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PachamamaA Traditional Knowledge Newsletter of the Convention on Biological Diversity Volume 4 | Issue 4 April – September 2010
Recognizing the Crucial Role of Indigenous People and Local Communities Foreword by Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary, Convention on Biological Diversity
elcome to the fourth edition of the Pachamama Wand its focus on the Latin American and Caribbean region, one of the world’s richest areas of biologi- cal and cultural diversity. In this issue you will dis- cover, through the eyes of indigenous and local communities, what is being achieved in Latin America and the Caribbean, from their initiatives and experiences in the implementation of Article 8 (j) and other articles of the Convention on Biological Members of the Kuna people fishing, Kuna Yala, Panama (Photo courtesy of Hortencia Hidalgo Cáceres) Diversity (CBD). They are an inspiration for other initiatives in our mutual efforts Negotiating an international regime on ABS local communities on biological resources to save Earth’s biodiversity and celebrate One of the most critical issues this year for since the conception of this international the 2010 International Year of Biodiversity indigenous and local communities, and instrument. and its sister year — the International Year indeed for the citizens of the world, is the for the Rapprochement of Cultures. These negotiation of an international regime The Convention has three objectives. The stories take us on our journey to the tenth on access and benefit-sharing (ABS) of most notable advance within the frame- meeting of the Conference of the Parties genetic resources, and associated tradi- work of the Convention, relevant to devel- (COP 10) to the Convention, to be held tional knowledge. The international com- opment, comes from the commitment of the in Nagoya, Japan, in October 2010, and munity has recognized the close and Parties to implement the third objective of beyond. traditional dependence of indigenous and the CBD—the fair and equitable sharing of In This Issue Recognizing the Crucial Role of Indigenous People and Local Communities, Better Cooperation Needed between Scientists and Indigenous Foreword by Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary, Convention on Peoples, interview with Professor Teodora Zamudio, Chair in Indigenous Biological Diversity...... 1 Peoples’ Law, Law Department of the University of Buenos Aires...... 10 Protecting the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the Andes, interview with Respect Essential Ingredient for Indigenous Tourism Initiative, Rodrigo de la Cruz, indigenous delegate for Llamado de la Tierra, member interview with Cecilio Solís Librado, President of RITA, the Indigenous of the Kichwa indigenous people of Imbabura Province, Ecuador, master’s Tourism Network of Mexico...... 12 degree candidate in intellectual property at the Universidad de las Américas... 3 Engaging the Private Sector in Dialogue on Biodiversity, interview with Defending the Interests of Peru’s Indigenous People, interview with Aurora Elisa Canqui Mollo, Project Coordinator, Establishment of Quality of Life Ortega Pillman, Executive, Department of Inventions and New Technology of Indicators, Ministry of Development Planning, Bolivia; and, Vice-President, the National Institute for the Defence of Competition and Protection of UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues...... 13 Intellectual Property, Lima, Peru...... 7 The Legend of Coquena, by Alejandra Arganaraz ...... 14 Empowerment through Education, interview with Florina López Miro, Workshop on Forest Ecosystems ...... 15 Coordinator, Indigenous Women’s Biodiversity Network for the Latin American and Caribbean Region...... 10 2010 Indigenous Tourism and Biodiversity Website Award ...... 16
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the benefits arising out of the utilization of related to traditional knowledge associ- Biodiversity, providing a unique opportu- genetic resources—through the adoption ated with genetic resources and the inter- nity for highlighting the role of indigenous and implementation of the international national access and benefit-sharing regime, and local communities and their traditional regime on access to genetic resources and which was held in December 2008, and the knowledge in achieving the goals of the benefit-sharing, at COP 10. Vilm workshop on matters related to tradi- Convention, which I often paraphrase as tional knowledge associated with genetic “saving life on Earth,” or perhaps as indige- The most important aspect for indige- resources and the international regime on nous and local communities may say, “sav- nous and local communities with regards access and benefit-sharing, which was spon- ing Mother Earth – or Pachamama.” to an international regime is the protec- sored by the Government of Germany and tion of their knowledge, innovations and held on the Isle of Vilm in June 2009. The In particular, the Secretariat is working practices associated with genetic resources Government of Spain has also generously with indigenous and local communities through a requirement that such knowl- funded a meeting of indigenous negoti- to develop alternative community educa- edge is accessed with their prior informed ators, facilitated by the Secretariat in Cali, tion and public awareness products. These consent or approval. Secondly and of equal Colombia, just prior to the 9th and final meet- include materials to assist indigenous and importance, is that when such knowledge is ing of the Working Group on ABS. local communities improve their knowl- accessed, it gives rise to the equitable shar- edge of Convention processes and products ing of benefits. To further support the participation of indig- geared towards the general public high- enous and local communities in Convention lighting the important role that indigenous The role of traditional knowledge associ- processes, the Secretariat, with the assistance and local communities and their traditional ated with genetic resources is a fundamen- of the Government of Spain, signed a long- knowledge play in promoting biologi- tal aspect in negotiating the international term capacity-building strategy in early 2009 cal and cultural diversity. These materials regime. The effective participation of indig- and entered into a three-year memorandum include: a short film on traditional know- enous and local community representatives of understanding with the Fundación para ledge in the South Pacific that looks at coral in these important negotiations has been a la Promoción del Conocimiento Indígena, gardening, strengthening traditional fish unique feature of this process. They have acting on behalf of the Latin American and traps and reef restoration; an animated film participated in all relevant meetings, includ- Caribbean Indigenous Women’s Biodiversity with a North American indigenous flavour ing three expert meetings dealing respec- Network, to provide capacity-building for that draws attention to the crucial role trad- tively with “concepts, terms, functional indigenous women and men, to assist them itional knowledge plays in saving our divers- definitions and sectoral approaches,” “com- in effectively participating in meetings held ity is being made for children of all ages; a pliance,” and “traditional knowledge associ- under the Convention and specifically to photography exhibition will be launched ated to genetic resources.” assist their participation in the ABS negoti- at the Ninth Session of the United Nations ations and in the preparations for COP 10. Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues at To ensure that traditional knowledge issues These workshops are assisting to the devel- UN Headquarters in April 2010. The exhibi- and indigenous peoples rights are fully opment of an indigenous and local commu- tion draws attention to both international addressed in the development of an inter- nity participation guide for meetings held years and the crucial role of indigenous national regime on ABS, some Parties and under the Convention. and local communities as custodians of the regional groupings, in collaboration with World’s biological and cultural diversity. the Secretariat, have pursued their own The International Year of Biodiversity initiatives, such as the European Union- The United Nations General Assembly The Secretariat is also working with the sponsored Vienna workshop on matters declared 2010 the International Year of United Nations Educational, Scientific
Participants to the Mesoamerican Capacity Building Workshop for Indigenous and Local Community Latin American and Caribbean Indigenous and Local Community Capacity Building Workshop on the Convention on of Guatemala, 2-6 March 2010, with the Vice-Minister of Natural Resources of Guatemala, Emma Biological Diversity, including issues relevant to Article 8(j) Traditional Knowledge and Access and Benefit-Sharing. Díaz Larra (Photo courtesy of Onel Masardule Arias) Third Workshop, South Cone Region, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 4-6 February 2010 (Photo courtesy of Onel Masardule Arias)
