United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Gateway National Recreation Area
FLORA 0Fl9_ATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA
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Division of Natural Resources and Compliance FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA
Approved Kevin Buckley General Superinte /
Reviewed Date Chi f, Division 0£ Resource Ma agement and Compliance
Written/Compiled t:it:rv:n/:f ~ Ag~
RobE?rt P. Cook Natural Resources Specialist
•Present Address New York Botanical Garden Bronx, NY 10458 TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ...... I ...... 1
FACTORS AFFECTING GATEWAY FLORA ...... •...... 2
FLORAL SURVEYS AT GATEWAY NRA ••...... •...... •••....•.•.• 3
HOW TO USE THIS LIST ...... ,. 4
SOURCE DOCUMENTS. • • • • • • • • ,, • • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. • • • • • • • " 8
LITERATURE CITED ...... 10
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 11
FLORAL LIST ...... • ••.• 12
l)' INTRODUCTION
Gateway National Recreation Area consists 0£ 26,645 acres of coastal uplands, freshwater ponds, marshes, bay, and mudflats. Established by the United States Congress in 1972 to preserve its significant natur.a-1 and recreattlJ..pal features, Gateway NRA lands constitute some of the largest anp most significant natural areas remaining in the metropolitan New York City area.
Geographically and administratively, Gateway NRA is divided into th@ Sandy Hook Unit, in Monmouth County, New Jersy; the Staten Island Unit, composed of Great Kills Park and Miller Field, Richmond County, New York; and the Jamaica Bay/Breezy Point Unit, in Kings and Queens Counties, New York. The Jamaica Bay/Breezy Point Unit ia further divided into the Breezy Point District
Floral inventory has been an ongoing activity at Gateway NRA since its establishment. The fallowing is a compilation of all floral inventory data for the entire park to date. Data are presented on a Unit/District basis, but it should be borne ~n mind that the distribution of many plant species may be highly localized. Some administrative Units/Districts of Gateway NRA consist of several sections, each with somewhat different histories and thus, somewhat different floras.
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FACTORS AFFECTING GATEWAY FLORA
The present flora of Gateway NRA is the product of both natural and human factors. Though there are no comprehensive floras which document the naturally-occurring flora for the entire park, there are a number of works which provide some detail of, or insight into, the original tlora of the Gateway area.
Chrysler <1930) studied the vegetation of Sandy Hook, describing five habitat types and listing 154 species. Since Sandy Hook is the most geographically discrete and least altered landform of all Gateway Uni ts, this work is an important .baseline. For the Staten Island and Jamaica Bay/Breezy Point Units, we have only larger scope regional works. Hallick and Britton C1879), Jelliffe <1899), Taylor (1915>, and Harper <1917) all include references to localities within the present-day boundaries of Gateway NRA. From these some sense of the original coastal plain flora can be obtained.
Based on these works, as well as historic maps and other research (eg. Baugher-Perlin and Bluefeld lSB©>, we know that most of the Staten Island and Jamaica Bay/Breezy Point Units ~ere originally salt marsh and sand dune habitats. In the course of the present century these have been altered through dredge spoil deposition and landfilling. On these human-created uplands, habitats such as freshwater marshes, grasslands, shrub thickets, and woodlands have developed. In addition to the native and naturalized alien species which have colonized these uplands. many species The net result at these sites is a flora much different than the original, though a detailed comparison is beyond the scope of this list. '~ 2 ------·--·-·-· FLORAL SURVEYS AT GATEWAY NRA In the years since 1974, when the National Park Service took over the operational management of Gateway NRA, many workers have surveyed it's flora. However, the magnitude of effort required to survey all Gateway sites through an entire growing season has prevented any one survey team from compiling a complete Gateway Flora. All previous surveys have been limited in either their geographic scope, amount of effort, or seasonality. Consequently, many species remain undocumented at Gateway sites. In addition, as a result of successional changes and colonization, the flora of Gateway is undoubtedly continuing to change. The following list is a compilation of all plant species recorded at Gateway NRA from 1975 to 1990, and is based on a number of site-specific lists and specimens in Gateway herbaria Besides listing what we do know about Gateway's flora, this list also serves to identify gaps in our knowledge and hopefully, can guide future survey and collecting efforts. Many absences indicated on this list may be due to insufficient survey work. A substantial number of species are listed by virtue of a visual record. While this is a first step in documenting a species• occurrence, a voucher specimen is far more desirable. In the case of rare or difficult to identify species, herbarium spec imens are essential. It is possible that some visual records are based on mis-identification. Without a specimen it is hard to know £or sure. Thus, besides documenting new species and site s pecif ic records, specimens should be collected for all those occurrences currently documented by sight records. An inability to obtain a specimen of a particular species, after adequate and proper searching, should result in its removal from this list. Since floral inventory is an on-going process, this list will be revised periodically to reflect more recent additions and deletions. All such changes or corrections should be reported to; Chief, Division of Resource Management and Compliance National Park Service Gateway National Recreation Area Floyd Bennett Field Brooklyn, NY 11234. 3 HOW TO USE TMii bl~T Flora of Gateway is a database file consisting of 14 data fields. The fields, their definitions, and the definitions of the values used within a data field are as follows. FAMILY, GENUS, SPECIES - These are taxonomic categories and the usual definitions apply. In this list they are arranged alphabet ically rather than in taxonomic order. Nomenclature and taxonomy follows that 0£ Mitchell <1986). Accompanying statements regarding the rarity of certain species ia based on Mitchell <1986) and is not necessarily a statement of 1 ~ rarity at Gateway. Mitchell's definitions are~ Rare - recorded 15 times or fewer in the state E - Endangered in state, T - Threatened in state 1,2,3 recommended priorities for protection, based on overall rarity and endangerment in the Nation. COMNAME - This is the common name(s) of a species. It does not necessarily reflect the only common name for a species, and generally reflects the common name used in this region. While common names are useful at times, because they lack standardiz ation, latin names should always be included. ORG - Origin, ie. whether a species is native or alien to the Gateway Area. The determination of a species' origin is based on several factors, and the definitions of the two categories used here CNative or Alien> are based upon National Park Service Management Policy Basically, if a species is considered (based on a review of relevant references> to be natively occurring in the Gateway area Ceg. a native coastal plain species of Long Island, Staten Island, or Sandy Hook) it is considered Native 4 FLOWERTIME - The flowering time corresponds to the months when a given species is in bloom. It may vary from year to year, and from site to site within the park. The list details the months for which flowering records exist for a given species. Addit~onal survey work is likely to indicate longer !lowering seasons for some of the species listed. The numeric values in this field correspond to the months of the year as follows; 1 = January, 2 = February, etc. COLOR Color indicates the estimated floral color of the plant. Variation within a species, as well as the clinal nature 0£ colors allows for some interpretation, and many species are listed for more than one color. Occasionally a species will have an occurrence of albinism, others might interbreed with cultivars and create unusual flower colors. This list only includes the common, or usual flower color for a