateral corners of the head, the much shorter and stouter anten-

and the of the third He with nae, non-produced angles pleon-segment. was only acquainted a

The various single specimen, 19 mm. in length. specimens in the present collection are of sizes, the mm. or tenths an There largest being 22 £ nine of inch long, exclusive of the antennae. are

corneal but no lenses, an appearance of an ocular spot including a few bright points near

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each of the head. These so rounded off Sars' angle angles are not strongly as in figure, but more

so in some than in The specimens others. angles of the third pleon segment are minutely pro-

duced at least in some of the the The of the antennae do , specimens including largest. proportions

not differ much from those tenths of of Haploops setosa. In a specimen six an inch long

the flagellum of the first antennae has thirty-three joints, that of the second thirty joints. The fourth of the has dorsal tubercles segment pleon a strong hump with a pair of small flanking it in of rather is advance; the fifth segment has a pair stout tubercles, and the sixth prominently raised each side of the telson. The telson is much than in on more deeply divided Haploops

In the the fourth and fifth to their setosa. fifth peraeopods joints are rather longer in proportion breadth than in the species just named, but with all differences allowed for, the resemblance be-

tween the two species remains extremely close.

Loc. Lat. 75° 3',5 N. Long. 35° 50' B. 25 VI 1880. 147 Fath.

Lat. 72° 41' N. Long. 31°49'E. 2 VII 1882. 136 Fach.

Lat. 72° 9'N. Long. 24° 42' E. 14 Juni 1881. 145 Fath.

Lat. 72° 14'8" N. Long. 22° 30 9" E. 30 Juni 1881. 165 Fath.

Lat. 75° 13' N. Long. 15°46'E. 12 Juli 1881. 175 Fath.

Lat. 75° 49 N. Long. 53° 41'E. 18 Aug. 1881. 68 Fath.

Haploops tubicola, Lilljeborg.

af Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 9. 6. 1852. Ampelisca EschrichtiP, Lilljeborg, OfVersigt Kongi. Arg. p.

1855. tubicola, af Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 12. 135. Iiaploops Lilljeborg, OfVersigt Kongl. Arg. p.

1855. af Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 12. 136. Haploops carinata, Lilljeborg, OfVersigt Kongl. Arg. p.

Crustacea of 189L. Haploops tubicola, Sars, Norway, vol. 1. pt. 9. p. 192. pi. 67.

Sars has recently decided that Haploops carinata is not an independent species, but the

tubicola. himself united the two forms of male of Haploops Lilljeborg at first as the sexes

but when that mistake he Kroyer's Ampelisca Eschrichtii, correcting established a separate for each species sex.

A four tenths of inch doubt a in the specimen, an long, no young male, present collection, with the agrees closely description and figures given by Sars. The angles of the third pleon-seg- ment, however, are a very little produced, and the side-plates of the second peraeopods have the

blunt instead of acute. The seeond of the mandibular produced portion very joint palp has a bend at base. There are two setae close at the of the inner of the first maxillae. the together apex plate

Haploops laevis, Hoek.

Plate. 3.

188:2. Haploops laevis, Hoek, Die Crustaceen gesammelt wahrend der Fahrten des "Willem Barents" in den Jahren 1878 und 1879; Nied. Arch, fur Zool. Suppl.

Bd. 1. p. 61. pi. 3. fig. 81.

1887. » over de indsamlede » Hansen, Oversigt paa Dijmphna-Togtet Krebs-

dyr, p. 230.

The the obtuse-angled front of the head is a little depressed below rest of the dorsal surface; the lateral are advanced. Most of the of the angles not strongly segments peraeon have a patch of

fine down the of the of the very along centre back. The corners second and third segments of the pleon are squared.

two the There are pairs of corneal lenses, the larger pair at top of the head just behind the

the at the lateral frontal depression, smaller pair or under angles. On the Plate the upper an-

as seen from with them is shown tennae jire figured below, and a part of the flat under-surface of the containing the lower of and the sockets of of head, pair eyes both pairs antennae.

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the second and The first antennae have the first joint much thicker than nearly as long, the

contains third joint a third of the length of the second, the flagellum thirty joints. This descrip-

with the tion applies to a specimen six-tenths of an inch long, a female marsupial plates incom-

in the pletely developed. As shown in the figure, one member of this pair of antennae speeimen

second of the than the was incompletely developed, having the joint peduncle shorter first, and a flagellum of only fourteen joints.

The antennae breadth and with but second have the second joint of equal length, a short pro-

minent acute gland-cone. The third joint is more than half the length of the fourth, and the

the of fourth is nearly as long as fifth. There are thirty joints in the flagellum. Both pairs antennae are fringed with numerous long setae.

The and with those of tubicola. lips mouth-organs generally agree very nearly Haploops A few differences be noted. In the mandibles the of the are ten and eleven in may spines spine-row and the second the number as against eight and nine, joint of palp is wider, and it is also rather than the third instead of shorter than or to it. In the first maxillae there longer equal ap-

to be one on the narrow of the inner the second of pears only seta tip flask-shaped plate; joint the is much widened than in the other and has several palp more distally species, more setae,

it in four inserted on the toothed though agrees having spines apex.

First Gnathopods. The side-plates, though narrow at the base, are greatly widened distally, and much exceed in size the the bases of the second antennae. any of following pairs; they cover

little The limbs are much the same as in Haploops tubicola, except that the hand is a wi- dened instead of narrowed distally, thus forming a more decided palm, which the shorter finger

does not overlap. oval Second Gnathopods. The hand is a more elongate tham in the species compared. Both pairs of gnathopods have as usual the hand and wrist armed with a crowd of finely serrate spines and setae and the fingers have several setules on the inner margin.

The peraeopods differ but slightly from those of Haploops tubicola. In the first pair the

broader than those of the second side plates are rather shorter and gnathopods, and the fourth and

setae as in the fifth joints are armed with long plumose following pair, whereas in Haploops tubicola much furnished these joints in the first peraeopods are more scantily than in the second.

In the the has the of fifth peraeopods large second joint an emargination in upper border the outer small oval the surface, in which is set a piece apparently connecting joint with the side- plate.

The first have the little than the slender smooth curved outer uropods peduncle very longer branch; the inner branch is similar to the outer, but only two-thirds of its length. The second

have the as of the the branches pair peduncle straight, nearly as long that first pair, subequal,

the the with nine considerably shorter than peduncle, outer a row of small spines on one mar-

the branch four The third have the gin and two on the other, inner carrying spines. pair pe-

duncles shorter than the branches, of which the outer is as long as those of the second pair, and with setiform the inner and shorter branch fringed on part of both margins plumose spines; carries two short stout spines on the surface, and a bunch of plumose setiform spines on the blunt apex.

The telson is scarcely longer than its greatest breadth, cleft for fully two thirds of the length, each of the lateral show minute the broadly rounded apices carrying a spine; margins one or two setules.

the Hansen mm. in None of in the records a specimen just over 19 length. specimens present collection seem to exceed seven-tenths of an inch.

Loc. Lat. 71° 4'N. Long. 64°35'E. 31 I 1883. 55 Fath. (Varna).

Lat. 74° 32' N. Long. 35° 50'E. 29 VI 1880. 147 Fath.

Lat. 70° 30' N. Long. 49° 41' E. 29 Juli 1881. 54 Fath.

Lat. 75° 49' N. Long. 53° 47' E. 18 Aug. 1881. 68 Fath.

Lat. 69° 48' N. Long. 54° 43'E. 20 VII 1883. 57 Fath.

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Lat. 69° 42' 53" N. Long. 56° 51' 30" E. 16 VII 1883. 24 Eath.

Lat. 74° 31' N. B., Long. 49° 8' 6" E. 1884. 100 Eath.

GENUS STEGOCEPHALUS, Kröyer, 1842.

Tidsskr. 1842. S teg ocephalus, Kroyer, Naturhist. R. 1. Bd. 4. p. 150.

1888. etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 728,

Crustacea of 197. 1891. » Sars, Norway, vol. 1. pt. 9. p.

to this the Sars assigns two species genus, type species Stegocephalus inflatus, Kroyer,

of he as and his own Stegocephalus similis. The Cancer ampulla Phipps regards equi- valent to to Stegocephalus Kessleri, Stuxberg, and as most probably belonging a new ge- nus Aspidopleurus.

Stegocephalus inflatus, Kröyer.

1842. Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. 1. Bd. 4. 150. Stegocephalus inflatus, Kroyer, p.

1888. ;» » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 728, pi. 137 A,

1891. Crustacea of vol. 1. 9. 198. 69. » » Sars, Norway, pt. p. pi. Loc. Lat. 74° 30' N. Long. 26° 3' B. 22 VI 1880. 180 Path. Lat. 740° 32' N. Long. 35° 50' E. 29 VI 1880. 147 Fath.

Lat. 74° 75 N. Long. 34° 6' E. 30 VI 1880. 175 Path.

Lat. 70° 30'50" N. Long. 45° 29'51" E. 1882. 55 Path.

Lat. 73° 57' 30" N. Long. 51° 26' 3" E. 1882. 135 Path.

Lat. 71° 9' N. Long. 63° 36' E. 23 VI 1883. 85 Path. (Varna).

Lat. 71° 4'N. Long. 64° 5' E. 14 II 1883. 55 Path. (Varna).

Lat. 69° 32'56" N. Long. 59° 9'7" E. 1883. 15 Path.

Lat. 69° 48' 80" N. Long. 54° 43' 28" E. 1883. 59 Path.

12' Lat. 70° 22" N. Long 56° 38' 35" E. 1883. 63 Fath.

Lat. 75° 49' N. Long. 53°43'E. 18 VIII 1881. 68 Path.

Lat 72° 34' N. Long. 48° 6' E. 1884. 140 Path,

Lat. 74° 31' N. Long. 49° 86" E. 1884. 100 Fath.

Lat. 75° 42' N. Long. 19° 0' 4" E. 1884. 45 Fath.

GENUS OEDICEROS, Kröyer, 1842.

1842. Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. Bd. 4. 155. Oediceros, Kroyer, 1. p.

1888. » Challenger 837, etc. Stebbing, Arapbipoda 3 p.

Oediceros saginatus, Kröyer.

1842. Oediceros Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. 1. Bd. 4. 156. saginatus, Kroyer, p.

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1713, etc.

Vardo, Busse Sund. 1881.

Oediceros lynceus M. Sars.

Oediceros Porhandl. i 1859. lynceus, M. Sars, Oversigt over norsk-arkt. Krebsdyr. Vidensk.-

Selsk. i Christiania 143. 1858, p.

1888. » >y Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 837, 1713, etc.

Loc. Lat. 69° 55' N. Long. 58 54' E. 16 VII 1882. 43 Fatli. 0 (Varna).

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Oediceros microps, G. O. Sars.

1882. Oedicerus microps, Sars, Oversigt af Norges Crustaceer, Christiania Vidensk. For-

8a. handlinger 1882. N°. 18. p. 95, pi. 4. fig. 8,

Oediceros 599. microps, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 539, Harbour at Hammerfest. 25 Sept. 1881.

GENUS MONOCULODES, Stimpson, 1853.

1853. Marine Invertebrata of Monoculodes, Stimpson, Great Manan, p. 54.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1677, etc.

1889. Nat. Hist. 447. » Norman, Ann. and Mag. p.

Monoculodes Hanseni, n. sp.

Plate 4.

The head has a transverse dorsal near the the lateral are groove base; angles obtuse, very little

the rostrum is with a little acute above which the form produced; long, depressed tip, just eyes a oval tubercle. The is without the faintest prominent peraeon dorsally wide, keel, except trace at the back of the last segment. The first three segments of the pleon have a slight discontinuous

rounded. The first keel, and the postero-lateral angles broadly two segments have numerous ad- pressed surface spines, and the last segment has a submarginal fringe of them.

of the reaches a little In the upper antennae the first joint peduncle beyond the elongate ros-

than the the third is about trum; the second joint is longer and thinner first; a sixth of the

of the the of eleven is half the the but length second; flagellum joints length of peduncle, may

have one or two joints missing.

The lower antennae have the gland-cone short, the third joint not twice as long as its breadth, the fourth shorter than the second in the but the joint just upper antennae considerably thicker, fifth shorter and the joint notably thinner than the fourth; flagellum was missing.

The is the distal at the upper lip broad, margin very slightly concave centre, the corners broadly rounded and furred.

The mandibles have five or six teeth on the cutting edge, and on the left mandible the se-

is like the with one and six small on the mandi- condary plate very principal, large teeth; right ble the secondary plate is of slighter construction. In the spine-row there are eight or nine spines,

very minutely serrate. The molar tubercle is prominent, with a finely denticulate crown and small seta. it there is the base of the of the second Above a narrow process near elongate palp, which joint is long and carved, distally narrowing, equal in length to the first and third joints combined.

