A Call to Holiness”

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Doctrine XI INTRODUCTION

The Beautiful Fight

Men’s Bible Study

“Awakening - A Call To Holiness”

Inside This Addition

An Awakening To The Holiness Of God

An To Awakening Personal Holiness

An Awakening To Social Holiness

An Awakening To Global Holiness

Book Eleven of Eleven Books

INTRODUCTION

THE BEAUTIFUL FIGHT

Printed in the United States of America ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without prior written permission.

BOOK TWO OF ELEVEN BOOKS

INTRODUCTION

International Mission

The Salvation Army, an international movement, is an evangelical part of the universal Christian church. Its message is based on the Bible. Its ministry is motivated by the love of God. Its mission is to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ and to meet human needs in His name without discrimination.

The purpose of The Salvation Army is to love God and man, to preach the good news of Jesus, and to express practical concern for the needs of humanity. This is referred to as having a “blood and fire spirit” for the mission of The Salvation Army.

Salvationist of the USA Southern Territory are…

Answering God’s call to make radical followers of Jesus Christ who love inclusively, serve helpfully and disciple effectively in the communities where they live.

Men’s Ministries Mission Statement

Leading men into a relationship with Jesus Christ, and into community with other men who love and serve Him.

The Beautiful Fight

A men’s Bible study intentionally designed to continue the process of transformation in a small group setting, The Beautiful Fight is designed to equip men in The Salvation Army...

with the message of the Bible with the ministry motivated by the love of God with the mission to preach the gospel

Ephesians 4:11–13

So Christ himself gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the pastors and teachers, 12 to equip his people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up 13 until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ.

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Jesus came to bring a new Kingdom to earth. Jesus’ initial call is, “Come, follow me.” His desire is for His disciples to become like Him, literally to re-present Him to a lost and dying world. The disciple of Jesus is called to be conformed to the image and character of our Master. The Army’s expression of this call of Christ is unique. The Beautiful Fight is created to equip Salvationist men to live out the daily, dynamic expression of our faith. The purpose of the study is to equip men with the message of the Bible, to live in ministry motivated by the love of God, and to carry out the mission to preach the gospel. The Beautiful Fight provides a biblical foundation to nourish and cultivate life as a disciple of Christ in a relational context. This material is best used in the local corps, the ARC, and in your Army outpost.

As our first doctrine teaches, Scripture is the primary foundation for our study. We’ll examine the Word of God and its implications for our lives and for the world. All aspects of our study will build upon this Scriptural foundation, all explored and lived out both personally and communally.

Our one-year study will require you to fight, but it will be a beautiful fight. God is at work right now, turning your ashes into beauty and your mourning into dancing. He is at work redeeming, restoring, and resurrecting lives. His work in you is beautiful, but it’s also a fight. One of the greatest sins of men in our day is the sin of passivity. We see its roots in the Garden of Eden, but its offspring lives wildly in our world today. To counter this temptation, you’ll be asked to study, you’ll be asked to share, and you’ll be asked to serve. The Beautiful Fight will call you to continually give your heart to God and your hand to mankind, starting in your home, moving to your neighborhood, continuing in your corps, and extending into your world.

This curriculum contains homework. You’ll want to create space in your week to study and reflect in order to allow the Holy Spirit to freely work in you, and then you’ll want to share the insights He gives you with your The Beautiful Fight study group. Be sure to make notes of the ways the Spirit is calling you to deeper places with Him as you as you move through this study. And celebrate! In this fight, it’s imperative that we celebrate the ways in which God is constantly making all things new.

INTRODUCTION

Comrades & Conditions

Jesus called twelve disciples to come and do life with Him. These twelve disciples experienced deep intimacy with Christ, both personally and communally, as they lived and served together. Jesus invited three of the twelve into an even closer relationship with Him. Peter, James, and John were invited into the inner parts of Jesus’ life, sharing both His suffering and His pain.

The ideal context for our study is one that closely resembles that of the disciples: a committed group of men who are willing to journey and fight together in a growing relationship with Jesus.

Groups consist of 12 men with 2 co-facilitators ( ).

Participant Expectations:

We will fight for truth. We will fight to understand Biblical directives. We will fight for Biblical koinonia.

We will fight for each other and advocate for each other’s families. We will refuse to settle for passivity. We will commit to completing our homework and participating in our weekly studies.

Our weekly/monthly gatherings are essential to our transformation process. Quarterly social gatherings and overnight retreats help deepen relationships, as well. It will also be imperative that we spend time together outside of these weekly/monthly group studies in our one-on-one meetings. The matrix to the right is designed to help you stay accountable to one man per month. Use the matrix to coordinate get-togethers with your monthly prayer and accountability partner. Schedule a coffee/breakfast/lunch meeting with each man in your study.

LUNCH/BREAKFAST/COFFEE MATRIX

NAMES →

• JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV

JAN • MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

FEB MAR • MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN

MAR APR MAY • JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB

APR MAY JUN JUL • SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR

MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP • NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV • JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN • MAR APR MAY JUN

AUG SEP NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR • MAY JUN JUL

NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY • JUL AUG

NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL • SEP

NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP •

Instructions

TION C

ODU R

INT  Write names in alphabetical order across the top and alongside the table.

 If a group has fewer than 12 members write “NC” for non-Christian and try to meet with an unbelieving friend.

INTRODUCTION

Syllabus for Awakening – A Call To Holiness

The Beautiful Fight full study curriculum takes a year to complete, but we have broken it into eleven books with six to eight weeks of study. This will provide your men the flexibility frame each study in a way that best works into your overall schedule. Our prayer is that the Spirit will lead you deep into His word. You’ll also be guided by a variety of resources specifically chosen to encourage and equip Salvationist men, including our eleven doctrines.

Doctrine II

We believe in the immortality of the soul; in the resurrection of the body; in the general judgment at the end of the world; in the eternal happiness of the righteous; and in the endless punishment of the wicked.