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and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and Nagoya biodiversity summit on customary sustainable use. They also indigenous and local communities to pro- The Conference of the Parties established considered whether future in-depth dia- duce and distribute posters on the import- a working group specifically to address the logues could contribute to the grave issues ance of traditional knowledge in various implementation of Article 8(j) and related currently facing humanity, such as climate indigenous languages. Furthermore, the provisions on traditional knowledge a change, the unsustainable use of the Earth’s Secretariat is assisting indigenous and decade ago. The Ad Hoc Open-ended resources and the mass extinctions of plants local community radio broadcasters in the Intersessional Working Group on Article and animals. Amazonia and Andean regions to produce 8(j) and Related Provisions is responsible news stories by indigenous experts on issues for the development and implementation Increasingly, the work of Article 8(j) and relevant to these communities and to our of an ambitious work programme aimed the other related articles of the Convention mutual goals of conservation and sustain- at achieving respect for, preservation and clearly highlight the fundamental role that able use. promotion of traditional knowledge, with traditional knowledge plays in biodiversity the approval of the relevant of indigenous conservation, as well as the need for imple- In efforts to support indigenous owned and local communities. The Working Group mentation at the local level. The experi- communication initiatives, the Secretariat on Article 8 (j) is open to all Parties to the ences and challenges outlined in this edition is also working with the indigenousportal. Convention, and indigenous and local com- of Pachamama are some examples of how com, an Internet initiative which works in munities’ representatives play a full and these local actions show a deep connec- four languages (English, Spanish, French and active role in its work. tion with, and a true love for, Pachamama— Russian), to raise the profile of Convention Mother Earth. It is with deep respect that I issues of interest to indigenous and local At the Sixth Meeting of the Working Group extend my hand to the world’s indigenous communities and to inform indigenous and on Article 8 (j) in November 2009 partici- and local communities as my partners in local communities about the opportunities pants discussed an exciting forward look- saving our Earth in all her beauty and diver- to participate in the work of the Convention. ing, multi-year programme of work focusing sity both now and for future generations.
Protecting the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the Andes Helping provide the best protection for indigenous territories and their natural resources so that the rights of indigenous peoples may be respected at every level
odrigo de la Cruz, indigenous delegate for Llamado Tell us about CAN, how did this initiative arise? de la Tierra, member of the Kichwa indigenous peo- The Andean Community of Nations is an ple of Imbabura province in Ecuador, and a candi- organization for the sub-regional integra- Rdate for a master’s degree in intellectual property at the tion of Andean countries. It currently has Universidad de las Américas, discusses his experience with four members: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador the Andean Community of Nations and the adoption of var- and Peru. It is a 40-year-old integration ious decisions geared to protect genetic resources and tra- system which began to seriously address ditional knowledge environmental questions after the adoption of the CBD.
What was your experience with the implementation of Biodiversity Strategy for Tropical Andean The natural heritage of CAN member CBD Articles 8 (j) and 15 in the Andean Community? Countries, was adopted. countries represents approximately 20% Since the member countries of Bolivia, of the planet’s biodiversity. The Andean Colombia, Ecuador and Peru signed the While it is true that both the Regional Community boasts tremendous cul- Convention in 1993 the issues related to Strategy and the decision on genetic tural wealth and variety and its countries Article 8 (j) (traditional knowledge) and to resources recognize the collective charac- are home to nearly 200 culturally diverse Article 15 (access to genetic resources) have ter of ancestral knowledge related to gen- indigenous communities. Thus the object- been addressed within the framework of the etic resources and that both texts recognize ive of adopting the Regional Biodiversity Andean Community of Nations (CAN). One indigenous peoples’ rights in respect of trad- Strategy was to establish sub-regional public of the first measures taken in the region was itional knowledge, no standards have yet policies and guidelines for the conservation to adopt Decision 391 – Common Regime been adopted within the Andean Community and sustainable use of the biodiversity of on Access to Genetic Resources, in July 1996. framework to ensure protection of traditional this region. This is a rich area which includes In July 2002, Decision 523, the Regional knowledge and of associated rights. large strategic eco-regions such as the
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Amazon region (part of the Amazon transfer of technology, inter alia. There are a regulation on Decision 391 access neces- basin), the Andean region, the Pacific and still unresolved difficulties in the region. sary. The biggest problem is that this regula- Caribbean coasts, and mega-diverse eco- tion has yet to be adopted. regions, including the Galapagos archipel- What difficulties have been encountered? ago, whose endemic biological diversity Biopiracy is one of these difficulties. This is There is an interesting debate taking place makes it unique in the world. a frequent and recurrent phenomenon in and many of its aspects concern indigenous the region which is due to such factors as peoples’ demands for recognition of indige- How long did CAN debate the adoption of the Common the non-recognition of indigenous peoples’ nous rights in the treatment of these issues. Regime on Access to Genetic Resources? ownership of traditional knowledge. It is also The formulation and adoption process due to the lack of effective measures and Every State has sovereignty over its own lasted approximately three or four years. policies in the region where Decision 391 genetic resources and over the procedures Adoption was not immediate because has not been implemented. and regulations it adopts in order to imple- individual States had their own concerns ment the Decision. regarding both genetic resources and Countries such as Colombia and Peru have traditional knowledge. There was also the taken decisions on access to genetic resour- Are cases of transboundary traditional knowledge and recurrent phenomenon of biopiracy in the ces within their respective national contexts. genetic resources included? sub-region and the possibility of free trade We hope that these experiences will help to Yes, such cases are included. The Decision agreements with the United States involv- ensure more efficient and effective work, contains a provision which states that ing the questions of intellectual property leading to equitable benefits both for States when accessing associated and shared tra- and biodiversity. Urgent measures were and for indigenous peoples. ditional knowledge and genetic resources, taken to address the issue with policies and the genetic resources and traditional knowl- legal standards having regional scope, and Concretely, how is Decision 391, the Common Regime edge supplier country must inform the the decision set a precedent for treatment on Access to Genetic Resources, applied? How does it other country concerned and that the lat- of these issues in the world after the CBD. work? ter’s interests must be taken into account in Today, however, gains have not been made The application mechanism is set out in the access contract for the shared genetic as regards implementation. In particular, the Decision, which describes the general resources in question. it has not been possible to ensure either application procedures through a model proper access to genetic resources and the access contract. Colombia implemented the With whom must the user sign the access contract? associated traditional knowledge, or the Decision as is, without adopting second- With the competent national authority fair and equitable distribution of benefits, ary procedures. Ecuador took a long time to of the country that supplies the genetic or control and prevention of biopiracy, or implement the Decision because it deemed resource.
