The Urban Community Development Commission (UCDC) Was Established by Ordinance No

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Urban Community Development Commission (UCDC) Was Established by Ordinance No -1- Tuesday, April 05, 2011 NOTICE The Urban Community Development Commission (UCDC) was established by Ordinance No. 1,479, adopted on July 15, 1975. The Commission functions as the governing body for the Community Redevelopment Agency (CRA) and the Local Housing Authority (LHA) and exercises the power, authority, jurisdiction and functions of redevelopment agencies, housing authorities and federal surplus property authorities granted under the Marks Foran Residential Rehabilitation Act to charter cities. URBAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION AGENDA Tuesday, April 05, 2011 5:30 PM WORKSHOP(S) HEARING(S) OPENING ROLL CALL PUBLIC COMMENTS ON AGENDA AND NON -AGENDA ITEMS APPROVAL OF MINUTES 1. March 15, 2011 CLOSED SESSION UNFINISHED BUSINESS -2- Tuesday, April 05, 2011 NEW BUSINESS 2. A RESOLUTION OF THE URBAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION, ACTING AS THE COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF COMPTON AUTHORIZING THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY TO ENTER INTO AN EXCLUSIVE NEGOTIATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY AND STRATUS DEVELOPMENT COMPANY TO WORK OUT THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF A DISPOSITION AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT FOR THE ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN AGENCY-OWNED PROPERTY LOCATED AT 16208 - 16216 ATLANTIC AVENUE IN THE COMPTON REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 3. A RESOLUTION OF THE URBAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION, ACTING AS THE COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF COMPTON AUTHORIZING THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY TO ENTER INTO AN EXCLUSIVE NEGOTIATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY AND WALBERN DEVELOPMENT TO WORK OUT THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF A DISPOSITION AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT FOR THE ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN PROPERTY LOCATED IN THE COMPTON REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA IN CONNECTION WITH THE AGENCY’S 2010 TAX ALLOCATION BOND PROGRAM COMMISSION COMMENTS ADJOURNMENT #1. MARCH 15, 2011 The Urban Community Development Commission meeting was called to order at 5:49 p.m. in the Council Chambers of City Hall by Chairperson Pro-Tem Willie Jones. The Pledge of Allegiance and Moment of Silence ceremonies were led by Chairperson Pro-Tem Willie Jones. ROLL CALL Commissioners Present: Dobson, Arceneaux, Jones Commissioners Absent: Calhoun, Perrodin Other Officials Present: C. Cornwell, A. Godwin, W. Norfleet *Chairperson Perrodin in at 5:50 p.m. PUBLIC COMMENTS ON AGENDA AND NON-AGENDA ITEMS Jacquelyn O. Fleming , Compton resident, spoke in opposition to a council agenda item proposing the removal of disruptive audience members. Joyce Kelly , Compton resident, made a recommendation for the development of street signs and banners encouraging support for Jacob Lusk on American Idol. She suggested that this would be a priceless way of making millions of people aware of the wonderful talents in the City of Compton. She referenced an article she read in the Press Telegram concerning a collaborative effort between the cities of Paramount, Cerritos and Lakewood. She explained that they would be working to establish a partnership between their Chambers to help assist the business owners. She claimed that she’s only seen the President and Vice President of the Compton Chamber of Commerce bashing the residents at council meetings. She subsequently asked that this Body do something beneficial for the City of Compton and reiterated her requests for banners and posters to help Jacob Lusk become the next American Idol. Jose Cortez , Compton resident, referenced a letter he received from the City regarding a converted garage on his property. He indicated that an inspector was sent out and he was told to simply refrain from renting the garage out. He stated that he received another letter from the City in October of last year and after addressing the issue with staff they requested proof of an inspector going to his home. Mr. Cortez indicated that he received another letter yesterday claiming that he owes the City $120.00 payable in thirty days. He subsequently requested the council’s assistance in this matter. Craig Cornwell , City Attorney, requested Mr. Cortez’ contact information in order schedule a meeting to review his file. -1- #1. Lorraine Cervantes , Compton resident, stated that she really enjoyed herself at the Mardi Gras Celebration held on Saturday. She indicated that she was pleased with the compliments the City received from people from other cities. She mentioned that she has been a resident for 58 years and an activist for more than 40 years. She stated that she was unable to attend the council meeting last week due to a College Board meeting, and subsequently stated that she would appreciate if this Body would disallow speakers from verbally attacking and degrading other individuals at the podium. Ms. Cervantes disputed the comments about Chamber President Lestean Johnson attacking Joyce Kelly. She indicated that she was a witness to the