INSIDE THIS STUDY:

Introduction/Battle Lines An Awakening To The Holiness Of God An Awakening To Personal Holiness An Awakening To Social Holiness An Awakening To Global Holiness Vespers

INTRODUCTION

Doctrines of The Salvation Army

1. We believe that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments were given by inspiration of God, and that they only constitute the Divine rule of Christian faith and practice.

2. We believe that there is only one God, who is infinitely perfect, the Creator, Preserver, and Gover- nor of all things, and who is the only proper object of religious worship.

3. We believe that there are three persons in the Godhead—the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost, undivided in essence and co-equal in power and glory.

4. We believe that in the person of Jesus Christ the Divine and human natures are united, so that He is truly and properly God and truly and properly man.

5. We believe that our first parents were created in a state of innocency, but by their disobedience they lost their purity and happiness, and that in consequence of their fall all men have become sinners, totally depraved, and as such are justly exposed to the wrath of God.

6. We believe that the Lord Jesus Christ has by His suffering and death made an atonement for the whole world so that whosoever will may be saved.

7. We believe that repentance towards God, faith in our Lord Jesus Christ, and regeneration by the Holy Spirit, are necessary to salvation.

8. We believe that we are justified by grace through faith in our Lord Jesus Christ and that he that believeth hath the witness in himself.

9. We believe that continuance in a state of salvation depends upon continued obedient faith in Christ.

10. We believe that it is the privilege of all believers to be wholly sanctified, and that their whole spirit and soul and body may be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.

11. We believe in the immortality of the soul; in the resurrection of the body; in the general judgment at the end of the world; in the eternal happiness of the righteous; and in the endless punishment of the wicked.

INTRODUCTION

My Story: “Battle Lines”

Your life was designed by God. Who you were, who you are, and who you will become are all part of your transformation process. God is conforming you to the image and character of His Son. As brothers and comrades in the Army, we join each other on this journey of transformation. One of the best ways we can begin our journey together is to share our stories. Everyone has a story to share. Your story, and sharing it, matters.

For the first couple of weeks, we want to create a space for you to share your story—your real story. There will be temptation to simply share your resume or your successes and accomplishments, but your brothers are more interested in your heart than they are your title. With that in mind, here are a few questions to consider as you prepare to share your story.

1. Where are you in life right now? 2. What went into making you the man you are? 3. Who (positive and negative) has had the greatest impact on your life? 4. What events (positive and negative) have had the greatest impact on your life? 5. What are a few of your heaviest burdens? How can your brothers help you fight? How can your brothers carry your burdens to the cross?

As you prepare to share your story, ask God to lead and affirm you. While acknowledging that rich relationships as well as great battles and pain have gone into weaving your story, ask God to remind you that you are a part of His bigger story. Allow the Spirit to guide you as you prepare, share, and live out your story.

You may want to write out your story to help you better prepare to share with your brothers.

Remember, as always, that the content shared in your study is confidential.

INTRODUCTION

Battle Lines

People Events Places

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Awakening— A Call to Holiness

Our God is a holy God. He calls His people to a life of holiness. He doesn’t just call the spiritual elite to a life of holiness; He calls all of humanity to live the holy, sanctified life. The invitation to the holy life is an invitation to the deeper life; it’s an intimate life, a life that is far more than keeping a certain set of rules or avoiding trivial practices.

The invitation to a holy life is an invitation to a blazing life. The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine says it this way: “This is not a call directed to an elect few, nor to an élite who have particular spiritual qualifications, nor does the phrase, ‘the privilege of all believers’ mean it is optional. It is God’s intention for all his people. God calls all Christians: ‘Be holy because I am holy’ (1 Peter 1:16).

“The life of holiness is not mysterious or overwhelming or too difficult to understand. It is becoming like Christ who is the true image of God. He is the truly holy one, who revealed the holiness of God in the wholeness and fullness of his human life and in the manner of his self-offering to God (John 17:15–17). To see him is to understand the nature of holiness, and to follow him is to be marked by it. 1 Holiness is Christlikeness.”

Join us as we examine the holiness of God, a personal holiness that can only be lived out in a social and communal context. Personal holiness is consummated with a global holiness that encompasses all of mankind.

In this final module we’ll examine our 11th doctrine and memorize 1 Peter 1:13–16.

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

AN Awakening TO THE Holiness OF God

God’s Word—Exodus 3

Context: What’s the specific context of this passage? What comes before it, and what follows it? Note the writer and the primary audience.

Themes: What’s the primary focus of the text? What speaks to you as you read? Note any directives or commands in the text.

Implication: How is this passage calling you to live? How will you build your life on this foundational truth?

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Message of the Bible—Sealed Orders Read Exodus 3.

Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God. 2 There the angel of the LORD appeared to him in flames of fire from within a bush. Moses saw that though the bush was on fire it did not burn up. 3 So Moses thought, “I will go over and see this strange sight—why the bush does not burn up.”

4 When the LORD saw that he had gone over to look, God called to him from within the bush, “Moses! Moses!”

And Moses said, “Here I am.”

5 “Do not come any closer,” God said. “Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.” 6 Then he said, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob.” At this, Moses hid his face, because he was afraid to look at God.

7 The LORD said, “I have indeed seen the misery of my people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their slave drivers, and I am concerned about their suffering. 8 So I have come down to rescue them from the hand of the Egyptians and to bring them up out of that land into a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey—the home of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites. 9 And now the cry of the Israelites has reached me, and I have seen the way the Egyptians are oppressing them. 10 So now, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh to bring my people the Israelites out of Egypt.”

11 But Moses said to God, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh and bring the Israelites out of Egypt?”

12 And God said, “I will be with you. And this will be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, you will worship God on this mountain.”

13 Moses said to God, “Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is his name?’ Then what shall I tell them?”

14 God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: ‘I AM has sent me to you.’”

15 God also said to Moses, “Say to the Israelites, ‘The LORD, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’

“This is my name forever, the name you shall call me from generation to generation.

