Marriage by Religious License and Marriage by Certificate
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GHENT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF LAW INSTITUTE FOR PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW by Dalia Perkumienė THE INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE IN THE CANON AND LITHUANIAN CIVIL LAW WITH REGARD TO THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Promotor: Prof. dr. Johan Erauw A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Law at the University of Ghent 2014 GHENT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF LAW INSTITUTE FOR PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW by Dalia Perkumienė THE INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE IN THE CANON AND LITHUANIAN CIVIL LAW WITH REGARD TO THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Promotor: Prof. dr. Johan Erauw Examining Board: A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Law at the University of Ghent © 2014, Dalia Perkumienė 2 SUMMARY OF CONTENT Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Part I The Concept of family and marriage and their social meaning ........................................................... 15 Chapter 1 Family and marriage in the context of sociology .............................................................. 16 Chapter 2 Importance of marriage and family in civil and religious systems .................................... 31 Chapter 3 The historical background of family ................................................................................. 34 Chapter 4 The relationship between Church and State in a democratic State.................................... 63 Part II Spouses’ rights and duties of the engagement to marry according to civil and church law ................ 70 Part III Valid marriage requirements in the context of canon and state law .................................................... 81 Chapter 1 Relationship between requirements of State and Church .................................................. 82 Chapter 2 The Catholic Church and the State attitudes to spouses ‘personal rights and duties ...... 122 Chapter 3 The Catholic Church and the State attitudes to spouses’ property relations ................... 131 Part IV Validity and recognition of a foreign marriage and its dissolution .................................................. 156 Chapter 1 Marriage validity and recognition ................................................................................... 157 Chapter 2 Recognition of the nullity of marriage ............................................................................ 202 Chapter 3 Dissolution of marriage and problems of recognition ..................................................... 222 General Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... 262 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................... 270 List of publications ............................................................................................................................ 302 Appendices ........................................................................................................................................ 305 3 TABLE OF CONTENT Summary of content .............................................................................................................................. 3 Table of content ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Part I ................................................................................................................................................... 15 The concept of family and marriage and their social meaning............................................................ 15 Chapter 1 ........................................................................................................................... 16 Family and marriage in the context of sociology .............................................................. 16 I.The meaning of family and marriage from the historical perspective ................. 16 II.The descriptions and definitions of marriage and family ................................... 17 III. The meaning of marriage and family from a social perspective ...................... 20 IV. The meaning of marriage and family from a legal perspective ....................... 23 V. The meaning of marriage and family in non christian religious countries ............................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 2 ........................................................................................................................... 31 Importance of marriage and family in civil and religious systems .................................... 31 Chapter 3 ........................................................................................................................... 34 The historical background of family ................................................................................. 34 I. Early period ........................................................................................................ 34 II. Marriage institution in the middle ages ............................................................. 37 III. Development of church marriage institution ................................................... 40 IV. Prerequisites and nature of civil marriage ....................................................... 44 V. Approach of the modern State and the Church to the institution of marriage .... ………………………………………………………………………50 A. Approach of the modern State to the institution of marriage............................50 B. Approach of the modern Church to the institution of marriage........................51 C. The attitude of the Catholic Church towards the institution of marriage……..54 D. The civil law approach to the marriage institution…………………………...60 Chapter 4 …………………………………………………………………………………63 The relationship between Church and State in a democratic State ………………………63 I. The relationship between Church and State in the law of a liberal State………63 A. The relationship between Church and State…………………………………..63 B. Marriage by canon and state law……………………………………………...67 Part II . ………………………………………………………………………………………………70 Spouses’ rights and duties of the engagement to marry according to civil and church law ................ 70 I. The engagement institution based on the civil law ............................................ 71 II. The engagement act based on the canon law .................................................... 73 III. The relation between the Catholic Church and the State attitude to the engagement institution ......................................................................................... 75 IV. The engagement institution in comparative conflict of laws ........................... 76 Part III ................................................................................................................................................ 81 Valid marriage requirements in the context of canon and state law .................................................... 81 Chapter 1 ........................................................................................................................... 81 Relationship between requirements of State and Church .................................................. 82 I. Preamble……………………………………………………………………….. 80 II. Church requirements for a valid marriage conclusion ...................................... 85 4 III. State requirements for a valid conclusion of marriage .................................... 92 IV. Different sex of spouses as one of the main Church and State requirements for a valid marriage conclusion ...................................................... 97 A. Position of Lithuanian domestic civil law on different sex of spouses as one of the main requirements for conclusion of a valid marriage 97 B. Position of the Church on different sex of spouses as one of the main requirements for a conclusion of valid marriage 99 C. Different sex of spouses as one of the main requirements for a valid marriage conclusion in foreign countries…………………………………………………101 V. The application of free will as the main requirement for a valid church and civil marriage ............................................................................................... 106 A. The civil law attitudes to the necessity of engaged persons’ free will statement to conclude a valid marriage…………………………………………………… 106 B. The voluntary marriage as the main Church requirement for the valid marriage………………………………………………………………………... 108 VI. Spouses’ age of consent according to the civil and the canon law ................ 109 A. Age of consent of spouses in the view of civil law…………………………. 112 B. The Church position on the age of consent for the spouses………………… 113 C. Requirements for spouses’ age in other countries…………………………... 114 D. The difference and problems of evaluating the age of consent between canon and civil law……………………………………………………………………. 117 VII. International marriages requirements ........................................................... 118 Chapter 2 ........................................................................................................................