What if the genetic resource is shared and is located in a different country? The country supplying the genetic resource is the decision-maker. However, it has the obligation to inform the other country of origin and take the latter’s interests into account.
And this applies even if it is a shared resource? Yes. The Decision states that a Member Country which is not involved in a nego- tiation on access has the right to ask for information.
It is now 13 years since the Decision was adopted. What has been achieved during that time? The sub-region has been able to establish regional control regulation and policy. As well, national laws have been established which govern access to genetic resources. Perhaps the Peruvian case is the most significant; Peru passed a law introduc- ing a Protection Regime for the Collective Knowledge of Indigenous Peoples Derived The Tinkunaku Kolla indigenous community in the Yungas, Argentina, between the provinces of Salta and Jujuy, is situated in a UNESCO-declared Biosphere Reserve (Photo courtesy of Cesar A. Palacios) from Biological Resources (No. 27811). In
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Flower of the Andean region of South America (Photo courtesy of Cesar A. Palacios)
Ecuador and Bolivia, there has been consti- Resources, is the establishment of regional The Andean region generally aims for a sui tutional progress in the areas of biodiversity regulations for the protection of traditional generis regime for the protection of tradi- and traditional knowledge. Another pos- knowledge. The matter has been under tional knowledge. itive step is that the four Andean countries study since 2003-2004, and a proposal for have objectives and macro-policies to guide basic guidelines was officially submitted fol- Despite the efforts made CAN’s response to, access contract negotiations with user States. lowing a series of national socialization proc- and progress made, in this area has been esses involving organizations representing quite slow. Since the adoption of Decisions In light of the current situation and the progress made indigenous peoples from Bolivia, Colombia, 391, 523, and even 486, no significant internationally, do you believe that the Decision should Ecuador and Peru. Regional discussions also steps have been taken to generate propos- be modified? If so, how? took place. Today, the region has a proposal als for the protection of traditional knowl- The Decision itself is sound. From the strict for a possible Andean decision on the pro- edge. Only in 2003-2004 did serious and standpoint of conservation and the sustain- tection of traditional knowledge. We hope it effective work on the matter begin to take able use of biodiversity, there are elements will be adopted before COP 10. This would place. At that time, the General Secretariat which are important as regards precautions be an important step forward for the region. of the Andean Community, at the request in respect of genetic resources, biological of the Andean Committee of Environmental resources, and the associated traditional A[sic]: Decision 391 (8th Transitory Provision) Authorities (CAAAM), established a work- knowledge of indigenous peoples. What and the Regional Biodiversity Strategy ing group of indigenous experts with del- has not been fully developed is the matter of (Objective III, Result 11.1) expressly estab- egates from the organizations of the how to deal with access and distribution of lish that traditional knowledge must be indigenous communities from the five benefits. In this area, the Decision does not recognized and safeguarded by means of countries in the region, which at the time provide guidelines for State action because a protection regime. Furthermore, Article included Venezuela. I had the privilege to this is contingent on the outcome of global 3 of Decision 486 on industrial property be designated Regional Coordinator of the negotiations concerning the CBD. (2000) establishes that Member Countries Indigenous Working Group on Biodiversity. must recognize the rights and decision- The aim of the Group was to develop a pro- The other issue which the region must making authority of their indigenous, posal for regional regulations on the pro- resolve, ideally before the adoption of the African descendants, and local communi- tection of traditional knowledge, with International Regime on Access to Genetic ties in respect of their collective knowledge. the coordination and participation of the
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organizations representing the indigenous over to the General Secretariat of the The adoption of a regional regulatory frame- peoples of each member country. Community to be officially submitted to work for Decision 391 ensures precaution- the respective ministries of the environ- ary measures for the conservation and During the first phase, a preliminary pro- ment and ministries of foreign affairs of sustainable use of genetic and biological posal titled Elements for a Sui Generis the four CAN Member Countries. The objec- resources. In the region there have been Protection System for Collective and tive was to begin the revision and recom- no effective experiences regarding access Comprehensive Traditional Knowledge from mendation process of the corresponding which could tell us about the actual obsta- an Indigenous Perspective (May 2005) was national bodies in order to ultimately cles encountered at the time of implementa- developed. This was made possible through ensure the proposal’s adoption as a sub- tion. Colombia, as a sovereign State, decided regional workshops in Lima, Santa Cruz, and regional regulation. to go ahead with implementation as estab- Caracas and which were directly sponsored lished by the regulatory framework for by the CAN and the Andean Development What new tools, processes or bodies would figure if access. However, it will have to wait before Corporation (ADC). The following national your proposal were to be implemented? How could this it can determine where such direct imple- indigenous representation organizations proposal be a tool for indigenous peoples? mentation has succeeded and where it has participated in the consultation process: in Basically, this draft decision aims for the failed. Likewise, it will have to wait before it Bolivia, the Indigenous Confederation of recognition of indigenous peoples’ right to can share with us its experience with imple- Bolivia (CIDOB) and the National Council the ownership of their traditional knowl- mentation on a national level. Ecuador is of Ayllus and Marcas of the Altiplano edge. The decision provides that use of this having difficulties with implementation and (CONAMAC); in Peru, the Inter-Ethnic traditional knowledge must be subject to the country has no experience with legal Association for the Development of the the free, prior and informed consent of the access to genetic resources. Peruvian Jungle (AIDESEP); in Ecuador, the indigenous peoples. It provides for the right Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of to fair and equitable distribution of bene- As one of the first regions in the world to Ecuador (CONAIE); in Colombia, the National fits. It provides for the recognition of the adopt such regulations, the CAN has made Indigenous Organization of Colombia intergenerational character of traditional significant progress. This has provided an (ONIC); and in Venezuela, the National Indian knowledge. It establishes that the right to incentive for other regions and countries Council of Venezuela (CONIVE). ownership of traditional knowledge is non- to adopt similar policies and regulations. transferable, inalienable, and not subject to We also hope that other regions will share When this initial proposal was completed seizure. The decision also covers intellectual their experiences as to how they are dealing in 2005, there followed a lull in activity due property rights, community and public reg- with the issues of real and effective access. to the Free Trade Agreement negotiations isters, funding for the conservation of tradi- Despite the unfortunate fact of biopiracy, with the United States and the involvement tional knowledge, and control authorities. the