16 “Go, assemble the elders of Israel and say to them, ‘The LORD, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob—appeared to me and said: I have watched over you and have seen what has been done to you in Egypt. 17 And I have promised to bring you up out of your misery in Egypt into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites—a land flowing with milk and honey.’

18 “The elders of Israel will listen to you. Then you and the elders are to go to the king of Egypt and say to him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Let us take a three-day journey into the wilderness to offer sacrifices to the LORD our God.’ 19 But I know that the king of Egypt will not let you go

unless a mighty hand compels him. 20 So I will stretch out my hand and strike the Egyptians with

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

all the wonders that I will perform among them. After that, he will let you go.

21 “And I will make the Egyptians favorably disposed toward this people, so that when you leave you will not go empty-handed. 22 Every woman is to ask her neighbor and any woman living in her house for articles of silver and gold and for clothing, which you will put on your sons and daughters. And so you will plunder the Egyptians.”

In what ways does this passage introduce you to the holiness of God?

How does God describe Himself to Moses?

What’s the importance of God’s name, “I AM WHO I AM” (verse 14)?

Notice God as the Divine Initiator. Our holy God approaches an unholy man. How is this a precursor to the way Jesus would engage the world?

How do you reconcile our holy God coming for you? What does this say about His character?

In your own words, describe Moses’ response to the holiness of God vs. God’s call to action.

How do you engage the holiness of God? Describe how you embrace His holiness in light of your humanity?

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Our Handbook of Doctrine identifies the tension created in this kind of encounter:

A feeling of awe in the presence of God is common to religious experience. We reach out to that which is different from ourselves, to complete purity and goodness, not simply to greater power. What we are recognizing is the holiness of God. Our sense of awe is often accompanied by an awareness of guilt and unworthiness in the presence of divine holiness (Isaiah 6:1–7; 57:15).

From beginning to end, the Bible testifies to the holiness of God. From an early understanding of God’s otherness that is sometimes expressed in alarming terms (Leviticus 10:1–3), the Bible moves to a profound perception of the awe- inspiring nature of his goodness and righteousness (Isaiah 5:16), which is evident in his covenantal relationship with his people (Psalm 111:9, 10). It is this holiness, this separateness, which differentiates God from us. It is this divine 2 quality which draws us to him in worship (Matthew 6:9; Revelation 4:1–11).

How are you drawn to worship God because of His holiness?

Read Leviticus 11:44–45.

“I am the LORD your God; consecrate yourselves and be holy, because I am holy. Do not make yourselves unclean by any creature that moves along the ground. 45 I am the LORD, who brought you up out of Egypt to be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy.”

God describes Himself as “holy” in this text. Use four words to describe the holiness of God.

Read Leviticus 19:1–2.

The LORD said to Moses, 2 “Speak to the entire assembly of Israel and say to them: ‘Be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy.’”

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Holiness is the very nature of God. He names Himself as Holy, and He calls for His followers to be holy. How is it possible for you to “be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy”?

Ministry Motivated by the Love of God—Sharing & Caring Read Ecclesiastes 5:1–7.

Guard your steps when you go to the house of God. Go near to listen rather than to offer the sacrifice of fools, who do not know that they do wrong.

2 Do not be quick with your mouth, do not be hasty in your heart to utter anything before God. God is in heaven and you are on earth, so let your words be few. 3 As a dream comes when there are many cares, so the speech of a fool when there are many words.

4 When you make a vow to God, do not delay in fulfilling it. He has no pleasure in fools; fulfill your vow. 5 It is better not to vow than to make a vow and not fulfill it. 6 Do not let your mouth lead you into sin. And do not protest to the [temple] messenger, “My vow was a mistake.” Why should God be angry at what you say and destroy the work of your hands? 7 Much dreaming and many words are meaningless. Therefore stand in awe of God.

As you reflect on this text, how does it challenge the way you approach the holiness and awesomeness of God?

In our casual, consumeristic culture, God is often denigrated to the status of a lucky charm or a best friend. How does this passage extract God’s true nature from our shallow descriptions and place Him in His rightful position of the worthiness of our total worship and speechless awe?

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

In His holiness, God desires to relate to His people as holy. Because of His magnificence, we may pull back from His glorious presence...but that is not God’s desire. God desires to commune with you. Practically, how does this text help you relate to God?

Our Handbook of Doctrine underscores both His holiness and our proper response to Him:

God is holy (Isaiah 6:3; Revelation 4:8; 15:4). As the one who is altogether different, the uncreated source of all being, he evokes our awe (1 Samuel 2:2). To acknowledge the holiness of God is to become aware of his utter goodness and 3 purity.

Describe your “awareness” of His utter goodness and purity.

In the text, what’s the significance of “vows?” What kind of vows have you made to God?

Describe a season when you protested before God. What did you protest? How did God respond to your protest?

In what three ways do you “stand in awe of God”?

Spend a few moments in worship of our holy God who makes Himself known to His people.

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Mission to Preach the Gospel—OTHERS Read Exodus 19:1–6.

On the first day of the third month after the Israelites left Egypt—on that very day—they came to the Desert of Sinai. 2 After they set out from Rephidim, they entered the Desert of Sinai, and Israel camped there in the desert in front of the mountain.

3 Then Moses went up to God, and the LORD called to him from the mountain and said, “This is what you are to say to the descendants of Jacob and what you are to tell the people of Israel: 4 ‘You yourselves have seen what I did to Egypt, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself. 5 Now if you obey me fully and keep my covenant, then out of all nations you will be my treasured possession. Although the whole earth is mine, 6 you will be for me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words you are to speak to the Israelites.”

What is the communal aspect of this text? How does it relate to you, your relationships, and your community?

God compels His people to be holy. What’s the personal and communal significance of this act?