species. Exceptions should be noted and a voucher specimen collected. GR = Green YL == Yellow BL = Blue OR == Orange WT = White PR = Purple RD = Red PK == Pink FORM - This is the growth£orm, describing the general growth habit of a species. Some species Ceg. poison ivy> may occur in more than one growth form. The categories used indicate the most commonly accepted growth forms £or this area, and are as follows; AH = Annual Herb BIH = Biennial Herb PH = Perennial Herb SB = Shrub V = Vine CT = Coniferous Tree DT = Deciduous Tree. HABITAT - Habitat is a description of the major plant associat ions~ based primarily on the structure of dominant species. This information is provided to give a general idea of the type of habitat a species may occur in at Gateway, and help guide future survey e££orts. A total of eight general categories are used. DN = Dune. Typically dominated by American beachgrass, seaside goldenrod, bayberry, beach plum, and herbaceous species. The soil base is sand. 5 DS : Disturbed. Typically areas which have had, and/or continue 2to be disturbed by human activities. The plant community is often a monoculture of one or two species. Disturbed areas are generally located near roads and buildings, and usually dominated by non-native species (eg. mugwort>. WD : Woodland. This habitat is dominated by trees 0£ varying sizes and species. The species composition may change with the age of the woodland. For example, at Floyd Bennett Field and Breezy Point the developing woodlands are composed of early successional species, a diverse mix of short-lived species such as grey birch, black cherry, sumac, and various poplars. In a mature forest, such as on Sandy Hook, there are primarily slow growing, long lived species such as American holly. GS = Grassland. As the name implies, the dominant species of this habitat are grasses and herbs. At Gateway, the major species are little bluestem, tall redtop, switch grass, panic grass, and fecsue. Generally the height of grassland species does not exceed five feet. Monocultures of Phragmites are not considered grass lands. SM = Salt Marsh. Plants associated with a salt marsh are subject to tidal and storm driven inundation by salt water, and have special adaptations. The dominant species at Gateway are Spartina alterniflora, ~- pater}_§_, and Salicornia sp. FM = Freshwater Marsh. Permanent or season~lly wet areas dominat ed by herbaceous hydrophytic species such as sedges, rushes, cattails, and Phragmites. SH = Shrub thicket. Shrub thickets consist of dense stands of woody species occuring as a transition (both in time and space) between grasslands and woodlands. At Gateway the typical domin ants are bayberry, winged sumac, poison ivy, blackberry, olives, and red cedar. LN = Landscape. This consists of landscapes actively managed as lawns, gardens, flower beds, and foundation plantings. The dominant species vary depending on purpose of planting. This habitat is generally associated with buildings, entranceways, and sections of the park developed for high density visitation. Habitat restoration plantings within natural areas are not considered landscape plantings. SH, SI, BP, WR, JB. Units/Districts ox Gateway. As detaiied in the introduction, Gateway is administratively divided into five units/districts. These five data fields detail the known occur ence of a given species in each of the five units/districts. The data fields are as follows; 6 SH = Sandy Hook Unit SI = Staten Island Unit BP = Breezy Point District WR = Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge JB = Jamaica~Bay District. The values used within these five fields are, V = visual record, H = Herbarium specimen in Gateway Herbarium, Floyd Bennett Field H+ = Herbarium specimen in Gateway Herbarium, Sandy Hook HA = Herbarium specimen in both herbariums While this database is presently limited to recording the occurrence of plant species on a Unit/District basis, the potential exists for expanding it to provide this information at a finer level of resolution. This can be accomplished by creating additional location fields for more specific sites within Gateway and utilizing source documents, herbarium specimens, and future work to produce more site-specific floral lists. < t 7 SOURCE DOCUMENTS The Flora of Gateway is a compendium of published works, scient ific reports, and survey lists from National Park Service files known to the compilers. It is based on the following. Anonymous. 1975. List of plants occurring at Great Kills Park. Gateway NRA. Gateway Files. 4pp. ,,J Anonymous. 1976. Continuation of plant species at Great Kills Park, Gateway NRA. Gateway Files. lpp. Anonymous. 1978. Continuation list of plant species, Geat Kills Park. Gateway Files. 2pp. Anonymous. 1979. Continuation list of plant species, Great Kills Park. Gateway Files. lpp. Anonymous. 1987. Annual vascular flora list update, Gateway National Recreation Area. Gateway Files. 12 pp. Bridges, J.T. 1976. Vegetation survey, soils map, and estimate of plant health conditions at Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge. National Park Service-New York Botanical Garden Cooperative Research Unit, Bronx, NY. 108pp. Cook, R.P. (compiler) 1984. Flora of Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge. Gateway Files. 24pp. Greller, A.M. 1984. Additions to flora of Gateway NRA, Floyd Bennett Field and recommendations for floral management. Gateway Files. 7pp. Hickman, J. 1985. Wildflower list for Sandy Hook. Gateway Files 9pp. NPS. 1980. Floyd Bennett Field, Gateway National Recreation ,, Area: Environmental inventory and preliminary land use program. National Park Service, Denver Service Center, Denver, CO. 313pp . .~ NPS. 1982. Gateway National Recreation Area Herbarium files. NPS. 1989. Sandy Hook Unit Herbarium files. Riepe, D., Cook, R., and J. Ash. 1981. Wildflowers and ferns recorded at Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge 1979, 80, 81. 4pp in Gateway National Recreation Area, Resources Management Plan, National Park Service, Brooklyn, NY 8 Stalter, R., Cerniglia, P., Venezia, K., and R. Schmidt. 1982. Some botanical observations 0£ the Swamp White Oak Forest, Staten Island Unit, Gateway National Recreation Area. Gateway Files 12pp. Venezia, K. 1982. Investigation into the botanical diversity 0£ the North 40 area 0£ Floyd Bennett Field. Gateway Institute £or Natural Resources Sciences 1<1>:1-24. Venezia, K. 1990. Flora 0£ Gateway National Recreation Area. Gateway Files. 24 pp. 9 LITERATURE CITED Baugher-Perlin, S. and Bluefeld, F. 1980. A background study of historic land use of the Gateway National Recreation Area, Staten Island Unit. Staten Island Inst, Arts and Sciences. 132 pp. Chrysler, M.A. 1930. The origin and development of the vegetation of Sandy Hook. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 57:163-176. Harper, R.M. 1917. The natural vegetation of western Long Island ~ south of the terminal moraine. Torreya 17Cl):l-13. ..... Hallick, A. and Britton, N.L. 1879. The flora of Richmond County, New York. Privately Published, Staten Island, NY. 37 pp. Jelliffe, S.E., 1899. The flora of Long Island. New Era Printing Co., Lancaster, PA. 160 pp. Mitchell, R.S. 1986. A checklist of New York State Plants. NY State Mus. Bull. 458. 272 pp. NPS. 1988. Management Policies. Management of the National Park System. U.S.Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Washington, DC. Taylor. N. 1915. Flora of the vicinity of New York. Mem. NY Botanical Garden, 5:1-683. \ . 