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A Building Stone Atlas of Warwickshire
Strategic Stone Study A Building Stone Atlas of Warwickshire First published by English Heritage May 2011 Rebranded by Historic England December 2017 Introduction The landscape in the county is clearly dictated by the Cob was suitable for small houses but when more space was underlying geology which has also had a major influence on needed it became necessary to build a wooden frame and use the choice of building stones available for use in the past. The wattle fencing daubed with mud as the infilling or ‘nogging’ to geological map shows that much of this generally low-lying make the walls. In nearly all surviving examples the wooden county is underlain by the red mudstones of the Triassic Mercia frame was built on a low plinth wall of whatever stone was Mudstone Group. This surface cover is however, broken in the available locally. In many cases this is the only indication we Nuneaton-Coventry-Warwick area by a narrow strip of ancient have of the early use of local stones. Adding the stone wall rocks forming the Nuneaton inlier (Precambrian to early served to protect the wooden structure from rising damp. The Devonian) and the wider exposure of the unconformably infilling material has often been replaced later with more overlying beds of the Warwickshire Coalfield (Upper durable brickwork or stone. Sometimes, as fashion or necessity Carboniferous to early Permian). In the south and east of the dictated, the original timber framed walls were encased in county a series of low-lying ridges are developed marking the stone or brick cladding, especially at the front of the building outcrops of the Lower and Middle Jurassic limestone/ where it was presumably a feature to be admired. -
The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs Butler, Richard; Montefeltro, Felipe; Ezcurra, Martin
University of Birmingham The early evolution of Rhynchosaurs Butler, Richard; Montefeltro, Felipe; Ezcurra, Martin DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00142 License: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY) Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (Harvard): Butler, R, Montefeltro, F & Ezcurra, M 2016, 'The early evolution of Rhynchosaurs', Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2015.00142 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Frontiers is fully compliant with open access mandates, by publishing its articles under the Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC-BY). Funder mandates such as those by the Wellcome Trust (UK), National Institutes of Health (USA) and the Australian Research Council (Australia) are fully compatible with publishing in Frontiers. Authors retain copyright of their work and can deposit their publication in any repository. The work can be freely shared and adapted provided that appropriate credit is given and any changes specified. General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. -
A Beaked Herbivorous Archosaur with Dinosaur Affinities from the Early Late Triassic of Poland
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23(3):556±574, September 2003 q 2003 by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology A BEAKED HERBIVOROUS ARCHOSAUR WITH DINOSAUR AFFINITIES FROM THE EARLY LATE TRIASSIC OF POLAND JERZY DZIK Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland, [email protected] ABSTRACTÐAn accumulation of skeletons of the pre-dinosaur Silesaurus opolensis, gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Keuper (Late Triassic) claystone of KrasiejoÂw in southern Poland. The strata are correlated with the late Carnian Lehrberg Beds and contain a diverse assemblage of tetrapods, including the phytosaur Paleorhinus, which in other regions of the world co-occurs with the oldest dinosaurs. A narrow pelvis with long pubes and the extensive development of laminae in the cervical vertebrae place S. opolensis close to the origin of the clade Dinosauria above Pseudolagosuchus, which agrees with its geological age. Among the advanced characters is the beak on the dentaries, and the relatively low tooth count. The teeth have low crowns and wear facets, which are suggestive of herbivory. The elongate, but weak, front limbs are probably a derived feature. INTRODUCTION oped nutrient foramina in its maxilla. It is closely related to Azendohsaurus from the Argana Formation of Morocco (Gauf- As is usual in paleontology, with an increase in knowledge fre, 1993). The Argana Formation also has Paleorhinus, along of the fossil record of early archosaurian reptiles, more and with other phytosaurs more advanced than those from Krasie- more lineages emerge or extend their ranges back in time. It is joÂw (see Dutuit, 1977), and it is likely to be somewhat younger. -
Old Oswestry Hillfort and Its Landscape: Ancient Past, Uncertain Future