Our Handbook of Doctrine states:

In the Old Testament holiness is an attribute of God, but not of humanity. Sanctification is the act or process by which people or things are cleansed and dedicated to God ritually and morally. In ritual understanding sanctification, or consecration, is a cleansing as preparation for an encounter with God (Exodus 13:2; Joshua 3:5).

The Hebrew root of the word qodesh, denoting holiness, appears as a verb, noun or adjective more than 850 times in the Old Testament; this suggests its importance. It means to be cut off, or separated. Something or someone is holy if they are set apart for, and dedicated to, the service of God. This can be seen in the covenant relationship with Israel. God’s setting apart of the people makes them ‘a kingdom of priests and a holy nation’ (Exodus 19:4, 5; Deuteronomy 7:6). ...

In the New Testament, holiness is an attribute of God that the people of God are urged to reflect in their lives. It is a restoration of the image of God in the believer through union with Christ (Colossians 3:9, 10). Holiness means to be at God’s disposal for his mission in the world and to be Christlike in character and 4 attitudes.

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Describe the nature of God’s covenant relationship with Israel.

How does His covenant relationship express itself in your life today?

How is God using you in the process of sanctification in the lives of those around you? Get

specific. Your wife:

Your children:

Your employees/co-workers:

Your corps members:

The members of your study group:

Read and reflect on Revelation 4.

After this I looked, and there before me was a door standing open in heaven. And the voice I had first heard speaking to me like a trumpet said, “Come up here, and I will show you what must take place after this.” 2 At once I was in the Spirit, and there before me was a throne in heaven with someone sitting on it. 3 And the one who sat there had the appearance of jasper and ruby. A rainbow that shone like an emerald encircled the throne. 4 Surrounding the throne were twenty-four other thrones, and seated on them were twenty-four elders. They were dressed in white and had crowns of gold on their heads. 5 From the throne came flashes of lightning, rumblings and peals of thunder. In front of the throne, seven lamps were blazing. These are the seven spirits of God. 6 Also in front of the throne there was what looked like a sea of glass, clear as crystal.

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

In the center, around the throne, were four living creatures, and they were covered with eyes, in front and in back. 7 The first living creature was like a lion, the second was like an ox, the third had a face like a man, the fourth was like a flying eagle. 8 Each of the four living creatures had six wings and was covered with eyes all around, even under its wings. Day and night they never stop saying:

“‘Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty,’ who was, and is, and is to come.”

9 Whenever the living creatures give glory, honor and thanks to him who sits on the throne and who lives for ever and ever, 10 the twenty-four elders fall down before him who sits on the throne and worship him who lives for ever and ever. They lay their crowns before the throne and say:

11 “You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for you created all things, and by your will they were created and have their being.”

......

Awakening – A Call to Holiness

Reflection & Prayer As you conclude this week’s study, answer the following questions. Note the ways your brothers can join you in prayer.

† Lord, what are You saying to me?

† How do You want me to respond to You?

† I am burdened in the following areas:

† I’m thanking God for His work in the following ways:

† Use this space to note the praises and petitions of your brothers.

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AN Awakening

TO Personal Holiness

God’s Word—1 Peter 1

Context: What’s the specific context of this passage? What comes before it, and what follows it? Note the writer and the primary audience.

Themes: What’s the primary focus of the text? What speaks to you as you read? Note any directives or commands in the text.

Implication: How is this passage calling you to live? How will you build your life on this foundational truth?

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Message of the Bible—Sealed Orders Read 1 Peter 1:13–16.

Therefore, with minds that are alert and fully sober, set your hope on the grace to be brought to you when Jesus Christ is revealed at his coming. 14 As obedient children, do not conform to the evil desires you had when you lived in ignorance. 15 But just as he who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do; 16 for it is written: “Be holy, because I am holy.”

Memorize 1 Peter 1:13–16. Begin by rewriting the verses here.

By memory, write 1 Peter 1:13–16.

How does this passage challenge you today?

There is a future hope expressed in this text. Describe that future hope.

What’s the correlation between the “hope [of ] the grace to be brought to you” and being holy in the here and now?

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The evil one desires to dull our minds and busy us with preoccupations of the flesh. How do you keep a “sober mind?” In the last week, how has the evil one invited you to settle for something less than holy living?

What does holiness currently look like in your life?

Reflect on the instructive words of our Handbook of Doctrine:

During the experience of salvation the regenerating power of the Holy Spirit becomes a reality in the life of the believer, enabling us to move from the point of conversion and new life towards mature experience as a Christian. The experience of justification is not a destination, but is the beginning of a journey which should be characterized by growth and development.

This is not an automatic process, but one which requires that we are open to the need for change, so that we begin to live according to God’s will and purposes rather than our own, and are willing to allow the Holy Spirit to work within us to achieve this end. In response to the command of God to “be holy, because I am holy” (1 Peter 1:16), we are called to holy living as a corollary to our salvation. Sanctification by grace through faith enables holy living.5

How would you describe where you are today on your “journey of holy living?”

In what areas of your journey do you most struggle to live according to God’s will?

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Ministry Motivated by the Love of God—Sharing & Caring Read 1 Thessalonians 4:1–8.

As for other matters, brothers and sisters, we instructed you how to live in order to please God, as in fact you are living. Now we ask you and urge you in the Lord Jesus to do this more and more. 2 For you know what instructions we gave you by the authority of the Lord Jesus.

3 It is God’s will that you should be sanctified: that you should avoid sexual immorality; 4 that each of you should learn to control your own body in a way that is holy and honorable, 5 not in passionate lust like the pagans, who do not know God; 6 and that in this matter no one should wrong or take advantage of a brother or sister. The Lord will punish all those who commit such sins, as we told you and warned you before. 7 For God did not call us to be impure, but to live a holy life. 8 Therefore, anyone who rejects this instruction does not reject a human being but God, the very God who gives you his Holy Spirit.