10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The production of this list is not the accomplishment of any one person. The information it contains represents the results of fifteen years of floral observation and inventory by many people throughout Gateway's many sites. Without the field work 0£ Jim Ash, Dr. Joseph Bridges, Paul Cerniglia, Margaret DePalma, Alfred Farrugia, Mike Feller, Dr. Andrew Greller, Mary Hake, Lori Leonardi, Jean McArthur, Clive Pinnock, Don Riepe, M.J. Shaun essey, and Dr. Richard Stalter this list would not have been possible. Dr. Andrew Greller, Dr. Richard Stalter, and Dr. Charles Sheviak have, over the years, been extremely helpful in verifying specimens in the Gateway Herbarium. Dr. Greller has also contrib uted many specimens to the herbarium. At Sandy Hook, Jean McArthur has been singularly important in developing and curating that Unit's herbarium. A number of Gateway staff helped in setting up this database and working out many technical computer problems. Cheryl Green, Teresa Paster, Dave Avrin, Rich Clark, Jennifer Campbell, Gail Diamond, Cindy Fredo, and Friends of Gateway's Katerina Galacatos all shared their computer skills, enabling us to organize the data produced by the field workers. Each of the Unit Superintendents and their staff, over the years, have cooperated to £acilitate and assist in the field work. Additional comment and information was provided by the following people, all of whom have helped in the understanding of native plants here at Gateway; Dr. C~cle Lumer, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, Natural Resources Group, Dr. Richard Mitchell, New York State Botanist, Dr. Andrew Greller, Queens College, Dr. Henry Art, Williams College, Dr. Robert Zaremba, New York Field Office of The Nature Conservancy, Mr. Peter Zika, New York State Heritage Program, and Mr. David Snyder, New Jersey Heritage Program. They each have provided information and encouragement throughout this proc~ss. Victoria Jahn of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden provided access to their library and ' ' assistance with historic literature. Dr. John T. Tanacredi, Chief of Gateway's Division of Resource Management and Compliance has, over the years, been directly responsible for conceiving and facilitating many 0£ the surveys incorporated herein. Without his efforts, support, and guidance this compilation would not be possible. 11 • 1 Page No. 12 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATIOH AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT Sil Sl BP WR JS ** FAMILY ACERACEAE Acer negundo BOX ELDER N 4,S GR DT 1,11) H Acer platanoides NORWAY MAPLE A 4,5 Yl DT WD,LN H* v v Acer pseudoplatanus SYCAMORE MAPLE A 4,5 GR,YL OT IJO,LD v v H H Acer rub rum RED MAPLE N 3,4,5 RD DT IJD H* v H H Acer rubrum var. trilobum RED MAPLE A 4,5 RO OT v v Acer saccharinum SILVER MAPLE A 4,5,6 GR,RD DT LN,WD v H H H ** fAMILY AGAVACEAE Yucca flaccida YUCCA, ADAH'S NEEDLE N 6 PH DS,DN,LN v v v v v ** FAMILY AHARANlHACEAE Amaranthus albus TUMBLEWEED A 6.7,8 GR,WT AH DS,DN,GS v v Amaranthus blitum LIVID AMARANTH A 5,6,7 GR,llT AH DS,DN,SM v Amaranthus crispus AMARANTH A 8,9 GR PH DN,DS H Amaranthus hybridus PRINCE'S FEATHER A GR,RD PH DS II v Amar an thus retroflexus PIGllEED, REDROOT A PH OS v H v H Freel ichia grad l is COTTONWEEO A GR PH DS,GS,DN v H H ** FAMILY ANACARDIACEAE Rh us aromatica FRAGRANT SUMAC N 4,5 WT SB os,ON,SH H* v v v v Rh vs copa Ll i rn.rn DWARF SUKAC, ~lNGEO SUMAC N 6,7 RD SB SH,l>N,!>S H v v II H Rh us glabra SMOOTH SUMAC N 6,7 RO SB SH,DS,DN H* H v Rh us typhina STAGl!ORN SUMAC N 6,7 \JT SB SH,DN,DS II* v H v Toxicodendron radicans POISON IVY,PIOSON OAK N 6,7 WT V,SB DS,DN,SH,IJD H v v v v ** FAMILY APlACEAE Daucus carota QUEEN ANN'S lACE,WilO CARROT A 4,5,6,7,8,9 WT BIH DS,ON,GS H* v v H H Pastinaca sativa WILD PARSNIP A 5,6,7,8,9 YL BJH DS,ON H* H Pt i I imni Lml capillaceU11 MOCK BISHOP'S WEED N 6,7,8,9,10 WT AH FM v H Page No. 13 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEIJAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JS ** FAMILY APOCYNACEAE Apocynum cannab1nun INDIAN HEMP II 6,7,8,9,10 IJll,PK PH DS,WO,GS ll* ll v H H Apocynum cannabinllll var.canabinum INDIAN HEMP N 6,7,8,9, 10 PH DS,W,DN v Apocynum medium INTERMEDIATE DOGBANE N v Vinca minor PERI\JINKLE A 4,5,6,7 BL,PR v SH,Wl>,DS,LN H* H ** FAMILY AQUlFOLIACEAE I lex glabra INKBERRY N 6,7,8 SS WO H* v v v !lex opaca AMERICAN HOLLY N 5,6,7 er IJP,DN H v ii v Ilex vertici l lata BLACKALDER, WINTERBERRY II S,6,7 \.IT SS WD,DN v v v ** FAMILY ARACEAE Peltandra virginica ARROW ARUM, TUCKAHOE,ARROWLEAF N 4,5,6 \JT, GR PH \4D, FM H ** FAMILY ARALJACEAE Aral ia nudicaul is WILD SARSAPARILLA N 5,6,7 PH WD H* v Aral ia spinosa HERCULE 1 S CLUB N DT \JD v "'"' FAMILY ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias incarnata SWAMP MILKWEED N 6,7,8 PK,RO Pit DS,GS,ON v v H H Asc:lepias i ncarnata var. pulchra HAIRY MILKWEED N 5,6,7,8 PK,RD PK DS,DN,GS H Asclepias purpurascens {RARE) PURPLE MILKWEED N 5,6,7 PR PK ON,DS,GS v H Asclepias syriaca COMMON MILKWEED N 6,7,8 PH DS,DN,GS,\JO H* v v H H Asclepias tuberosa BUTTERFLYIJEED,ORANGE MllKWEED N 6,7,8,9 OR PK DN,GS,LN,DS H* v v ff v ** FAMILY ASPLENIACEAE Athyrium asplenioides LADY FERN N 6 GR Pff llD,FM v Cystopteris fragilis COMMON FRAGILE FERN N 7 GR PH FM,LIO H Lorinseria areolata NETTED CHAINFERN N GR PK WO H Page No. 14 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COHN AME ORG FLOIJERTI ME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP \IR JS onoclea sensiblis SENSITIVE FERN N 4,5,6 GR PH FM,1.'0,DS 11* v H v Tl'lelypteris palustris HARSH FERN N 4,5,6,7 GR PH FH,WD,DS H* H Tl'lel ypteri s sirrulata MASSACHUSETTS FERN N 6 GR PK FM,IJD,SH v II ** FAMILY ASTERACEAE Acl'lil lea millefoli1.111 COMMON YARROW,YARROW A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 WT,PK PH DS,GS,LN H* v v H H Ambrosia artemesifolia RAGWEED N 5,6,7,8,9, 10 GR AH OS,GS,ON H* v v H H Ambrosia trifida GIANT RAGWEED N 7,8,9, 10 GR AH OS,GS,DN H H Anaphal is margaritacea PEARLY EVERLASTING N 7,8,9 WT PH DN,GS,DS v v v Anthemis arvensis FIELD CHAMOMILLE,CHAMOMILE A 5,6,7,8,9 YL AH OS,GS,DN v v H H Anthemis cotula DOGWEED,ST!NKING CHAMOMILLE A 5,6,7,8,9, 10 WT,YL AH DS,DN,GS v v v v Anthemis tinctoria YELLOW CHAMOMILLE A 5,6,7 YL PH os,DN,GS v v Arctium Lappa GREAT BURDOCK, BURDOCK A 8,9, 10 PK,PR AH OS,GS,DN H Artemisia annua ANNUAL WORMWOOD A 7,8,9, 10, t1 GR,IJT AH OS,DN,GS H Artemisia campestris caudata (RARE) TALL WORMWOOD N 7,B,9, 10, 11 GR PH OS H* H Artemisia stel lariana DUSTY MILLER A 5,6,7,8,9 YL PH OS,GS,DN H* v H v v Artemisia vulgaris MUGWORT A 7,8,9, 10 GR PH OS,GS,DN v H H H v Aster divaricatus WHITE WOOO ASTER N 7,8,9, 10, 11 WT PH SH,WD,DS H* Aster dumosus BUSHY ASTER,RICE BUTTON ASTER N 7,8,9,10 PH ON,Ds v Aster ericoides HEATH ASTER N 7,8,9,10 llT,BL PH DN,DS v H v Aster lanceolatus TALL WHITE ASTER N 7,B,9,10 llT,PR PH DS,FM H Aster novi ·belgli NEW YORK ASTER N B,9 BL,WT DS,FM H Aster p\losus ASTER N 7,8,9, 10 PK,PR PH DS,DN v v H Aster tenuifol ius ANNUAL SALT HARSH ASTER N 7,8,9, 10 PK,PR PH DN,SM,DS v H Aster vimineus (RARE) SMALL WHITE ASTER N 7,8,9,10 WT PH DN,SM,DS v Baccharis l'lal imifolia GROUNDSEL TREE N 8,9,10,11 WT,GR PH OS, SM, GS H* v H H Birilens bipinnata SPANISH NEEDLES N 8,9, 10 YL PH ON,SM,Os v H H Bi dens corona ta BEGGERS TICK N 8,9, 10 YL BJH DS,DN,FM v Bi dens frondosa BEGGERTICK,STICKTIGHT N 6,7,8,9, 10 GR AH DS,SM,GS H Bi dens laevis (RARE) BEGGERS TICK N 8,9, 10, 11 Yl PH DS,DN,FM v v Page No. 15 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPEC JES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH Sl BP WR JB Centauree cyanus CORN FLOlolER,BACHELOR'S BUTTON A 5,6,7,8,9, 10 BL AH DS v v Centaurea maculosa SP01TED KNA.PWEED A 6,7,8,9,10 BL,PR BIH DS,DN,GS v v v H H Cichorillfl intyb.Js CHJCORY A 7,8,9, 10 BL,PR PH DS,DN,GS H* v v H H Ci rsiun arvense CANADA THISTLE A 7,8,9, 10 PK,PR Pl\ DS,DN,GS H"' H v cirsiun mut i cum SWAMP-THISTLE N 7,8,9,10 PIC,PR PH DS,FM,GS H Ci rs il.111 pumilum PASTURE THJSTLE N 6,7,8 PR BIH DS,GS H* Cirsiun vulgare BULL THISTLE, COMMON THISTLE A 6,7,8,9,10 PK,PR PH DS,FM,GS v v H Conyza canadensis var. canadensis HORSEllEED N 8,9, 10, 11 Yl AH DS H"' v Coreopsis lanceolata LANCED LEAF COREO?SlS A 6,7,8,9,10,11 YL PH DS,LN,DN H"' v v v coreopsis verticilata COREOPSIS A 6, 7,8,9, 10, 11 YL PH DS,LN,DN v v v v crepis tectorum HA\IK'S BEARD A 5,6,7 YL PH OS,DN v Erechtites hieracifolia FIREWEED,PILEWORT N 8,9,10 YL,WT PH DS,ON,SM v v H Erigeron annuus DAISY FLEA.BANE N 6,7,8,9,10 WT All DS,GS,SH H* v v H H Edgeron phi ladelphlcus COMMON FLEA.BANE N 6,7,8,9,10 WT,PK BIH OS,GS,SH H H Erigeron pul ch el lus FLEABANE,ROBIN'S PLANTAIN N 6,7,8,9,10 WT,PK BIH OS, GS, SH H v Erigeron strigosus FLEABANE N 6,7,8,9,,0 WT,PK AH OS, GS, SH II* H Eupatorilfll dubium JOE PYE WEEO,PURPLE BONESET N 7,8,9,10 PR PH SM,DN,DS v H Eupa tor il.111 fistulosum HOLLOW JOE PYE WEED N 7,8,9 PR PH DS,DN,SM v Eupatorilill hyssop i fol i l.lTl HYSSOP-LEAVED THOROUGHWORT N 6,7,8,9,10 PK,WT PH DS,GS,SH v v H H Eupatorilill leucolepis (RARE,E-3) IJHITE BONESET N 6,7,8,9 WT PH SM,DS,DM v Eupatoril.Jll maculatum SPOTTED JOE PYE WEED N 6,7,8,9,10 PR,PK PH DS,GS,SH v H H Eupatori1,.111 perfol iatum BONESET,THOROIJGHUORT N 7,8,9,10 WT PH SM,FM,DS,DN v H v Eupatoriun rotundifolium var. rotund i to Li um ROUND LEAF BONESET II 6,7,8,9,10 WT,PK PH DS,GS,Sll H v Eupatorium rotundifolium var. saundersii ROUND LEAF BONESET N WT PH H EupatoriLlll rugosum WH !TE SNAKEROOT N 