Murray Lerner

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Murray Lerner Katja Bruns: Murray Lerner Zuerst veröffentlicht in: Kieler Beiträge zur Filmmusikforschung 5,3, 2010, S. 379-385. URL dieser Online-Fassung: http://www.derwulff.de/6-20-2. Murray Lerner ist bekannt geworden als einer der er- Bloomfield sprachen über den Blues im allgemei- findungsreichsten Dokumentaristen der Musik - der nen, und auch John Hurt, Howlin‘ Wolf, Sonny Ter- Film über die China-Tournee des Violinisten Isaac ry und Brownie McGhee suchten ihre Musik in ei- Stern (FROM MAO TO MOZART: ISAAC STERN IN CHINA, nem viel weiteren Horizont von historischer und 1981 - Lerner wurde für den Film mit dem Oscar existentieller Erfahrung, von Bürgerbewegung und ausgezeichnet), ein Film über die Performance politischer Stellungnahme zu verorten. Einige Spre- (LISTENING TO YOU, 1996) ebenso wie ein interview- cher äußerten sich zu musikphilosophischen Fragen. basiertes Porträt der Gruppe The Who (AMAZING Und ein mehrfach wiederaufgenommener Kommen- JOURNEY: THE STORY OF THE WHO, 2007) sowie die Fil- tar behandelte die Natur und die gesellschaftliche me, die aus dem Material entstanden, das Lerner auf Erscheinungsweise der Folk-Musik. Sequenzen aus dem von mehr als 600.000 Besuchern frequentierten dem Film gelten heute als historische Dokumente, Isle of Wight Festival im August 1970 gedreht hatte gingen z.B. in die Ausstellung Bob Dylan's Ameri- – der Festivalfilm MESSAGE TO LOVE: THE ISLE OF can Journey 1956-1966 ein, die 2008 für die Rock‘ WIGHT FESTIVAL (1997) ebenso wie ein Film über den n‘Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland konzipiert wurde legendären Auftritt Miles Davis‘ (MILES ELECTRIC: A und seitdem auf Wanderschaft ist. DIFFERENT KIND OF BLUE, 2004), die Dokumentation des Auftritts der Gruppe The Who (LISTENING TO YOU: Sich nicht auf die Dokumentation zu beschränken, THE WHO AT THE ISLE OF WIGHT, 1970) oder Jimi Hen- sondern Musik einzubetten in tiefere Bezüge, ist al- drix‘ Performance auf dem gleichen Festival (JIMI len Lerner-Filmen als Programmatik anzumerken. HENDRIX AT THE ISLE OF WIGHT, 1991) sowie Einzeldo- Gerade das Isle of Wight Festival (in MESSAGE TO kumentationen zu den Auftritten von The Moody LOVE), das sich noch so ganz in die Euphorie der Blues, Emerson, Lake & Palmer, Leonard Cohen – großen Festivals der späten 1960er einzupassen gehören zum Grundbestand jeder Rockumentary-Fil- scheint, wird von Lerner in den für die meisten Fans mographie. noch gar nicht merkbaren Konflikt zwischen dem Image von Musikern, Bands, Festivals und der mas- Schon der erste Musikfilm Lerners – FESTIVAL (1967) siven Kommerzialisierung der Rock-, Folk- und – erlangte weltweite Aufmerksamkeit, wurde für den Popmusik hin ausgeweitet; die Auseinandersetzun- Oscar nominiert. Der durchgängig schwarzweiße gen zwischen den musikalischen Akteuren (darunter Film bot eine kaleidoskopartige Montage von Auf- The Who, Jimi Hendrix, The Doors und Jethro Tull) tritten, Interviews und Gesprächen, die auf dem Ne- mit den Veranstaltern resp. den Organisatoren des wport Folk Festival zwischen 1963 und 1966 ent- Festivals nimmt den Rang eines immer wieder vor- standen. Nicht nur, dass der Film frühe Auftritte ei- dergründig werdenden Kontrapunktes zum Bühnen- niger der wichtigsten Akteure der Rock- und Folk- geschehen ein. Das Festival nimmt manchmal die musik der frühen 1960er portätierte oder dokumen- Charakteristik eines Kampfes zwischen Veranstal- tierte (darunter Peter, Paul and Mary, Joan Baez, tern und Zuschauern an - Festivalordner, die sich mit Pete Seeger und Bob Dylan, der sowohl mit akusti- Zuschauern auseinandersetzen mußten, die die Zäu- scher wie elektrischer Gitarre spielte), sondern dass ne rund um das Festivalgelände einrissen, Organisa- gerade in den Interviews und Gesprächen weit über toren, die die Zuschauer beschimpften (nur 50.000 die reine Selbstdarstellung von Musikern hinausge- verkaufte Karten standen den 600.000 Besuchern ge- gangen wird, kennzeichnete den Film als Modell ei- genüber), Zuschauer, die sich bitter über das Zusam- ner Auffassung von filmischem Musikdokumentaris- menbrechen jeder Art von Organisation beklagten, mus, die andere Wege ging als die in den folgenden das Festival gar als „psychedelic concentration Jahren entstandenen Festival-Filme (wie MONTEREY camp“ bezeichneten: Es entsteht das Bild eines kras- POP, 1966, Don A. Pennebaker, und WOODSTOCK, sen Auseinandertreibens des Ansehens, das das Fes- 1970, Michael Wadleigh). Son House und Mike tival als eine der letzten Ausprägungen der Hippie- kultur genoß (der Titel MESSAGE OF LOVE nimmt iro- als entgegenstanden; als die Veranstalter des Isle-of- nisch darauf Bezug), und der tatsächlichen Realisie- Wight-Festivals bankrott anmelden mußten, konnte rung der Veranstaltung, die alles andere war als ein zwar der Film LISTENING