illegal use of genetic and biological of the CAN region therein. Some legal and These are the most significant aspects of resources which affects the country and, political friction arose which prevented the the decision. indigenous peoples in particular, we hope to progress of the Andean decision on the hear of positive experiences in dealing with protection of traditional knowledge, and As regards the methods of implementation these issues. the very importance of Decision 391 with of the future Andean decision, some believe regard to these matters was put to discus- that implementation should be carried out What message would you like to give to the indigenous sion. For this reason, the question of tra- through the environmental authorities, with peoples of your region and of Latin America in respect ditional knowledge was put on hold until focal points within each country’s respective to the issues on which you are working? mid-2008, when the General Secretariat re- ministry of the environment. Others believe I would just like to communicate a mes- started the consultation process with funds that implementation should be the respon- sage of unity and of awareness on a glo- provided by Spain and with the full support sibility of the four countries’ respective intel- bal, regional, national, and local level so of the Peruvian Society for Environmental lectual property offices. Still others believe that indigenous peoples may give due Law. I served as sub-regional coordinator. that this should be the responsibility of inde- importance to these issues. After all, our A new regional indigenous technical team pendent bodies not necessarily linked to resources are at stake. The genetic and was formed for this consultation. It included such State structures. Decisions need to be biological resources are in our commu- one delegate from each country who was taken regarding the matter. nities, our territories. The intangible her- appointed by the national indigenous itage of our ancestral knowledge is at organizations involved in the previous proc- Within the framework of the Convention, there is stake. Countries rich in biotechnology ess, and it also included the Coordinator currently debate on the IR and the adoption of an have direct interest in our rich biological of the Indigenous Organizations of the international regime on access and on distribution of and cultural diversity. Thus, the best strat- Amazon Basin (COICA) and the Andean benefits. There is also discussion about the importance of egy for dealing with these aspects of glo- Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations regional access systems in light of the existence of shared balization can only be to provide the best (CAOI). genetic resources mainly in border areas. Do you think protection for indigenous territories and that the Andean Community can serve as a model? If so, their natural resources so that the rights Finally, the proposal was further consol- based on your experience these past few years, what of indigenous peoples may be respected idated in July 2009. It was then handed issues would the Andean Community model influence? at every level.
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(Photo courtesy of Aurora Ortega Pillman) Defending the Interests of Peru’s Indigenous People Preserving indigenous’ collective knowledge through confidential, public and local registers
achamama interviewed Aurora Ortega Pillman, Executive, Department of Inventions and New material, format design, and the establish- Technology (DIN) of the National Institute for the ment of requirements in INDECOPI’s Unified PDefence of Competition and Protection of Intellectual Property Administrative Procedures Text. Submission (INDECOPI) in Lima, Peru, about the Register of Collective of applications is free under Ministerial Knowledge of Indigenous Peoples, a law that protects indige- Resolution No. 076-2006-PCM of March nous knowledge of biological resources in Peru. 2006. At the end of 2006, the first two appli- cations for the registration3 of collective knowledge were submitted. Can you tell us about your experience with the Register of industry be fairly and equitably distrib- of Collective Knowledge? uted among the owners of said knowledge. How and when did the initiative arise? What were the Law 27811 was passed in Peru in August The competent administrative authority initiative’s aims? 2002. This law establishes a sui generis intel- is the Department of Inventions and New As mentioned, the initiative followed from lectual property regime for the protection Technology (DIN) of the National Institute for the enactment of Law 27811 in 2002. Since of indigenous peoples’ collective knowl- the Defence of Competition and Protection then, assorted dissemination work has been edge1 related to biological resources. One of Intellectual Property (INDECOPI). carried out, such as the creation of spaces for of the regime’s objectives is to preserve col- dialogue with indigenous representatives lective knowledge by means of confiden- Within the framework of this regulation, and the development of written and audio tial, public, and local registers. Through the the DIN set up the public and confiden- material which has been translated into other mechanisms it establishes, the regime tial national registers. First, the law was the main indigenous languages (Ayacucho also aims to ensure that the benefits derived widely disseminated through spaces cre- Quechua, Central Quechua, Southern from the use of this knowledge in any type ated for dialogue, a website2, informational Quechua, Ashaninka, Shipibo-Conibo,
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• Ensure that the process be accompa- nied by capacity-building in respect of the national law • Ensure the revaluation of indigenous knowledge within the communities themselves and to enable communi- ties to progressively use the other tools offered by the national law.
When were the national registers of collective knowledge created? When were the local registers created? (Public National Register of Collective Knowledge of Indigenous Peoples, Confidential National Register of Collective Knowledge of Indigenous Peoples) They were created when Law 27811 was enacted.
How are the registers of collective knowledge organized? How do they function? Who can register? What requirements must be met? How do the different registers correlate? What is the nature of the register? The Public and Confidential National Registers of Collective Knowledge of Yanesha). The main aims were those stated One of the most significant dissemina- Indigenous Peoples are administrated by in the national law: tion events was the Indigenous Facilitators INDECOPI. However, ex officio, our insti- • To preserve and safeguard the collec- Workshop, which involved indigenous rep- tution can only make use of the Public tive knowledge of indigenous peoples resentatives interested in the law and its dis- National Register based on accessible bib- and their rights therein semination within their communities. The liographic information. At present, we have • To provide INDECOPI with such informa- broadcast relied on material provided by the a National Public Register Database which tion as enables it to defend the interests DIN and its effect was exponential; the under- contains collective knowledge associated of indigenous peoples where their col- taking was even reproduced by a number of with 400 species of plants. lective knowledge is concerned. institutions working with indigenous peoples. Entry in the confidential registers can only As you can see, the main objective is to ensure In 2006, the first two applications for regis- be requested by indigenous peoples, pro- preservation and the second objective is to tration in the Confidential National Register vided that proof of compliance with cer- provide a dated document proving the origin were submitted by a native community from tain formal requirements4 is presented at of given knowledge in the event that the law the Peruvian Amazon. This community had INDECOPI and subject to agreement from is violated in respect of said knowledge. been working on a project with the Peruvian the community.
