AIP 020: Summer in Finnmark
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Strong Degradation of Palsas and Peat Plateaus in Northern Norway During the Last 60 Years
Strong degradation of palsas and peat plateaus in northern Norway during the last 60 years A. F. Borge, S. Westermann, I. Solheim, B. Etzelmüller Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1047, 0316 Oslo, Norway 5 Correspondence to: S. Westermann ([email protected]) Abstract. Palsas and peat plateaus are permafrost landforms occurring in subarctic mires which constitute sensitive ecosystems with strong significance for vegetation, wildlife, hydrology and carbon cycle. We have systematically mapped the occurrence of palsas and peat plateaus in the northernmost county of Norway (Finnmark, ~50,000 km2) by manual interpretation of aerial images from 2005-2014 at a spatial resolution of 250 m2. At this resolution, mires and wetlands with 10 palsas or peat plateaus occur in about 850 km2 of Finnmark, with the actual palsas and peat plateaus underlain by permafrost covering a surface area of approximately 110 km2. Secondly, we have quantified the lateral changes of the extent of palsas and peat plateaus for four study areas located along a NW-SE transect through Finnmark by utilizing repeat aerial imagery from the 1950s to the 2010s. The results of the lateral changes reveal a total decrease of 33-71 % in the areal extent of palsas and peat plateaus during the study period, with the largest lateral change rates observed in the last decade. However, the 15 results indicate that degradation of palsas and peat plateaus in northern Norway has been a consistent process during the second half of the 20th century and possibly even earlier. Significant rates of areal change are observed in all investigated time periods since the 1950s, and thermokarst landforms observed on aerial images from the 1950s suggest that lateral degradation was already an ongoing process at this time. -
Geology of the Inner Shelf West of North Cape, Norway
Geology of the inner shelf west of North Cape, Norway TORE O. VORREN, YNGVE KRISTOFFERSEN & KARIN ANDREASSEN Vorren, T. 0., Kristoffersen, Y. & Andreassen, K.: Geology of the inner shelf west of North Cape, Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 66, pp. 99-105. Oslo 1986. ISSN 0029-196X. An escarpment parallel to the coast off West Finnmark marks the boundary between the Scandina vian landmass of crystalline rocks and the overlying sedimentary succession offshore. Seaward-dip ping sedimentary rocks subcrop at an erosional unconformity which in turn is overlain by horizontally stratified sediment layers. The seaward dip of the sedimentary rocks is probably due to Cenozoic up lift of the landmass. The uplift was predominantly flexural but there is indication of concomitant ex tensional faulting. The erosional unconformity is probably a polycyclic and polygenetic erosional sur face initiated at the mid-Oligocene lowstand of the sea leve!. Three deltas up to 30 km wide, of sup posed glaciomarine origin, are located at the escarpment. The deltas must have been deposited by continental ice-sheet before the last Late Weichselian readvance onto the shelf. T. O. Vorren & K. Andreassen, University of Tromsø, Institute of Biology and Geology, P. O. Box 3085, Guleng, N-9001 Tromsø, Norway. Y. Kristoffersen, University of Bergen, Seismological Observatory, A/legt. 41, N-5()()(} Bergen, Nor way. The aim of the study is to elucidate: (l) the na ing variously dipping stratified sedimentary rock ture of the boundary between the crystalline below from an overlying horizontal unit with a basement and the overlying sedimentary rocks, more complex and discontinuous seismic reflec and its importance for the Cenozoic uplift of the tion character (Dekko 1975, Bugge & Rokoen landmass; (2) the origin and age of the upper re gen 1976, Lien 1976, Bugge et al. -
2.3 the Municipality of North Cape, a 'Fringe' Community Under Development. Stig Hansen