There and are many spines along the palp, a group of very long ones at the apex.

The lower mandibular are lip is broad; the processes broadly rounded.

The maxillae with ciliated a short first have a widely oval inner plate, margins, plumose seta at the and smooth one little below it. The has two of the apex, a a outer plate seven spines

and of the others furnished with lateral minutely furcate, some a small tooth; the second joint of the short the palp is wide, with long and spines fringing triangular apex.

The second maxillae have the inner the rather and plate oval, outer longer narrower, concave on the inner both with margin; plates are distally fringed numerous spines.

The and slender maxillipeds have short wide inner plates carrying long spines on the apical

The are and widest the rather margin. outer plates long narrow, near base, closely fringed with slender spines on the inner and apical margins, three descending the outer margin, and those on the the second fourth apex reaching extremity of the long and wide joint of the palp. The joint of the is slender and the third palp curved, as long as joint.

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The first gnathopods have the side-plates distally widened, serrate, and fringed with setae. They

to the lateral of the The is in to the are advanced almost angles head. second joint equal length

and and inner wrist hand combined. Tt has numerous long spines and setae on both margins the surface. The fourth has a and on the hind and inner joint produced apex, many spines margin

The wrist is the with broad and less surface. about as long as hand, a strongly spined process

hand widens than half the length of the hand. The considerably with a smooth slightly concave

hind margin to the commencement of the long convex palm, which is closely fringed with short

and defined there are the surface and the spines by a longer one; numerous spines on near con-

front of the hand. The fits the its it. vex margin finger closely palm, tip just overlapping

Tie second gnathopods have almost quadrangular side-plates with the lower and part of the hind

serrate The marsupial are margin and fringed. plates narrow, longer than the second joint of the

with setae. The second is limb, fringed very long joint elongate, fringed with many long spines

of the latter The fourth and setae, some being verticillately plumose. joint is without a produced

the its and is the process; wrist, including long narrow closely spined process, as long as hand.

is much than that in the first which it in The hand longer gnathopods, general resembles ex- cept in being much longer in proportion to its breadth. The finger matches the palm, without overlapping it. The first peraeopods have side-plates differing from the preceding pair by being wider and hav- ing the lower margin sinuous. The second joint is shorter than in the preceding pair of limbs,

with of widened distally, groups very long spines or setae along the hind margin and on the in-

near the lower of the front The fourth ner surface part margin. joint is similarly armed, and

greatly widened distally; the fifth joint is much shorter, not distally widened, similarly armed;

sixth is little widened the the longer than the fifth, curved, a near distal end but narrowest at

the two with a dozen of on the convex front and six small extremities, rows spines margin groups

hind The is as as the on the concave margin. finger long sixth joint, smooth, curved, with a

nail. There is no visible over the nail, in this or the other limbs; it be acciden- tiny cap may tally wanting.

The second have the side with hind peraeopods plates nearly as broad as deep, gently concave margin, the lower margin quite straight. The limb differs but little from those of the preceding pair, but the sixth joint is not at all widened distally. third The peraeopods have the side-plates considerably wider than the preceding pair, both lobes

serrate and fringed on the lower margin, the front margin curved, though less strongly than the

hinder The second is not half the width of the one. joint side-plate, with spines on both margins

and long feathered setae on the front; the hinder expansion is broadly curved above but almost

from the inner surface setae disappears below; very long plumose project beyond the expansion. the of the with The fourth joint is three-fourths length second, spines along the front and long

The fifth is little more than half the of the plumose setae on the hind margin. joint length fourth;

or six of on each The sixth is with it has five groups spines margin. joint long, scarcely curved,

five six of behind and three or four in front; the it in or groups spines finger equals length. The fourth peraeopods have side-plates equal in width and depth, 'ihe limb differs little from

those of the preceding pair, but the fifth and sixth joints are rather longer.

The fifth peraeopods have the side-plates much wider (or properly speaking longer) than the

The the middle and then depth. second joint widens rather abruptly above narrows to the extrem- its width ity; is two thirds of its both are but not length; margins fringed very strongly.

The fourth joint is rather shorter than the second, while the fifth is much longer; the sixth

be as and the may nearly long as the fifth, but it is broken, finger is wanting in all the specimens.

All the uropods extend back to the same only the outer branch in nearly point, the third uro-

short of the The than pods falling others. peduncles are longer the rami, those of the first pair

as far back the reaching nearly as those of the second, and second as those of the third; the rami

the first are and also in the in the iin pair equal, so second; third the outer is the shorter.

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a little narrowed and with The telson is small, longer than broad, apically, the sides near the

and the border itself there are two or three small setules on apex apical slightly insinuate; very each side not far from the apical border.

The length is seventeen-twentieths of an inch.

drawn The figure of the animal was from a different specimen from that of which the parts

are figured.

out of to Herr H. J. Hansen The name of the species is given respect of Copenhagen, whose

works Crustacea are well known. upon the sessile-eyed

stands close to Monoculodes is The present species very longirostris, Goes, but it very

the of 21 to the of the rostrum is more much larger, in proportion 12; apex depressed, the se-

of the antennae is than the first instead of shorter than cond joint upper longer or equal to it,

and the sides of the telson are insinuate instead of straight. The differences in the mouth-organs

but Monoculodes has no on the outer of the are very slight, longirostris spines margin

outer plates of the maxillipeds. The gnathopods of the latter species are also less widened at the

palms, while in the first and second peraeopods the sixth joint is more widened distally than in the and the of the third less wide and have new species, side-plates peraeopods are the front

margin straighter.

From the obscure Monoculodes Kroyeri of Boeck the present species is distinguished by

the longer rostrum, by the fourth joint of the lower antennae being longer than the fifth, by the

insinuate and other while it with that more in and telson, particulars, agrees species nearly length

in the traces of a keel on the segments of the pleon.

When all differences have been taken into it must still that the three account, appear species,

and are related. longirostris, Kroyeri, Hanseni, very nearly

Loc. Lat. 71° 32'IN. Long. 64° 37'E. 24 III 1880. 55 Path. (Varna).

GENUS ACANTHOSTEPHEIA, Boeck, 1870.

et 83. 1870. Acanthostepheia, Boeck., Crust, amph. bor. arct., p.

etc. 1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1667,

to Boeck's definition the hinder are acuminate. This According side-plates very applies to the

but must be withdrawn from the character as to type species, generic being inapplicable a spe- distinct in cies closely related to the type but this particular.

Acanthostepheia Malmgreni (Goës).

1866. Malmgreni, Goes, Crust, amph. maris 10. Amphithonotus Spetsbergiam alluentis, p. fig. 17.

Crust, et 83. 1870. Acanthostepheia Malmgreni, Boeck, amph. bor. arct., p. (163).

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 600,859, 1685, etc.

have the of French with their front ends touch the The eyes shape a bean; they upper keel of the rostrum where it is continued on to the broad part of the head, and they diverge backwards.

Boeck give the length of the species as about 30 mm. Hansen records a specimen from Umanak-

in West Greenland 39 mm. in the collection attain fjord measuring Specimens present a length of from of of an inch and three quarters or 43 mm. tip rostrum to extremity the uropods.

Loc. Lat. 75° 14' N. Long. 44° 26'E. 23 VII 1880. 130 Fath

Lat. 73° 28' N. Long. 23° E. 1 VII 1880. 160 Fath

N. VII 1881. Lat. 70° 49' 7" Long. 50° 47'3" o. c. 26 62 Fath

Lat. 71° 15' N. Long. 63° 36' E. 25 VI 1883. 94 Fath. (Varna).

Lat. 71° 15' N. Long. 64° 3' E. 13 II 1883. 54 Fath. (Varna).

Lat. 71° 3'N. Long. 64° 37' E. 24 III 1883. 55 Fath. (Varna).

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Mouth of Dana. 1883.

Lat. 69° 32' 56" N. Long. 59° 9' 7" E. 1883. 15 Fath.

Lat. 69° 42' 55" N. Long. 56° 51' 30" B. 1883. 24 Path.

Lat. 69° 45'12" N. Long. 54° 34'26" E. 1883. 31 Fath.

Lat. 70° 1' 12" N. Long. 55° 53' E. 1883. 72 Fath.

Lat. 70° ] 2' 22" N. Long. 56° 38'35" E. 1883. 68 Fath.

Acanthostepheia pulchra, Miers.

Nat. Hist. Ser. 7. 47. 1881. Acanthostepheia pulchra, Miers, Ann. and Mag. 5, vol. p.

pi. 7, figs. 1, 2.

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 529, 859.

The species is distinguished from Acanthostepheia Malmgreni in several particulars. The

here which in both are are longitudinally for the narrow eyes, species prominent, adjacent except them formed the keel. From the which boundary between by cephalie figure Goes gave of the

it be that the were small and lateral. Both in that and type species, might supposed eyes species

and The of the in both of this they are of good size dorsal in position. joints peduncles pairs those of and the fifth antennae in the present species are less elongate than in the type, joint in the lower antennae is considerably longer than the fourth instead of equal to it. As Miers remarks, the postero-lateral angles of the last two segments of the peraeon and of the first three of the should be added pleon are rounded instead of being acute. It that the lobes of the last three pairs of of the are all whereas in the are all side-plates peraeon rounded, type species they pointed. the In our specimens the dorsal carina forms two lobes on first segment of the peraeon, where the Miers mention This attains of description by makes of only one. species a length an inch and

half. Its resemblance to the be inferred from the circum- a very great type species may partly stance that the two in the collection had been mixed with specimens present up a large number

of Acanthostepheia Malmgreni, obtained from numerous stations, as recorded above.

Barentsia, n. g.

This is genus nearly related to Acanthostepheia in regard to the antennae, mouth-organs,

but is and limbs, distinguished from it by having no produced rostrum, and by having a single ocular prominence. The third joint of the mandibular palp is longer than the second.

the is taken from that "Willem The name of genus of the Barents", the vessel by which the obtained. present collection was his Oedicerinae, that the is insinuate at the Boeck, in describing subfamily says upper lip apex. all the for of That will certainly not apply to genera; example, CEdiceropsis brevicornis, is the himself that the without incision at The same re- Lilljeborg, Boeck says upper lip apex.

the inner lobes of the lower are not mark applies to Barentsia. Here also lip large, as they of the are stated to be in Boeck's account subfamily.

Barentsia Hoeki, n. sp.

Plate 5.

The front of the head is broad, obtuse-angled, without rostrum, flanked by short acute lateral

frontal is a semicircular collar-like processes. Separated from the margin by a groove prominence the which has numerous but shows no occupied by large single eye, component ocelli, trace of

median division. behind the and from the centre of its any Immediately eye starting concavity a the dorsal keel traverses head. The segments of the peraeon are prominently ridged along both the

the have hind first four indication of a central front and margins; segments scarcely any keel, and sixth have carinate but the fifth each a median tooth, and the postero-lateral angles acute.

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The single specimen of this remarkable species was unfortunately defective, ending with the

sixth peraeon-segment.

are of an inch the first twice as The first antennae three-quarters long, joint long as the se-

cond, the third not twice as long as broad, the flagellum nearly equal in length to the peduncle, three consisting of thirty-six joints. The second antennae are an inch long, the first joints short,

the gland-cone acute, the fourth and fifth joints subequal in length, the flagellum rather longer

of than and most of than the peduncle, consisting more one hundred sixty joints, which are

short and those in the the first very proximal half, except one, considerably broader than long.

There is armature of but there small very little on either pair antennae, are some seta-like spin-

ules and here and there a feathered cilium on the peduncles.

The is towards the curved almost smooth upper lip broad, narrowing scarcely apical border.

The mandibles have a not much divided the strong, cutting edge, secondary plate larger on

the left than on the right mandible, eleven spines in the spine-row of the left mandible, the

number on the the molar tubercle is but not right being perhaps smaller; prominent very stout,

beset with unusually prominent denticles single or double, and carrying a small feathered seta at

the side of one corner. Above it, by a strong process, is planted the long palp in which the third

joint is longer than the second, both of them carrying numerous spines.

The lower is not with the inner lobes the lip very broad, very deep, small, outer ones wide.

The first maxillae have two small setae at the of the very plumose apex broadly oval inner

on the of the plate, seven spines apical margin outer plate, some of these spines carrying one or

two minute lateral denticles; the second of the is narrowed and very joint palp apically fringed with spines, thinly along the outer side and thickly along the distal half of the inner side.