The local registers are managed exclu- “Indigenous communities now have an appropriate sively by indigenous peoples5 in accord- and accessible process for registration.” ance with their practices and customs, in accordance with Article 24 of Law 27811. However, at the request of indigenous peo- ples, INDECOPI can provide technical assist- What process led up to the creation of the registers of Amazon Research Institute, which acted as ance in the registration process. collective knowledge? a facilitator during the registration process. Within the framework of the implementa- When an indigenous people or community tion of this law, material was developed in What were the objectives of the registers of collective applies for the registration of particular col- support of the register. Various dissemina- knowledge? lective knowledge, the following documents tion activities were also conducted, not only The objectives were as follows: must be presented: vis-à-vis indigenous representations, but • Ensure compliance with the objectives • Identification of the indigenous people also vis-à-vis national research centres and stated in Law 27811 regarding this tool or community applying for registration public and private institutions somehow • Ensure that the process be accessible • Certificate of agreement to registration related to the collective knowledge of Peru’s to indigenous communities and their • Description of the knowledge in ques- indigenous peoples. representatives tion (including uses)
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• Common name of the biological deal of experience in a process which is not resource merely administrative. It is a process which • Sample or photographs which make must be regarded comprehensively and it possible to reliably identify the sci- whose social component must be taken into entific name of the biological resource consideration. with which the knowledge in question is associated. Indigenous communities now have an appropriate and accessible process for It bears noting that registration is optional. registration. The indigenous community does not have to register its knowledge in order to be pro- There are now documents which can serve tected; the Confidential National Register as reliably dated proof with which to defend may not be accessed by third parties and the the interests of indigenous peoples. information contained in the Public National Register must be sent to the world’s main It also bears noting that in August 2007, patent offices so that it may be treated as INDECOPI received the Good Governmental prior art in the examination of the novelty Practices Award in the “Social Inclusion” cat- and inventiveness of patent applications6. egory for its mission to ensure the effective protection of the collective knowledge of What obstacles did you encounter and how did you indigenous peoples. This award is granted overcome them? every year by the NGO Ciudadanos al Día When the application process for registra- in recognition of the work done by public tion began, the main obstacle was making institutions which has a meaningful impact sure that we had the tools to identify the on society and which can, in turn, be repli- scientific name of the biological resource cated by other institutions. In November It is important to establish strategic alliances associated with the collective knowledge in of the same year, INDECOPI was also hon- with institutions, such as those in the areas question. As the administrative entity in this oured when it became a finalist in the of research and health, which can assist in process, INDECOPI relied on the institutions7 “Communications” and “Commitment to this undertaking. Confidentiality must be dedicated to the taxonomic study of plants Society” categories of the 2007 Business taken into account; this is important in the in Peru. Creativity Contest organized by the Peruvian case of local and confidential registers. University of Applied Sciences. With the technical expertise of these institu- (For more information see: www.indecopi.gob.pe) tions it was possible to develop manuals on What incentives do you use to promote the registration 1 Article 2 b) of Law 27811 defines “collective knowledge” proper plant collection methods to ensure of collective knowledge? as “the accumulated, transgenerational knowledge evolved by indigenous peoples and communities that the samples presented could be ade- The process whereby a community decides concerning the properties, uses and characteristics of quately analyzed. to register at INDECOPI is a progressive one. biological diversity. The intangible components referred The key is to work with a community’s repre- to in Decision 391 of the Commission of the Cartagena Other obstacles were the administrative sentative organizations from the beginning. Agreement include this type of collective knowledge.” 2 Established with the cooperation of the Peruvian deadlines given, which in some cases did Through cooperation, a work programme Society for Environmental Law, a non-governmental not provide enough time for a community is established which progressively uses the organization which has an agreement with INDECOPI. to supply the documents required. However, tools established by the law. The website’s address is: http://aplicaciones.indecopi. gob.pe/portalctpi/index.jsp . this problem was solved using a strategy for 3 These two applications were presented by the Caco community communication; via rural tele- The main incentive is the revaluation of Macaya Native Community, located in the province of phones, a call could be placed prior to send- knowledge and the importance of its pres- Coronel Portillo in the department of Ucayali, Peru. ing a communication, for example. This also ervation, particularly vis-à-vis the youngest 4 See requirements at the following address: http://www.indecopi.gob.pe/0/modulos/JER/JER_ served to create a closer relationship with members of the community, who, due to Interna.aspx?ARE=0&PFL=10&JER=474 . the representatives of the indigenous com- social factors, gradually lose interest in the 5 Article 24 of Law 27811 — Local Registers of munities in question. preservation of knowledge associated with Collective Knowledge of Indigenous Peoples biological resources. Indigenous peoples can organize local registers of collective knowledge in accordance with their practices What are the initiative’s main achievements to date? and customs. INDECOPI will provide technical assistance The main achievement is that since 2006, What observations or recommendations would you for the organization of these registers at the request of applications for registration have been sub- make as a result of your experience? indigenous peoples. mitted by indigenous communities through In the particular case of Peru, it is impor- 6 Article 23 of Law 27811 7 Museum of National History of the Main National the organizations which represent them. tant to respect the hierarchy of indigenous University of San Marcos; Biology Department of La organizations. It is thus important to initiate Molina National Agricultural University; Veterinary The Department of Inventions and New the work with the cooperation of indigenous Institute of Tropical and High Altitude Research. Technology of INDECOPI has gained a great organizations in order to establish their trust.
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Empowerment through Education
achamama interviewed Florina López Miro, involved in decision-making in their respec- Coordinator, Indigenous Women’s Biodiversity tive communities, organizations, and villages. Network for the Latin American and Caribbean PRegion, about the cooperation strategy for capacity- We lobbied various financial bodies, and building among indigenous women and local communi- finally, the Spanish Government provided ties in respect of the Convention on Biological Diversity this support through the SCBD. The lobby- (CBD) and related issues with a view to enhancing prep- ing process began over two years ago, and aration for COP 10 we are now beginning the training stage.
