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Cubism Futurism Art Deco 20TH Century Art Early 20th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM: Cubism Futurism Art Deco to show the ‘concept’ of an object rather than creating a detail of the real thing to show different views of an object at once, emphasizing time, space & the Machine age to simplify objects to their most basic, primitive terms 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Pablo Picasso 1881-1973 Considered most influential artist of 20th Century Blue Period Rose Period Analytical Cubism Synthetic Cubism 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Early works by a young Picasso Girl Wearing Large Hat, 1901. Lola, the artist’s sister, 1901. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Blue Period Blue Period (1901-1904) Moves to Paris in his late teens Coping with suicide of friend Paintings were lonely, depressing Major color was BLUE! 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Blue Period Pablo Picasso, Blue Nude, 1902. BLUE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Blue Period Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait, 1901. BLUE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Blue Period Pablo Picasso, Tragedy, 1903. BLUE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Blue Period Pablo Picasso, Le Gourmet, 1901. BLUE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s work at the National Gallery (DC) 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Rose Period Rose Period (1904-1906) Much happier art than before Circus people as subjects Reds and warmer colors Pablo Picasso, Harlequin Family, 1905. ROSE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Rose Period Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905. ROSE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Rose Period Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905. ROSE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Picasso’s Rose Period Pablo Picasso, Girl With a Goat, 1906. ROSE PERIOD 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Proto-Cubism Much more abstract than before… Pablo Picasso, Composition with Skull, 1908. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Proto-Cubism Constantin Brancusi, The Kiss, 1907-08. Limestone. Brancusi, one of the pioneers of geometric abstraction in sculpture, created many versions of The Kiss, further simplifying geometric forms and sparse objects in each version, tending each time further toward abstraction. His abstract style emphasizes simple geometrical lines that balance forms inherent in his materials with the symbolic allusions of representational art. Here, the shape of the original block of material is maintained. This version of The Kiss is one of the artists most well known works. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Georges Braque, Musical Instruments, 1908. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Georges Braque, Fruitdish, 1908-09. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Pablo Picasso, Three Musicians, 1921. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles D’Avignon, 1907. “I paint forms as I think them, not as I see them” 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Major influences… Paul Cezanne Femme de Vert (Post-Impressionist) 1909 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Major influences… African Zimba Mask Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Major influences… African Zimba Mask Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Analytical Cubism Analytical Cubism Little contrast in color Complex and systematic design Faceted shapes, translucent divisions of space Differing views of the same subject in the same work Invented by Picasso and George Braque - at the same time, but not really in collaboration Retains some sort of depth Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Vollard, 1910. ANALYTICAL CUBISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Analytical Cubism Pablo Picasso, Aficionado, 1912. ANALYTICAL CUBISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Analytical Cubism George Braque, The Portuguese, 1911. Oil on canvas. ANALYTICAL CUBISM The Portuguese marks an interesting point in the development of Braque’s paintings. In the top right hand corner, he stenciled the letters “D BAL” and under them, roman numerals. Although he had included numbers and letters into a still life in 1910, they were a representational element of the painting. In this piece, the letters and numbers are a purely compositional addition. Braque’s intentions at adding the letters are many, but mostly they are added to make the viewer aware of the canvas itself. In representational paintings, the canvas is there only as a surface to hold whatever image the painter desires. By adding numbers, out of context elements, and surface textures, he believed that the canvas can also hold outside elements, making the surface of the painting just as important as what is put on top of it. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Synthetic Cubism Synthetic Cubism Invented by Braque and Picasso Puts forms back together after breaking them apart “Collage” comes from French word for “glue” Foreign materials are pasted onto the design- makes the collage look like a real surface Scraps are changed and painted on, giving them a double meaning George Braque, Gillet, 1914. New Space Concept - first since Masaccio 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Cubism & Picasso Synthetic Cubism Pablo Picasso, Glass and Bottle of Suze, 1912. SYNTHETIC CUBISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Futurism Futurism First announced on Feb. 20, 1909 Newspaper Le Figaro published a manifesto by the Italian poet and editor Tommaso Marinetti: We will fight with all our might the fanatical, senseless and snobbish religion of the past, a religion encouraged by the vicious existence of museums. We rebel against that spineless worshiping of old canvases, old statues and old bric-a-brac, against everything which is filthy and worm-ridden and corroded by time. We consider the habitual contempt for everything which is young, new and burning with life to be unjust and even criminal. To purposely intended to inspire public anger and amazement, to arouse controversy, and Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of to attract widespread attention. Continuity in Space, 1913. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Futurism Boccioni, Dynamism of a Cyclist, 1913. FUTURISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Futurism Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910. FUTURISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Futurism Natalia Goncharova, The Cyclist. 1913. FUTURISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Futurism Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913-1914. FUTURISM 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco The Chrysler Building, NYC Art Deco Art Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design. This movement was a combination of many different styles and movements of the early 20th century, including Constructionism, Cubism, Modernism, Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, and Futurism. Its popularity apexed during the 1920s. Although many design movements have political or philosophical roots or intentions, Art Deco was purely decorative. At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional, and ultra modern. William Van Alen, The Chrysler Building, 1930. 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco The Chrysler Building, NYC 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco The Chrysler Building, NYC 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco The Chrysler Building, NYC 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Elevators, The Chrysler Building, NYC 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Simon Kenton HS, Independence, KY 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Cincinnati Museum Center (formerly Union Terminal) 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Other Art Deco Examples 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Other Art Deco examples 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Other Art Deco Examples 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Other Art Deco Examples 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Art Deco Other Art Deco Examples 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Dada Jean Arp, Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance, 1916-17. DADA Started as a reaction to the horrors of WWI and Nihilism Began independently in Zurich and NY French for “hobbyhorse”, but the word itself had no meaning Believed that reason and logic had been responsible for war Only hope was anarchy, irrationality, and intuition Pessimism and disgust of the artists helped them reject tradition- Arp pioneered the use of chance in artwork- released him from the role of artist For Dadaists, the idea of chance comes from the unconsciousness- influenced by Freud 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Dada “We had lost confidence in our culture. Everything had to be demolished… At the Cabaret Voltaire we began by shocking common sense, public opinion, education, institutions, museums, good taste, in short, the whole prevailing order.” Hannah Hoch, The Pretty Maiden, 1920. DADA 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Dada Jean Arp Mountain, Table, Anchors, Navel. 1925. DADA 20TH CENTURY ART & ARCHITECTURE Dada Marcel Duchamp Marcel Duchamp Duchamp was the central figure in NY Dada scene. He exhibited his first “ready-made” sculptures - mass produced common products “selected” by the artist Free from the opinions of the population- neither good or bad taste Forces viewers to see the “artness” of objects by seeing
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