The second maxillae have the plates broad, the outer the longer, less squared apically than the inner, each fringed with numerous spines round the distal half.

The maxillipeds have short inner plates, with scabrous surface, the inner margins without setae,

with slender but without The the apical fringed many spines, seemingly spine-teeth. outer plates reach half the and second of the way along large long joint palp, and are fringed with numerous slender spines, of which there are several on the outer margin, these being more slender and less

than the third closely set those on inner. The joint of the palp is curved; the finger is acute,

with little bead-like points along the inner margin.

First The are widened like all the Gnathopods. side-plates distally; following pairs they are

rather short and have the serrate and The second is edges partially spinulose. joint very little

than the fourth is with near the longer the hand; joint fringed spines prominent apex. The

is set with almost all the hind and the process of the wrist closely spines along margin on rounded

The hand is five-sevenths of the hind the which apex. large, oval, margin being occupied by palm,

defined and with various rows of and is by a stout spine closely fringed spines spinules. The long curved acute finger matches the palm in length, and is beaded along the inner margin.

The vesicles Second Gnathopods. The side-plates are apically narrowed. branchial are large and of first in the broad. The limb differs from that the pair greater length as well of the second

the of the wrist. The second is joint, as of the hand, the finger, and process joint also broader, but the hand a little narrower.

The broader than the The First Peraeopods. side-plates are preceding pair. second joint is con-

second the siderably shorter and narrower than that of the gnathopods; fourth joint is longer

the slender on the hind than either the fifth or sixth; fifth has many spines margin; the sixth

with is longer than the fifth, but much narrower, gently curved, fringed spines on both margins, the much shorter the longer ones being on the convex front border; finger is than the sixth joint, with the inner margin smooth and nearly straight.

broader than the Second Peraeopods. The side-plates are rather preceding pair, not incised

the hind The limb resembles those of the first that the on margin. closely pair, except second joint is crooked instead of straight. The than below Third Peraeopods. side-plates are broader deep, each lobe ending in a back-

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ward directed branchial not The second is about point. The vesicles are round, very large. joint

as long as in the preceding limb, little expanded, and chiefly near the top; the fourth joint is

than the wider, the fifth narrower in the preceding pair, the general structure similar, but finger

more than twice as long.

In the the than the otherwise fourth peraeopods side-plates are narrower preceding pair, similar.

The fifth differ in having the second joint less expanded, the fourth and following joints rather longer. chosen little The specific name is in compliment to Dr. P. P. C. Hoek, who expended no trou-

ble in the preliminary sorting of the specimens of the present collection before it was entrusted

to my care.

Loc. Lat. 71° 32' N. Long. 64° 37' E. 24 III 1883. (Varna).

GENUS ACEROS, Boeck, 1860.

1860. ved det Skand. Naturf. 8de 651. Aceros, Boeck, Forhandl. Mode, p.

1888. » etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1667,

1889. » Nat. Hist. ser. 6. vol. 3. 457. Norman, Ann. and Mag. p.

Boeck's statement in the definition which he to the in that the antennae gave genus 1870, upper have an elongate peduncle, with a short flagellum, must be cancelled, since in the species Aceros.

distinguendus, Hansen, these antennae have a short peduncle, with a flagellum twice as

Boeck also that the first maxillae have the inner neither long. says plate elongate, narrow; but

of these is In the he that this epithets appropriate. describing type-species rightly says plate is

round-oval. He affirms that there are the sides of the but other observers, eyes placed on head,

have not been able to detect The first maxillae have the outer any eyes. seven spines on plate j

the mandibles have a structure very different from what is usual in the family, the cutting edge

of extent and with one indentations the lower being great strength, only or two slight at corner;,

inner is divided least a very small plate (at on one of the mandibles) into six little teeth; the

molar tubercle has some prominent teeth and a plumose seta.

Aceros phyllonyx (M. Sars.).

1859. Leucothoe phyllonyx, M. Sars, Oversigt over de i den norsk-arctiske Region forkom-

mende Forh. i i Aar 148. Krebsdyr. Vid.-Selsk. Christiania. 1858, p.

1870. Aceros Crust, bor. et 92 phyllonyx, Boeck, amph. arct., p. (172).

1888. » » etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 319,

Ann. and Nat. Hist. 6. vol. 3. 457. 1889. » » Norman, Mag. ser. p.

examined the first maxillae had five setae on the of the inner In the specimen apex plate, of

The a was three which only one was conspicuously plumose. specimen, female, quarters of an inch

Boeck in his Latin that the third of the antennae is long. description says joint upper very short; he that is in the subsequent Norwegian account says it about a third of the length of the second

In it is not much less joint. our specimen very short, yet than a third of the second joint.

Loc. Lat. 74° 32' N. Long. 35° 50' E. 29 VI 1880. 147 Path.

Lat. 73° 28' N. Long. 23° E. 1 VII 1880. 160 Fath.

Lat. 72° 41' N. Long. 31° E. 2 VII 1880. 136 Fath.

Lat. 72° 12' N. Long. 31° 50'E. 3 VII 1880. 160 Fath.

Lat. 75° 13' N. Long. 15°46'E. 12 VII 1881. 175 Fath.

Various stations in the Kara Sea; Varna-Expedition 1882—83.

GENUS AMATHILLOPSIS, Heller, 1875.

k. k. 1875. Amathillopsis, Heller, Crust. Pycn. u. Tunicaten der oster.-ungar. Nordpol-

Expedition. Denkschr. math.-naturw. Classe der kaiserl. Akad. der Wis-

Bd. 35. senschaften, p. 31.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 442, 859, etc.

4

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Amathillopsis spinigera, Heller.

k. k. 1875. Amathillopsis spinigera, Heller, Crust. Pycn. u. Tunicaten der ost.-ung.Nord-

11. 3. 4. 1—8. pol-Expedition, p. pi. fig. 17—22. pi. fig.

1888. » » 1687, etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

The third of the is little the second. One joint mandibular palp very shorter than specimen of this handsome the species, not quite fully extended, measures from the rostrum to extremity of the third two inches and three tenths 57 The antennae an inch uropods or mm. upper being and tenths of the is four seven long, the total length specimen inches or 100 mm.

Loc. Lat. 73° 20' N. Long. 57°15'B. 25 VIII1884. 140 Path.

GENUS PLEUSTES, Spence Bate, 1858.

Ann. 3. vol. 1. 362. 1858. Pleustes, Spence Bate, and. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. p.

1888. etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 308, 870,

Pleustes panopla (Kröyer).

Gronlands 270 —273. Tab. 2. 1838. Amphithoe panopla, Kroyer, Amfipoder, p. fig. 9, a—i.

nat. des 3. 41. 1840. Amphitoe panopla, Milne-Edwards, Hist. Crustaces, vol. p.

1846. » » Kroyer, Voyages en Scandinavie, pi. 11. fig. 2, a—x.

1851. » » Liljeborg, Ofvers. af Kgl. Vet. Akad. Porhandl.

1857. Amphithoe panopla, Reinhardt, Rink's Gronland, Bd. 2. Naturh. Tillaeg. 2. N°. 59.

Ann. and Nat. Hist. 3. vol. 1. 1858. Pleustes tuberculata, Spence Bate, Mag. ser. p. 362.

Skand. Gamin, 69. 1859. Paramphithoe panopla, Bruzelius, Amph. p.

1859. Amphithoe panopla? Michael Sars, Overs, norsk-arctiske Krebsdjr, Christiania 1858.

do. do. 1859. » panoploides, Michael-Sars, 1860. Paramphithoe panopla, Boeck, norske Amph., Skand. Nat. 8de Mode i Kjobenhavn.

Pleustes Mus. 62. 1862. tuberculatus, Spence Bate, Brit. Catal. Ampli. Crust, p. pi. 9. fig. 8.

Brit. Mus. 63. 9. 9. 1862. » panoplus, Spence Bate, Catal. Amph. Crust, p. pi. fig.

1866. Crust, maris 7. Paramphithoe panopla, Goes, amph. Spetsbergiam alluentis, p.

Bost. 1867. Amphithonotus cataphractus, Packard, mem. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1. p. 298

(teste S. I. Smith).

bor. et arct. 96 1870. Paramphithoe panopla, Boeck, Crust, amph. p. (176).

zweite Bel. 334— 1874. Pleustes panoplus, Buchholz, Die deutsche Nordpolarfahrt. 2. p.

337. Taf. VI.

1875. Paramphithoe panopla, Lutken, Crustacea of Greenland, Admiralty Manual. N°. 74.

De Skand. Arkt. 1876. Pleustes panoplus, Boeck, og. Amph. p. 302—304, pi. 21. fig. 2.

1882. » » Hoek, »Willem-Barents" Crust., p. 52.

af 1882. » » Sars, Oversigt Norges Crustaceer, p. 25.

1883. » Tromso Mus. for 29. » J. S. Schneider, Aarsberetning 1882, p.

S. I. U. vol. 6. 228. 1883. » » Smith, Proc. S. Nat. Mus. p.

J. i 1884. » » S. Schneider, Crust, Kvaenangsfjorden, Tromso Mus. Aarsb.

VII. p. 97—100.

Den norske XIV. Ia. 1885. » panopla, Sars, Nordhavs-Exped. p. 168.

Crust, Jan 7. 1886. » panoplus, Koelbel, von Mayen, p.

Den XV. 1886. » » Sars, norske Nordhavs-Exped. IT. p. 51.

Groenl. occid. 119. 1887. » » Hansen, Malac. mar. p.

1888. » panopla, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 872, etc.

» Kiikenthal's zur Fauna 155. 1889. panoplus, Yosseler, Beitrage Spitzbergens, p.

In the transactions of the New Zealand Vol. Mr. T. Institute, XI. p. 402, 1879, W. Kirk

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records the capture of "Pleustes panoplus, Kroyer" at Worser Bay, New Zealand, along and their with Podocerus cylindricus, Say, and observes, "These are both arctic species,

remarkable." vol. XVIII of the same occurrence on our coast is somewhat In serial, p. 150,

1886, Messrs. Thomson and Chilton cite the species Pleustes panoplus, but apparently only

of the Zealand on Mr. Kirk's authority. Until a detailed account has been given New specimens, it would be rash to accept the specific identification. Pleustes tuberculata is also doubtfuL

Loc. Lat. 75° 3' N. Long. 35° 50' E. 25 VI 1880. 147 Path. Lat. 75° 18' N. Long. 15°46'E. 12 VII 1881. 175 Path.

Hammerfest Harbour. 25 IX 1881.

GENUS EPIMERIA, Costa, 1851.

dei Crostacei 1851. Epimeria, A. Costa, in Hope's Catalogo Italiani, p. 46.

etc. 1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 877,

Epimeria loricata, Sars.

1872. Epimeria coniger, Whiteaves, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4. vol. 10.

et 450. 1879. » loricata, Sars, Crust, Pycn. nova, p.

1885. 14. 2. » » Sars, Den norske Nordhavs-Exp., p. 166, pi. fig.

1888. 68. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 878, pi. Loc. Lat. 70° 9' N. Long. 35° 36' E. 10 VII 1880. 92 Path.

Lat. 75° 20' N. Long. 46° 40'E. 26 VIII 1880. 150 Fath.

Lat. 75° 13' N. Long. 15°46'E. 12 VII 1881. 175 Path.

GENUS ACANTHOZONE, Boeck, 1870.

1835. Acanthosoma, Owen, Ross's Second Voyage in search of a North-West Passage. Ap-

xci. pendix, p.

1870. Crust, bor. et Acanthozone, Boeck, amph. arct., p. 104 (184).

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 50, 162, etc. In his defining in which he included the two subfamily Epimerinae, genera Epimeria and Boeck states Acanthozone, that the maxillipeds have the inner plates broad and dentate. The dentate would be better since epithet omitted, in some species, if not in all, the inner margins such of these plates are quite smooth, spines as there are being set back on the surface, and

which set with and even the apical margins, are closely spines setae, though not quite smooth,

can scarcely be called dentate.

Acanthozone hystrix (Owen).

1835. Acanthosoma Hystrix, Owen, Ross's Second Voyage in search of a North-west Pas-

B. 4—7. sage, Appendix, p. xci, plate fig.

1838. Gronlands naturvid. Amphithoe Hystrix, Kroyer, Amfipoder, Vid. Sel. og mathem.

Afh. VII Deel. 259 —265. 2. 7. pp. Tab. fig. 1838. » Hystrtix, Kroyer, Conspectus Crust. Groenl., Naturk. Tidssk. B. 2. H. 1.

p. 259. 1840. Amphitoe histrix, Milne-Edwards, Hist. nat. des Crustaces, t. 3. p. 40.