If you were given the task to teach this text next Sunday morning in your corps’ “Holiness Service,” how would you teach those in attendance to live a life “in order to please God, as in fact you are living”?

Many men hear only the first part of that phrase. Many hear, “Live to please God,” and then recoil. How do you reconcile the tension of unholy living and the call to be holy without being self- condemning?

Paul challenges the church at Thessalonica to “do this more and more.” What is he asking of them?

Paul writes, “It is God’s will that you should be sanctified.” In your own words, describe your sanctified life.

Paul also calls the church to flee from sexual immorality. In the past month, how have you kept this command?

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Note the communal element of this command. Paul doesn’t direct this command to any one believer; he addresses it to the community. How are you finding the strength to live a holy life while living in community? What happens when you isolate from the community?

In 2003, John Piper spoke powerfully to more than 200,000 young people at “Passion One Day,” a conference for college students. Piper strongly challenged the students to become passionate for the holiness of God. He said,

Your generation can get it, and I pray that you will become passionate for the holiness of God, that you would live in the brightness of his blazing holiness, that you would feel in your life the weights of the rock of his holiness. Could it be that your struggle with pornography, masturbation, fornication…might find the liberty that you’ve been aching for in the rock of God’s holiness, pure and simple, seen about before?

Could it be that your struggle with an eating disorder or with food from morning till night might find the liberty and the freedom that you’ve been aching for in the sheer weight of the rock of God’s holiness? Could it be that when you wake up some day, as happened to one man recently, to the sound of his wife bludgeoning his children to death on the front lawn? One rock will get you through those days, 6 mainly the rock of God’s sovereign gracious holiness.

What part of Piper’s words most challenge you?

How does God’s holiness pull you above and beyond your circumstances to see that God’s greatest desire for you is to conform to His character?

Samuel Logan Brengle was deeply committed to holy living. In an article in Word & Deed, R. David Rightmire quotes Brengle’s testimony.

I awoke that morning hungering and thirsting just to live this life of fellowship with God, never again to sin in thought or word or deed against Him, with an immeasurable desire to be a holy man, acceptable unto God . . . In that hour I knew Jesus, and I loved Him till it seemed my heart would break with love. I was 7 filled with love for all His creatures . . .

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Contrast Brengle’s testimony with Piper’s challenge.

What do you do when you simply don’t desire holiness or are not motivated to fellowship with God or OTHERS? Where do you go when sin becomes more attractive and when irresponsibility lurks close by?

Reflect and meditate on Philippians 1:3–11. Allow God’s Word to encourage you.

I thank my God every time I remember you. 4 In all my prayers for all of you, I always pray with joy 5 because of your partnership in the gospel from the first day until now, 6 being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.

7 It is right for me to feel this way about all of you, since I have you in my heart and, whether I am in chains or defending and confirming the gospel, all of you share in God’s grace with me. 8 God can testify how I long for all of you with the affection of Christ Jesus.

9 And this is my prayer: that your love may abound more and more in knowledge and depth of insight, 10 so that you may be able to discern what is best and may be pure and blameless for the day of Christ, 11 filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ—to the glory and praise of God.

Mission to Preach the Gospel—OTHERS Read John 17:15–19.

My prayer is not that you take them out of the world but that you protect them from the evil one. 16 They are not of the world, even as I am not of it. 17 Sanctify them by the truth; your word is truth. 18 As you sent me into the world, I have sent them into the world. 19 For them I sanctify myself, that they too may be truly sanctified.

How are you encouraged to know that Jesus prayed for your sanctification? What strength can you draw today from His prayer?

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Note that Jesus doesn’t pray for you to be removed from your circumstances; He prays that you might be sanctified through them.

What relationship has God most used to sanctify you?

What current circumstance has God most used to sanctify you?

Where else do you sense God at work in the process of sanctification?

There are times when holy living, or sanctification, may seem too hard to grasp or too heavy to live out. Note these words from our Handbook of Doctrine:

The life of holiness is not mysterious or overwhelming or too difficult to understand. It is becoming like Christ who is the true image of God. He is the truly holy one, who revealed the holiness of God in the wholeness and fullness of his human life and in the manner of his self-offering to God (John 17:15–17). To see him is to understand the nature of holiness, and to follow him is to be marked by it. 8 Holiness is Christlikeness.

What’s the ultimate goal of holy living? What is one area in which you sense growth in Christlikeness?

In his book Orsbornagain, Rob Birks gives us two summary statements of holiness.

1. Holiness is not a list of rules; it’s not reserved for an elite group, or an excuse to be a boring believer. 9 2. Holiness, like all of God’s good gifts, is to benefit OTHERS, not just ourselves.

How do you sense growth in your understanding of holiness? What’s the biggest change in your life because of God’s work in you? How is God’s work of holiness in you benefiting others? Be specific.

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Reflect & meditate on a hymn of sanctification by Albert Orsborn (SASB #410):

Believe him! Believe him! The holy one is waiting To perfect within you what grace has begun; God wills for his people an uttermost salvation; To sanctify you wholly the Spirit will come.

Surrender! Surrender! Reject the gift no longer, But say: Blessed Master, thy will shall be done. I cease from my striving, thy love shall be the conqueror; To sanctify me wholly, make haste, Lord, and come.

Salvation! Salvation! O tell to all the story, The thralldom of evil is broken and gone! My sun and my shield, the Lord gives grace and glory; He sanctifies me wholly; the Spirit has 10 come.

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Reflection & Prayer As you conclude this week’s study, answer the following questions. Note the ways your brothers can join you in prayer.

† Lord, what are You saying to me?

† How do You want me to respond to You?

† I am burdened in the following areas:

† I’m thanking God for His work in the following ways:

† Use this space to note the praises and petitions of your brothers.

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God’s Word—1 John 4

Context: What’s the specific context of this passage? What comes before it, and what follows it? Note the writer and the primary audience.

Themes: What’s the primary focus of the text? What speaks to you as you read? Note any directives or commands in the text.