Old Oswestry Hillfort and its Landscape: Ancient Past, Uncertain Future edited by Tim Malim and George Nash Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Summertown Pavilion 18-24 Middle Way Summertown Oxford OX2 7LG www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978-1-78969-611-0 ISBN 978-1-78969-612-7 (e-Pdf) © the individual authors and Archaeopress 2020 Cover: Painting of Old Oswestry Hillfort by Allanah Piesse Back cover: Old Oswestry from the air, photograph by Alastair Reid Please note that all uncredited images and photographs within each chapter have been produced by the individual authors. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Holywell Press, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Contents Contributors ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ii Preface: Old Oswestry – 80 years on �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������v Tim Malim and George Nash Part 1 Setting the scene Chapter 1 The prehistoric Marches – warfare or continuity? �������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 David J. Matthews Chapter 2 Everybody needs good neighbours: Old Oswestry hillfort in context ��������������������������������������������� -
Spatial Distribution Update Report
Design, Planning + Prepared for: Submitted by Cheshire East Council AECOM Economics Bridgewater House, Whitworth Street, Manchester, M1 6LT July 2015 Spatial Distribution Update Report Final Report United Kingdom & Ireland AECOM Spatial Distribution Support TC-i Table of contents 1 Executive Summary 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Approach 1 1.3 Key findings 2 1.4 Options for testing the spatial distribution 5 1.5 Options analysis 10 1.6 Sustainability Appraisal and Habitats Regulation Assessment 13 1.7 Habitats Regulation Assessment 13 1.8 Recommendations 13 1.9 Implications for site allocations 15 2 Introduction and scope 17 2.1 Background to the commission 17 2.2 Council’s approach to date 17 2.3 Key objectives/issues that the commission must respond to 20 2.4 Key Requirements and Outputs 23 3 Methodology 24 3.1 Approach 24 4 Alternative spatial distribution options 27 4.2 Options for testing the spatial distribution 27 4.3 Options analysis 33 5 Summary of issues identified through the Settlement Profiles 36 5.2 Principal Towns 37 5.3 Key Service Centres 38 5.4 Local Service Centres 41 5.5 Conclusions 44 6 Vision and Strategic Priorities 47 7 Consultation and the Duty to Cooperate 49 7.1 Consultation Responses 49 7.2 Duty to Cooperate 50 8 Infrastructure 53 8.2 Public transport 53 8.3 Utilities 54 8.4 Emergency Services 54 8.5 Health facilities 54 8.6 Education 55 8.7 Leisure and culture 56 8.8 Community facilities 57 9 Highways modelling 58 10 Deliverability and Viability 62 10.2 Residential Development 62 10.3 Commercial Development 64 -
Geological Curator
ISSN 01AA-529A THE GEOLOGICAL CURATOR VOLUME 3 No 8 ISSUE 2 FOR 1983 * s.'.\ •i •5^f -^V" . »<«I« .. ^ • R and A70 THE GEOLOGICAL CURATOR SUBMISSION OF MSS Three issues are published each year. The last dates for submission of copy for publication are: November 1st. for first issue of following year March 1st. for second issue August 1st. for third issue. Articles should be sent to the editor typed and, if possible, camera ready to the A4 format we use as this may help expedite publication. Enquiries and contributions to Tim Pettigrew, Sunderland Museum, Borough Road, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear SRI IPP. Tel. No. 0783-41235 Ext. 13. COLLECTIONS AND INFORMAnON LOST AND FOUND. All items relating to this section in the Geological Curator should be sent to: Dr. Hugh S. Torrens, Geology Dept., University of Keele, Keele, Staffs. ST5 5BG. Tel. 0782-621111 Ext. 493. INFORMATION SERIES ON GEOLOGICAL COLLECTION LABELS All enquiries and items should be sent to: Ron. Cleevely, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD. Tel. No. 01-389-6323 Ext. 418. NOTES AND NEWS All items relating to this section should be sent to Tony Cross, Curtis Museum, High Street, Alton, Hants GU34 IBA. ADVERTISEMENT CHARGES Full A4 page £23 per issue Half A4 page £14 per issue Discounts for space bought in three or more issues. Further details from Diana Smith, Castle Museum, Norwich, Norfolk NRl 3JU. Tel. No. 0603-611277 Ext. 287. SUBSCRIPTION CHARGES Members subscription £3 per year Institutional Membership £7 per year Overseas Institutional Membership £9 per year All enquiries to Treasurer/Membership Secretary, Tom Sharpe (see address below) BACKNUMBERS of the Geological Curator (and its predecessor; the Newsletter of the Geological Curators Group) are available at £1.73 each (except vol. -
Vertebrate Tracks from the Triassic Helsby Sandstone Formation at Burton Upon Trent, Staffordshire
