Passenham CONSERVATION AREA AP P R a I S a L and MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Passenham CONSERVATION AREA AP P R A I S A L AND MANAGEMENT PLAN Adopted January 2016 Passenham is a place of special character and historic interest. This appraisal and management plan sets out the features that contribute to its distinctiveness and identifies opportunities for its preservation and enhancement. 1 Contents Summary 3 Spatial Analysis 15 Summary of special interest 3 Land use 15 Key characteristics 3 Settlement pattern 15 Summary of issues & 3 Street pattern, means of 15 opportunities enclosure and footpaths The conservation area boundary 4 Open space, hedges and trees 17 Scale and massing 18 Introduction and Planning 5 Views 19 Policy Context What is a conservation area? 5 Architectural Analysis 21 Planning policy context 5 Building age, type and style 21 What does conservation area 6 Materials 22 status mean? Roofscape 22 Windows 22 Location, Topography and 7 Geology Doors and porches 23 Location 7 Positive buildings 23 Topography and geology 8 Boundary Justification 25 History and Development 9 Background 25 Background 9 Eastern boundary 26 Roman 9 Southern boundary 26 Anglo-Saxon 9 Western boundary 26 Early Medieval and Medieval 9 17th and18th centuries 11 Management Plan 27 19th and 20th centuries 12 Policy Context 27 Important and landmark buildings 13 Threats 27 Archaeological 14 Management proposals 28 Further Sources of Information 32 2 Summary Summary of special interest Strong boundary lines are a common feature across the conservation area for both the Passenham has been a dynamic and evolving historic and modern properties. The attached settlement for centuries, with archaeological wall around the Manor House is Grade II listed. evidence indicating activity as early as the Iron This reflects the style of the house built of Age. The first written record of the village was in limestone with tile coping. Elsewhere the 921 when Edward the Elder set up camp at boundary line is delineated by trees and fences Passenham whilst the Roman walls were with the larger properties sitting further back repaired at Towcester after he had repelled a within more spacious plots not always visible previous Danish attack. from the highway. Passenham was an important medieval village, Trees play an important part in the character of larger than today‟s settlement. It was the the conservation area offering a sense of scale administrative and ecclesiastical centre of the and contributing to the rural character of the parish which included the surrounding villages settlement. of Deanshanger, Stony Stratford and Puxley and parts of the royal hunting forest of Due to the rural, isolated nature of Passenham Whittlewood. This indicates the prominence and open space plays an important part in the wealth of the former lords of the manor. setting of the built form and understanding the historical development of the settlement. There Sir Roger Banastre, lord of the manor and are various landscape features, both man-made Royal Comptroller in the 17th century, was and natural that contribute to the character of highly influential in the development of the the conservation area including the surrounding village. His legacy remains today in parts of the ridge and furrow and water meadows. Manor House, dovecote, tithe barns and St Guthlac‟s Church, the latter exhibiting a fine and rich interior for such a small building. Summary of issues and opportunities The village contracted during the field enclosure Change is inevitable in all conservation areas completed by Banastre and has since remained and it is not the intention of designation to a small rural hamlet historically controlled by prevent the continued evolution of a place. The successive lords of the manor and with strong challenge with conservation areas is to manage agricultural roots evident in the surrounding change in a way that preserves, reinforces and ridge and furrow. enhances the special character and quality of the areas. Key characteristics The preservation and enhancement of the special character of the conservation area will The built form is predominantly limestone with owe much to positive management. In addition plain red clay tile roofing. Dwellings tend to be to the existing national statutory legislation and two storeys in height with dormer windows a local planning controls the following prominent feature of the roof scape. opportunities for enhancement have been Barns and outbuildings are also common due to identified: the agricultural nature of the settlement. These are usually single storey with some later converted for residential use. The Grade I listed tithe barns at the Manor House are a particularly distinctive feature of the area. 3 Summary Establish a list of locally significant buildings Promote the sympathetic management of and policies for their protection. open space within the conservation area including verges, and work with the highways Encourage the preservation and authorities to avoid the insertion of enhancement of surviving historic detail and inappropriate kerbing and footpaths which the reinstatement of appropriately designed would have a harmful urbanising effect. detailed fittings in buildings considered to be of significance to the character area and appearance of the conservation area. The use of Article 4 Directions, which remove the permitted development rights of dwelling houses, will help to achieve this. Ensure that all new development is sustainable, high quality, well designed and responds to its context in terms of urban and architectural design. Figure 1: The boundary for Passenham Conservation Area © Bluesky World international Ltd 4 1. Introduction and Planning Policy Context 1.1 What is a conservation area? basis for making informed, sustainable decisions in the positive management, Conservation areas were introduced under the protection and enhancement of the conservation Civic Amenities Act of 1967. That Act required area. Local Planning Authorities to identify areas, as opposed to individual buildings, of special This appraisal provides a clear understanding of architectural or historic interest and to designate special interest of Passenham by assessing them as conservation areas. how the settlement has developed, analysing its present day character and identifying Since 1967 some 9,800 conservation areas opportunities for enhancement. This appraisal have been designated, including 60 in the South has been the subject of public consultation and Northamptonshire District to date. Passenham was adopted by the Council on 20 January 2016 Conservation Area was designated in 1985 and at which time it became a material consideration was reviewed again in 2015. in the determination of planning applications within the conservation area and its setting and other decisions. 1.2 Planning policy context The appraisal is not intended to be The Planning (Listed Building and Conservation comprehensive and the omission of any Areas) Act 1990 is the Act of Parliament which particular building, feature or space should not today provides legislation for the protection of be taken to imply that it is not of interest. the nation‟s heritage of buildings and places of architectural and historic interest. This appraisal should be read in conjunction with the wider national and local planning policy Section 69 of the 1990 Act defines a and guidance including the National Planning conservation area as: Policy Framework (NPPF) under which a “...an area of architectural or historic interest the conservation area is deemed to be a heritage character and appearance of which it is asset. desirable to preserve and enhance.” The South Northamptonshire Local Plan was The 1990 Act also places a duty on Local adopted in 1997 and saved in part in September Planning Authorities to consider revisions of the 2007. It designates Passenham as one of six boundaries of their conservation areas from Restraint Villages in the district. These villages “time to time”. It is now considered appropriate have a policy akin to the open countryside to review the Passenham Conservation Area in where development is severely restricted. order to further define its key characteristics. The West Northamptonshire Joint Core Strategy This document is an appraisal of Passenham 2014 sets out the long-term vision and Conservation Area and is based on a standard objectives for the whole of South format derived from the advice contained within Northamptonshire to 2029, including strategic the English Heritage guidance ‘Understanding policies for steering and shaping development. Place: Conservation Area Designation, Policy BN5 of that strategy relates to the historic Appraisal and Management’ published in 2011. environment and states that: By updating the Conservation Area Appraisal for Designated and non designated heritage assets Passenham the special character and and their settings and landscapes will be appearance of the area can continue to be conserved and enhanced in recognition of their identified and protected. The Conservation Area individual and cumulative significance and Appraisal and Management Plan provides the contribution the local distinctiveness and sense 5 1. Introduction and Planning Policy Context In order to secure and enhance the advertisements including illuminated significance of the area‟s heritage assets and advertisements on business premises and their settings and landscape, development in adverts on hoardings around development areas of landscape sensitivity and/or known sites. historic or heritage significance will be required to: 1. Sustain