6, 7,8,9, 10 WT PH DS,WD,SH H* H H Eupator\Llll sero.tinum JOE PYE WEED A 8,9, 10. WT PH SM,FM,DS,ON v Euthamia graminifol ia FLAT TOP GOLDENROO N 5,6,7 YL PH DS,DN H H Euthamia tenuifol ia SLENDER FRAGRANT GOLDENROD N 7,8,9,10 YL PH DN,DS v v v H H Gail lardia aristata GAILLARD IA, BLANKET FLOWER A 7,8,9,10 OR,YL AH OS,GS H v Gal insoga ci l iata OUICKWEED A 5,6,7,8,9, 10, 11 WT PH SM,OS,ON v ... Page No. 16 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTlME COLOR FORM HABlTAT SH SI BP WR JB Gal insoga parviflora GALINSOGA,QUICK\IEED A 4,5,6,7,8,9, 10,11 WT AH OS H Gnapha l il.111 obtus i fol i tan CUD WEED N 6,7,8,9,10 WT,YL AH OS,GS,Sil H* v ii H Hel ianthus annuus COMMON SUNFLOWER A 7,8,9,10 YL AH DS,GS,SH H* H v Helianthus petiolaris SUNFLOWER A 7,8,9 YL AH DS,ON v v Hel ianthus tuberosus JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE A 5,6,7 YL PH DS,DN v v Heliopsis hel ianthoides OX-EYE N 7,8,9 YL,WT PH DS,ON,LN H* v Heterotheca subaxi LLaris CAMPHORWEED A 7,8,9,10 YL AH DS,GS H* v H H Hieracium aurantiacum KING DEVIL, ORANGE HAWKWEED A 5,6,7,8,9 YL AH DS,DN v v v v Hieracillll caespitosum FIELD HAWKWEED,KING DEVIL A 5,6, 7,8,9, 10 YL PH DS,GS H* v H H Hieracium floribundum SMOOTH HAYKWEED A 6,7,8,9,10 YL PH DS,GS H* H IHeracium venosum HAWKWEED,RATTLESNAKE WEED N 5,6,7 YL AH DS,DN v v Hypochaeris radicata CAT'S EAR DANDELION,OANDELION A 5,6, 7,8,9, 10, 11 YL PH OS,GS H* v v v H Iva frutescens MARSH ELDER N 8,9, 10, 11 GR,WT PH DN,SM,DS H* v v v H Krigia vi rgi nica DWARF DANDELION N 5,6,7 YL AH DS,ON v Lactuca canadensis \H LO LETTUCE N 7,8,9, 10, 11 YL AH OS,DN v H v Lactuca serial a PRICKLY LETTUCE A 5,6, 7 YL AH DS,ON H* H Leucanthenun vulgare OX-EYE DAISY A 5,6,7,8,9,10 WT PH DS,DN,GS H* v v H H Matricaria martricarioides PINEAPPLE WEED A 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL AH DS,ON H* v H H v Matricaria recutita WILD CHAMOMILE A 5,6,7 YL AH DS,DN v Mikania scandens CLIMBING HEMP~EED N 7,8,9, 10 WT,PK v FM,DS v H Pityopsis falcata SICKLE-LEAVED GOLDEN ASTER N 7,8,9,10 YL PH OS,DN,GS H H Pluchea odorata SALT MARCH FLEABANE N 8,9,10 PK,PR AH SM,DN H* H H Rudbeckia hirta BLACK-EYED SUSAN A 7,8,9, 10 Yl PH OS,LN 11• v v H H Senecio aureus GROUNDSEL,GOLDEN RAGWORT N 5,6,7 YL PH OS,DN v Solidago arguta CUT-LEAF GOLDENROD N 7,8,9,10 YL PH DN,OS v H Solidago canadensis CANADA GOLOENROO N 5,6,7 YL PH OS,DN H Solidago el Liotti (RARE) ELLIOT'S GOLDENROD N 5,6, 7 YL PH OS,ON v Sol idago juncea EARLY GOLDENROD N 7,8,9,10 YL PH ON,OS H" v v H H Solidago nemoral is GREY GOLDENROD N 7,8,9,10 YL PH DN,GS,DS H H Sol idago rugosa ROUGH STEMMED GOLDENROD N 5,6, 7 YL PH DS,DN v v Page No. 1 7 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COHNAHE ORG FLOWERTJME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB ,___§P. l i daso sempervirens SEASIDE GOLDENROO N 7,8,9,10 YL PH DN,DS H* v v H H Sol idago ul iginosa SWAMP GOLDENROO N 7,8,9,10 YL PH DN,DS H Son ch us arvensis SO\,/ THISTLE,MILK THISTLE A 7,8,9, 10 YL PH DN,OS H H Sonchus oleraceus SO\,/ THISTLE A 5,6,7 YL AH OS,DN v Taraxac1.111 officinale COMMON DANDELION,DANDELION A 3,4,S,6,7,8,9,10,11 YL PH DN,DS,LN H* v H H H Tragopogon dubius OYSTER PLANT,GOAT'S BEARD A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 YL BIH DS,ON v v v H v Tragopogon porrifol ius SALSIFY, VEGETABLE OYSTER A 5,6,7 YL BIH DS,DN v Tragopogon pratensis GOl\T'S BEARD A 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL BIH DS,DN H* v v v H Xanthh.m strl.lllarium var. canadense BEACH COCKLEBUR,SEA BURDOCK N 6,7,8,9, 10 YL PH SM,DS,ON H* v v H H Xanthium strumarium var. glabratum CLOT BUR N 6,9 v Xanthium strumarium var. strllllaruim BEl\CH COCKLEBUR,SEA BURDOCK A 6,7,8,9,10 YL PH SM,OS,ON v v v H ** FAMILY BERBERIDACEAE Berber is thunbergii JAPANESE BARBERRY A 5 Yl SB SH,WO,DS H* v v v Berber is vulgaris COMMON BARBERRY A 5 YL SB SH,WD,DS H* v v ** FAMILY BETULACEAE Al nus glutinosa EUROPEAN BLACK ALDER A 4,5 WT SB,D WO H H Betula popul ifoli a GREY BIRCH,WHITE BIRCH N 4,5 GR,YL OT WD,DS,LO H* H H H v ** FAMILY BIGNONIACEAE Ca1Jl>5is radicans TRUMPET CREEPER A 7,8 RD,OR v WO H* H Catalpa bignonioides CATALPA TREE A 5,6 WT, YL DT H* v *~ FAMILY BORAGlMACEAE Echiun vulgare BLUE \.IEEO A 6,7,8,9, 10 BL,PR PH DS,GS H* H v v M.yosotis arvensis FORGET-ME-NOT A 4,5,6,7,8,9 BL,WT BIH DS,DN H Hyosotis laxa SMALLER FORGET-ME-NOT N 5,6,7,B,9 Bl PH DS,LN,GS H* H I. i .'' Page No. 18 Ol/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COHPJlED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AHD ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB ** FAMILY BRASSICACEAE Alliaria petiolata GARLIC MUST ARD A 5,6,7 \IT BIH DS H1r Arabi dops is thaliana MOUSE-EAR CRESS A 4,5,6,7 llT AH Ds,DN v H Arabis hirsuta HAIRY ROCK CRESS N 5,6,7 WT ,YL BIH Ds,DN v Arabis Lyrata LYRE·lEAF ROCK CRESS N 5,6,7 WT,YL BIH Ds,DN H1r Barbarea verna BLACK MUSTARD A 4,5,6 YL AH DS,DN,GS H* v H Barbarea vulgar is EARLY WINTER CRESS,CRESS A 4,5,6,7 YL AH DS,DN v H H Berteroa incana HOARY ALYSSUM A 4,5,6,7 WT,YL AH os,DN v H Brassi ca nigra BLACK MUSTARD A 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL AH os,Gs H* Brassica rapa CHINESE HEMP,INDIAN MUSTARD A 4,5,6,7,8,9 WT,YL AH Ds,DN H* H Cakile edentula SEA ROCKET N 6,7,8,9 PR,PK PH SM,DN H* v H H Camel ina sativa DUTCH FLAX A 4,5,6,7 YL AH DS,DN H Capsel la bursa·pastoris SHEPHERD'S PURSE A 4,5,6,7,8,9 WT AH DS,DN H* v H H H cardamine bulbosa WATER CRESS,B!TTER CRESS N 4,5,6 WT,YL PH WO,FM,DS H* v Draba verna WHITLOW GRASS A 4,5,6,7,8,9 WT AH Ds,DN H* v H H H Lepidium campest re FIELD MUSTARD, MUSTARD A 4,5,6,7,8,9 WT,YL AH DS,DN v H Lepidium virginicum POOR MAN'S PEPPER N 4,5,6,7,8,9 llT ,YL AH DS,DN H* H H Lunaria annua SATIN FLOWER,HONESTY PLANT A 5,6,7 llT AH DS,LN H Raphanus raphani strum JOINTED CHARLOCK, WILD RADISH A 6,7,8 llT ,YL AH DS,GS H* H Sisymbrium altissimum TUMBLING MUSTARD A 6,7,8 Yl AH DS,DN H Sisymbrium officinale HEDGE-MUSTARD A 6,7 YL AH DS,DN,GS If Thlaspi arvense PENNY CRESS A 4,5,6,7 WT AH Ds v ** FAMILY CACTACEAE Op1.mtia hlflli fusa PRICKLY PEAR CACTUS N 5,6 Yl PH DN,SM W' v v v ** FAMILY CAE SALP IN I ACEAE Cassia chamaecrista PARTRIDGE PEA, LOCUST WEED N 7,8,9 YL AH DS,DN H* v v v cassia nictitans WILD SENSITIVE PLANT N 7,8,9 Yl Alf Df.l,OS v v v K Gleditsia triacanthos HONEY LOCUST N OT H* !I .. Page No. 1 9 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP Ill!. JB ** FAMILY CAMPANULACEAE Triodanis perfol iata VENUS' LOOKING GLASS N 5,6 PR AH DS,DN,GS H* v v H v ** FAMILY CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera japonica JAPANESE HONEYSUCKLE A 5,6,7,8,9 WT, YL v ST ,WO OS v H v H v Lonicera morrowi FLY llONEYS\JCKLE A 5,6 WT,YL v SH,WD H Lonicera tatarica TATARIAN HONEYSUCKLE A 5,6 WT,PK SB SH,WD,DS v Sambucus canadensis COMMON ELDER N 5,6 WT SB SH,DS,DN. H* It v H v Sambucus racemosa ssp. pubins RED ELDERBERRY A 5,6 I.IT SB SH,DN,DS v v v v H S~oricarpos albus SNOWBERRY N 5,6 WT,PK SB SH,LN,DS v s~oricarpos orbiculatus CORAL BERRY,lNDlAN CURRENT A 6,7,8 WT,PK SB SH,LN,DS v Viburm.rn acerifoliU11 MAPLE LEAF VIBURNUM N 5,6 WT SB,D SH,LN,DS v v v ViburnlAll dentatl.111 var.Lucidl.111 ARROWOOD N 5,6,7 WT SB,O SH,fM,OS H" H v H v ViburnlAll molle BLACK ALDER A 5,6 WT ss,o SH,LN,DS v Viburm.rn opulus ARROWWOOD A 6,7 WT SB,D SH,FH,DS v Viburnllll pruni fol han BLACK HAW N 4,5 WT SB,D SH,LN,DS v ViburnlAll trilobun CRANBERRY BUSH VIBURNUM N 6,7 WT SB WD,FM,DS v Weigel as japonica WIEGELA A II ** FAMILY CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria caroliniana SAND WORT N 5,6 PK PH DN v v Arenaria serpyl l i fol i a THYME-LEAF SAND\JORT A 5,6,7,8,9 WT,PK AH DS,DN H Cerastil.rn arvense FIELD CHICKWEED A 4,5,6,7,8,9, 10 WT,PK. PH OS H Cerastillll fontamrn MOUSE-EARED CHICKWEED A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 WT PH OS,GS,LN H H H Dianthus armeria DEPTFORD PINK A 6,7,8 PK BIH GS,DS H* v H v Honkenya peploides SEA BEACH SANOWORT N 6,7 PK PH DN,SM v v Lychnis alba EVENING LYCHNIS,WHITE CHAMPION A 5,6,7,8 WT,PK PH DS,FM,GS H* H H Lychnis coronaria MULLEIN PINK, ROSE CHAMPION A 6,7,8,9 PK PH Lt.I v v v Petrorhagia prolifer CHILDING PINK A 4,5,6,7,8,9 PK AH DS,GS,DN v H .