Community development 84 2.3 The municipality of North Cape, a ‘fringe’ community under development. Stig Hansen This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/5.3203 Introduction I would like to begin by explaining how I am able to speak to you about North Cape and its potential for business development, by giving you a little background information about myself and my involvement in the area. I was born and brought up in Honningsvåg, and have experienced changes which have, amongst other things, led to a reduction in the population of the area from over 5000 people to 3200 today. My work experience includes teaching, in primary and secondary schools, project leadership within the fishing industry, insurance advisor, business manager for North Cape Municipality, and Daily leader for North Cape Business Park. This last position I have held since 2007. We have 43 member businesses, locally and regionally. Our network includes both commercial industries and official institutions/organisations. Besides this, I lead the civic network of business managers in West Finnmark, and am leading the Business Park Network in Finnmark. I also work closely with the University in Tromsø, the High School in Finnmark, University in Trondheim (NTNU) and one of the most renowned research institutes in Norway, Sintef. As an active sportsman and a representative at the highest level of our local, 600 strong sports club, I feel I also have very good knowledge in this field. In this chapter I will comment on the current status and challenges within our main businesses of fishing, tourism, oil, and culture. -
NORWEGIAN MIDNIGHT SUN Across the Arctic Circle and Onto the North Cape
Lofoten Island Village NORWEGIAN MIDNIGHT SUN Across the Arctic Circle and onto the North Cape “Bucket list” destinations for most serious motorcycle globe- European large cities trotters include places such as Ushuaia, Prudhoe Bay, and • Spectacular southern Norway with its stave churches, some “the big one” - the northernmost point in the world to which of the oldest wooden buildings on the planet it’s possible to ride a motorcycle - Norway’s North Cape. • Ferry ride on the “world’s most beautiful fjord” - Geiranger is “tour to the top of the world” takes riders nearly 400 Fjord miles north of the Arctic Circle. Our major destination, Norway’s North Cape, is 50 miles further north of the Arctic • Trollstigen, Norway’s most spectacular pass road Circle than Prudhoe Bay, Alaska - the northernmost point • A rest day in Alesund, art nouveau city on the West Coast in North America accessible by motorcycle. is Adventure • e spectacular Lofoten Islands, where mountains rise directly will take you through the pristine beauty of Northern Norway out of the ocean with stunning and bizarre landscapes on endless roads through uninhabited wilderness. We will ride along the • Crossing the Arctic Circle Norwegian fjord–dotted coastline, cross the Lofoten Islands • An optional whale safari from Andenes and ride the never ending plains of Lappland up to the border of Russia. With 24 hours of daylight, you won’t miss a thing. • e North Cape, the northern tip of Europe is tour is about challenging and experiencing mother e last riding day is long, so you may wish to extend your stay nature and riding the roads that lead you to where Europe in Tromsø to enjoy additional sightseeing. -
The North Cape the Country
• Aurora Borealis Bar The Aurora Borealis Bar is another place to drink the traditional champagne. Seafood from the Arctic region of Finnmark is also served. Taste the food from the top of Europe. We serve king crab, reindeer meat, whale meat and other seafood. elv • North Cape Shopping Welcome to Our impressive gift shop is linked to «Norway Tax-Free Shopping» – an arrangement that allows you a refund of the Norwegian VAT on goods bought in Norway when you leave The North Cape the country. This applies only to visitors resident outside Scandinavia. 71°10’21’’ • 9764 Nordkapp The world’s most northerly «post office» sells stamps, philatelic issues and the North Cape certificate. If the post office is closed, just ask for help in the gift shop. If you post your cards in one of the red letter boxes, they will automatically be stamped with the North Cape Dear visitors! Places to eat in the North Cape Hall: postmark. We accept the currency of most countries. For more than 300 years, people have travelled from all over • North Cape Coffee Shop Atelier Holthe AS, N-2390 Mo Idar Mikkelsen. Illustr.: Austrud, Ole M. Rapp, To-Foto, Fagtrykk Idé as. Photos: Aune foto, Peder the world to the North Cape to set their own feet on the At our own coffee bar we serve all sorts of coffee freshly northernmost point of the European continent. Many notable brewed, with new-baked waffles or other delicious figures have made the strenuous journey: kings and princes, temptations. adventurers and groups on expeditions – all of them Rica Hotels strongly drawn to the spectacular natural beauty of the • Restaurant Kompasset – your home in Norwegian Lapland North Cape. -