1855. Acanthosoma hystrix, Bell and Westwood, Belcher's Last of the Arctic 406. Voyages, p. 1857. Rink's 2. Amphithoe hystrix, Reinhardt, Gronland, Bd. 2. app. N°. 58.

1859. Paramphithoe hystrix, Bruzelius, Skand. Amph. Gamm., K. Vet. Akad. Handl.

B. 3. 71. N°. 1. p.

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1859. h s t r i Overs, Amphithoe y x, Michael Sars, norsk-arctiske Krebsdyr, Forh. Vid. Selsk.

Christiania 1858, N°. 41.

1860. Acanthosoma hystrix, Boeck, Forh. Skand. Naturf. 8de Mode i Kjobenhavn.

1862. Paramphithoe hystrix, SpenceBate, Brit. Mus. Catal. 1. Amph., Crust., p. 147, pi. 28, fig.

1866. » » Goes, Crust, amph. mar. Spetsbergiam alluentis, p. 9.

1870. Acanthozone Crust, et cuspidata, Boeck, amph. bor. arct., p. 104 (184).

1874. » Buchholz, Die zweite deutsche Bd. hystrix, Nordpolarfahrt. 2. p. 362. Taf. 11. fig. 1 h. (Smaller specimen only).

1875. » cuspidata, Liitken, Crustacea of Greenland, Admiralty Manual,

N°. 87.

1876. » » De Skand. Arkt. 20. Boeck, og Amph. p. 229, pi. fig. 3. 1877. » hystrix, Miers, Spitzbergen Crustacea, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4.

vol. 19. p. 136.

1877. » » Arctic Ann. and 4. Miers, Crustacea, Mag. Nat. Hist. ser.

vol. 20.

1878. » » Nares' to the North 245. Miers, Voyage Sea, App. 7, p.

1882. » cuspidata, Hoek, "Willem-Barents" Crustacea, Nied. Arch, fur Zool.

Bd. 1. 48. Suppl. p.

1882. » G. O. 26. » Sars, Oversigt af Norges Crustaceer, p.

1886. » » Koelbel, Crustaceen von Jan Mayen, Internal Polarforsch.

1882 Bd. —1883, 3. p. 7.

1886. » » Sars, Den norske Crust. II. Nordhavs-Exped., p. 54.

Hansen and 1887. » » Holm, Dijmphna-Togtet Krebsdyr, pp. 223,495.

1887. » » Hansen, Malac. mar. Groenl. occid. Vid. Meddel. Naturh.

i Foren. Kjobh. p. 128.

1888. » hystrix, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 50, 318, 466, etc.

In 1877 Mr. E. J. Miers pointed ont that the Oniscus cuspidatus of Lepeohin differs

"in from the present species having vertically projecting spines upon only the first four segments

Owen's there are ten of these vertical of the pereion". In species spines, very conspicuous, in the

median line successive without on as many segments, counting the large quasi-rostral and almost

the the horizontal front spine of first peraeon-segment or comparatively small spine of the fourth

pleon-segment. Miers further observed that Owen's species was distinguished from the species

both figured by Buchholz as Acanthozone hystrix in regard to the rostral spine and to the

first joint of the fourth and fifth peraeopods. Hoek and Koelbel attribute the differences to in-

the of Buchholz. But we have to consider that the of which Buchholz accuracy on part specimen

was nine-tenths of an inch in and that the differences do not so gives an elaborate figure length

much consist in omission of details, which might be due to oversight, as in additions which could

unintentional or the result of ocular delusion. It is conceivable scarcely have been any scarcely

rostrum Buchholz to been transfer even that the well-marked which gives the head could have a

mistake of the on the first of the which is not shown in the by spine joint upper antennae figure of his species. In the true Acanthozone hystrix one of the most notable features is the

front of the first crest-like over the in large spine or process peraeon-segment produced head, place

moderate-sized forwards. of which Buchholz only represents a spine directed obliquely But if in

the better it this respect his species is less striking than known one, in others is more so. The

and so in the fourth and fifth is the side-plates are more elaborately denticulate, third, peraeopods hind margin of the first joint; also, the second pleon-segment has thirteen spines instead of nine,

has instead of five. A in he and the third segment seven smaller specimen, only 8 mm. length,

describes the rostrum weak and the front dorsal of the first as having depressed, spine segment

the first of the antennae armed with slender stronger and directed forward, joint upper a long

the spine, and the animal as in other respects agreeing with account given by Kroyer, Bruzelius,

and so that he them to have had before them. In face of Boeck, supposes only young specimens

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this definite comparison of the two forms, it is not possible to ignore their distinctness, and in

1388 I proposed for Buchholz's species the name Acanthozone Buchholzi. That two species

much in the of very alike in general facies may occur the same region is shown by instance

Stegocephalus ampulla (Phipps) and Stegocephalus inflatus, Kroyer, as also by that of Acanthostepheia Malmgreni (Goes) and Acanthostepheia pulchra, Miers, and be adduced. many other examples might

Boeck the which he describes a of with gives for species length 7 mm., which agrees nearly

the length of the smaller specimen described by Buchholz. The specimens in the present collection, which with Owen's and with the Michael Sars in 1859 and agree figure descriptions given by attain Boeck in 1876, a length of an inch and a quarter, the antennae not included. In descri-

maxillae Boeck bing the first speaks of the inner plate as rather pointed with about ten setae on

the inner In its natural it has a with the setae margin. position quadrangular appearance on the

border. The eleven of the outer distal spines plate are tolerably strong, with only one or two

The is with ten slender lateral teeth a piece. palp long spines on the apex.

of It is no doubt by an accidental slip that Boeck speaks of the inner plate the maxillipeds reaching to the end of the palp's second joint. His figure shows that the short first joint is in-

tended. These inner plates are remarkably broad, carrying on the apical margin four spine-teeth

and a close-set row of seventeen feathered setae. Doubtless the number of the latter will with vary

the size of the specimen. The outer plates have a few slender spines set at some distance from

the smooth inner margin. The apical margin, which is as it were separated from the inner by a

blunt carries a series of curved over into the whole tooth, long spines passing setae, group num-

sixteen Boeck does mention the lower like the bering or seventeen. not lip. This, other mouth-

lobes are with some rather organs, is broad. The outer set widely apart, conspicuous spinules on

the lobes distinct the inner inner part of the apical margin. The inner are at apices, but have

not the usual oval form, their outer margins being coalesced with the surface of the others. The

mandibular have ends. processes squared

The of the and also that of the telson is emargination upper lip extremely slight.

Lat. 78° 5'N. Long. 52° 14' E. 6 VIII. 1881. 36 Fath.

Lat. 77° 28' N. Long. 55° 18'9" E. 27 VIII 1881. 150 Fath.

30" Lat. 78° 57' N. Long. 51° 26' 3" E. 7 VIII 1882. 135 Fath.

Lat. 69° 48' 30" N. Long. 54° 43' 28" E. 20 VII 1883. 57 Fath.

Lat. 70° 12'22" N. Long. 56° 38'35" E. 11 VIII 1883. 68 Fath.

Lat. 70° 49' 52" N. Long. 49° 34' 44" E. 6 VII 1883. 65 Fath.

Lat. 74° 31' N. Long. 49°8'6"E. 13 VIII 1884. 100 Fath.

Lat. 75° 42' N. Long. 19°0'4"E. 1 VII 1884. 45 Fath.

Various stations in the Kara Sea; Varna-expedition 1882—82.

ACANTHONOTOZOMA, Boeck, 1876.

1835. Acanthonotus, Owen, Ross's second voyage in search of a North-West Passage, Ap-

90. pendix, p.

1876. Arkt. 237. Acanthonotozoma, Boeck, De Skand. og Amph., p.

1888. 162, etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipodo, p.

Acanthonotozoma serratum (Fabricius).

1780. Oniscus O. Fauna Groenlandica, N°. serratus, Eabricius, 237, p. 262.

1876. Acanthonotozoma de Skand. Arkt. serratum, Boeck, og Amph., p. 240.

1888. » etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 47, Loc. Lat. 73° 28' IS. Long. 23° E. 1 VII 1880. 160 Eath.

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Acanthonotozoma cristatu (Owen). m,

Acanthonotus Ross's second in search of a North-West 1835. cristatus, Owen, voyage

B. —12. Passage, Appendix, p. 90, pi. fig. 8

Acanthonotozoma De Skand. Arkt. 238. 1876. cristatum, Boeck, og Amph., p.

etc. 1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 162, 318,

According to Boeck, 'the head also has a keel, which projects in a long, triangular, pointed of rostrum'. The single specimen in the present collection does not exhibit this keel, the top the

flat. The is the underside. head and of the long rostrum being rostrum strongly keeled on

Loc. Lat. 75° 14' N. Long. 44° 26' E. 23 VII 1880. 130 Path

Acanthonotozoma inflatum (Kröyer).

Plate 6.

Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. 1. Bd. 4. 161. 1842. Acanthonotus inflatus, Kroyer, p.

Gronlands 1857. » » Reinhardt, Fortegnelse over Krebsdyr. N°. 51.

1866. Vertumnus Crust, maris 11. inflatus, Goes, amph. Spetsbergiam alluentis, p. 7, fig. Ofversigt af K. Yet. Akad. Forhandlingar, 1865.

1870. Crust, bor. et 100 » » Boeck, amph. arct., p. (180).

De Skand. Arkt. 1876. Acanthonotozoma inflatum, Boeck, og Amph., p. 242.

Ann. 1880. Acanthonotosoma inflatum, D'Urban, and Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5. vol. 6.

Nat. 1881. Acanthonotozoma inflatum, Miers, Ann. and Mag. Hist. ser. 5. vol. 7.

Hansen and de 1887. Acanthonotosoma inflatum, Holm, Oversigt over paa Dijmphna-

indsamlede 495. Togtet Krebsdyr, pp. 222,

1887. » » Hansen, Malacostraca marina Groenlandiae occidenta-

127. lis, p.

Acanthonotozoma 1888. inflatum, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 200, 529, etc.

There is some whether all the authors mentioned in the above uncertainty synonymy are re- ferring to one and the same species. Kroyer, contrary to his custom, instituted the species with- out He that it is with the rounded any adequate description. merely says 'thick, tumid, back

other almost Acanthonotus and not at all dentate, in respects agreeing with Serra'. He owns that

of of the latter in a large number specimens (Acanthonotozoma serratum)he had not

forms that would link that and wonder found any intermediate together species this. The

have looked for them. some is that he should even Subsequently Goes gave figures of what he

but without supposed to be Kröyer's species, any accompanying description, and later Boeck gave

but without Miers had a a detailed description, any figures. specimen from Franz-Josef-Land, in

which he observed that the front margin of the fourth pair of side-plates was regularly rounded, not somewhat angulated as in the figure drawn by Goes, while the carina on the first three

of the but much indicated segments pleon was distinct, not elevated, as by Goes, but not at all suitably described by the word altissima in Boeck's Latin description. Hansen found his specimens

from the Kara Sea in good agreement with the figure published by Goes, but differing in two points from Boeck's description, namely, in much superior size, and in having the lower hinder angles of the first two pleon-segments acute instead of rounded.

It is obvious that under the scanty description given by Kroyer two or three closely approxi- mate be The evidence does not seem species might included. existing sufficient, however, for sepa-

the The in Goes' valuable to certain rating recorded specimens. figures work, though up a point,

to for minute distinctions which can scarcely be appealed establishing have only recently been

of. His of the animal it with which thought figure represents a jointed rostrum, may safely be

of the each of the inner rejected. The figure maxillipeds represents plates drawn ont into a horn-

at outer a which is due to erroneous like process the apex, monstrosity probably an reproduction

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the shown in the definite the of spines or setae original drawing. Compared with these errors, faintly discernible difference between a regular curve and the somewhat angulated one in the side-

mentioned Miers The be the lower hinder plates by seems unimportant. same may said of angles of the expanded second joints in the two last pairs of peraeopods, which in Goes' figure are more rounded as to this be mentioned that Boeck describes off than in our specimen. But it must these corners Boeck's of the as rounded off, just as Goes figures them. To Latin description spe- cies it is probable that some accident has happened, for he begins it by saying, 'Dorsum cari-

vernacular he that is with round natum', though in the account says 'the body very thick, tumid,

the at first back', and does not mention carina all, even the slight one that does exist on the

Latin on three segments of the pleon. Also in the he describes the third pleon segment as being the hind margin 'parum insinuatum', which is difficult to reconcile with the Norwegian descrip-

the third tion that, 'the hinder margin on pleon-segment has two deep emarginations, whereby there are formed two backward-directed spines'.