•. Page No. 2 Q 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COHNAME ORG FLD'.IERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB saponaria offi cinal is BOUNCING BET,SOAPWORT A 5,6,7,8,9 WT,PK PH OS H* v v H H scleranthus annuus KNAWEL A 6,7,8 WT AH OS H* H H silene anti rrh i na CAMPION,SLEEPY CATCHFLY N 6,7,8,9 PK AH DN,DS v v v Si lene dichotoma FORKED CATCHFLY, CAMPION A 6,7,8,9 PK,WT AH OS H Si Lene noctiflora NIGHT FLOWERING CATCHFLY A 6,7,8,9 PK AH DN,OS H* v v Si Lene vulgaris BLADDER CAMPION A 6,7,8 WT,PK PH OS v H !I Spergularia marina SALT MARSH SAND SPURREY N 6,7,8,9 PK,WT PH DN,SM,OS HA v v H v Stel laria crassifol ia CHICKWEED A 6,7,8,9 PK,WT PH OS,GS,ON v H v v v Stel laria graminea CHICKWEED,LESSER STITCHWORT A 5,6,7,8 PK PH DS,ON v v v Stel laria longipes LONG LEAVED CHICKWEED N 5,6,7,8 PK PH GS,DS,DN v Stellaria media CHICKWEED A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 PK AH OS, GS,DN H* v ** FAMILY CELASTRACEAE Celastrus orbiculatus ORIENTAL BITTERSWEET A 5,6,7,8 WT,YL V,SB DS,DN ,WD, SH H v v H Celastrus scandens AMERICAN CLIMBING BITTERSWEET N 5,6,7,8,9 WT,YL V,SB DS,WD,SH v v EuonynJJs kiautschovicus SPREADING EUONYMUS A SB LN v ** FAMILY CHENOPODlACEAE Atriplex arenaria (RARE) SEA BLITE,ATRIPLEX N GR PH DN,SM v v H Atriplex pa tu la SPEARSCALE,ATRIPLEX N GR PH DN,SM,DS H* v H H Bassi a hirsute HAIRY SEABLITE A AH ON,DS H* v Chenopodiun al bl.In LAMB'S QUARTERS A 5,6,7,8,9, 10 IH,GR AH DS,GS, v v v H H Chenopodiun ambrosi aides MEXICAN TEA,WORMSEED A 6,7 GR,RO AH DS,GS,DN v H Chenopodiun dessicatUl1 NARROW LEAF GOOSEFOOT A 5,6,7 GR,WT AH DN,DS,SM v v chenopodhrn glauc1.111 OAK LEAVE GOOSEFOOT A 5,6,7 GR,WT AH DS,DN v Chenopodiun hybridun MAPLE LEAF GOOSEFOOT A 5,6, 7 GR,WT AH DS,ON v v v chenopodiun rub run (RARE) RED GOOSEFOOT,COAST BLITE N 6,7,8 RD AH OS,SH v H cycloloma at r i pl i ci fol h.rn WINGED PrG\JEED A 6,7,8,9 GR PH DN,SM,DS H* v v H H Eurotia Lanata AMERICAN EUROTIA,WHITE SAGE N H H Kochia scoparia KOCHIA,SUMMER CYPRESS A 7,8 RD AH LN,OS v Page No. 2 1 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLO\.IERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SJ BP llR JB Salicornia europaea COMMON GLASSllORT N 7,8,9 GR AH SM H" v v v H Salicornia virginica GLASSWORT N 7,8,9 GR,WT PH SM,DN,DS H* v Salsola kal i SALT\.IORT,RUSSJAN THISTLE A 7,8,9 GR AH SM,DN H* v v H H suaeda li neari s SEA BUTE N 7,8,9 GR AH SH,DN v H Suaeda maritima LESSER SEA BLITE N 7,8,9 GR AH SM,DN H* v H H ** FAMILY CISTACEAE Hudson la ericoides GOLDEN HEATHER,HUDSONIA N 5,6,7 YL PH DN,SM H* v Hudsonia tomentosa FALSE BEACH HEATHER N 5,6,7,8 YL PH ON H* v H H Lech ea maritima PINWEED N 7,8,9 RD PH DN,SM H* v v H H ** FA~ILY CLUSfACEAE Hyperic1.111 iruti !um OllARF ST. JOHNS\.IORT N 7,8,9 YL PH GS,ON,OS H* v v H v Hyperic1.111 perforati..m COMMON ST. JOHNSIJORT A 6,7,8,9 YL PH GS,DN,DS H* v v H H Triaden1.111 virginic1.111 MARSH ST. JOHNSllORT N 6,7,8,9 YL PH SM,FM,DN,DS H "'"' FAMILY COMMELINACEAE Corrmel ina c011111Unis ASIATIC DAY FLOWER A 6,7,8,9 PR,BL AH DS,FM,WD H* H v v Tradescantia virginiana (RARE) SP!DERWRT A 4,5,6,9,10 PR,Sl AH DS,FM,WD v II H ** FAMILY CONVOLVULACEAE Calystegia sephm HEDGE BINDWEED,BJNDWEED N 5,6, 7,8,9, 10 PK,WT v DS,DN H* II v H v convolvulus arvensis FIELD BlNDWEED,BINOWEED A 5,6,7,8,9,10 PK,WT v DS,DN H* H H Convolvulus japonkus JAPANESE BINDWEED A 6,7,B,9 PK,PR V,H DS v Cuscuta gronovii DODDER N 7,8,9 WT,YL AH OS H v Cuscuta pentagons (RARE) FI ELD DODDER N AH ff Cuscuta polygonor1.111 (RARE) SHARTllEED DODDER N 7,8,9,10 WT,YL v DS,ON H H ** FAMILY CORNACEAE Cornus amomom obl i qua PALE DOG\IOOD N SB H Page No. 2 2 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. CODI( GENUS SPECIES COHNAHE ORG FLOWERHME COLOR FORM HABlTAT SH SI BP WR JB Cornus florida FLOWERING DOGl.KXX> N 5,6 WT SB WD,LN H* v H Cornus mas DOGWOOD N SB v Cornus racemosa GRAY DOGl.IOOO N 4,5,6 WT SB IJD,Ffll,SH v Cornus stolonifera RED OSIER DOGWOOD N 5,6,7 WT SB SH,WD,LN ff ** FAMILY CRASSULACEAE Sedum sarmentosum STONE CROP A 6,7,8 YL PH DS,LN v v v ** FAMILY CUPRESSACEAE Juniperus conderta SHORE CEDAR A 5,6 GR H* Juniperus horthontal is CREEPING CEDAR A 5,6 GR SB LN,DS H'' v v Juniperus pfitzer PFITZER JUNIPER A 5,6 GR SB LN v v v v v ~uni~rus virginiana EASTERN RED CEDAR N 5,6,7 GR,YL CT DN,SH,WD H v v v v l"huja occfdentai l is WHrTE CEDAR,ARBOR VITAE N 5,6,7 GR,YL CT LN v v ** FAMILY CYATHEACEAE Dennstaedtia punctilobula HAY~SCENTED FERN N 6 GR PH WD,SH H ** FAMILY CYPERACEAE Bulbostylis capil Laris SAND RUSH SEDGE N 6,7 GR,BL PH DN,DS v v Carex annectens SEDGE N PH H Carex bai leyi SEDGE N GR PH DN,SM,FM,DS H* Carex bebbi i SEDGE N 6,7 WT,Yl PH FM,SH v Carex flavescens SEDGE H* v Carex houghtoni i (RA.RE) SEDGE N 5,6,7 GR PH DN,DS v Carex kobomugi SEDGE A. 5,6,7 GR PH DS,DN v Carex muhlenbergii SEO GE N 5,6,7 GR PH DN,DS v Carex scoparia SEDGE N v H Carex si Licea SEDGE N 5,6,7 GR PH DN,DS v Carex straminea (RARE) SEDGE N 7,8 GR, YL PH DN,SM,DS v v v Page No. 23 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AMO R08Ell.T P. CQOt( SI BP IJR JB GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH H Cyperus bipartitus SEDGE N 5,6, 7 GR,YL AH DS,DN,SM v Cyperus diandrus SEDGE N 5,6,7 GR PH OS,DN v v Cyperus esculentus YELLOW NUT GRASS N 7 YL PH FM,DS H H Cyperus fil iculmis SEDGE N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,DS v II H H Cyperus grayi i SEDGE N 7 YL PH FM,DS v H Cyperus houghtonii SEDGE N 7 YL PH DN,DS H H cyperus i ria SEDGE A 6,7 YL,GR AH DS,FH Cyperus polystachyos (RARE) SEDGE N PH H* Cyperus retrorus (RAl!E T-3) SEDGE N s·,6,7 GR PH ON v H Cyperus schwei ni tz ii (RARE) SEDGE N PH GS Cyperus strigosus STRAW COLORED SEDGE N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,SH,WD v H H H Eleocharis obtusa BLUNT SPIKE RUSH N 5,6,7 GR,YL · AH DN,SH,\l> v H H Rynchospora capitillata BEAKRUSH N YL PH DN,SM Scirpus americanus BULRUSH,THREE SQUARE N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,DS,SM v v v H Scirpus cyperinus IJOOLGRASS, BULRUSH N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,DS,SH v v v v Scirpus torreyi TORREY BULRUSH N 7 YL PH SM,DN,DS H H H Scirpus validus SOFT STEMMED BULRUSH,GREAT BULRUSH N 7 YL PH SN,DN,DS H ** FAMILY ELAEAGNACEAE H H Elaeagnus angustifol ia RUSSIAN OLIVE A 5,6 YL ",WH OT DS,LN,SH H* v v H H Elaeagnus c0111Wtata SILVERBERRY A 5,6 YL,WT SB OS,LN v v Elaeagnus ll'l"bel lata AUTUMN Oll VE A 5,6 YL,WT OT WO H* H ** FAMILY EQUISETACEAE Equisetem arvense FIELD HORSETAIL N 4,5,6 YL,GR PH SM,DN,DS H* v v H H Equfsetum hyemale SCOURING RUSH N 5,6, 7 YL,GR PH DN,DS,SM v v v v v ** FAMILY ERICACEAE Arctostaphylos uva-ursi BEARBERRY N 5,6 WT,PK SB DS,LN v v OS,DN H* v < Gaylussacia baccata HUCKLEBERRY N 5,6 lff SB .. •• ' ' Page No. 2 4 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOW'ERTlME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JS Kalrnia latifol ia MOUNTAIN LAUREL N 6,7 PK,WT SB WD,SH v v v Pi eris japonica JAPANESE ANDROMEDA A SB H* v Vaccinum corybosium HIGH BUSH BLUEBERRY N 5,6,7 PR,WT SB FM,DS H* ** FAMILY EUPHORBIACEAE Chamaesyce maculata WARTWEED N 4,5,6 YL PH DS,ON v v H H Chamaesyce pol ygoni fol ia SEASIDE SPURGE N 4,5,6,7 AH DN,DS H* H Euphorbia cyparissias CYPRESS SPURGE A 4,5,6,7 YL PH DS,DN H* H ** FAM! LY FABACEAE Amorpha fruticosa INDIGO-BUSH FALSE INDIGO A 5,6 BL,llT SB FM,'40 v H Apios americana WILD BEAR, GROUND NUT N 7,8 PR v WO v Baptisia tinctoria WILD IND!GO,RATTLEWEED N -.-. ~.6,7 YL AH DN,DS H Coroni lla varia CROWN VETCH A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 YL AH DS,DN v H v Cytisus scoparius SCOTCH BROOM A 5,6,7 YL SB LN H"' v v Lathyrus japonicus BEACH PEA N 6,7,8,9 PK,PR PH DN,DS H* v v v Lathyrus latifol ius EVERLASTING PEA A 6,7,8,9 PK,PR PH DN,DS v H Lathyrus sylvestris EVERLASTING PEA A 6,7,8,9 PR,PK PH DN,DS v Lespedeza capita ta ROUND HEADED BUSH CLOVER N 6,7,8,9 PR AH WD,GS,OS,DN H H Lespedeza cuneata BUSH CLOVER A PR,PR DS,DN v H Lespedeza virginica SLENDER BUSH CLOVER N 7,8,9 PR PH ON v Lotus corniculata BIRD'S FOOT TREFOIL A 5,6,7,8,9 YL PH DS,DN H"' H H v Medicago Lupul ina BLACK MEDICK A 5,6,7,8,9 YL AH DS,DN v v Medicago sati11a ALFALFA A 6,7,8 BL PH DS,ON H Meli lotus alba WHITE SWEET CLOVER A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 WT AH DS,DN H* v v H H Meli lotus off i ci nali s YELLOW SWEET CLOVER A 4,5,6,7,8,9, 10 YL AH DS,DN H"' v v H H Robinia pseudoacacia BLACK LOCUST A 5,6 WT OT \JD I LN H* H H Strophostyles helvula WILD BEAN N 6,7,8 PK,PR PH DN,DS H* H H Tri fol ilMll arvense RABB IT Is FOOT CLOVER A 5,6,7 PK AH DS,DN v v v H H Tri fol h.m aurell!I HOP CLOVER A 5,6,{,8,9, 10 YL BIN OS,ON H* v v Page No. 2 5 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB Tri fol it.m dubit.m LEAST HOP CLOVER A 5,6,7,8 YL AH DS H* H H Tr\fol\un hybr i di.Ill HoP CLOVER,ALS1KE CLOVER A 6,7,8,9 PK,WT PH l>S v K Trifoliun pratense RED CLOVER A 