The Inner Shelf of North Cape, Norway and Its Implications for the Barents Shelf-Finnmark Caledonide Boundary
Note The inner shelf of North Cape, Norway and its implications for the Barents Shelf-Finnmark Caledonide boundary CHRIS TOWNSEND Townsend, C.: The inner shelf of North Cape, Norway and its implications for the Barents Shelf Finnmark Caledonide boundary. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 67, pp. 151-153. Oslo 1987. ISSN 0029-196X. It is suggested that an E-W trending lineament mapped along the north coast of Finnmark, north Norway (Vorren et al. 1986), may be the offshore extension to the Trollfjord-Komgelv Fault. This would indicate that this fault has been active subsequent to the Caledonian Orogeny, controlling sedimentation, with subsidence to the north. Additionally, the boundary between the Barents Shelf and the Finnmark Caledonides may be a broad zone, of which only the offshore portion has been active in Cenozoic times. C. Townsend, Cambridge Arctic Shelf Programme, Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 ODJ, U.K. This short note has been inspired by a recent seismic mapping. Vorren et al. (1986) produced paper by Vorren et al. (1986), who have studied a good description of the geometry of these Ceno the Cenozoic aged sedimentation along the ioner zoic aged deltaic sediments, but made little com shelf of North Cape, north Norway, from shallow- ment on the associated tectonics. However, as I obaerved faultl _ _ "",.., lnferred faults posslble faults Fig. 1: Map of Finnm�rk, outlining the position of the steeply dipping faults which have been observed, inferred or which may form lineaments (poss1bly faults), compiled fromthe maps of Passe (1978), Hayes (1980), Rice (1982}, and Sigmond et al. -
Regions and Counties in Norway
Regions and counties in Norway REGIONS AND COUNTIES IN NORWAY Northern Norway Northern Norway is located in the north and is also the most eastern region. This region comprises the two counties Troms og Finnmark and Nordland. If you visit Northern Norway in December or January, you can experience the polar night. The polar night is when the sun is under the horizon the whole day. In Northern Norway, you can see the northern lights in winter. Norway is divided into five regions. Northern Norway is located in the north of Northern lights. Photo: Pxhere.com the country. Trøndelag is located in the middle of the country. Western Norway is During summer, you can see the midnight in the west, and Eastern Norway is in the sun in Northern Norway. The midnight sun east. The region located in the south is is when the sun does not set, and a part of called Southern Norway. the sun is visible above the horizon all night. Every part of the country is divided into counties. There are 11 counties in Norway. Troms and Finnmark Troms og Finnmark is located furthest north and east and borders Russia, Finland 1 The National Centre of Multicultural Education, Native languages, morsmal.no Regions and counties in Norway and Sweden. Tromsø is the largest city in Troms og Finnmark. Norway's northernmost point, Knivskjellodden, is located in Troms og Finnmark. The North Cape (Nordkapp) is better known and is located almost as far north as Knivskjellodden. The North Cape is a famous tourist destination in Norway. Skrei cod hanging to dry on a rack. -
Port of North Cape