The single specimen of the species in the present collection must now be described.

The to the of the first of the the lateral rostrum is prolonged fully apex joint upper antennae;

of the head blunt lobes. The is smooth angles are produced in peraeon dorsally broad, rounded,

for the minute of its first four except prickles spread over many parts the integument, segments having the postero-lateral angles rounded, the last three having these angles acute. The first three

the first segments of the pleon have a slight median dorsal keel; the corners are squared in

with hind serrate some the of the second segment, the margin way up; postero-lateral angles

little the segment are tolerably acute, a outdrawn and serrate; those of the third have produced

rather both this and the lateral tooth the fourth point blunt, upper being finely serrate; segment

has and fifth the into a saddle-shaped depression is scarcely keeled; the is short, sixth produced

either of an acute point on side the telson.

The rounded on the lobes of the and are black in the eyes are oval, placed projecting head, specimen long preserved in spirit.

The first antennae have the third joint nearly half the length of the first, the second interme- diate in length between the other two, the flagellum consisting of twenty-three joints and scarcely as long as the peduncle. There is a microscopic rudiment of the secondary flagellum.

The second antennae are rather shorter than the first, with the first three joints of the peduncle short, the other two each about equal to the second joint in the first pair. The flagellum of fifteen is joints much shorter than the peduncle.

The is upper lip elongate, unsymmetrically bilobed, smooth.

mandibles form an of The elongate triangle, with no trace molar tubercle. The cutting edge

is divided into six or seven unequal teeth; the secondary plate is denticulate, feebler on the right

and on the latter one or two of which none than on the left mandible, accompanied by spines,

mandible. The is rather in advance of the could be perceived on the right long palp implanted

the the third is shorter than the centre of the trunk, low down on outer surface; joint second,

curved, and fringed with numerous short spines.

The lower is with well furred lip elongate, the outer lobes rather narrow, apically. Boeck

observes that this is without trace of inner lobes. It should rather be said that lip any perhaps

the lobes the outer The inner are apically coalescent with the surface of ones. mandibular pro-

cesses are long and prominent.

The first the inner maxillae have the inner plate long, triangular, fringed on margin with

twenty-four plumose setae; the outer plate has eleven spines, most of which are strongly denti-

culate, while the be the has an first outermost appears to quite smooth; palp musually long the joint, and second tipped with several slender spines.

second maxillae to the inner which is with The have an extremely oblique apex plate, fringed

feathered a row of thirty-two or serrate setae of considerable size, accompanied by another series of

the outer less magnitude; plate overtops the inner, but has a less oblique apex, fringed in a similar

that the furniture is rather manner, except more spine-like.

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setae The maxillipeds have the inner plates elongate, with numerous plumose on the protuberant each inner margins, and several accompanying the three spine-teeth on apical borderthe outer

have some distance plates the inner margins quite smooth, but on the surface at from the edge

border there are planted several couples of strapshaped spines, while on the apical is a crowded the fringe of longer spines, some twenty in number, the outermost taking shape of feathered

setae. The second joint of the palp is rather shorter than the first, and the third than the second. The first gnathopods have the side-plates apically serrate and pointed but not acutely. The

second carries smooth the fourth is the fifth is joint many long setae; apically acute; narrow,

the but the and smooth, shorter than second, longer than sixth, which is also very narrow

and almost but for the extre- elongate, slightly tapering, unarmed, two setules and a seta at

the of the hand leaves no but is the base of the short and mity; apex palm, occupied by pe-

culiar finger. The finger is only slightly curved; along its inner margin there are nine or ten setae

microscopically serrate, and one or two with some setules on the opposite margin; the inner border

itself is cut into eleven backward directed teeth, the series ending in a stout curved nail; over

this nail and projecting much beyond it is a flexible tapering setuliferous appendage with finely pectinate edge, the object of which must be supposed to be, not protective, but sensitive, since

it is of far more delicate structure than the nail which it covers.

Second Gnathopods. The side-plates are longer than the preceding pair and more regularly

serrate of triangular; the sides are below. The branchial vesicles are as long as the second joint

the and not much broader. The the whole limb and limb, very marsupial plates are as long as

branchial the twice the width of the vesicles; fringing setae are numerous. The fourth joint has

with numerous serrate the fifth is much shorter than the an oblique apex, fringed spines; joint than the second, and at the same time longer sixth; it is stouter but shorter than the corresponding

with crowd the first and armed the hind and a of serrate joint in gnathopods, along margin apex

the hand is but has also of the front it spines; similarly armed, groups spines near margin;

to a narrow which is without and is the short and tapers apex, palm, occupied by stout finger,

which ends in a stalwart uncapped nail, and has on the inner margin some setules and nine

forward directed teeth.

First Peraeopocls. The side-plates, branchial vesicles and marsupial plates are nearly as in the

preceding pair, but the side-plates are a little longer. The second joint does not reach beyond the

of the the fourth is shown in Goes' is the apex side-plate; joint (as correctly figure) as long as

than the fifth downwards at front armed few set- sixth, longer produced the apex, only with a

ules; the two following joints have short spines along the hind margin; the finger is curved, much shorter than the sixth joint.

The broad and so as to Second Peraeopods. deep side-plates are deeply incised above, form

tooth or connected much less a prominent process behind, by a shallow curve with the advanced, almost lower the lower but acute, angle; margin forms a distinct angle with the front one, the

itself is rounded off. The limb at that in the angle completely scarcely differs, if all, from pre- ceding pair.

Third Peraeopods. The side-plates are broad, with the hind lobe strongly produced down- wards. The marsupial plates are much smaller than the front pairs. The second joint of the limb is not deeper than the side-plate and much less broad; the hinder expansion is squarely produced at the back of the short third are similar to those two joint; the remaining joints of the pre- ceding pairs, but larger.

Fourth Peraeopods. The side-plates have the front lobe less developed than in the preceding pair, the hind rather of lobe produced downwards more squarely, the joints the limb similar but larger. The fifth peraeopods have the side-plates almost simple-lobed, the second joint rather larger than in the preceding pair, the third and fourth similar to the corresponding joints in that pair; the others were missing from the specimen.

The first have slender the inner the which uropods elongate rami, ramus a little shorter than outer equals the peduncle in length; there are numerous spines along the edges. The second pair have

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the is shorter than the lan- the peduncle unarmed, shorter than outer ramus, which considerably ceolate inner this latter in to that of the first The third are one, being equal length pair. pair the of the and shorter than the second, and do not reach so far back, but proportions peduncle rami to one another are similar.

the The telson is about once and a half as long as its breadth, triangular emargination opening

and extending for a quarter of the depth. widely,' xj X

Coiled the measured less than four-tenths of an extended it measured up, specimen inch,

without the antennae seven tenths of an inch or 17.5 mm.

Goes the length of his as 5"'. Boeck the of his as 6V mm. Kroyer gives specimen length a

as Hansen 13.4 draws a line which, states, represents a length of mm., and Hansen's own largest

18.5 specimen measured mm. Loc. Lat. 70° 48' N. Long. 38° E. 12 VII 1880. 115 Fath.

GENUS ATYLUS, Leach, 1815.

The vol. 11. 21. 1815. Atylus, Leach, Zoological Miscellany, p.

1888. » etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 89, 907,

Atylus Smitti (Goës).

8. 1866. Paramphithoe Smitti, Goes, Crust, amph. maris Spetsbergiam alluentis, p. fig. 14.

1870. bor. et arct. 110 Atylus Smijtti, Boeck, Crust, amph. p. (190).

Bd. 361. 1874. » Smittii, Buchholz, Die zweite deutsche Nordpolarfahrt, 2. p.

1875. » Smitti, Liitken, Crustacea of Greenland, Admiralty Manual, N°. 78.

1876. » De Skand. 326. » Boeck, og Arkt. Amph. p.

" 1882. » Barents" 53. » Hoek, Willem Crustaceen, p.

1882. » » 26. Sars, Oversigt af Norges Crustaceer, p.

1886. » » Den norske II. Sars, Nordhavs-Exped. Crust. p. 54.

1887. » Smittii, 223. Hansen, Dijmphna Togtet Krebsdyr, p.

1887. » » Malac. Groenl. occid. Hansen, mar. p. 129.

1888. » etc. Smitti, Stebbing, Challenger pp. 356, - Amphipoda, ' XX -XX

The is latin account he species on the whole well described by Boeck, although in his says

that are the at the the eyes elliptical, and that the telson is twice as long as breadth base,

he states that the round and that the is not while in the vernacular eyes are telson twice as long

These statements be true if to different individuals. The as broad. opposing may applied species certainly shows some variability. The rostrum sometimes extends not almost but quite to the end of the first of the and the third which as Goes ob- joint upper antennae, uropods sometimes,

much them serves reach the two in some instances extend beyond only , beyond preceding pairs,

Boeck that the but very slightly. says lower hinder angle of the third pleon segment is rounded, it rather to be appears a right angle or some times a slightly obtuse one.

Loc. Lat. 71° 6'N. Long. 68° 16'E. 3 VII 1883. 70 Path. (Varna). Lat. 70° 12'22" N. Long. 56° 38'35"E. 11 VIII 1883. 68 Path. Fath. Lat. 74° 31 N. Long. 49° 8'6" E. 1884. 100 Lat. 76° 59' N. Long. 18° 21' E. 1884. 60 Path.

GENUS CALLIOPIUS, Lilljeborg, 1865.

1856. Calliope, Sp. Bate, Brit-Assoc. Report, meeting 1855.

1865. Calliopius, Lilljeborg, on the Ljsianassa magellanica, p. 19.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1669.

5

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Calliopius laeviusculus, (Kröyer).

1838. laeviuscula, Gronlands 281. 3. 13. Amphithoe Kroyer, Arniipoder, p. pi. fig.

1870. Calliopius laeviusculus, Boeck, Crust, amph. bor. et arct. p. 117 (197).

rather with reniform often sometines were Many specimens transversely eyes, very large, small,

taken the along with numerous specimens of next form.

Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881.

Calliopius grandoculis (Sp. Bate).

1862. Bate, Brit. Mus. Catal. Crust, 4. Calliope grandoculis, Sp. Amph. p. 149, pi. 28, fig.

be make this name a It may proper to synonym of Calliopius laeviusculus (Kroyer), but is it a curious circumstance that in northern the a of specimens great eyes covering large portion head often the and reaching to the hind margin of it are so frequently found, while in specimens from the southern shores of the are and then their England eyes very large only exceptionally shape is transversely reniform in stead of longitudinally.

Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881.

GENUS AMPHITHOPSIS, Boeck, 1860.

1860. Forhandl. ved. de Skand. Naturf. 8de 661. Amphithopsis, Boeck, Mode, p.

Crust, bor. et 1870. » Boeck, amph. arct., p. 118 (198).

De Skand. Arkt. 349. 1876. » Boeck, og Amph., p.

138. 1887. » Hansen, Malacostraca marina Groenlandiae occidentalis, p.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 324, 924, etc.

that should be as a of My opinion Amphithopsis regarded synonym Pherusa, Leach, must now be withdrawn, since I am persuaded that Leach's Pherusa fucicola is identical with the species subsequently called Gammarella brevicaudata by Milne-Edwards. Boeck's definition of Amphithopsis does not suit all the species included under it. His statement, that the body

not He that is not carinate does suit Amphithopsis latipes. says the feathered setae on

maxillae but the inner plate of the first are few; in Amphithopsis longimana they are

in in the numerous, Amphithopsis glacialis they are nine number. According to definition

the maxillipeds have the inner margin of the outer plate armed with slender spines, but A m- phithopsis longimana has the whole inner border armed with close set short teeth. Am- phithopsis glacialis, differs from the generic character, as Hansen points out, in having the first

than the it be in the hand of antennae not longer but shorter second, and, may added, having

the second gnathopods not stronger than that of the first. Nevertheless the agreement of this

it does species with Boeck's type, Amphithopsis longicaudata, is so great that not seem

desirable to place it in a separate genus.

Amphithopsis glacialis, Hansen.

1887. Amphithopsis glacialis, Hansen, Malac. mar. Groenl. occid. p. 137, pi. 5. fig. 6—6c.

The is in accordance with Hansen's In the species evidently very fragile, experience. present these collection only one specimen had the flagella of the antennae and even were broken, and

only one (but a different) specimen had the third uropods. In the first antennae there were twenty- four joints to the fiagellum, in the second thirty-three.

The has the furred with cilia. The mandibles have five or six upper lip convex margin long

teeth on the two on the of six serrate cutting plate, secondary plate, a spine-row spines, strong

molar tubercle, and the third joint of the palp blunt-ended, equal in length to the second joint.