Vertebrate tracks from the Triassic Helsby Sandstone Formation at Burton upon Trent, Staffordshire Jeremy Lockwood, Colin Bagshaw and Stuart Pond Abstract: Triassic vertebrate tracks have been described from several localities in the Burton upon Trent area. The National Brewery Centre Museum in Burton upon Trent holds two slabs showing tracks attributed to Chirotherium from a find at Ashby Road in 1912. A natural cast of a print from the same excavation is in a private collection. Slabs bearing Rhynchosauroides prints that were purchased by the Natural History Museum in 1848 and 1858 were erroneously listed as coming from ‘Staunton’ but were actually found at Stanton, close to Burton upon Trent and about 2 km from the Ashby Road finds. Within this ichnoassemblage, the Ashby Road tracks are assigned to Chirotherium cf. barthii and the Stanton tracks to Rhynchosauroides rectipes and Rotodactylus isp. The Chirotherium tracks have an unusually large digit II and manus. Photogrammetry has been used to enhance details of the Chirotherium specimens. The outcrops adjacent to the eastern end of the old A few hundred metres to the east of the old Trent Trent Bridge (Fig. 1) in Burton upon Trent consist of Bridge, the Helsby Sandstone is overlain by the Tarporley the uppermost part of the Sherwood Sandstone Group. Siltstone, the lowest formation of the Mercia Mudstone This was formerly known as the Bromsgrove Sandstone Group. Rocks of this age are, along with younger units Formation, of early Mid-Triassic (Anisian) age. The elsewhere, the source of the gypsum that hardens the Anisian Stage extends from 247.2 to 242 Ma (Mundil local groundwater on which Burton has depended for et al., 2010; Cohen et al., 2013). -
Trail 2 Leaflet
2) Turn left and follow the wide track for around 120m before turning Start Point: The Old Weighbridge (GR: SO 75365997) TRAIL 2 right up a diagonal path to a terrace below a quarry face. Please note Trail map: Inside page that this section of the trail (all the way to point 4) follows a private Ordnance Survey map: Explorer 204 path on private land. Parking: Martley Memorial Hall, Church; Crown car park (ask) 0mm 5mm 10mm Provisions: Crown pub and Central Stores opposite This exposure of Bromsgrove weighbridge, Masons Arms 1 mile east B4204; Admiral Sandstone allows you to take a Rodney 1 mile south B4197 close look of the nature of the Other Trails: see overview maps on Weighbridge noticeboard rock. Historically the rock has been quarried as building stone, 1) Start at the Old Weighbridge, opposite shops and Crown pub, however it is a soft, friable Bromsgrove Sandstone central Martley where the B4204 crosses the B4197. Walk rock.Rock falls from the unstable leaflets, information, geology and other, are available here or in upper layers at these sandstone sites do occur. For your own safety, the shop. Cross the B4197 and follow the footpath between the we strongly advise visitors not to approach the rock faces. The pub and garage to the field edge. interpretation board located at the south-western end of the rock face explains the environment under which the Bromsgrove Take a look at the ground around you on the path and in the field. Sandstone formed and the industrial archaeology of the site. -
Staffordshire Geodiversity Action Plan
Staffordshire Geodiversity Action Plan Laura Cox Geodiversity Officer © 2003/2004 Staffordshire Wildlife Trust Contributors Staffordshire Geodiversity Action Plan Steering Group: Paul Wilcox - SGAP Chairman. Staffordshire County Planning Alastair Fleming - Education Dept, Keele University Sue Lawley* - Staffordshire Wildlife Trust Laurence Crump - Hanson Aggregates Paul Brewer - Tarmac Central Ltd Jonathan Blowers - English Nature Vicki Shenton* - Chairman, SRIGS John Reynolds * - ESTA / UKRIGS Laura Cox* - SWT Geodiversity Officer *indicates members of Staffordshire RIGS group Additional Thanks To: Craig Slawson, Staffordshire Ecological Records Don Steward, Potteries Museum and Art Gallery Keith Ambrose, British Geological Survey Funding Bodies: Aggregates Levy Sustainability Fund through English Nature Front cover photograph: Highshutt Quarry RIGS (L Cox) STAFFORDSHIRE GEODIVERSITY ACTION PLAN i How This Action Plan Should Be Used The Staffordshire Geodiversity Action Plan provides a framework within which various targets and actions are outlined to deliver a sustainable and local approach to the conservation and promotion of the geodiversity of the county. The SGAP is structured around the following key elements: 1. What geodiversity means in Staffordshire and whom it affects – this is detailed in Chapter 1 and explains how the SGAP will focus on target areas to deliver the key aims such as promoting geodiversity, protecting and enhancing SSSI and RIGS sites and their educational and amenity value within the county. 2. SGAP Objectives, Targets and Actions – this represents an integrated approach to conserving and promoting geodiversity in Staffordshire. It provides a summary of the targets and actions that are detailed in the following Chapters. This can be found in Chapter 2 3. The geodiversity of Staffordshire – this is shown through a detailed stratigraphy of the geology of Staffordshire and the use of English Nature’s Natural Areas. -