NOrTH CAPe CruiSe POrT Events: North Cape Festival, June/North Cape Film Festival, September Midnight Sun: May 11 – July 31. Cruise season: all year, main season May – September Useful links: www.nordkapp.no Cruise Information: www.portofnorthcape.com Port information: www.portofnorthcape.com | www.visitnorway.com | Page 72 | Page | www.visitnorway.com Arctic weather Photo: Bjarne Riesto Northcape Photo: Destinasjon 71 Nord Guided Fishing Village Tour Visit to a Sami Camp “Siida” Tracking tours by Arctic Guide Service AS Duration: 3 hours/Capacity 1– 400 Duration: 2– 4 hours/Capacity: 1– 100 Kirkeporten, Knivskjellodden or Hornvika. Enjoy an excursion to nearby fishing villages. On the excursion to Nordkapp one will also visit a Duration: 2.5 hours, 7 hours or 4 hours / Experience daily life and fishing activities in the local Sámi “siida” (camp) and meet up with a Sámi Family. Capacity: 1– 15 pr. guide. community, and learn about the island of Magerøya in The guide will provide knowledge of local and general. Visit in local gallery and Christmas House, Sámi history, traditions and lifestyle. For more information of the tours please contact: among others. Optionals services can be arranged. [email protected] Walking Tour in the town of Honningsvåg Photo safari NEW qUAy Duration: 2 hours/Capacity 1– 15 pr. guide Duration: 3 hours/Capacity: 1- 50 The new pier will be ready for cruise season 2011 – Here the main theme is the life in Honningsvåg The Photo Safari gives you more than through-the- we have named it Quay North. It will not only help us – in both historical and today’s perspective. -
The Know Norwaybook
International and Comparative Studies in Education and Public Information Norway is a country of winter darkness and midnight sun, advanced technology, small towns and a few cities. It has a big The Know NORWAY Book government sector, free education and Background for Understanding the Country and Its People health services, and a modern and dynamic private sector. Pakistan and Afghanistan Edition Norway is home to large communities of Pakistani, Afghan and other immigrants and refugees. Norway is one of the world’s richest and most egalitarian societies. The country’s beauty has made tourism a major income-earner, and fishing, shipping and shipbuilding industries are still important. In the last generation, North Sea oil and gas production has made Norway one of the world’s largest oil exporters – and the Norwegians are now nicknamed “the blue-eyed sheikhs”. PRINTED IN PAKISTAN Mr.Books Atle Hetland Mr.Books Sang-e-Meel Sang-e-Meel The Know NORWAY Book Background for Understanding the Country and Its People Pakistan and Afghanistan Edition Atle Hetland Published in 2010 by Mr. Books Publishers and Booksellers, Islamabad, Pakistan www.mrbook.com.pk ISBN 969-516-166-9 This book, or part thereof, may not be reproduced in print or electronlic form without the permission from the author. Sections may, however, be reproduced for internal use by educational and research institutions and organizations, with reference given to the book. Copyright © Atle Hetland 2010 All rights reserved Author: Atle Hetland English Language and Editorial Consultant: Fiona Torrens-Spence Graphic Artist and Design: Salman Beenish Views expressed and analyses in this publication are those of the author. -
Precambrian Stratigraphy in the Masi Area, Southwestern Finnmark, Norway
Precambrian Stratigraphy in the Masi Area, Southwestern Finnmark, Norway ARNE SOLLI Solli, A. 1983: Precambrian stratigraphy in the Masi area, southwestern Finnmark, Norway. Norges geol. Unders. 380, 97-105. The rocks in the Masi areaconsistsof acomformable stratigraphicsequencecontain ing three formations. The lowest is the Gål'denvarri formation, mainly containing metamorphic basic volcanics. Above this is the Masi Quartzite with a conglomerate at its base. The upper formation in the Masi area is the Suoluvuobmi formation containing metamorphic basic volcanics, metagabbros, mica schist, graphitic schist and albite fels. The eastern part of the area is dominated by granites which have an intrusive relationship to all three formations. Remnants of the Archean basement situated further to the east probably occur within the younger granites. Nothing conclusive can be said about the ages of the rocks, but for the Gål'denvarri formation an Archean age is considered most probable. The ages of the Meisi Quartzite and Suoluvuobmi formation may be Svecokarelian, but based on correlation with rocks in Finland, Archean ages also seem likely for these units. A. Solli, Norges geologiske undersokelse, P.0.80x 3006, N-7001 Trondheim, Norway. Introduction The central part of Finnmarksvidda is occupied by a dome structure of Archean granitic gneisses (Fig. 1). On each side of the dome are supracrustal rocks. To the east is the Karasjok region, and to the west is the Kautokeino- Masi region with the same types of rocks even though no direct correlation has yet been established between the two regions. Greenstones, quartzites and mica schist are the dominating rock types. A brief summary of the geo logy of Finnmarksvidda is given by Skålvoll (1978), and Fig. -