The outer lobes of the lower lip are strongly furred. The first maxillae have a sharply pointed

to the inner the inner which or feathered the apex plate, margin of carries eight nine setae;

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of in denticulate spines the outer plate are slender, unequal, seven number on one maxilla and

eight on the other; the second joint of the palp is distally dilated and carries some slender spines

and setae. The have the inner with the three spine-like maxillipeds plates distally very broad,

teeth wide the outer do not reach the of the second apical apart; plates nearly apex large joint

and have inner but the of of the palp, spine-like setae on the margin no teeth; fourth joint the

palp has a minute spine-like nail on the blunt tip.

limbs have been described Hansen. It be mentioned first two The by may that in the peraeo-

pods the sixth joint is shorter than the fourth. The finger in the peraeopods is short and broad,

with an acute curved tip.

Loc. Matotschkin Schar. Nova-Zembla. Aug. 1883.

GENUS DEXAMINE, Leach, 1814.

vol. Art. 1814. Dexamine, Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopaedia, 7. p. 433. Crustaceology.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 945, etc.

Dexamine thea, Boeck.

1880. Dexamine ved de thea, Boeck, Forh. Skand. Naturf. 8de Mode, p. 658.

1888. 1697 etc. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda p.

Loc. the 23 Hammerfest, in harbour and on shore. Sept. 1881.

GENUS RHACHOTROPIS, S. I. Smith, 1883.

et 78 1870. Tritropis, Boeck, Crust, amph. bor. arct., p. (158).

1883. S. I. U. Rhachotropis, Smith, Proc. S. Nat. Mus., pp. 222, 229

1888. » etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 954,

Rhachetropis aculeatus (Lepechin).

1780. Oniscus Acta aculeatus, Lepechin, Petrop., p. 247, pi. 8. fig. 1.

1883. Rhachotropis aculeata, S. I. Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 229. pp. 222,

etc. 1888. Rhachotropis aculeatus, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 48, 954,

measured inch and three fifths 40 Some of the specimens an or mm. from the tip of the rostrum to the extremity of the uropods.

Loc. Lat. 75° 13' N. Long. 15° 46' E. 12 VII 1881. 175 Path.

Lat. 70° 49' 7" N. Long. 50° 47' 3" E. 26 VII 1881. 62 »

Lat. 70° 30' N. Long. 49° 41'E. 29 VII 1881. 54 »

Lat. 73° 5' N. Long. 52° 14' E. 6 VIII 1881. 36 »

Lat. 72° 36' N. Long. 21° 57' E. 28 VI 1881. 140 »

55 Lat. 70° 24'50" N. Long. 45° 29'51" E. 6 VII 1882. »

43 Lat. 69°55'N. Long. 58° 54'E. 16 VIII 1882. »

VI 1883. 65 Lat. 70° 49'52" N. Long. 49° 34'44" E. 6 »

Lat. 69° 45'12" N. 54° 34'26" 18 VII 1883. 31 Long. E. »

30" 20 VII Lat. 69° 48' N. Long. 54° 43' 28" E. 1883. 57 »

Lat. 51'33" N. 57° 23' 48" E. 31 VII 1883. 69° Long. 25 »

Lat. 69° 32'56" 59° 6 VIII N. Long. 9' 7" E. 1883. 15 »

Rhachotropis Helleri (Boeck).

bor. et 1870. Tritropis Helleri, Boeck, Crust, amph. arct. p. 79 (159)

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1874. Amphithonotus aculeatus, Buchholz (pars), Die zweite deutsche Nordpolarfahrt, Bd.

2. p. 317.

1875. der Crust, et 299. Tritropis Helleri, Metzger, Nordseefahrt Pommerania, Mollusca, p,

1876. » » de Skand. Arkt. 20. 6. Boeck, og Amph., p. 513, pi. fig.

Ser. vol 1880. » » W. S. M. D'Urban, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 5. 6.

Crustaceen der des 1882. » » Hoek, Die gesammelt wahrend Fahrten "Willem

Barents" in den Jahren 1879. 58. 1878 u. p.

1887. » » Overs, over de Hansen, paa Dijmphna-Togtet inds. Krebsdyr, p. 224.

In the Bibliography of the Amphipoda (1888) I accepted the statement of Buchholz that this

founded the of Now I able species was on young Rhachotropis aculeatus, that have been to have convinced that this a compare specimens, I myself is complete mistake. Though Rha-

Helleri the of an it is smaller chotropis attains length nearly inch, a much species than

but there the smallest for that it aculeatus, is not reason supposing is only a juvenile form.

On the contrary, in the specimen which I have examined the marsupial plates are of great size, fringed with long setae. Moreover the antennae are fringed with calceoli, not only on the flagella, but on the last two joints of the peduncle in both pairs.

The differences which Helleri from aculeatus are and well marked. It has separate many a little rostrum instead of a the third of the first instead very very large one; joint antennae, of the being short, is elongate, more than half length of the second, and has a row of twenty

the second calceoli, the row on joint numbering twenty-eight.

The second joint in the last three pairs of peraeopods, instead of being strongly emarginate

behind and at the lower has the serrate hind curved sharply pointed angle, margin in an ordi-

Besides marks of discrimination there various others which nary manner. these are can be traced

in Boeck's It be noted that Boeek in his latin account that Rhachotro- descriptions. may says pis Helleri has the segments of the pleon centrally devoid of teeth. In the vernacular account he correctly states that on the first four segments of the pleon the keel projects on the middle of

in backward-directed Of the telson Boeck that the the hind margin a tooth. says apices are rounded. In our specimen they are tolerably acute.

Loc. Various stations in the Kara-Sea. Varna. Expedition. 1882/83.

ROZINANTE, n. g.

This with in the antennae shorter than the genus agrees Rhachotropis having upper lower, the of the small and the first forwards the infero-anterior side-plates peraeon pair produced at

in the and and also in the front of the angle, having peraeopods very long slender, having part

pleon triply carinate. It is distinguished from Rhachotropis by having no cephalic rostrum and a short in the antennae the second of the is sometimes very telson; upper joint peduncle not longer than the third; in the mandibles the third joint of the palp is not sensibly longer

than the second; in the lower lip the outer lobes are more closely approximate, and the mandi-

bular the first maxillae have the four setae in- processes more developed, on inner plate plumose

stead of two, on the outer plate eleven instead of nine furcate or serrate spines, and the second joint of the palp not distally narrowed but widened, and fringed with numerous short spines in

the second in the addition to some slender ones; maxillae are rather more elongate; maxillipeds

the second inner plates are longer and the outer reach further along the joint of the palp, the

of is below the third the finger which attached some way abruptly narrowed apex of the joint;

gnathopods, instead of having "a tolerably large, ovate hand, long finger, and short wrist produ-

ced in the postero-inferior angle," have a narrow hand, short finger, elongate wrist not produced in the postero-inferior angle.

The name of the is taken from that of Don Quixote's famous genus charger.

The type species is Paramphithoe fragilis, Goes.

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Rozinante fragilis (Goës).

maris 1866. Paramphithoe fragilis, Goes. Crust, amph. Spetsbergiam alluentis, p. 8, fig. 16.

1870. Tritropis fragilis, Boeck, Crust, amph. bor. et arct. p. 80 (160).

» zweite deutsche Bd. 2. 320. 1874. » Buchholz, Die Nordpolarfahrt, p. pi.

3. fig. 1.

1875. » » Liitken, Crustacea of Greenland, n°. 80.

1876. De Skand. 515. » » Boeck, og Arkt. Amph. p.

Die 1882. » » Hoek, Crustaceen gesammelt wahrend der Fahrten des "Wil-

Barents" in 59. lem den Jahren 1878 u. 1879. p.

1887 » de Krebs- » Hansen, Oversigt over paa Dijmphna-Togtet indsamlede

dyr, p. 224.

1888. etc. Rhachotropis fragilis, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 356,

In this the Goes it to division placing species in genus Paramphithoe, Bruzelius, assigned a

of that which he as with "At 1 s'Leach — S. Bate". Within this genus regarded synonymous y u division he of the itself form akin Buchholz spoke species as a to Amphithonotus. agreed with Costa's Goes in placing Lepechin's Oniscus aculeatus in genus Amphithonotus,

but that name is as a of the earlier and Dexamine. untenable, having lapsed synonym Atylus Boeck the instituted genus Tritropis for Lepechin's species and included in it also his own new species Tritropis Helleri, and Tritropis fragilis (Goes). Buchholz perceived that

from does this last species was generically distinct the other two, but not seem to have been

that Now I have of exami- aware Tritropis was a preoccupied name. that had the opportunity ning specimens of Goes' species, I have not the least hesitation in withdrawing it from the ge-

it differs in details of well nus Rhachotropis, from which numerous the mouth-organs as as in several of the easily observed superficial characters. As pointed out above, the character of the

is in in defi- gnathopods completely opposition to the account given of those limbs Boeck's own nition of the genus Tritropis.

Goes that the of the states infero-posterior angle third pleon segment is obtuse; Boeck calls it

in it Buchhols of rounded; our specimens is, as says his, nearly a right angle. The telson. ac-

to is slit for a third or fourth of the Buchholz about cording Goes, length, Boeck says a third; a fourth; in our specimens the slit is scarcely a sixth part of the length.

The attains of the head to the extre- species a length of nine-tenths of an inch from the front

of the third clear mity uropods; of these the long lanceolate serrate branches are entirely of the telson, and reach much further back than either of the other pairs. The specific name fragilis is to the character of the delicate and slender and to the very appropriate appendages integument in general.

Loc. Lat. 71° 19'N. Long. 63° 34'E. 19 VI 1883. 66 Fath. (Varna).

GENUS GAMMARUS, J. C. Fabricius, 1775.

1775. Gammarus, Fabricius, Systema Entomologiae, n°. 129. 3 888. » etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1673,

Gammarus locusta (Linn.)

1761. Cancer locusta, Linnaeus, Fauna Svecica, Ed. 2. n°. 2042.

1775. Gammarus locusta, J. C. Fabricius, Systema Bntomologiae, 418. 1.

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Ampliipoda, p. 1701, etc.

1889. » » Hoek, Crust. Neerlandica, Tijdsch. der Ned. Vereen. R. 2. Deel

2. p. 37. pi. 10. fig. 10, 10',' pi. 7. fig. 10".

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Dr. Hoek in 37 to discussed the characters of the work above cited, pp. 52, has elaborately

Gammarus locusta and its varieties.

Loc. Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881

Nova-Zembla. Matotschkin-Schar. 10—12 VIII 1881

Nova-Zembla. Seals-bay, in brackish water. 13 VIII 1881.

Hammerfest, in the harbour and on shore. 23 IX 1881

Vardo. VI 1882.

Nova-Zembla. Matotschkin-Schar. 24 V and 27 VIII 1883.

Lat. 73° 52' N. Long. 36° 14' E. 1S84. 145 Path.

GENUS MELITA. Leach, 1813/14.

1813/14. Melita, Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopaedia, Art. Crustaceology, vol. 7.

1888. 1676. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

Melita dentata (Kröyer).

Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. Bd. 1842. Gammaius dentatus, Kroyer, 1. 4. p. 159.

1862. Bate. Brit. Mus. Catal. Crust, 225, 39. 4. Megamaera dentata, Sp. Amph. p. pi. fig.

Crust, et arct. 131 1870. Melita dentata, Boeck, amph. bor. p. (211).

1710. etc. 1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

Loc. Lat. 70° 24' 50" N. Long. 45° 50' 51" E. 6 VII 1882. 55 Fath

GENUS GAMMARACANTHUS, Sp. Bate, 1862.

Catal. 201 1862. Gammaracanthus, Sp. Bate, Brit. Mus. Amph. Crust., p.

1673 1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. etc.

Gammaracanthus loricatus (Sabine).

Gammarus N°. X of the 7. 1821. loricatus, Sabine, Parry's Voyage, appendix, p. 53, pi. 1. fig.

1862. Gammaracanthus Brit. Mus. Catal. loricatus, Sp. Bate, Amph. Crnst., p. 202, pi.

36, fig. 2.

1888. etc. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1699,

Boeck as which it gives the length of this fine and striking species 40 mm., a measurement

sometimes exceeds.

Loc. Nova-Zembla. Matotschkin Schar. 13 VIII 1881.

GENUS AMATHILLA, Bate and Westwood, 1862.

zur Fauna der Mem. 1837. Amathia, Rathke, Beitrag Krym, Acad. St. Petersbourg, vol. 3. p. 291.