Implication: How is this passage calling you to live? How will you build your life on this foundational truth?

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Message of the Bible—Sealed Orders Read 1 John 4:7–21.

Dear friends, let us love one another, for love comes from God. Everyone who loves has been born of God and knows God. 8 Whoever does not love does not know God, because God is love. 9 This is how God showed his love among us: He sent his one and only Son into the world that we might live through him. 10 This is love: not that we loved God, but that he loved us and sent his Son as an atoning sacrifice for our sins. 11 Dear friends, since God so loved us, we also ought to love one another. 12 No one has ever seen God; but if we love one another, God lives in us and his love is made complete in us.

13 This is how we know that we live in him and he in us: He has given us of his Spirit. 14 And we have seen and testify that the Father has sent his Son to be the Savior of the world. 15 If anyone acknowledges that Jesus is the Son of God, God lives in them and they in God. 16 And so we know and rely on the love God has for us.

God is love. Whoever lives in love lives in God, and God in them. 17 This is how love is made complete among us so that we will have confidence on the day of judgment: In this world we are like Jesus. 18 There is no fear in love. But perfect love drives out fear, because fear has to do with punishment. The one who fears is not made perfect in love.

19 We love because he first loved us. 20 Whoever claims to love God yet hates a brother or sister is a liar. For whoever does not love their brother and sister, whom they have seen, cannot love God, whom they have not seen. 21 And he has given us this command: Anyone who loves God must also love their brother and sister.

How do verses 7–12 encourage you? How do these verses point toward God coming for your heart?

How does this text say we can know God’s love?

In your own words, define “perfect love.”

Our Handbook of Doctrine quotes Philip Needham as he addresses holiness through this passage. Needham writes:

If holiness is, as we Salvationists have claimed, perfect love, then it is meaningless outside a community in which the love of God can be experienced, expressed and learned. “If we love one another, God lives in us, and his love is perfected in us” (I

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John 4:12). We must be that kind of community or our holiness is empty ... holiness must be seen as a personal journey only as part of a journey in fellowship with other believers. We are “citizens with the saints ... and members of the household of God” (Ephesians 2:19). The New Testament allows me a 11 holiness which is both singular and plural.

How do Needham’s words expand and challenge your understanding of holiness?

How have you seen holiness as both singular and plural?

Can holiness ever be exclusive or selective? Support your response with Scripture.

In what ways do you both know and rely on the love of God? Describe each.

“Perfect love drives out fear.” What encouragement do you receive from this truth? How have you seen this truth become a reality in your life? Note any areas in which you might still experience fear.

John Wesley has been quoted as saying, “There can be no holiness without social holiness.” What is the essence of that statement? Share three ways you are pursuing social holiness.

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Ministry Motivated by the Love of God—Sharing & Caring

Read Luke 10:25–37.

On one occasion an expert in the law stood up to test Jesus. “Teacher,” he asked, “what must I do to inherit eternal life?

26 “What is written in the Law?” he replied. “How do you read it?”

27 He answered, “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind’; and, ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.]”

28 “You have answered correctly,” Jesus replied. “Do this and you will live.”

29 But he wanted to justify himself, so he asked Jesus, “And who is my neighbor?”

30 In reply Jesus said: “A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, when he was attacked by robbers. They stripped him of his clothes, beat him and went away, leaving him half dead. 31 A priest happened to be going down the same road, and when he saw the man, he passed by on the other side. 32 So too, a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side. 33 But a Samaritan, as he traveled, came where the man was; and when he saw him, he took pity on him. 34 He went to him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine. Then he put the man on his own donkey, brought him to an inn and took care of him. 35 The next day he took out two denarii and gave them to the innkeeper. ‘Look after him,’ he said, ‘and when I return, I will reimburse you for any extra expense you may have.’

36 “Which of these three do you think was a neighbor to the man who fell into the hands of robbers?”

37 The expert in the law replied, “The one who had mercy on him.” Jesus told him, “Go and do likewise.”

Most men know this familiar story (although some may have actually skipped reading the last portion of the passage), but how does the story shift when viewed through the lens of “perfect love”?

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How do you see this story as a way for holiness to be lived out individually and socially?

Holiness is not an independent act. Holiness is not a spiritual behavior or a set of either good deeds to do or evil practices to avoid. Holy living is more of a posture; it’s recognizing the presence of Jesus in the here and now, in the being, doing, and seeing. Holiness is the all- encompassing completeness found in Christ; it’s the embracing of His perfect love and the extension of that love to OTHERS.

In relaying this parable, what is Jesus primarily communicating to His hearers?

Why is Jesus pointing out the flaws of the religious elite and highlighting the love of the despised Samaritan?

In his book The Pastor, Eugene Peterson writes about how to fully learn to embrace a life of holiness.

We don’t grow and mature in our Christian life by sitting in a classroom and library, listening to lectures and reading books, or going to church and singing hymns and listening to sermons. We do it by taking the stuff of our ordinary lives, our parents and children, our spouses and friends, our workplaces and fellow workers, our dreams and fantasies, our attachments, our easily accessible gratifications, our depersonalizing of intimate relations, our commodification of living truths into idolatries, taking all this and placing it on the altar of refining fire—our God is a consuming fire—and finding it all stuff redeemed for a life of holiness.12

In what ways would you support Peterson’s position? In what ways would you dispute it?

Where have you best learned how to live a life of holiness?

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How is God redeeming your “stuff” for a life of holiness?

Reflect and meditate on some familiar words from our Handbook of Doctrine:

Holiness teaching stresses the need to develop an inner personal spiritual life to feed on for living a holy life, a life in community with others and a life of restored relationships. The Salvationists in any community must learn to model what this means. The ‘saints’ in the New Testament are always plural; one cannot be holy as an individual without being holy in interaction with others. This does not mean that Salvation Army corps or centers will be without fault, but it does mean that our relationships should be determined by our holiness.13

Mission to Preach the Gospel—OTHERS

Review Luke 10:25–37.