What does the strategy comprise? Can you discuss your experience with capacity-building How did the initiative arise to establish a capacity- This initiative’s strategy is to educate indig- to assist in the implementation of Article 8 (j) and building strategy for indigenous women and local enous peoples, and particularly indige- Article 15 of the CBD? communities in Latin America and the Caribbean? nous women, about the CBD so that they For indigenous peoples, and especially for Aware of the complexity of the process and can have a greater impact on Convention- the participants, this kind of training is an of our limited access to information, we, the related meetings and negotiations and on opportunity to improve our understand- indigenous women participating in the dis- national laws related to Convention issues, ing of these complex issues which affect cussion process, felt that we did not have full and so that they can take on responsibilities all men and women, including the younger and effective participation therein. This ini- and leadership in the process. generations, and which affect our ways of tiative stemmed from the need for such full life, traditions, resources, lands, and territo- involvement. To this end, sub-regional workshops will ries. We must therefore be present when- be held throughout Latin America and the ever decisions are made and we must be The Indigenous Women’s Biodiversity Network Caribbean. Twenty men and women will involved in the implementation of these for the Latin American and Caribbean Region participate in these workshops, and the national and international instruments. This (LAC IWBN) vocalized these concerns and younger generations will also be involved. is why this empowerment in respect of the established workshops in order to develop a Finally, there will be a Latin American work- Convention, especially Articles 8 (j) and 15, strategy for strengthening the capacities of shop which will conclude with participation is so necessary. the leaders who, directly and indirectly, are in COP 10 in Nagoya, Japan. Better Cooperation Needed between Scientists and Indigenous Peoples
achamama spoke with Professor Teodora Zamudio, Biological research institutions did not Chair in Indigenous Peoples’ Law in the Law have this type of code. Actually, there are Department of the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). few such institutions in the world that do PProfessor Zamudio is also the coordinator of the UBA have one — I’m talking about institutions Science and Technology Secretariat Research Project D001 that deal with basic science which does not — The Legal System for Genetic Resources Management involve human testing. However, we — the and Associated Traditional Knowledge department chair and the research team (accredited by the University of Buenos Aires) supporting me — believe that it is What, in your opinion, are the critical factors in the or a burden which they have not been precisely these institutions which can serve relationship between researchers and indigenous taught how to handle. Indigenous com- as an early “check-point” for compliance with communities? munities are also unprepared — in most the Convention on Biological Diversity by Researchers have not received training in cases — to handle this relationship with verifying, at the beginning of a research pro- the philosophy of the Convention; they researchers. ject, that access to resources has been prop- are fully unaware of it. If they have heard erly granted. Doing this just means obeying something about it, they view Article 8 How and when did the initiative to work on a code of the law. (In Argentina it is Law 24375 of 3 (j) as a possible hindrance to their work, ethical conduct arise? October 1994.)
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women, in order to ensure their effec- Can you tell us about your achievements? tive participation in CBD proceedings, Before we began the first sub-regional work- especially those concerning Article 8 (j) shop, we felt that there was a great deal and Article 15 of interest on the part of organizations. • Ensure LAC IWBN capacity-building in Unfortunately, we cannot make more space order to increase the number of repre- for indigenous representatives. sentatives from indigenous and local communities, particularly women, who How do you expect to continue implementing the participate in CBD proceedings strategy after 2010? • Educate indigenous and local commu- We have no doubt that we will continue to nities about CBD processes. implement this strategy after 2010 because our results have drawn the attention of Which sub-regions are included in the strategy? many organizations which are not involved The following sub-regions are included: at this stage. We have also drawn the atten- Coveneño youth from the Galilea Community, Beni River, Bolivia (Photo courtesy of Johannes Stahl) 1. Capacity-building workshop I tion of several financing bodies. This will Sub-region: Southern South America help us to continue developing the strategy. For how long will the strategy be implemented? — Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and We also plan to establish the graduation of Implementation of the strategy is expected Uruguay trainees. to take place over a three-year period and 2. Capacity-building workshop II it is hoped, above all, that the strategy will Sub-region: Central America What observations or recommendations would you have permanent results. — Guatemala make as a result of your experience? 3. Workshop IV I would recommend that this kind of initia- What objectives form part of the strategy? Sub-region: Amazonia — Brazil tive be made more permanent through the The strategy’s objectives are as follows: 4. Workshop V various networks able to provide this oppor- • Effectively implement COP 9 Decision Sub-region: Andes — Colombia tunity to the representatives from indigen- IX/13 D and E as regards the develop- 5. Workshop VI ous communities who are fighting for ment of capacity-building and tak- Sub-region: Caribbean — Guyana our rights and for our equal participation. ing into account Decisions VIII/5 B and Knowledge of these international instru- C; the Annex to Decision VII/16; and With whom are you working to implement the ments helps to ensure full and effective par- Decision V/16, Annex II, Task 4 strategy? ticipation, which leads to consistent and • Educate representatives from indige- We are working closely with the Secretariat concrete proposals; this is especially import- nous and local communities, particularly of the Convention on Biological Diversity ant for indigenous women.
What process did you follow? We think that all institutions with a similar In the case on which we are working, profile can benefit from this Code; they can we began by organizing talks in the lab- contribute to it and apply it, thereby com- oratory to discuss the scope of the plying not only with the letter, but also with Convention. We asked the researchers, the spirit of the Convention. I believe that assistants, technicians and fellows about these participants had never been consulted how they thought Convention standards before, and yet they play a key role. (those related to access) should be imple- Dancing and drumming performance within the community of Batalla, from the Garifuna indigenous group, a mix of African descendent slaves mented. We also worked with best prac- What obstacles did you encounter and how did you and local indigenous peoples (Photo courtesy of La Alianza La Ruta Moskitia) tices guides: we summarized and studied overcome them? them and passed them on to the research- Fear and distance among the participants. That What observations or recommendations would you ers. This is how we gradually developed a is to say, scientists had not figured prominently make as a result of your experience? text which we have proposed for inclusion in the development of concrete standards to in the Code of Ethics. Now we are at the establish compliance with the Convention. Much more work should be done with the analysis and contribution stage. We hope Because of this, many of them saw it as dis- participation of scientists because it is they to have the final text ready by the end of ruptive to their activities and as a hindrance to who must respond more actively to this text February 2010. their right to research and to work. (CBD).