Bate and Hist. Brit. vol. 1. 1862. Amathilla, Westwood, Sessile-eyed Crust., p. 359.

1888. etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1667,

Amathilla homari, (J. C. Fabricius).

1779. Astacus J. C. Reise nach 247. Homari, Fabricius, Norwegen, p.

1780. Oniscus arenarius, O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenlandica, n°. 234.

1798. Gammarus Homari, J. C. Ent. Fabricius, Supplementum Syst. p. 418.

1819. Gammarus to Ross' vol. 2. 178. Sabini, Leach, Appendix Voyage, p.

1862. Amathia Sabinii, Brit. Mus. Catal. 9. Sp. Bate, Amph. Crust., p. 197, pi. 35, fig.

1862. Amathilla Sabini Bate and Hist. Brit. Westwood, Sessile-eyed Crust., p. 361.

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Amathilla etc. 1888. homari, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 33, 1686,

Bruzelius Buchholz have considerable differences between and called attention to the very the

and adults this Bate is young of species. The Grayia imbricata ofSpence probably only

form Amathilla homari. a young of

Vardo, Busse Sund. 1881.

Some specimens of Amathilla angulosa (Rathke) from Vardo, Busse Sund, 1881, and Cap

Sozonowa —- Cap Orloff. 15—18 VI 1883, were named by Dr. Hoek, but only two or three

damaged specimens reached me.

GENUS WEYPRECHTIA, Stuxberg, 1880.

1880. Weyprechtia, Stuxberg, Evertebratfaunan i Sibiriens Ishaf. Bihang till K. Svenska

Vet.-Akad. Handlingar. Bd. 5. n°. 22. p. 27.

the but In instituting genus Stuxberg gives no distinguishing characters, leaves then to be in-

ferred from the of the He that the is description type species. says genus very conspicuous among

its and unlike of the in the same Amathilla. In neighbours, any genera family except point

in the of fact it is almost impossible to separate it from Amathilla without making a change ex-

of that I then define — like isting contents genus. propose to Weyprechtia as Amathilla,

but with the body not carinate, the postero-lateral margins of the third pleon-segment bidentate,

the of the mandibles toothed. With this definition the will cutting edge single genus contain two

species both of them arctic, namely, 1. Kroyer's Gam mar us pinguis, which was with hesi-

tation transferred to Amathia by Spence Bate, and accepted by Boeck and Buchholz as belong-

of which the ing to Amathilla, and 2. Stuxberg's Weyprechtia mirabilis, correct name

is probably Weyprechtia Heuglini (Buchholz). Should Buchholz's Amathilla Heuglini

to be distinct from there would then be three in the prove Weyprechtia mirabilis, species

two. has genus instead of The species described by Buchholz and Stuxberg a very striking feature in the twofold excavation of the fourth of is not found in pair side-plates which Kroyer's spe- cies, but this is not enough alone to constitute generic difference.

Weyprechtia Heuglini (Bachholz).

1874. Amathilla Die zweite Deutsche 2. 345. Heuglini, Buchholz, Nordpolarfahrt, Bd. p.

1888. » 425. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

1880. Evertebratfaunan i Sibiriens 28 Weyprechtia mirabilis, Stuxberg, Ishaf, p.

» 523. 1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p.

at obtained Herr at Buchholz had only a single specimen command, by von Heuglin Spitzber-

resemblance to Amathilla pinguis, which he has him- gen. He noticed its great externally able examine the self described in much detail, and had he been to mouth-organs he would have

I found them in equally close agreement with those of the older species. shall take the liberty of

in the both the authors named Buchholz — translating the descriptions given by synonymy. says:

with thick as in a coat of tumid "The body is rather deep, large, epidermis, though armour, at of the centre, with the back rounded and broad. The eyes are black, moderate size, reniform.

The a little shorter than the almost a third of the upper antennae are lower, equalling body's length; the of moderate size, accessory flagellum four-jointed. much "The anterior side-plates are of moderate size, the fourth broader, produced behind into a horizontal of the the second and third very strong acute spine. The side-plates pleon-segments: at the hinder the first rounded, the third furthermore angle produced into a sharp tooth, on The the hind margin produced into a sharp upward-directed tooth. telson elongate, undivided, at the with a small median incision. The third with the rami apex emarginate very uropods equal, compressed, not longer than the preceding pairs. The colour pale yellow. Total length 36 mm."

— Stuxberg says:

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"Form of the body robust, obese; the cephalocorm rounded, not carinate, of almost the

same width twice as breadth. and depth; the pleon compressed, with the depth great as the

The shorter than the lower: The upper antennae a third part primary flagellum twice

as as the half long the peduncle, of 30—32 joints; accessory flagellum scarcely the length of the lower with twice peduncle, of 6—7 joints. The antennae a flagellum as long as the

of short and its is a little less than peduncle, 50—59 joints. The head has a very rostrum; length its The breath (=4:4.5). The eyes are reniform, shining, black. first to the fourth side-plates are deeper than broad; the first with the lower angle acuminate, the second and third with it

rounded truncate; the fifth and sixth broader than deep, with the lower margin incised. The

hind margin of the fourth side-plate strongly incised above and below, fur-

in the downward- nished middle with a great, strong, sharp, transverse;

curved horn, the lower hinder angle subacute — so that the hind margin

be The and second of the seems to two-horned. first segments pleon with side-plates

acute at the hinder angle; the third bidentate, with the teeth subacute and produced upwards;

the fourth with the transverse saddle-shaped depression not deep. The uropods biramous, the

rami subequal in length, lanceolate, the margins serrate and setiferous. The telson a third longer

than the of the of the broad, last curved a little extending beyond apex peduncle uropods, up-

not wards, cleft, having on the hind margin three shallow emarginations, of which the middle

one is broad, the lateral narrow, carrying a seta a piece.

"The of the crowded round integuments cephalocorm and pleon are shining, with impressed

of the 51 breadth 17.5 11mm. points. Length body mm., greatest mm., greatest depth

of the of the 5 of the 10 Length upper antennae, peduncle mm., primary flagellum mm.,

of the of the lower of the accessory flagellum 3.3 mm. Length antennae, peduncle 7.5 mm.,

of the accessory flagellum 17 mm.

"Habitat between Vankarema and Strait on a in the glacial sea of Siberia Cape Bering sandy

bottom, at a depth of 46 fathoms."

The two and with the in the collection, descriptions quoted agree together specimens present

except that Buchholz speaks of the telson as elongate, and that Stuxberg describes the first pair

of the than in side-plates as having lower angle acuminate, the sixth as broader deep, and speaks

a general manner of the uropods as having the rami subequal. The telson in our specimens is not

intrinsically very elongate, but it is considerably longer than the breadth at the base, and be-

two The tween and three times as long as the apical breadth. first side-plates when seen in posi-

tion have acuminate from the not, or scarcely have, an appearance, yet when separated body

and flattened out show a blunted The sixth to be of breadth they angle. side-plates appear equal and second depth. The rami of the first and third uropods are subequal, but in the pair the

inner ramus is considerably longer and much broader than the outer.

To the earlier the details be added. In the the descriptions following may specimen figured

six the principial flagellum of the first antennae has twenty seven joints, the secondary joints; in

the second antennae the first three of the are all first has a joints peduncle equally short; pro- the and fifth jecting point, not unlike the glandcone of the second; fourth joints are equal in

the length; flagellum consists of rather more than forty joints. The furred upper lip has a broadly and rather unsymmetrically truncate margin. The mandibles and rather have the cutting edge in the shape of a long broad single tooth, these which of organs agreeing in this and most other respects with the account Buchholz gives

the mandibles of Amathilla on the left pinguis. The secondary plate mandible has a row four four of blunt teeth its on the mandible it forms a not a of along edge, right group, row,

and ten the is sharp very unequal teeth. There are spines in spine-row. The molar tubercle strongly

denticulate and is the base carries a plumose seta at one corner. There a strong prominence near

of the palp. The second joint of the palp is dilated distally, the third is as long as or rather

longer than the first and second joints combined.

The lower has the outer lobes the mandibular lip broad, processes well-developed.

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The first maxillae have about thirty plumose setae along the margin of the inner plate, eleven

denticulate spines on the apical border of the outer, and the second joint of the palp distally

widened and fringed with several slender spines and setae.

The second maxillae have an oblique surface row of thirty long plumose setae, and setae and

spines along the inner and apical margins; the outer plate has the inner margin smooth, the

apical fringed with spines.

The maxillipeds have the inner and apical borders of the inner plates crowded with plumose

with the usual three at the the outer do not reach the distal setae, spine-teeth apex; plates nearly

end of the palp's second joint; the apical margin is crowded with plumose setae, passing over

into serrate the which there are also gradually spines along inner margin near to numerous se-

The second of the is little the fourth has tae. joint palp longer than the first or third; joint a

slender acute nail.

The first gnathopods. The fourth has an acute the fifth is joint apex; narrow, considerably

than the hand and like it beset the hind and inner surface longer on margin with numerous slen-

der the hand is and with the small and rounded spines; long narrow, palm, indistinct, off; the finger is not half the length of the hand, but projects much beyond the palm, its outer margin

the inner far the curved nail. The very convex, faintly serrate, nearly straight, as as acute

second gnathopods are very similar to the first, but the fourth joint is rather larger, the wrist

is more widened and the is but little than the is hand larger, being shorter the wrist; palm even in the more indistinct than first The branchial vesicles are broad. pair. very In all the the peraeopods fonrth and following joints, including the fingers, are elongate. The

of the sixth form little lobe in front the side-plates pair a very and a large one behind, depth of this making the side-plate of equal depth and breadth. The specimen measured rather more

than an inch from the rostrum to the dorsal of the third and apex pleon segment, just under

half an inch from that point to the extremity of the third uropods.

Loc. Lat. 69° 32'56" N. Long. 59° 9'7" E. 6 VIII 1883. 15 Eath.

GENUS MICRODEUTOPUS, Costa, 1853.

1853. Rend. Soc. Borbon. Acad. sci. vol. 3. Microdeutopus, Costa, Nap. p. 171. 1888. » etc. Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1082,

Microdeutopus arcticus, Hansen.

de 1887. Microdeutopus arcticus, Hansen, Oversigt over paa Dijmphna-Togtet indsamlede

231. 3. Krebsdyr, p. pi. 22, fig.

A female specimen, with the marsupial plates incompletely developed, measured an inch and

showed no one tenth. A second, incomplete, specimen marsupial plates, but the segment carrying

have to the fifth peraeopods was wanting, and the sex remains indeterminate. The species may be transferred to since the outer of the much smaller than a new genus, plates maxillipeds are is of the usual in species either of Microdeutopus or Autonoe. The mandibles present spe- cies have the third joint of the palp considerably longer than the second. As noticed by Hansen the third outer. It was this uropods have the iuner ramus a little longer than the perhaps cir- cumstance that prevented him from assigning the species to Autonoe, in which according to

Boeck the to be of outer ramus is longer than the inner, but that particular seems little importance. VI Loc. Lat. 69° 45'12" N. Long. 54° 34'26" E. 18 1883. 31 Path.

GENUS AMPHITHOE, Leach, 1814.

1814. Ampithoe, Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopaedia, vol. 7. p. 432. Art. Crustaceology.

1888. Amp hit hoe, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 1688, etc.

6

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Amphithoe rubricata (Montagu).

1808. Cancer Gammarus Linn. Trans, vol. 9. rubricatus, Montagu, p. 99, pi. 5. fig. 1.

1814. rubricata vol. 482. Art. Ampithoe Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopaedia, 7. p. Crustaceology. 1843. Amphithoe podoceroides, Rathke, Fauna Norwegens, Leopold.-Carol. Akad. Bd. 20.

Abth. 79. 1. p. pi. 4. fig. 4.

1846, Naturhist. Tidsskr. R. Bd. 67. Amphithoe albomaculata, Kroyer, 2. 2. p.

1846. » » Kroyer, in Gaimard's Voyages en Scandinavie etc. pi. 11. B. fig. 1. 1856. Amphithoe littorina, Spence Bate, Brit. Assoc. Report 1855.

Except in points of colouring there seems little to distinguish the forms to which the above-

have been There is variation mentioned names given. probably some in the comparative lengths

the of fingers of the gnathopods and in shape of the telson, the variation depending rather on

Bate that the tel- age, size, or other individual character than on specific difference. Spence says

of rubricata son Amphithoe is "short, subtriangularthat of littorina "obtusely trian-

telson of gular". Rathke figures the podoceroides as narrow, with rounded end, and the sides rather sinuous. Boeck that the telson of that has a breadth at says species the base nearly equal

to the length, that it is narrower towards the end, which is straightly truncate (ret afskaaret).

the of the of his but it Kroyer says same apex species (Enderanden lige afskaaren), figures broadly

rounded with a projecting point at either side. This figure gives a good idea of the ordinary

the sometimes less form, though spine-bearing points are prominent and sometimes higher up,

of the is little while the curve apical margin occasionally a emarginate.