Who is “your neighbor” that Jesus is calling you to love? How would loving your neighbor bring about holiness in both you and him? What’s your greatest challenge in fully loving him?

Read 1 John 1:18.

There is no fear in love. But perfect love drives out fear, because fear has to do with punishment. The one who fears is not made perfect in love.

Is it possible to love God and others, yet not love with “perfect love”? What’s the outcome of loving someone with a love less than “perfect love”?

God’s love for you is “perfect love.” It’s the love that He gives you to extend to others. We are to “love our neighbors as ourselves.” Do you love yourself with “perfect love”? Describe.

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Asbury Theological Seminary President Timothy Tennent explains the importance of social holiness:

Holiness does not end with an experience of personal sanctification. For the Apostle Paul, holiness cannot be understood in merely personal, private terms. You see, if you eradicate every single sin in your life by the power of the Holy Spirit, you are only halfway there… Because the real story of holiness is not the sins which we avoid, but the fruit we produce … It is not just saying “No;” rather, it is about a lot of “yeses”! You can’t be holy without your neighbor! ...

Yet, for St. Paul, it can never be construed as only a personal journey. For Paul, it is a journey in community—it is an eschatological journey which is embodied in community of the church in the present. ...

Holiness become mobile…contrasted with the Jewish and Islamic view of holy space… for us, holiness is community based and it is virally mobile. Child prostitution in Thailand, loving Muslims in NY City, hope for refugees in Sudan, creation care.

True holiness focuses on the full range of holiness which is the positive vision...it is not merely forensic, but it is relational; it is not private, but embedded in community; [it is] not negative, but a vision of the in-breaking New Creation; not 14 static, but virally mobile. It is this virally mobile.

Over the past six months, what spiritual fruit has God been producing in you?

How does social holiness differ from giving your life to a cause?

Contrast social holiness with the ways other religions minister to the poor or lost.

What is the ultimate benefit of social holiness? What one step can you take toward that consummation today?

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Reflection & Prayer As you conclude this week’s study, answer the following questions. Note the ways your brothers can join you in prayer.

† Lord, what are You saying to me?

† How do You want me to respond to You?

† I am burdened in the following areas:

† I’m thanking God for His work in the following ways:

† Use this space to note the praises and petitions of your brothers.

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AN Awakening TO Global Holiness

God’s Word—Matthew 28:16-20

Context: What’s the specific context of this passage? What comes before it, and what follows it? Note the writer and the primary audience.

Themes: What’s the primary focus of the text? What speaks to you as you read? Note any directives or commands in the text.

Implication: How is this passage calling you to live? How will you build your life on this foundational truth?

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Message of the Bible—Sealed Orders Read Matthew 28:16–20.

Then the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had told them to go. 17 When they saw him, they worshiped him; but some doubted. 18 Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”

The message of the Gospel is always personal. At the same time, it is always communal. How do you see both personal and communal elements in the Great Commission? How do you see these elements as interdependent?

Describe the authority that was given to Christ.

Here, the authority of Christ is passed on to the disciples. The enabling power of the Spirit would descend at Pentecost, and His disciples would now be sent into the world. What was the mission to which the disciples were sent?

How is the Great Commission to “go and make disciples of all nations” also a call to global holiness?

Our Handbook of Doctrine describes the process of global holiness.

The holy life is expressed through a healing, life-giving, and loving ministry. It is the life of Christ which we live out in mission. God sanctifies his people not only in order that they will be marked by his character, but also in order that the world will be marked by that character. God changes the structures of society through a variety of means, but he changes them as well through the mission of his sanctified people, empowered and gifted by his Holy Spirit.

The mission of God’s holy people encompasses evangelism, service, and social action. It is the holy love of God, expressed in the heart and life of his people, pointing the

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world to Christ, inviting the world to saving grace, serving the world with Christ’s 15 compassion, and attacking social evils. Holiness leads to mission.

In what ways are you seeing your life marked by the character of God? How is this occurring?

How specifically is holiness leading you to mission?

Reflect and meditate on Timothy Tennent’s words:

The church is not just the aggregate gathering of all the justified individuals who happen to come together. The church is what God is building in the world. Jesus Christ is the foundation, and He is building His church. You cannot fully enter into holiness unless and until you are rightly related to the church, the people of God. It is possible to become justified by yourself on a deserted island, but sanctification only happens in the context of community. It is the church which is the lens through which you capture and understand the glorious work of God.16

Ministry Motivated by the Love of God—Sharing & Caring Review the Great Commission, found in Matthew 28:16–20.

Read our 11th Doctrine:

We believe in the immortality of the soul, in the resurrection of the body, in the general judgment at the end of the world, in the eternal happiness of the righteous, 17 and in the endless punishment of the wicked.

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What parts of this doctrine inspire hope? What parts, if any give you reason to give pause?

How do you see the character of God’s holiness reconciled with His justice?

Our Handbook of Doctrine explains the foundation for Doctrine 11 this way:

Doctrine 11 summarizes the final consequences of the choices we make in relation to God and the atonement offered by Jesus Christ. The beliefs we hold concerning last things are based on God’s power, on his justice and on his love, as these have been revealed through Jesus Christ and through the biblical message. This includes Christ’s return in glory, the completion of God’s Kingdom, the resurrection of the body, the final accountability of all persons to God, the endless despair of those who reject salvation and the eternal happiness 18 of those who are righteous through faith.

Why is this doctrine necessary to your understanding of the mission of God?

How does this doctrine underscore the call to global holiness?

The Great Commission includes the directive to teach “them to obey everything I have commanded you.” Are there parts of the Gospel that you don’t teach because you are unsure of the meaning or because you lack the confidence to do so?

Here, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine again helps to shape our understanding.