TO YOU (1970) noch fertig- friedliches Nebeneinander von Musik und Zuhörern. gestellt werden, doch blieb Lerner auf 175 Stunden Gerade deshalb, weil das Festival als ökonomisches Filmmaterial sitzen. Erst in den 1990ern erwachte Unternehmen nicht mehr zu kontrollieren war, bre- das neue Interesse an den frühen Veranstaltungen der chen die Konflikte auf. Der Film wird zum Doku- Rockkultur, Castle Communications und BBC be- ment einer Entfremdung, die in der so verdeckten auftragten Lerner, das liegengebliebene Material Kommerzialisierung der frühen Rock-Events ihren aufzuarbeiten. Selbst MESSAGE TO LOVE – der Film, Ursprung hat und die gerade in Filmen wie der aus diesem Auftrag entstand –, der bereits 1995 WOODSTOCK nicht weiter bedacht wird. auf dem San-José-Festival uraufgeführt worden war und der dort große Zustimmung gefunden hatte, Auch MILES ELECTRIC beschränkt sich nicht darauf, konnte erst 1997 tatsächlich in die Auswertung ge- nur zu verzeichnen, was gewesen ist, und zeigt nicht bracht werden, als Castle und Sony Legacy den So- nur den Miles Davis, der sich von der klassischen undtrack zu dem ursprünglich für die BBC-Fernseh- Instrumentation des Jazz gelöst hat, sondern drama- auswertung produzierten Film auf den Markt brach- tisiert diesen Übergang vom Jazz zum Jazz-Rock ten. mithilfe von Animations-Sequenzen, Toncollagen und vor allem mittels Interviews mit Davis‘ Mitspie- Lerner wurde in Philadelphia geboren. Er studierte lern und anderen Musikern (darunter Herbie Han- bis 1948 an der Harvard University, gründete dort cock, Chick Corea, Carlos Santana und Joni Mit- die erste Filmproduktion der Universität. Zutiefst da- chell). Die Darstellung ist komplementiert um einen von überzeugt, dass Film die umfassende Charakte- Auftritt Davis‘ in THE STEVE ALLEN SHOW sowie um ristik einer integrierten Gesamtkunst haben solle, eine Improvisation, die in Kopenhagen entstand. Es suchte er sich in allen Feldern der Filmproduktion zu geht darum, die musikalischen Einflüsse – James professionalisieren. Seine professionelle Laufbahn Brown, Jimi Hendrix, Sly & the Family Stone wer- begann er nach dem Studium, als er als Associate den explizit genannt – festzumachen, die in der 38- Producer Kurzfilme und B-Western für Lippert Pic- minütigen Performance, die das Kernstück des Films tures Inc. betreute; um 1950 wurde er selbst Produ- bildet, kulminiert, nicht, den Auftritt selbst nur zu zent (u.a. des SF-Films ROCKETSHIP X-M, 1951). feiern. 1951 verließ er Lippert. Sein wichtigstes Tätigkeits- feld wurde neben dem Industriefilm die Produktion Wie kein zweiter Dokumentarist hat Lerner dazu von Filmen für Freizeitparks, die ihm technische beigetragen, die großen Festivals der späten 1960er Freiheiten ließen, die seinen Interessen entgegenka- im kollektiven Gedächtnis der Rockkultur wachzu- men. Er gilt bis heute als „Class A“-Kameramann, halten. Eigentlich sind es nur die Aufnahmen, die er ist Mitglied der nationalen Verbände der Regisseure während eines einzigen Festivals gemacht hatte, die und der Drehbuchautoren. Und er hat an seinen eige- seine Bedeutung als Rock-Dokumentarist begrün- nen Filmen oft mehrere Tätigkeiten gleichzeitig aus- den. Dass die Filme, die erst seit den 1990ern aus geübt. dem 1970er-Material heraus konzipiert wurden, aber nicht emphatisch oder nostalgisch mit dem Isle-of- Lerner interessierte sich schon früh für Seitenzweige Wight-Festival umgehen, sondern durch die Bank des Kinos. Der erste Film, an dem er beteiligt war kritisch und distanziert gehalten sind, dass sie das, (SECRETS OF THE REEF, 1956, Murray Lerner, Lloyd was 1970er geschah, auf innere Widersprüche oder Ritter u.a.), war ein Unterwasser-Film, der auf dem auf Entwicklungslinien des künstlerischen Aus- Gelände des Freizeitparks Marineland of Florida drucks zu beziehen suchen, kennzeichnet Lerner (9600 Ocean Shore Boulevard, Marineland, Flo.) auch als einen Historiker der Rockkultur. Dass erst entstand und der mit Aufnahmen, die viele Zuschau- in den 1990ern die Zuwendung zu dem so lange ver- er an die Bildwelten der Fantasy erinnerten, „the sto- gangenen Festival erfolgte, hängt natürlich primär ry of the birth and life of giant sea turtles, octopus, damit zusammen, dass die Geschichte der Rockmu- barracuda, sea horses, lobster, grouper, shark and sik und ihrer großen Veranstaltungen zu einem The- manta ray“ erzählte, galt der New York Times als ei- ma der Rockkultur selbst wurden. Es sind aber auch ner der zehn interessantesten Filme des Jahres. Das finanzielle Gründe, die der Aufarbeitung des Materi- Interesse an technischen Potentialen des Kinos ma- nifestierte sich in einem jahrelangen Engagement für 2009: The Moody Blues - Threshold of a Dream: Live At die Entwicklung von 3D-Technologien, vor allem The Isle Of Wight Festival (2009). des Rechnereinsatzes
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