Loc. Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881.

GENUS PODOCERUS, Leach, 1814.

Art. 1814. Podocerus, Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopaedia, vol. 7. p. 433. Crustaceology.

1888. etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1129,

Podocerus angvipes, (Kröyer).

1838. Gronlands 14. Ischyrocerus angvipes, Kroyer, Amfipoder, p. 283, pi. 3, fig,

1859. Podocerus Skand. Gamm. 21. angvipes, Bruzelius, Amph. p.

1888. » etc. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1718,

Loc. Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881.

Podocerus megacheir, Boeck.

1870. Podocerus Crust, et arct. 167 megacheir, Boeck, amph. bor. p. (247).

1888. » 570. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 396,

The in the collection rather show that the two specimens present are inperfect. They secondary

has a minute second of the flagellum of the upper antennae joint, that the setae large hands of

second are and and that the branch of the third the gnathopods many plumose, outer uropods has a serration of five upright points just over the insertion of its little terminal spine.

Loc. Vardo. Busse Sund. 1881.

Podocerus tuberculatus, Hoek.

1882. Podocerus tuberculatum, Hoek, Die Crustaceen, gesammelt wahrend der Fahrten

des "Willem Barents". Nied. Arch, fur Zool. Bd. 1. 64. 3. 32. Suppl. p. pi. fig. 120. 1888. » hoeki, Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1136, pi.

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The single specimen described by Dr. Hoek was taken in 1879 in Lat. 71° 23' N., Long. 49°

38' E., from a depth of 67 fathoms. Other specimens were obtained on Sept. 6, 1881, in Lat.

77° from fathoms. 7'N., Long. 49° 37" E., a depth of 170 An examination of these has shown that

the the in with of in fingers of gnathopods precisely agree dentation those the specimen described

the under "Challenger" Report the name of Podocerus hoeki. That specimen was taken in

the New 40° neighbourhood of Zealand, July 8, 1874, in Lat. 28'S., Long. 177° 43'E., and was

a fathoms. supposed to come from depth of 1100 But though its habitat is separated by so vast

Arctic does which a distance from the localities, there not seem to be a single feature can be

it which name. relied on for distinguishing from the species to Dr. Hoek had earlier given a

GENUS ERICTHONIUS, Milne-Edwards, 1830.

1830 Ann. des Sciences nat. vol. 20. 383, Ericthonius, Milne-Edwards, p.

etc. 1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1672,

Ericthonius Hunteri (Sp. Bate).

1862. Hunteri, Brit. Mus. Catal. Crust, 264. 45. 3. Cerapus Sp. Bate, Amph. p. pi. fig.

1880. S. 1. Connecticut Acad. 278. Ericthonius difformis, Smith, Trans. vol. 4. p.

1888. » .» Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, pp. 336, 396.

In the bibliography of the Amphipoda I acquiesced in Professor Smith's opinion that this is a of Ericthonius but examination of a species synonym difformis, Milne-Edwards, upon in specimen this collection I now hesitate to endorse that view. The tuberculation of the hand of

the second gnathopods in the male is different from what is met with in British specimens, and the latter when .have, at least often, a double tooth to the wrist, the hand is tubercled, (the C e-

abditus Ericthonius rapus form of Bate and Westwood), whereas the tooth of the wrist in

Hunteri is the third simple. Moreover in this species the ramus of uropods is longer in pro-

portion to the peduncle than in Ericthonius difformis.

Loc. 73° Lat. 21'45" N. Long. 34° 19'26" E. 9 VI 1882. 125 Path.

GENUS HYPEROCHE, Bovallius, 1887.

1887. Bovallius, t. K. Sv. Akad. Handl. Bd. 11. N°. 16. 17, Hyperoche, Bihang p.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1398, etc.

1889. Mon. » Bovallius, Amph. Hyperiidea, p. 83.

Crustacea of vol. 1. 1. 1890. » Sars, Norway, pt. p. 8.

Hyperoche medusarum (Kröyer).

1838. Metoecus Medusarum, Kroyer, Gronlands Amfipoder. Danske Vid. Selsk. Afhandl.

288. 3. 15. VII, p. tab. fig.

1870. Tauria bor. et arct. 6 abysso rum, Boeck, Crust, amph. p. (86). 1882. » af 75. medusarum, Sars, Oversigt Norges Crustaceer, p. 1885. t. Sv. Vet. Akad. 10. 14. 17. Hyperia Kroy eri, Bovallius, Bihang K. Handl. Bd. N°. p.

1887. Akad. N°. 18. Hyperoche Kroeyeri, Bovallius, Bihang t. K. Sv. Yet. Handl. Bd. 1L. 16. p.

1887. » » 19. abyssorum, » » » » » » p.

1887. » » 19. Luetkeni, » » » » » » p.

1887. » Malacostraca marina Groenlandiae 58. medusarum, Hansen, occidentalis, p.

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1399. etc.

1889. » Mon. 87. Kroeyeri, Bovallius, Amph. Hyperiidea , p.

1889. » abyssorum, Bovallius, » » » p. 94.

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1889. Hyperoche Luetkeni, Bovallius Mon. Amph. Hyperiidea, p. 97.

1890. » Kroyeri, Sars, Crustacea of Norway, vol. 1. pt. 1. p. 9. pi. 4.

fathoms in A single specimen of this species was taken at a depth of 52 Long. 70° 30'5"N.

Lat. 49° 41'5" E. 29 VII. 1881.

In the above I the latest of Sars that synonymy am merely accepting opinion Professor Kroyer's species is distinct from the Oniscus medusarum of O. Fabricius, and identical with the

Tauria abyssorum of Boeck and the Hyperoche Kroeyeri and Hyperoche Luetkeni of Bovallius. If the Metoecus medusarum of Kroyer belonged at the outset both to a new

the should be the one as genus and a new species, specific name maintained, though generic

has to be In 1889 Bovallius discusses the distinctions being preoccupied displaced. very minutely between the specimens which he has allotted to three separate species. To his elaborate work the

must be referred for full reader a account of the merits of the question.

GENUS EUTHEMISTO, Bovallius, 1887.

1825. Themisto, Guerin, Encycl. Method, vol. 10. Art. Uroptera.

1887. t. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 11. N°. 16. 21. Euthemisto, Bovallius, Bihang p.

1888. » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1407, etc.

1889. » Bovallius. Mon. 275. Amph. Hyperiidea, p.

1890. » Sars Crustacea of vol. 1. 1. 11. 3 Norway, pt. p.

Euthemisto libellula (Lichtenstein, in Mandt).

in Mandt's nat. 1822. Gammarus libellula, Lichtenstein, Obs. Hist. itin. Groenlandico, p. 32.

K. 11. N°. 16 22. 1887. Euthemisto » Bovallius, Bihang t. Sv. Akad. Handl. Bd. p.

1888. » » Stebbing, Challenger Amphipoda, p. 1699, etc.

1889. » » Bovallius, Mon. Amph. Hyperiidea, p. 281. pi. 13. fig. 1—31.

1890. » » Crustacea of vol. 1. 1. 13. 6. 1. Sars, Norway, pt. p. pi. fig.

Loc. Vardo, Busse Sund. 1881.

On the surface of the Barents-Sea. 1883.

Loc. Lat. 72° 34' N. Long. 48° 6'E. 5 VIII 1884. 140 Fath.

A PARASITIC ISOPOD.

The of Onisimus noticed on 10 contained thirteen specimen plautus (Kroyer) page eggs.

much than of the tribe Among them, and smaller any them, was a little Isopod of Epicaridea. It

with that and in corresponds very closely described and figured by M. M. Giard Bonnier their

and under the title of paper on Probop.yrus Palaegyge, p. 18, pi. 6, 1888, "Stade cryp-

the first antennae to be from toniscien". In the present specimen appear quite distinct one

below another at their bases. The first joint as seen from is an elongate slightly curved plate, much broader than long, with two setules on the upper lateral margin, and the lower cut

central into seven moderately strong teeth, of which the one is the broadest. The second joint is also laminar, smaller than the first, the distal border directed more outwards than downwards

four inward-directed teeth with an teeth and cut into appearance of some additional showing

from the this border it carries the distal through upper surface; near two setules. Within margin

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second the of the joint are three one-jointed branches, the uppermost carrying two setae much

than the median one longer itself, which is longer carrying, as it seems, four setae of which

are The lowest two very long. branch is

short and carries very perhaps twenty very long, slender, transparent hyaline rods.

According to M.M. Giard and Bonnier

these rods in their specimen were attached

to a lobe of the second joint. In the

present specimen they seem undoubtedly

to arise from the small branch. The se-

cond antennae are ninejointed, the five joints of the flagellum being slender and

rather long, each with a couple of apical setae; the second joint of the peduncle

has a subapical seta; the third and fourth

joints have each an apical one. The mouth-

united organs form a closely rounded-trian-

gular mass, with a sharp pair of points

in to from the position protrude apex in

ventral front. The plate folding over the

base of each of the trunk-limbs has its

edge cut into five teeth.

The two pairs of gnathopods have the third joint rather long and broad, though

shorter than the second; the fourth joint

is small, the fifth short but broad; the

sixth joint is rather massive, having on the hind short broad with their distal border which the margin two very spines serrate, against short curved down. The three terminal in first finger can close joints are described as seen the pair only; from the second were broken off. The to be in close with those they peraeopods appear agreement the of specimen figured by M.M. Giard and Bonnier, and the pleopods differ little, except that the branches set wide the branch apart are more elongate; outer is here also considerably longer

than the inner. The uropods have short peduncles and slen-

der rami, the inner much longer than the outer, each tipped

with two setae. The semicircular the long head, peraeon en-

creasing in width to the fifth segment and diminishing to the

and the of the seventh, six segments tapering pleon, agree

with the specimen compared, but whereas that specimen is

two each furnished with described as having large eyes a

surrounded zone of black rounded crystalline by a pigment,

no of there is in the present specimen appearance eyes. inclined M.M. Giard and Bonnier are to suppose that their

to the of which specimen may belong genus Palaegyge, found in the left they describe a species branchial cavity of

Palaemon A similar been described Buchholz as dispar. very form has by Hemioniscus The balani. circumstances under which the present specimen was found make it possible that

the The characters it is cryptoniscian stage of one of the Cabiropsidae. given will make it avail-

future forms able for recognition, but, until the adult are discovered, it seems scarcely possible to the to determine family which an animal in the cryptoniscian stage should be assigned.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

The lettering is uniform throughout the Plates, and is based on the initial letters of the words indicated:

a. s. Antenna superior, or first antenna.

a. i. Antenna inferior or second antenna

1. Labium labrum s. superius, or upper lip.

1. i. Labium inferius, or lower lip,

m. Mandible.

mx.l. First maxilla.

mx.2. Second maxilla.

mxp. Maxillipeds.

gn.l., gn.2. First, and Second gnathopods. prp.l. 2. 3. 4. 5, First, second, third, fourth and fifth peraeopods.

Pl.s. Pleon segment. pip. Pleopod.

ur.l. 2. 3. First, second, and third uropods.

T. Telson.

c? male. 9 female.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Bijdragentot de Dierkunde. Pl. I.

T.R.R. Stebbing del. P.W.M. Trapimpr. A.J. Wendel lith.

Hippomedon squamosus. n. sp.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Pl.N. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde.

A. J. Wendel lith. T.R.R. Stebbing del. T.W.M. Trap impr.

Paronesimus Barentsi, n. sp.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde. Pl. III.

del. T.R.R. Stebbing P.W.M. Trap impr. A.J. Wendellith.

Haploops læevis, Hoek.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Pl.IV. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde.

A.J. Wendel lith. T.R.R. Stebbing del. P.W.M. Trap impr.

Monoculodes Hanseni, n. sp.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde. Pl. V.

T.R.R. Stebbing del. P.W.M. Trap impr. A.J.Wendellith.

Barentsia Hoeki, n.g. et sp.

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde. Pl.VI.

lith. T.R.R. Stebbing del. P.W.M. Trap impr. A.J. Wendel

Acanthonotozoma inflatum, (Kröyer).

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde. Pl. VII.

T.R.R. Stebbing del. P.W.M. Trap impr. A.J. Wendel lith.

Weyprechtia Heuglini. (Buchholz).

Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 11:17:39PM via free access