Geochronology of the Palaeoproterozoic Kautokeino Greenstone Belt, Finnmark, Norway: Tectonic Implications in a Fennoscandia Context
NORWEGIAN JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY Vol 95 Nr. 3–4 (2015) http://dx.doi.org/10.17850/njg95-3-09 Geochronology of the Palaeoproterozoic Kautokeino Greenstone Belt, Finnmark, Norway: Tectonic implications in a Fennoscandia context Bernard Bingen1,2, Arne Solli1, Giulio Viola1,3, Espen Torgersen1, Jan Sverre Sandstad1, Martin J. Whitehouse4, Torkil S. Røhr1, Morgan Ganerød1 & Aziz Nasuti1 1Geological Survey of Norway, PO Box 6315 Sluppen, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. 2Departement of Geology, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium. 3Department of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway. 4Swedish Museum of Natural History, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail corresponding author (Bernard Bingen): [email protected] Zircon U–Pb geochronological data in 18 samples from Finnmarksvidda and one sample from the Repparfjord Tectonic Window, northern Norway, constrain the evolution of the Palaeoproterozoic Kautokeino Greenstone Belt and neighbouring units in a Fennoscandia context. The Jergul Complex is an Archaean cratonic block of Karelian affinity, made of variably gneissic, tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite–granite plutonic rocks formed between 2975 ± 10 and 2776 ± 6 Ma. It is associated with the Archaean Goldenvárri greenstone–schist formation. At the base of the Kautokeino Greenstone Belt, the Masi Formation is a typical Jatulian quartzite, hosting a Haaskalehto-type, albite–magnetite-rich, mafic sill dated at 2220 ± 7 Ma. The Likčá and Čáskejas formations represent the main event of basaltic magmatism. A synvolcanic metagabbro dates this magmatism at 2137 ± 5 Ma. The geochemical and Nd isotopic signature of the Čáskejas Formation (eNd = +2.2 ± 1.7) is remarkably similar to coeval dykes intruding the Archaean Karelian Craton in Finland and Russia (eNd = +2.5 ± 1.0). -
––Two Great Waysto Discover Our Coast
Explore Norway with the experts 2021–2022 NEW The Original –– Two great Coastal Expedition Voyage ways to discover Cruises since 1893 our coast Bergen–North Cape–Bergen Dover–North Cape–Dover Bergen–Kirkenes–Bergen Explore Norway – your way Origin meets innovation, sustainability and 126 years of expertise in 2021 when Welcome Hurtigruten opens the richest ever selection of expedition cruises on our home ground, the awe-inspiring Norwegian fjord landscape. Our trailblazing 2021 Norway sailing program is rooted in a coastal legacy dating back to 1893. Hurtigruten Captains drew some of the first charts of to our these pristine waters. Family and friends on shore still dim the lights when our ships pass the houses of our crew members. This is our home, and we take advantage of our unparalleled knowledge of local nature and culture to offer you a unique way to immerse in Norway by sea. We are proud to offer you home coastal Norway in one of two ways. Whether you favour the brand-new in-depth experience of our grand Expedition cruises – directly accessible from Dover or Bergen – or the Original Coastal Voyage; we will make you feel at home. The Expedition cruises explore handpicked ports by revamped ships that are also retrofitted for green hybrid propulsion. In parallel, we also offer the Original Coastal Voyages. Calling at all the 34 tradition- al ports by environmentally friendly completely refur- bished ships, this legendary voyage represents a one-of- a-kind opportunity to get up-close to the real Norway. Welcome aboard, welcome to Norway. Daniel A.