Triassic: Seasonal Rivers, Dusty Deserts and Saline Lakes
Triassic: seasonal rivers, dusty deserts and saline lakes Ruffell, A., & Hounslow, M. (2006). Triassic: seasonal rivers, dusty deserts and saline lakes. In P. F. Rawson, & P. Brenchley (Eds.), The Geology of England & Wales. (pp. 295-325). Geological Society of London. Published in: The Geology of England & Wales. Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:28. Sep. 2021 Triassic: seasonal rivers, 13 dusty deserts and saline lakes M. W. HOUNSLOW & A. H. RUFFELL The collision of Siberia and the Kazakstan microplate with European palaeoenvironmental signatures the eastern side of the Fennoscandia continent in the Permian amalgamated the last major continental fragments to produce The Permian witnessed the fragmentation of the core of the the supercontinent Pangaea, which persisted into the Jurassic Variscan Mountains into a number of separate areas, such as the Armorican, Bohemian and Iberian massifs (Fig. -
Valuing Our Parish Landscape
4. Valuing Our Parish Landscape 4.1 The village of Kelsall is situated on the west facing slopes of the Mid-Cheshire Ridge, also known as the Sandstone Ridge, which extends for approximately 28 kms, from Frodsham/Helsby in the north to the Larkton hills in the south. This ridge effectively divides the Cheshire plain into a western and an eastern sector. Kelsall's landscape setting in the distinctive pass is unique. Today that landscape is enjoyed by all who travel along the scenic bypass of the village which for decades was known for heavily congested traffic winding up the hill. 4.2 Today's nucleated village has evolved from a scattering of hamlets, isolated farms and cottages in the valley from Lower Kelsall to Kelsall Hill. It is this distinctive valley, rising eastwards, which determines the shape and character of the settlement. Indeed it is the valley which probably gave rise to part of the place name since halgh means a nook or valley - hence Kelsall. Nearby is the site of Kelsborrow, recorded as the site of a prehistoric fortified outlook, but who Kel might have been remains a mystery. 4.3 The initial workshop held in February 2005 focused on the landscape features of the parish resulting in a selection of photographs and a detailed consideration of the geology and topography. In addition in May 2005 Year 6 pupils at Kelsall Community School undertook a project exploring Kelsall’s Landscape Story. All the pupils contributed to an evening of presentations and a group of outstanding landscape paintings together with a selection of the children’s written work including the poem below (p.13). -
Rifts, Rivers and Climate Recovery: a New Model for the Triassic of England
Elsevier Editorial System(tm) for Proceedings of the Geologists' Association Manuscript Draft Manuscript Number: Title: Rifts, rivers and climate recovery: a new model for the Triassic of England Article Type: SI: The Geology of England Keywords: Permian; Triassic; England Corresponding Author: Dr. Andrew J Newell, Corresponding Author's Institution: British Geological Survey First Author: Andrew J Newell Order of Authors: Andrew J Newell Abstract: Triassic basins of England developed under a regime of largely W-E extension and progressed from non-marine fluvial and aeolian sedimentation (Sherwood Sandstone Group), through semi-marine playa lacustrine deposits (Mercia Mudstone Group) to fully marine environments (Blue Anchor Formation and Penarth Group). A new tectono-stratigraphic model for the Sherwood Sandstone Group is proposed in which two major long-distance river systems developed under conditions of relative fault inactivity in the Early Triassic (Budleigh Salterton Pebble Beds and equivalent) and Middle Triassic (Otter Sandstone and equivalent). These are separated by a late Early Triassic syn-rift succession of fluvio- aeolian sandstones (Wildmoor and Wilmslow sandstone formations) and playa lacustrine muds (Nettlecombe Formation) which show major thickness variation and localisation with hanging wall basins. The partitioning of syn-rift deposits into mudstones in upstream basins (close to the source of water and sediment) and clean aeolian or fluvio-aeolian sandstones in downstream basins is similar to the pattern observed in the underlying Late Permian. Under conditions of rapid tectonic subsidence chains of extensional basins may become disconnected with upstream basins (Wessex Basin) acting as traps for fines and water permitting more aeolian activity in temporarily unlinked downstream basins (Worcester and Cheshire basins).