5,6,7,8,9,10 RD PH DS H* H v H Tri fol iun procunbens SMALL HOP CLOVER A 4,5,6, 7,8,9, 10 Yl AH DS v v H H H Tri fol ium repens WHITE CLOVER A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 WT,PK AH OS H* H H Vici a americana PURPLE VETCH N PR PH WD,OS H* Vici a cracca COW VETCH A 6,7,8,9 BL V,H DS,DN v Vici a tetrasperma SLENDER VETCH A 4,5,6,7,8,9 PR,lilT AH DS H v Wisteria macros t adiya WISTERIA A 4,5 PR,PK v DN,LN H* H H ** FAMILY FAGACEAE Quercus alba WHITE OAK N 4,5 GR,YL OT WO,LN v v Quercus bi color SWAMP lilH ITE OAK N 4,5 GR,YL OT WD,LN,FM H Quercus palustris PIN OAK N 4,5 GR,Yl OT WD, FM, LN H H v Quercus phellos WILLOW OAIC N 4,5 GR,YL OT WD, FM, LN v H v Quercus rubra NORTHERN RED OAIC N 4,5 GR,Yl OT WD, LN, FM H v Quercus velutina BLACK OAIC N 4,5 GR,"1' OT WD,LN,DN H ** FAMILY GENTIANCEAE Sabatia stel laris MARSH PINK N 7,8 PK,YL AH DN,DS,FM v ** FAMILY GERANIACEAE Erodiun cicutarh.111 STORKSBJLL A 4,5,6,7,8 PR,PIC AH DS,DN ff* H Gereniun carol inienlln CAROLINA CRANESBILL N 4,5,6,7,8 PK,PR AH OS,ON H* v H H Gerani\111 robertianun HERB·ROBERT,CRANESBlll H 4,5,6,7,8,9 PK,PR AH DS,DM H" H ** FAMILY HAMAMELIDACEAE Li qoi dant>ar styraci flua SWEET GUM N 5 "1',YL OT WD,LN H* II v . .. ' . "' Page No. 26 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIOHAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOIC GENUS SPECIES ca4NAME ORG FLOMERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP YR JB ** FAMILY IRJDACEAE Iris germanica FLEUR-DE·LYS,BLUE FLAG A 5,6,7 BL,YL PH FM,DS,LN v l ris versicolor WILD BLUE IRIS N 5,6,7 BL PH \ID, FM, LN v H Sisyrinchiun angustifolil.111 BLUE-EYED GRASS N 5,6,7 PR,YL PH DS,GL,DN v v H H Sisyrinchil.111 atlanticl.111 BLUE-EYED GRASS N 5,6,7,8 Bl,PR PH DS,SM,DN v H ** FAMILY JUGLANDACEAE Juglans nigra BLACK WALNUT N 4,5 WT OT l.ID,LN H ** FAMILY JUNCACEAE Juncus acl.Jllinatus SHARP fRUITED RUSH N 4,5,6 GR,Yl PH FM,WD,DS,DN H v Juncus bufonius TOAD RUSH N YL AH SM,DS,DN v H Juncus canadensis CANADIAN RUSH,MARSH RUSH N 4,5,6 GR,Yl PH FM,l.ID,DS,DN H v v H v Juncus gerardii BLACK ROOT RUSH N SM H June us scirpoides SCIRPUS LIKE RUSH N 4,5,6 GR,YL PH DN,DS,WD, FM H Juncus tenuis PATH RUSH N 4,5,6 GR,Yl PH DN,DS v v v v H Juncus torreyi RUSH N H ** FAMILY LAMIACEAE Blephil ia hi rsuta HAIRY WOOD MINT N 5,6,7,8 PR PH I.ID v Glechoma hederaceae GROUND IVY,GtLL OVER GROUND A 4,5,6 Bl,PR PK 'olO,DS v II ll v Lamiun amplexicaule HENBIT A 3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10 PR,WT AH DS,DN H* H v leonurus cardiaca MOTHERWORT A 6,7,8 PK,WT PH OS H* lycopus americanus CUT-LEAVED WATER·HOREHOUND N 4,5,6,7,8,9 WT PH DS,DN v H H Lycopus virginicus BUGLE WEEO,WATER·HOREHOUND N 6,7,8 WT PH l.ID,DS H* Hentha piperita PEPPERMINT A 6,7,8,9 PR,PK PK OS v v Mentha spicata SPEARMINT A 6,7,8 PR,PK PH DS,FM,GS H Nepeta cataria CATNIP A 6,7,8,9 WT,Bl PH DS,LN H Prunella vulgaris HEAL ALL,SELF HEAL A 5,6,7,8 PR,WT PH OS,DN H H Scutellari a galericulata COMMON SKULLCAP N 6,7,8,9 BL,WT PH ON,DS,FM v H Page llo. 2 7 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY ICATHRYll VEllEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES CC»tNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR F~M HABITAT ' SH SI BP WR JB Scutellaria ova ta HEART LEAF SCULLCAP N 5,6,7 PK,BL GS,WD H* Stachys tenuifol ia SMOOTH HEDGE-NETTLE N 7,8 PR,PK PH WD,FM H Teucriun canadense var. boreale GERMANDER,YOOO · SAGE N 6,7,8 PK,WT Pll DN,SM,DS v H ThyrmJS . pulegioides WlLD THYHE A 6,7,8,9 PR PH DS,GS,WD v Trichostema dichotonun BLUE CURLS,BASTARD PENNYROYAL N 5,6,7 BL AH DS,WD,GS v Trichostema setace1.111 (RARE T·3) TINY BLUE CURLS N Bl AH v ** FAMILY LAURACEAE Sassafras al bi dun SASSAFRAS N 4,5,6 GR,YL OT ON,DS,SM,FM H H ** FAMILY LEMNACEAE Lemna minor DUCKWEED N GR Pit FM v v v ** FAMILY LlLIACEAE Al lilJ'll canadense WILD ONION, WILD GARLIC N PH H All illll stel lat1.111 ONION N 7,8,9 PR,GR Pit DS,SH H* All !1.111 vineale FIELD GARLIC,WJLD ONION A 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 PR,PK PH DS H* H v H H Asparagus off i ci nal is WILD ASPARAGUS A 4,5,6 GR,YL PH DS,DS H* H v H v Convallaria majalis LILY OF THE VALLEY A 4,5 WT PH DS~LN v H Hemerocallis l i l i o·asphodel is DAY LILY, YELLOW DAY LILY A 6,7 OR,YL PH LN H* H H Hypoxis hirsuta YELLOW STAR GRASS N 4,5,6 YL PH DS,GS,LN v Lil iun super bum TURK'S CAP LILY N 7,8 OR,YL PH WD,FM H H Narcissus pseudo-narcissus DAFFOOJL A 4,5 YL PH LN v H v Orni thoga l llll \.ll1be ll a tllll STAR OF BETHLEHEM A 5,6 WT PH GS,FM,DS H* H H v Polygonat1.111 biflor1.111 SOLCMON'S SEAL N 5,6, 7 YL PH WO,DS,SH H* v Polygonatun pubescens HAIRY SOLOMON'S SEAL N 5,6,7 YL PH WD,DS,SH v v Smilacina racemosa FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL N 6,7 YL PH WD,DS,SH H* Smilacina stel lata STARRY FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL N 5,6 Yl PH DN,lolll H" H .. " • Page No. 2 8 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTtME COLOR FORM llABtTA.T Sii $1 BP ~It JB ** FAMILY LYCOPODIACEAE LycopodilJlll obscun.m GROUND PINE, LYCOPODIUM N GR PH WD,FM v ** FAMILY LYTHRACEAE Cuphea viscos'issima BLUE WAXWEED N 7,8,9 BL AH DN v H Lythrl.111 l ineare LOOSESTRIFE N 7,8,9 PR,WT PH SM,DN v Lythrum salicaria PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE A 7,8,9 PR PH DS,FM v H Lythr1.111 virgatm LOOSESTRIFE A 7,8 PR,PK PH FM,DS H* ** FAMILY MAGNOLIACEAE Lir\odendron tulipifera Tl}LIP TREE N 5 YL,GR OT WD,LN v ** FAMILY MALVACEAE Abutilon theophr-asti VELVET LEAF A 6,7,8,9 YL AH OS H* Althaea officinal is MARSH MALLOW A 7,8,9 PK,PR PH OS,SM v Hibiscus moscheutos CRIMSON·EYED ROSE MALLOW N 6,7,8,9 PK,PR PH DS,FM v H Malva neglecta COMMON MALLOW A 5,6,7,8,9 PK,PR AH DS,FM v H ** FAMILY MENISPERMACEAE Menispernun canadense MOONS EEO M WT,GR " SH v ** FAMILY MIMOSACEAE Albizia julibrissin MIMOSA A 6,7 PK.,WT OT DS,lN H* II ** FAMILY MOLLUGINACEAE Mol lugo vertic'illata CARPET WEED A 4,5,6,7,8,9, 10 GR,WT AH DS v v H ** FAMILY HORACEAE Broussonetia papyri1era PAPER MULBERRY A SB,T DN,DS,SM,FM H* Horus alba WHITE MULBERRY A 4,5 WT DT DS,WD v v v v H Page No. 2 9 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIHE COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB Horus rubra RED MULBERRY N 4,5 WT OT DS,WD H* v v v H ** FAMILY MYRICACEAE C0111'tonia peregrina SWEET-FERN N 5,6 GR SB ON,LN H* v Myrica cerifera WAX MYRTLE N 4 GR SB,T DN,SM v Hyrica pensylvanica BAYBERRY N 4,5 GR,Yl SB ON,DS H* v v v H ** FAMILY NYCTAGINACEAE Hi rabil is albidus PALE UMBRELLAl.JORT N 6,7,8 PK,UT PH DN,DS v v v H Mirabil is hirsuta UMBRELLA-WORT A 7,8 PK,PI! PH DS,DN v Hirabil is nyctaginea UMBRELLA-WORT A 5,6,7,8 PK,PR PH DS,DN H* v ** FAMILY NYSSACEACE Nyss_a sylvatica TUPELO, BLACK GUM N __i,_6, 7 OT W,SH,LN H ** FAMILY OLEACEAE Forsythia viridissima FORSYTHIA, GOLDEN-BELLS A 4,5 YL SB LN H* v v Fraxinus americana WHITE ASH N GR,WT DT W,FM,OS,LN v H Fraxinus pennsylvanica Gl!EEN ASH N 4,5 GR,WT OT MD,FM,DS,LN H* H Ligustrun wlgare· PRIVET A 6 WT SB LN ff* v v ff v syringe wlgaris LILAC A 4,5 PR,WT SB LN H* v v ** FAMILY ONAGl!ACEAE Epilobiun coloratun PURPLE-LEAF WILL™·HERB N 6,7,8,9 PK,PR PH DS,FM v H Epilobiun hirsut1.111 HAIRY WILL™ HERB A 5,6, 7,8 PR,RD PH FM,DS,ON v H H Eplilobiun ci l iat1.111 WILL™ HERB A 6,7,8 PK,PR PH DS v Oenothera biemis EVENING PRIMROSE N 6,7,8,9,10 YL PH ON,DS H* v v v H Oenothera cr1.1eiata EVENING PRIMROSE N 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL BH DS H Denothera laciniata CUT-LEAVED EVENING PRIMROSE II 5,6,7,8,9,10 n AH PS,DN v Oenothera peremis SUN DROPS N 7,8,9 YL PH SH,GS,ON v .. " Page No. 30 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA ANO ROBERT P. COOIC GENUS SPECIES COMNAME. ORG FLOMERTI ME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SJ BP WR JB ** FAMILY ORCHIDACEAE Spiranthes cernua NODDING LADY'S TRESSES N 8,9, 19 wr,n Pff DN,FM ff H ** FAMILY OROBANCHACEAE Conophalis americana SQUAW ROOT N 5,6 GR,WT PK DN,OS,FH v orobanche uni flora ONE·FLO\IERED CANCER-ROOT N 6.7,8 YL,llT PH DN,DS,FM H* H H ** FAMILY OSHUNDACEAE OSllMJnda cinnamomea CINNAMON FERN N 5,6,7,8 GR,YL PH FM,DS H v Osmunda regal is ROYAL FERN N 6,7,8,9 GR PH DN.,DS,SM,FM v H ** FAMILY OXALIOACEAE oxal is corniculata CREEPING WOOD SORREL A 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL PH DS,DN,GS v H Oxalis di l leni i WOOD-SORREL N 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL PK DS,DN H H oxalis stricta YELLOW WOOD SORREL A 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL PH OS,DN H* v H v ** FAMILY PEDALIACEAE Proboscidea louisianica UNICORN PLANT N 7,8,9 YL,llT AH v v ** FAMILY PHYTOLACCACEAE Phytolacca americana POKEWEED,POKEBERRY N 6,7,8,9 WT,PR PH DS,ON,WD H* v v H H ** FAMILY PINACEAE Larix sp. LARCH, TAMARACK A 4,5 GR,YL OT WD,LN,ON H Picea pungens BLUE SPRUCE A 5,6 GR CT LN H* Pi nus nigra AUSTRIAN PINE A 5,6 GR CT LN,WD H* Pi nus rigida PITCH PINE N 4,5 GR,YL OT DN,LN,WO H* v v Pi nus strobus WHITE PINE N 5,6 GR CT DN,WO,LN v v v Pi nus sylvestris SCOTCH PINE A 5,6 GR CT LN K* v v v Page !lo. 31 03/11/91 FLORA OF G.