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Respect Essential Ingredient for Indigenous Tourism Initiative
achamama spoke with Cecilio Solís Librado, a member of the Nahua people of Mexico, about RITA, the PIndigenous Tourism Network of Mexico, of which he serves as President
Tell us about your initiative? RITA (Red Indígena de Turismo de México — Indigenous Tourism Network of Mexico) is the product of more than 10 years of work by a group of indigenous women and men. We were concerned about development, culture, and Mother Nature and we decided to pool our efforts to lay the foundations for our organization, RITA. Aymara Community of Zapahuira, in northern Chile (Photo courtesy of Hortencia Hidalgo Cáceres) Biodiversity, culture, art, and tradition indigenous communities share with the vis- creation involved indigenous delegates from abound in indigenous territories, and indig- itor their culture, traditions, art, language, 17 different communities, 15 Mexican states, enous landscapes and cosmogonies are hospitality, food, and the territory which and 32 micro-businesses from the tourism rich. This and more is part of our ances- makes them who they are. Respect for the industry. tors’ legacy, and there is no doubt that our local culture and the visitor’s culture and duties include the conservation, preser- respect for Mother Nature are fundamental There have been two main perspectives vation, and revaluation of our lands, terri- to this concept. Profits are distributed and from which indigenous peoples have typi- tories, and indigenous culture. This is the shared for the preservation of nature. cally been regarded: geographic space in which we were created 1. The folkloric standpoint and in which we play, and it is the source “Globalization is like a party. You have two 2. As groups seeking to improve our of our identity and our way of being, living, quality of life by uniting to demand and relating to life. It is where we were born, options: you can either stand by the wall and services and rights which have been where we have grown and multiplied, and watch the action or you can play your own neither recognized nor granted. where we will live after this lifetime. music and have people dance to your beat” In addition to adopting the general At RITA we have defined our own con- demands of the indigenous movement, cept of indigenous tourism. By means of How and when did the initiative originate? RITA is a strategy which implements the recreational activities and shared living, RITA came into being in October 2002. Its right to development, which has been rec- ognized by the State and various interna- tional agreements. Within this framework, we have joined forces to create an indig- enous tourism enterprise based on the revaluation of territory and of culture and respect for differences and for Mother Earth. This model entails welcoming visitors and making them see that indigenous culture is just as important as their own. In this model, globalization, which is as real as water, must no longer view us as objects and must now view us as subjects with abilities and with a great deal to offer.
(Website: www.rita.com.mx) Comarca Kuna, Panama (Photo courtesy of Hortencia Hidalgo Cáceres)
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Engaging the Private Sector in Dialogue on Biodiversity Important steps taken but need for increased dialogue between indigenous peoples and business
achamama interviewed Elisa Canqui Mollo, Project matter and the effort on the part of these Coordinator, Establishment of Quality of Life Indicators, businesses to support the objectives of the Bolivian Ministry of Development Planning; and, Vice- United Nations Declaration on the Rights PPresident, United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous of Indigenous Peoples, the Convention on Issues, on the dialogue between indigenous and local commu- Biological Diversity and Convention 169. nities and the private sector on the subject of biodiversity, and, in particular, Article 8 (j) (traditional knowledge) and Article 15 What objectives were part of the initiative? (access to genetic resources and distribution of benefits). The first objective was to consult with indigenous and local representatives on how the industry could implement the objectives Can you tell us about your experience with the dialogue These initiatives stem from the implemen- of the Declaration of the Natural Resources between indigenous and local communities and the tation of the United Nations Declaration on Stewardship Circle of the Aromatic, Perfume private sector on the subject of biodiversity, and, in the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. I believe and Cosmetics Industry. particular, Convention Article 8 (j) and Article 15? How that within this framework, the Permanent and when did the initiative originate? Forum plays an important role as regards The second objective was to implement You would have to ask the organizers about the definition of operational parameters for the Natural Resources Stewardship Circle the origin, but it is certainly true that the ini- implementation. We have seen that many Declaration with joint support from busi- tiatives provided a response to the demands such initiatives never become anything nesses and from indigenous peoples. of indigenous peoples. We must also more than good intentions, becoming mired acknowledge that the cosmetics, perfume in questions of whom and how. It is not only What actors were involved? What were their roles? and aromatic industry has taken the time up to industry to establish these parameters; The first initiative involved representatives to consider this internally and has begun it is also up to indigenous peoples. from the aromatic, perfume and cosmetics to take pioneering steps with a declaration industry; representatives from indigenous of good faith, which is a start. We hope that What did the process comprise? communities, both those with strategic alli- this will serve as an example for other indus- The process — and I don’t wish to leave out ances with businesses and those promoting tries to adopt similar initiatives. specific experiences — stems from prior the implementation of the recognized rights dealings between indigenous peoples and of indigenous peoples; and NGOs working I believe that it is not easy for businesses. businesses in the aromatic, perfume, and cos- on this issue and serving as facilitators for Sometimes during the meetings, business metics industry. This includes, for example, these engagements. interests figured especially prominently, the supply of raw material and business sup- but the indigenous presence countered this port from indigenous communities. Business was very involved in the second bias, balancing the dialogue and bringing it initiative. The participants were decision- back on track so that it could lead to serious The process also results from the recognition makers, the Natural Resources Stewardship and sustainable commitments. of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Circle of the Aromatic, Perfume and Cosmetics Industry, and entrepreneurs from indigenous communities. An important highlight was the one-day dialogue which took place between indigenous peoples and business owners in order to lay the founda- tions for direct and sustainable cooperation.
With whom did you work, and how and when did the work take place? I participated in two initiatives. The first was the Indigenous and Local Community, Business and Biodiversity Consultation, which took place in New York, USA, on 12 and 13 May 2009; this was organized by the NGO Tribal Link. The second was the cosmet- ics conference held in Grasse, France, from Indigenous women tinting wool with plants, Calcha, Bolivia (Photo Building a “pahuichi” house in Galilea, in the Cavineño courtesy of Johannes Stahl) community, Beni River, Bolivia (Photo courtesy of Johannes Stahl) 13 to 16 October 2009, which was organized
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and funded by the aromatic, perfume, and Can you tell us about your achievements? What observations or recommendations would you cosmetics industry. I think that a specific beneficial outcome make as a result of your experience? for indigenous peoples has been the crea- I believe that an important step has been Did you encounter any obstacles and how did you tion of a small fund to finance indigenous taken, mainly because business owners are overcome them? initiatives, which will primarily concern participating and are directly involved in this The second event sought to introduce the biodiversity. process. As indigenous peoples we must matter of patents. However, I think that busi- begin internal dialogue so that we can reach nesses are not yet ready to negotiate on this Amendments have also successfully been a consensus on the issue, even though some issue. This is still a question which many made to the Natural Resources Stewardship indigenous organizations do not fully agree businesses do not want to address. Circle Declaration (NRSCD). The NRSCD is with this type of approach. There should be important because it is a commitment to more such engagement with more specific When we talk about sharing benefits, impor- ethical practices made by the businesses objectives to ensure the progressive conclu- tant questions arise. With whom must themselves. sion of negotiations and unrestricted discus- these benefits be shared? To which indige- sion about the sharing of business benefits nous peoples does traditional knowledge What activities do you plan to organize in future? in cases where research based on indigen- belong? I believe that the issue needs to It is the businesses which can respond ous knowledge leads to the development be addressed and that we, as indigenous as to future activities. However, we, the of a product. There must be more dialogue peoples, must establish common ground indigenous peoples, wherever we are and more specific initiatives must be estab- among ourselves so that there can be no and wherever we can participate, will lished. This will allow us to learn more and to excuses on the part of business when the continue to demand the right to share define the basis for negotiations and future time comes to pay, share benefits, or other benefits and will continue to address the relations between indigenous peoples and such situations. patent issue. business.