This doctrine helps us to get our perspectives right. Because of our deep involvement with social questions and work, our focus can easily be limited to the matters of this world, but this doctrine broadens our horizon and gives an eternal aspect to all we do and are. It urges us to pursue God’s mission, offering hope and healing to a world which, through the Resurrection of Jesus Christ, will 19 one day be made new.

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Answer the following questions, found in the Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine20:

Are Salvationists ever guilty of dualistic attitudes which deny the reality and integrity of the whole person? What potential dangers are there with this attitude, and how might we combat them?

In what ways should the reality of the final triumph of the Kingdom of God affect our lifestyle and attitudes?

How does belief in the final judgment give urgency and focus to your witness?

If you were asked, in a pastoral context, by the family of someone who is nearing the end of life to explain the meaning of Doctrine 11, what would you say?

Do you think the answers the doctrine gives satisfy the questions people currently have regarding the meaning of life and death? What are your reasons for your answer?

Mission to Preach the Gospel—OTHERS Review the Great Commission, Matthew 28:19–20, once again.

“Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”

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Remember that the Great Commission is not the Great Commandment (Matthew 22:35–40). How does the Great Commandment motivate you to carry out the Great Commission?

Jesus entrusted His small band of disciples with the life-changing truth that would be made available to people across the earth. How have you grown in your understanding of your role as “a disciple who makes disciples?”

In what ways do you see holy living “marking” the people around you? Conversely, how does unholy living also mark those around you?

Our Handbook of Doctrine gives us a portrait of global holiness:

The implications of this understanding of holiness are far-reaching. They lead to an involvement in society on many levels: direct involvement with people in their needs, both spiritual and practical; engagement in advocacy for social justice and human rights; awareness of the importance of an ecological balance in our surroundings; a global sharing of resources and a willingness to work towards this end; and responsibility for the weak and poor, the vulnerable and the marginalized, thus demonstrating a Christian worldview in all of life.21

This type of living can only be done communally. Briefly describe your current role in extending the mission of God.

How would you like your role to be expanded? Where is God leading you in order for you to engage in the mission? How is God calling you to live out His mission right where you are?

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The last phrase of the Great Commission says, “And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.” How does living the “with God” life extend to your role in global holiness?

The International Spiritual Life Commission (1996–1998) confirmed and reinforced The Salvation Army’s commitment to holiness. Note the personal, social, and global implications.

We call Salvationists worldwide to restate and live out the doctrine of holiness in all its dimensions—personal, relational, social and political—in the context of our cultures and in the idioms of our day while allowing for, and indeed prizing, such diversity of experience and expression as is in accord with the 22 Scriptures.

Ask God to lead you in the giving and receiving of His perfect love. Thank Him for His call on your life.

Reflect and meditate on the words of Love Divine, All Loves Excelling by Charles Wesley (SASB #438).

Finish then thy new creation, Pure and spotless let us be; Let us see thy great salvation, Perfectly restored in thee. Changed from glory into glory, Till in Heaven we take our place, Till we cast our crowns before thee, Lost in wonder, love and praise.

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Reflection & Prayer As you conclude this week’s study, answer the following questions. Note the ways your brothers can join you in prayer.

† Lord, what are You saying to me?

† How do You want me to respond to You?

† I am burdened in the following areas:

† I’m thanking God for His work in the following ways:

† Use this space to note the praises and petitions of your brothers.

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Vespers Suggested resources for further study:

Watch:

A Revival Account: Asbury 1970 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qOqitIKUNs)

Read:

The Pastor: A Memoir, Eugene H. Peterson A Plain Account of Christian Perfection, John Wesley The Collected Works of S. L. Brengle, Samuel Logan Brengle Helps to Holiness, Samuel Logan Brengle The Call to Holiness: Pursuing the Heart of God for the Love of the World, Timothy Tennent The Reason for God: Belief in an Age of Skepticism, Timothy Keller

Listen:

All the People Said Amen, Matt Maher

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NOTES

AWAKENING–A CALL TO HOLINESS

1 General William Booth, General Bramwell Booth, and General Frederick Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine (Originally prepared by General William Booth in 1881; this edition reissued by General Shaw Clifton, Salvation Books, 2010), 192-193 2 Ibid., 27 3 Ibid., 26 4 Ibid., 205–206, 207 5 Booth, Booth, and Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 191 6 John Piper, “A Generation Passionate for God’s Holiness,” DesiringGod.org, accessed December 19, 2014, http://www.desiringgod.org/conference-messages/a-generation-passionate-for-gods-holiness 7 R. David Rightmire, “Samuel Brengle and the Development of Salvation Army Pneumatology,” Word & Deed November 1998, SalvationArmyUSA.org, accessed December 19, 2014, http://publications.salvationarmyusa. org/files/2014/10/Word-Deed-01.1-November-1998.pdf, 30 8 Booth, Booth, and Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 192–193 9 Rob Birks, Orsbornagain (Frontier Press, 2013), 64 10 Albert Orsborn, “Believe him! Believe him! The holy one is waiting,” Salvation Army Songbook #410, Salvationist.org, accessed December 19, 2014, https://www.salvationist.org/songbook.nsf/vw_us_ nu/7844A613C79B911480256690003439D3?OpenDocument 11 Booth, Booth, and Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 218 12 Eugene H. Peterson, The Pastor: A Memoir (HarperOne, 2011), 230 13 Booth, Booth, and Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 220 14 Timothy Tennent, “Holiness: Personal, Social and Global,” timothytennant.com, accessed December 19, 2014, http://timothytennent.com/2014/09/16/holiness-personal-social-and-global/ 15 Booth, Booth, and Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 198 16 Timothy Tennent, “Holiness: Personal, Social and Global” 17 General William Booth, General Bramwell Booth, and General Frederick Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine (Originally prepared by General William Booth in 1881; this edition reissued by General Shaw Clifton, Salvation Books, 2010), xvi 18 Booth, Booth, and Coutts, The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 248 19 Ibid., 244 20 Ibid., 245 21 Ibid., 220 22 Ibid., 217

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