\TE\IAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES CC»INAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB Pfru thtri>ergii JAPANESE SLACK PINE A 4,5 GR,YL CT ON,LN,WO H• v v v v Pi nus virginiana VIRGINIA PINE, JERSEY PINE II 4,5 GR,YL CT DN,LN,WO H H Tsuga canadensis HEMLOCK N 6 GR CT LN,loO v v ** FAMILY PLANTAGINACEAE P\antago aristata LARGE BRACTED PLANTAIN A 6,7,8,9~10,11 WT,GR AH OS v v v H H Plantago heterophyl la DWARF PLANTAIN A 6,7,8 WT AH DS,FM,GS v Plantago lanceolata RIB PLANTAIN,ENGLISH PLANTAIN A 5,6, 7,8,9, 10 WT,GR PH DN,DS,GS,LN H* v H H Plantago major COMMON PLANTAIN A 5,6, 7,8,9, 10, ,, WT,GR PH DS,ON,LM v v v H H Plantago maritima SEASIDE PLANTAIN N 6,7,8,9,10,11 \IT,GR Pll DN,DS,SM v ll v v Plantago psyllhn C014MON PLANTAIN A 5,6,7,8,9,10 MT,GR AH DS,lN,ON v Plantago rugel ii PALE PLANTAIN N DS,LN H ** FAMILY PLATANA.CEAE Platanus occidental is AMERlCAN SYCAMORE N OT LN H* v v H Platanus occidental is x oriental is LONDON PLANE TREE A OT LN v v ** FAMlLY PLUMBAGINACEAE Limoniun carol inianun SEA LAVENDER N 7,8,9 PR,PK Pll DN,SN H* v v H ** FAMILY POACEAE Agropyron repens QUACK GRASS A 6,7,8,9 YL PH GS,LN,DS v H Agrostis hiemalis RED TOP N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,DS tt• H Agrostis perennans UPLAND BENT GRASS N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,DS v v Agrostis stolonifera CREEPING BENT GRASS N PH GS H Anlnophf la breviligulata DUNE GRASS, BEACH GRASS N 8,9,10 WT PH DN,DS,GS tt• v v v H Andropogon virginicus BROOM SEDGE, BLUESTEM N GR,YL PH DN,DS,GS v H Anthoxanthun odor a tun SWEET VERNAL GRASS A 5,6 GR,YL PH DN,DS,GS v v H Arf stida dichotoma POVERTY GRASS N GR,YL AH GS H Aristida oligantha PRAIRE THREE AWNED GRASS N GR,YL AH DS,DN,GS H •- Ill: Page No. 3 2 03/11/91 FLORA Of GATEllAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABilAT SH SI BP llR JB Aristida tuberculosa SEASIDE THREE-AllNED GRASS N 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DN,DS v v Bromus hordeaceus SOFT CHESS A 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DS,DN,GS v v v v H Bromus inermis SHOOT!! RYE BROME A 5,6 GR,Yl AH DS,DN,GS v v H Brom.IS japonicus JAPANESE BROME,JAPANESE CHESS A 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DS,DN,GS v v v v H Bromus steril is BARREN BROME, STERILE BROME A 5,6, 7 GR,YL AH DS,DN,GS v H Bromus tectorun DOllNY BROME GRASS A 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DS,DN,GS v H Calamagrostis cinnoides REEDGRASS N GS H Calamagrostis epigeios FEATHERTOP,BUSHGRASS A GS H Cenchrus longispinus SAND BUR N 5,6,7 GR;,YL AH DN,DS v v v v H Cenchrus tribuloides DUNE SANDBUR N 5,6,7 GR,Yl AH OK,OS H* v v v Chloris verticillata WINDMILL GRASS,PRAIRE CHLORIS A GR,YL PH DN,DS,GS H Corynephorus canescens SILVER HAIR GRASS A GR,YL PH DN,DS v H Dactyl is glomerata COCKSFOOT,ORCHARD GRASS A 5,6 GR, Yl PH DN,GS,DS v v v H Dichanthel h.m salbulorun PANIC GRASS GS H Digitaria cognatun FALL llITCHGRASS N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,DS v v Digitaria ischae!IUll SMOOTH CRABGRASS A 5,6,7 GR,PR PH DN,DS v Digitaria sanguinal is SPIKE GRASS, TALL CRABGRASS A 6,7,8,9 YL PH DS,LN v H Distichl is spicata SPIKEGRASS,ALKALlGRASS N 7,8,9 YL PH SM,DN v H H Echinachtoa crus-gal l i MILLET A H Eleusine indica GOOSE GRASS, WIREGRASS A H H Elynus moll is WILD RYE N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH Olt,DS v v El)'lll.IS vi rginicus VIRGiltIA WILD RYE N 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DN,DS,WD v v v Eragrostis capillaris LOVE GRASS N 5,6 GR,YL PH DN,GS,DS H Eragrostis cil ianesis LOVE GRASS,STJNK GRASS A 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DS,DN v v Eragrostis curvula WEEPING LOVE GRASS A 5,6,7 GR,YL PH DN,GS,DS v H Eragrostis minor LOVE GRASS A 5,6 GR,YL AH DN,GS,DS v ff Eragrostis pectinaceae LOVE GRASS N v H Eragrostis pilosa JNDJA GRASS A 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DS,DN v Eragrostis spectabilis PURPLE LOVE GRASS,TUMSLEGRASS 5,6 GR,Yl PH DN,Gs,DS v v v H H Festuca elatior MEADO\I FESCUE "A 5,6 GR,YL PH DN,GS,DS v H Page No. 3 3 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME OR:G FLWERTIME COLOR FORM HABlTAT SH SI BP WR JB Festuca ovina SHEEP FESCUE A 5,6 GR,YL PH DN,GS,DS H Festuca rubra RED FESCUE A 5,6 GR,YL PH DN,GS,DS v H Holcus Lanatus VELVET GRl\SS A YL PH GS,DS,LN H Hord el.Ill jubatum SQUIRRIL TAIL GRASS,BARLEY N 5,6 GR,Yl PH ON,GS,DS v H H lolium perenne ENGISH RYE GRASS,PERENNIAL RYE A 5,6,7 GR,YL PH OS,ON v Panicum acc1..111inatum PANIC GRASS N 5,6 GR,YL PH DN,GS,OS v H Panicum amarum PANIC GRASS ~f-6,7 GR,YL PH DS,DN v Panicum capi llare WITCHGRASS N H Panicum clandestinum DEER-TONGUE GRASS N 5,6 GR,Yl PH GS,DN,WD v H v v H Panicurn dichotomiflorU11 SMOOTH PANIC GRASS N 5,6,7 GR,YL AH oS,DN v Panic1.111 ova le PANIC GRASS N 5,6, 7 GR'·, YL PH DN,GS,DS v H Panicum rigidulum PANIC GRASS N GR PH GS,WD,DN H* PaniclJTI scoparium (RARE T-3) VELVET PANIC GRASS N H PaniclJTI virgatt.m SWITCH GRll..SS M 7,8 'l'L PH PN,DS,FM v II PhleU11 pratense TIMOTHY GRll..SS A 5,6,7 GR,YL PH OS,ON v v Phra9111ites austral is COMMOH REED, PHRAGMITES A 5,6,7,8,9 GR,YL PH DS,ON v v v v H Poa annua ANNUAL BLUEGRASS A 4,5,6,7,8,9 GR,YL AH PS,DN v v v v H Poa compress a CANADA BLUEGRASS,WIREGRASS A 4,5,6, 7 GR,YL PH DS,ON,GS v v H Poa pratenis KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS,JUNE GRASS A 5,6,7,8 GR,YL PH DS,DN,GS v v H Poa sylvestris (RARE) WOODLAND BLUEGRASS N 5,6,7,8 GR,YL PH OS,WD,GS H Schizachyriun scopariun var. littorale LJTTLE BLUESTEM N GR,YL PH ON,GL,OS v v v v H Secale cereale RYE GRASS A 5,6, 7 GR,YL AH OS,DN v v Setaria geniculata FOXTAIL GRASS,KNOTROOT N 5,6,7 GR,YL PH OS,DN,GS H Setaria glauca FOXTAIL GRASS A 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DS,DN v v v v setaria viridis GREEN FOXTAIL A 5,6,7 GR,YL All DS,DN,GS ff Sorghastrun nut ans INDIAN GRASS N H Spartina alterniflore SALT MARSH GRASS, CORD GRASS N 6,7,8 GR,YL PH DN,SM H* v v v ff spartina pa tens SALT MARSH GRASS, HIGHWATER GRASS N 6,7,8 GR,YL PH PN,SM H* v v v H Spartina pectinata SLWGH GRASS N 5,6,7 GR,Yl PH SJll,DN v Tri dens flaws TALL REDTOP GRASS N 5,6,7 GR,Yl PH OS v '-· Page No. 34 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB GENUS SPECIES CQl(NAHf ORG FLOWERTIME GR,YL AH DN,DS v Triplasis purpurea PURPLE SANDGRASS N 5,6,7 GR,YL AH DS,DN v H Vulpia octoflora SlX·WEEK'S-FESCUE N 5,6,7 ** FAMILY POLYGONACEAE WT AH GS v Fagopyrl.lll esculentl.lll BUCKWHEAT A 6,7,8,9 WT,RD AH DN,SM H* v v H H Polygonella articulate JOlNTWEED N 7,8 WT LN H H Polygonl.lll auberti i SILVER lACE·VlNE A 7,8,9 WT ,PK AH OS v v v Polygonl.lll aviculare KNOT\IEED A 5,6,7 WT ,GR. AH DS v Polygonun cespitosl.lll SMARTWEED A 6,7,8 6,7,8,9 WT,GR V,AH OS v Polygom.m convolvulus BLACK BINDWEED A llT,GR PH OS,DN H* H H Polygon1.111 cuspidat1.111 JAPANESE KNOTWEED A 7,8,9 WT,GR AH DS,DN H Polygonl.111 hydropiper WATER-PEPPER A WT,GR PH OS,DN,SM,FM H Polygonun hydropiperoides MILO WATER-PEPPER N WT,GR AH OS,ON,FM,SM H Polygonl.lll lapathifoli1.111 WILLOWWEED N WT,RD AH OS,GS v H Polygon1.111 pensylvanic1.111 PINKWEED N 6,7,8,9 PK,RD AH OS H v Polygonun persicaria LADY'S THUMB A WT AH FM,DS H* v Polygonl.lll punctat1.111 DOTTED SMARTWEED N 5,6,7,8,9 WT AH SM,DN v Polygon1.111 ramosissilllllll var. prol i fi cun SALT MARSH KNOTWEED N 5,6,7,8,9 PK,WT AH FM,DS v Polygon1.111 sagittat1.111 TEAR THUMB N 8,9, 10 WT V,AH DS,FM,WO H H Polygom.111 scandens CLIMBING FALSE BUCKWHEAT N 7,8,9 5,6,7,8,9 GR PH DS,GS,LN H* H H Runex acetosel la SHEEP SORREL A 6,7,8,9 GR AH OS,GS,DN H* v v H H Runex crispus CURLY DOCK A N 6,7,8,9 GR PH DS,DN,GS H H Runex hastatulus WILD SORREL ** FAMILY PORTULACEAE RD,YL PH GS,DS,LN H* v Portulaca grandiflora MOSS-ROSE A 6,7,8,9,10 YL PH DS,GS v H Portulaca oleracea PURSE LANE A 4~5,6,7,8,9,10 ** FAMILY PRIMULACEAE YL,WT PH FM, H* ff Lysimachia quadrifolia WHORLED LOOSESTRIFE N 6,7,8 Page No. 35 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA ANO ROBERT P. COOIC GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP YR JB - FAMILY PYROLACEAE ChimaphHa maculata SPOTTED WINTERGREEN N 6,7,8 WT,PK PH WD,SH v v H - FAMILY RANUNCULACEAE Clematis terniflara FALL FLOWERING CLEMATIS A 8,9, 10 WT PH LN v R&lll.WlCUlus abartivus Sfo!All FLOWERED CROWFOOT N 4,5,6 YL,GR AH GS,W,OS v Ranunculus acris TALL BUTTERCUP A 4,5,6 YL PH OS,GS H RantMleulus bulbasus BUTTERCUP A 4,5,6 Yl PH WD,GS,SH,LN H* ** FAMILY RHAMNACEAE Rh&lll'lUS frangula SMOOTH BUCKTHORN A 5,6 WT SB SH,LN H v ** FAMILY ROSACEAE Amelanchier arbarea SERVlCEBERRY N 4,5 WT SB SH,WO H* H Amelanchier arbarea var. laevis SERVICEBERRY N SB H Amelanchier canadensis SERVICEBERRY,SHAOBUSH N 5,6 WT SB WD,SH,GS v v v H H Arania arbutifalia RED CHOKEBERRY N 5 WT SB SH,WD,FM v v H H v 11.ron'ia melanacarpa BLACK CHOKEBERRY N 5,6 WT SB OS,SH,WD v Arania prunifalia PURPLE CHOKEBERRY N 5,6 WT SB SH,WD,ON v Crataegus caccinea HAWTHORNE N 6 WT,PK SB,T WD,SH,LN v crataegus phaenopyn.111 HAWTHORNE N 6 WT,PK SB,T WH,SH,LN. H v crataegus succulenta HAWTHORNE N 4,5 WT SB,T SH,WO,LN H Fragaria vi rginiana STRAWBERRY N 4,5,6 WT PH GS,LN,SH v v Mal us caronaria NARROW LEAF CRAB APPLE N 4,5 WT SB,T SH,WD,LN H Mal us floribunda JAPANESE CRAB APPLE A H* v Matus platycarpa APPLE H Mal us puni La COMMON APPLE A 5,6 WT,PK OT DS,WD H* H v v Mal us sp. CRAB APPLE N 4,5 WT SB,T DS,WO, LN H Potentilla anserina SILVERWEE!> N 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL PH GS,OS H .. Page No. 36 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AHO ROBERT P. COOK JB GENUS SPECIES COHNAHE ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORH HABITAT SH SI BP WR H H Potenti lla argentea SILVERY ClNQUEFOIL A 5,6,7,8,9 YL PH DS,GS,DN H* Potentil la canadensis DWARF CINQUEFOIL,FIVE FINGERS N 4,5,6,7 YL PH DS,SH,DN v H ff H Potentilla norvegica ROUGH CINQUEFOIL, THREE-LEAF N 5,6,7,8 YL AH GS,DS,LN v H H Potentilla rec ta ROUGH FRIUTEO CINQUEFOIL A 5,6,7,8,9 YL PH DS,GS,DN H* v Potentilla simplex OLD-FIELD CINQUEFOIL N 4,5,6,7 Yl PH DS,GO,DN H H* v Prunus cerasus SOUR CHERRY A 5,6 SB,T DS,DN ff ff v Prunus maritima BEACH PLUM N 4,5 \IT SB DN,SH H" v Prunus pensylvanica FIRE CHERRY, PIN CHERRY N 4,5 WT s MD H* H* v v Prunus persica PEACH A 5,6 PIC,WT DT LN II* H H H Prunus serotina BLACK CHERRY N 4,5 WT OT WO,DN,DS,SH v Prunus virginana CHOKE-CHERRY N 5,6 WT,PK SB,T DN,DS,Sff v v Pyracantha coccinea var.Lalandi LALAND FIRETHORN A 5,6,7,8,9,10 WT ,PK SB DS,LN,ON v v If If H* H Pyrus COlllllUni S PEAR A Rosa canina DOG ROSE A H SB H Rosa carolina CAROLINA ROSE, PASTURE ROSE N 6,7,8,9 PIC,WT W,DN,DS H H H RO!la Ill.IL ti flora MUL Tl FLORA ROSE A 4,5,6,7 GR Pl! FM,W,DS v Rosa palustris SWAMP ROSE N 5,6,7,8,9 WT,PK SB DS,DN H Rosa rugosa SALT SPRAY ROSE A 5,6,7,8,9 WT,PK SB DS,ON,LN H* v v v H v Rosa vir9iniana PASTURE ROSE, WILD ROSE ~ . 6,7,8,9 PK,WT SB DN,OS,W H v Rt.tlus allegheniensis NORTHERN BLAClC:BERRY N 4,5, WT SB DS,SH,GS v H RI.bus flagel Laris NORTHERN DEWBERRY N 5,6 WT SB DS,SH,GS H* v llT V,SB DS,W,SH H ~ubus occidental is BLACK RASPBERRY N 5,6 H H Rt.tlus pensilvan;cus HIGH-BUSH BLACKBERRY H 6,7 llT V,SB DS,GS,DN Sorbus acuparia MOUNTAIN ASH A 5,6 WT SS DS,DN,W v Spiraea tcmentosa STEEPLE-BUSH N 6,7,8 PK PH DS,FM H Spiraea vanhouttei SPIRAEA A WT PH H* v ** FAMILY RUBIACEAE Cephalanthus occidental is BUTTONBUSH N 6,7,8 WT SB FM H* Diodia teres BUTTONWEED N 7,8,9 WT,PR AH DN,SM v Page No. 3 7 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATE\IAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB Galiun aparine GOOSE GRASS,BEDSTRAW N 6,7,8 WT,GR AH DS,GS H* H Gal iun pi los1.111 BEDSTRAW, CLEAVERS N 6,7,8,9,10 WT PH DS,WD,GS H* Gal ii.Ill ti nctor iL.rn STIFF BEDSTRAW,WILD MADDER N 4,5,6,7,8 WT,GR PH FM,WD,OS v H H Mitchell a repens PARTRIDGE·BERRY N 5,6 WT PH WO H* Shererdia arvensis WILD MADDER A 7 PK, Bl AH DS,LN H ** FAMILY RUPPIACEAE Ruppia maritima DITCH GRASS,WIDGEON GRASS A GN ,WT PH FM v v ** FAMILY SALICACEAE Populus alba WHITE POPLAR A 4,5 GR,YL OT WD,FM,LN H* v H H Populus balsamifera BALSAM POPLAR N 5 WT,GR DT WD,DS,SM,FM v Populus balsamifera x deltoides BALM OF GILEAD A 6 DT,GR OT WD,DS,FM H* v Populus deltoides COTTONWOOD N 5 WT,GR OT OS,ON,WO,LN H* H v Popu\us grandidentata SlG TOQTHED ASPEN N 4,5 GR,YL OT WD,FM,DS v H H H Populus trenuloides QUAKING ASPEN N 4,5 GR,YL DT WD,FM,.DS v v v H H Sal ix abla WHITE WILLOW A 6 WT,GR OT WD,DS,FM v Sal ix babylonica WEEPING WILLOW A 4,5 GR,YL DT WD,FM,LN H H H Salix discolor PUSSY WILLOW N 4,5 GR,YL SS FM,DS,LN v H H v Sal ix exigua SANDBAR WILLOW, RIVER WILLLOW N 4,5,6,7 GR,Yl SB FM,WD,SM v H H Sal ix fragil is CRACK WILLOW, BRITTLE WILLOW A 6 WT,GR DT WD,FM,DS v v Salix lutea YELLOW WILLOW N GR H v Sal ix nigra BLACK WILLQl.I, WATER WILLOU N 6 WT,GR SB,T FM,WD v v v Sal ix pentandra BAY-LEAF WILLOW A 6 WT,GR OT LN H SaUx tristis UPLAND WI l U1tl N 6 WT,GR SB,T WD,SH,FM v H Salix viminal is SILKY OSIER A 6 WT,GR SB,T v ** fAMllY SANTALACEAE Comandra IATbel lata BASTARD TOAOFLAX N 5,6,7 ~H DN,SM,WD H* v v t Page No. 38 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COMNAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP llR JB ** FAMILY SAXIFRAGACEAE Phi ladelphus inordorus MOCK ORANGE N 5,6 WT SB FM,N'D,LN ** FAMILY SCROPHULARIACEAE Agalinus purpurea PURPLE GERARDIA, FALSE FOXGLOVE N 6,7 PR,PK PH DS,FM v v H H Ant f rrh i m.111 orontium LESSER SNAPDRAGON A H tinaria canadensis BLUE TOADFLAX N 4,5,6 BL,PK PH DS,ON,GS H* v H H Linaria Vl..llgari s BUTTER & EGGS A 5,6,7,8,9 YL,WT PH OS, ON, GS H* v v H H VerbasclJll blatteria MOTH-MULLEIN A 6,7,8,9,10 YL,WT PH DS,DN H* v v II H verbascllll thapsus COMMON MULLEIN A 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL,llT PH DS,DN H* v v II H Veronica arvensis CORN SPEEO\.IELL,SPEEDl.IEll A 4,5,6,7,8,9 PR,BL AH OS,GS,LN v H v Veronica c:hamaedrys · BIRD'S-EYE SPEEDl.IELL A 5,6,7 PR,BL PH OS,LN,GS H* v Veronica officina{ is COMMON SPEEDWELL A 4,5,6,7 BL,WT PH DS,DN,GS v v v v H Veronica serpyllifolia THYME-LEAF SPEEDWELL A 4,5,6,7 BL,WT PH DS,DN H ** FAMILY SIMAROUBACEAE Ailanthus al tissima TREE-OF-HEAVEN A 4,5, GR,YL OT OS, N'O v v v v H ** FAMILY SMJLACACEAE Smilax glauca SAWBRJER N 5,6,7 YL v WD,SH v v v v Smilax rotundi fol i a COMMON GREENBIER N 4,5 GR V,PH N'O II v v v ** FAMILY SOLANACEAE Datura stramonium JIMSON\.IEEO N 5,6,7,8,9 \.IT ,PR AH OS,GS,DN H* v v v Lycium barbarun MATRIMONY-VINE A 5,6,7,8,9 PR SB LN v Physalis heterophyl la GROUND CHERRY N 6,7,8,9 WT,GR PH DN,DS H solanl.111 carolinense HORSE NETTLE N 5,6,7,8,9,10 YL PH DS,GS,DN H* H v H H Solanl.111 cornutum BUFFULO BUR A 5,6,7,8,9 VL AH DS,DN H SolanlJll dulcamara BITTERSWEET NIGHTSHADE A 5,6,7,8,9,10 BL,PR V,HB DS,DN H* v H H I. Solanun nfgrum BLACK NIGHTSHADE A 5,6,7,8,9, 10 1.'T,BL AH DS,GS,llN v H Page No. 39 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COM NAME ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SJ BP WR JB ** FAMILY TAXACEAE Taitus canadensis AMERICAN YEW~ GROUND HEMLOCK N 5 GR SB WD,LN H* v v v Taxus cuspidata YEW A LN v v v ** FAMILY TILIACEAE Ti lie americana BASSWOOD, LINDEN N 6 WT,GR OT WD,LN H ** FAMILY TYPHACEAE Typha angustifolia NARROW-LEAF CATTAIL N 6,7 GR PH FM,DS H* v v H Typha latifol ia COMMON CA TT AIL N 6,7 GR PH FM,DS v v v v v ** FAMILY ULMACEAE ~~. , Celtis occidental is HACKBERRY N 5,6 GR DT WD,LN H* H H v Uln..is americana AMERICAN ELM N 4,5 GR DT WD,LN v H Ulnis punila SIBERIAN ELM A DT WD H* ** FAMILY URTICACEAE Boehmeria cyl indrica FALSE NETTLE N 7,8 WT PH FM,DS H Pi lea pui1i la CLEARWEED N 6,7,8 GR AH DS H ** FAMILY VERBENACEAE Caryopterf s clandonensis BLUE MIST A 6,7,8,9 PK,BL PH LN v v Verbena hastata BLUE VERVAIN N 5,6,7,8,9 Bl,PR PH FM,DS H* v v H Verbena urticifol ia WHITE VERVAlN N 8 WT FM v v v ** FAMILY VIOLACEAE Viola odorata SWEET VIOLET A 4,5, PR,WT PH DS,WD H Viola sororia WOOLY BLUE VIOLETT N 4,5 WT,PR PH WD,FM,DS H H Page No. 4 0 03/11/91 FLORA OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA COMPILED BY KATHRYN VENEZIA AND ROBERT P. COOK GENUS SPECIES COHNAHE ORG FLOWERTIME COLOR FORM HABITAT SH SI BP WR JB ** FAMILY VITACEAE Airpelopsis sp. PORCELAIN-BERRY A v lolD v Parthenocissus quinquefol ia VIRGINIA CREEPER N 6 GR v lolD, FM,SH v v v v H Vitis aestival is SUMMER GRAPE N 6 WT v lolD I SH ,ON v v Vi tis (abrusca FOX GRAPE N 6 WT v \JD,OS,SH,GS H Vi tis riparia RIVERSIDE GRAPE, FROST GRAPE N 6,7 WT v lolD v H Vi tis sp WILD GRAPE 4,5,6, 7 GR PH FM,lolD,OS v H ** FAMILY ZOSTERACEAE Zostera marina EEL GRASS N GR PH FM v v v ·u.s. ao-nmimr PrlnllnQ Olb 1991 - 513-7271.21lOB4