(Website: www.planificacio.gov.bo)
By Alejandra The Legend of Coquena Arganaraz Coquena is the supernatural protector of the vicuñas in the Quechua folklore of the Puna de Atacama (Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia) Our grandparents tell us that Coquena roams the mountainous region of South America, watching over wild animals such as vicuñas and guanacos. When these creatures are badly injured, Coquena heals them. He also finds the best spots for them to graze so that they are healthy and well-fed. Coquena walks around unseen, but if a person tries to slay or harm a vicuña or guanaco, he suddenly appears to protect the animal. He is said to warn would-be hunters that they must only kill these mammals for sustenance and that they may only do so after first asking permission from Pachamama - Mother Earth. A curse befalls anyone who fails to heed this admonition. The indigenous peoples of the Andean region of South America know Coquena well. They thus respect vicuñas and take from them only what they need, always making sure to ask Pachamama’s permission so as not to raise the ire of Coquena.
Drawing by Alejandra Arganaraz
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Workshop on Forest Ecosystems
s part of the implementation of the Convention on Workshop III Biological Diversity’s Guidelines on Biodiversity and Tourism Development and the celebrations of the 2010 International Forest Ecosystems, Latin America and the Caribbean Region takes AYear of Biodiversity, the region of Latin America and the Caribbean place 6-8 April in Panama City, Panama, and gathers representatives (LAC) will host the next workshop of the series Indigenous of indigenous and local tourism organizations from 10 countries to Communities, Tourism and Biodiversity: New Information and Web- exchange information and improve their cultural and sustainable based Technologies. The Secretariat of the Convention is currently practices on biodiversity conservation within their communities and organizing the third workshop of this series in partnership with the their countries. Some 20 participants will take part in training activi- United Nations Environment Programme Regional Office for Latin ties using web-based tools to more effectively communicate the bio- America and the Caribbean (UNEP ROLAC) in Panama, with the support diversity concepts of their tourism products. of the Government of Spain. The focus of this third event is on forest basins in the LAC region, where several indigenous and local communi- More: www.cbd.int/tourism/ForestWorkshop.shtml ties have developed tourism products in and around forest areas.
(Photos courtesy of iStockphoto)
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2010 Indigenous Tourism Web Site Award Pachamama* ecognizing excellence in the sustainable use of biodiversity in tourism operated in areas man- Director of Publication: Ahmed Djoghlaf aged by indigenous and local communities, the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Executive Secretary
Diversity (CBD) in collaboration with the leading sustainable travel web portal Planeta.com, Article 8 (j) Editorial Team : Rand with the generous support of the Heidehof Foundation, has announced the winners of the sec- John Scott
Viviana Figueroa
and biodiversity conservation and complements the CBD workshop series on indigenous tourism, bio- Editor: Johan Hedlund
able rate of biodiversity loss.” We would like to hear from you:
We are encouraging indigenous and local By highlighting the world’s best indigenous and local community-owned and operated tourism ser- communities, governments, and relevant vices, the CBD Secretariat helps motivate operators worldwide to improve their online communica- stakeholders to send articles and digital photos on their implementation, awareness, outreach tion on biological and cultural diversity, highlight best practices in managing tourism and to raise and relevant activities regarding Article 8(j) and Related Provisions. Please send your operators and the public’s awareness on biodiversity. contributions to the attention of John Scott at the following email: [email protected]
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Secretariat of the Convention on Biolog- ical Diversity, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. This publication may be reproduced for educa- tional or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holders, pro- vided acknowledgement of the source is made. The CBD Secretariat would appreciate receiving a copy of any publications that uses this docu- ment as a source. Let’s save paper! Please consider reading on-screen.
Winner of the judged Winner of the popular count Secretariat of the 2010 ITBW Award 2010 ITBW Award Convention on Biological Diversity 413 Rue St. Jacques, Suite 800 Nutti Sami Siida (www.nutti.se), a company that arranges nature and TIME Unlimited Tours (www.newzealandtours.travel) from New Montréal, Québec, H2Y 1N9 Canada culture tours based on the Sami culture. Owners Nils Torbjörn Nutti and Zealand, operated by the Maori-European couple Ceillhe Tewhare Tel. +1-514-288-2220 Fax: +1-514-288-6588 Email: [email protected] Carina Pingi are both Sami from Gabna Sameby, Sweden. Teneti Hema Sperath and Néill Sperath, provide personalized and Web: www.cbd.int interactive Auckland and Maori Indigenous Cultural Tours. * Pachamama means Mother Earth (Pacha: Earth, Mama: Mother) in the Quecha /Aymara Other finalists were: languages. The Earth was a divinity vener- ated by the Incas and other inhabitants of the Brambuk National Park and Cultural Centre (www.brambuk.com.au) Squamish Lil’wat Cultural Centre (www.slcc.ca) Andean plateau such as the Aymara and the Quecha peoples. Kakadu Culture Camp (www.kakaduculturecamp.com) Te Urewera Treks (www.teureweratreks.co.nz) Chalalan Ecolodge (www.chalalan.com) Xe Pian National Protected Area (www.xepian.org) © CBD Secretariat 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Applications were received from 10 countries (Australia, Bolivia, Canada, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mexico, Micronesia, New Zealand, Pakistan and Sweden). Over 400 people cast their vote, examin- ing the 14 websites that fit the ambitious criteria set on Planeta.com’s wiki site (www.planeta.wikispaces.com/itbw). Additionally, a jury composed of six internationally recognized experts in indigenous and sustainable tourism voted using the same criteria. Winners will receive the award on 23 April 2010 at a tourism trade fair, the Reisepavillon, in Berlin. The Reisepavillon (www.reisepavillon-online.de) has, since 1991, been a global focal point for responsible tourism. The Secretariat of the CBD will organize, together with leading German tourism trade associations, an awards ceremony featuring the Executive Director of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and executives from Germany’s GTZ. The Secretariat will assist winners and runners up in meeting leading German operators and agents dedicated to sustainable tourism. Winners will also receive technical support and participate in a workshop, on 24 April 2010, on innovative Web 2.0 tools for marketing and communications, facilitated by Planeta.com founder Ron Mader. A publication about the award, its nominees, winners and the lessons learned, will be distributed at the event and posted online in April. More: www.cbd.int/tourism/wstour-01.shtml
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