incident, as where several other individuals. Chairperson Perrodin asked that she keep her comments within the current agenda. Ms. Cervantes also asked that Chairperson Perrodin make the other speakers do the same. William Kemp , Compton resident, requested the amount of money already expended out of the Executive Secretary's non-departmental fund. He stated that the amount was not articulated in his manuscript. Chairperson Perrodin requested the item being addressed under this commission should be discussed under the city council agenda. Mr. Kemp indicated that he was addressing the non-departmental account. Chairperson Perrodin explained to Mr. Kemp that the non-departmental account does not fall under this commission and advised him to refer his comments to this commission. Chairperson Perrodin stated that if he continued to persist in his comments he would ask him to sit down or leave the chambers. The meeting was recessed at 6 p.m. and reconvened at 6:01 p.m. Lynn Boone , Compton resident, commented on a special meeting that was cancelled last week. She stated that there was an item on that agenda that proposed the sale of Agency owned properties to the City of Compton. She indicated that Item Number Two addressing the maintenance and landscaping services on agency-owned properties. She stated that the City of Compton is one out of three cities in the County of Los Angeles with the highest percentage of unemployed residents and questioned why the City hires companies outside the City of Compton. She stated that there was no background information for Artistic Solutions Landscaping, Inc. or for any of the other contractors within the resolution. Ms. Boone referred back to the special meeting and the proposed sale of agency-owned properties, and questioned why the City could not advertise for community involved bidding. -2- #1. APPROVAL OF MINUTES 1. March 1, 2011 On motion by Arceneaux, seconded by Dobson, the minutes were approved, by the following vote on roll call: AYES: Commissioners - Dobson, Arceneaux, Jones, Perrodin NOES: Commissioners - None ABSENT: Commissioners - Calhoun UNFINISHED BUSINESS - There was no Unfinished Business. NEW BUSINESS 2. A RESOLUTION OF THE URBAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION ACTING AS THE COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF COMPTON AUTHORIZING THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY TO ENTER INTO AN AGREEMENT WITH ARTISTIC SOLUTIONS LANDSCAPING, INC. TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE AND LANDSCAPING SERVICES FOR AGENCY-OWNED PROPERTIES, POCKET PARKS, AND VACANT LOTS (REMOVED) Councilperson Dobson asked the Executive Secretary if he felt the city employees could provide this service. Willie Norfleet , Executive Secretary, replied affirmatively. Commissioner Jones also voiced a concern for a twelve month agreement on the general fund, in light of Governor Brown’s proposal to terminate redevelopment agency funding. Mr. Norfleet explained that these funds would be disbursed from the Community Redevelopment Agency’s budget. Craig Cornwell , City Attorney, stated that he was confident that the City would include a termination clause. Commissioner Jones indicated that he would not be in favor of paying $40,000 out of the general fund. Chairperson Perrodin stated that the contract could include stipulations that protect the City. Mr. Cornwell mentioned that there could be multiple reasons for termination and subsequently as a manner of course termination clauses are implemented to give the Agency the flexibility to terminate an agreement. -3- #1. Commissioner Jones indicated that he was unaware of all the legal exceptions that might occur and cited that he would have some concern about that. Mr. Jones also reiterated that staff could perform the duties of this agreement. Chairperson Perrodin questioned why this item would be on the agenda if the Executive Secretary and his staff felt these duties could be performed by city staff. Chairperson Perrodin requested the pleasure of the commission. Commissioner Dobson asked that this item be removed to allow staff the opportunity to provide the service. Chairperson Perrodin stated that in several cities, in order to protect the taxpayers’ dollars; in a contract like this; the City could also bid on this contract to allow the City to obtain the lowest bid. Commissioner Jones stated that he agrees with Commissioner Dobson’s recommendation to remove this item. Commissioner Arceneaux stated that this issue is a double-edged sword for her because the City is accumulating a lot of pocket parks and consequently more work is going to be scheduled for the city departments. She stated that the parks have not been maintained even with the contract agreement with the current landscapers. She indicated that she has to continually call a particular company to maintain the medians. She asked that whichever agency performs this service that they be monitored and held accountable. Commissioner Arceneaux mentioned that Carson and Compton have the same contractor however the City of Carson’s medians look altogether different than Compton’s. Ms. Arceneaux indicated that it was imperative that contractor’s be held accountable. Commissioner Dobson stated that she did not realize that the City would have to bid for the contract. Chairperson Perrodin stated that he was just making a suggestion to ensure that the City has the lowest responsible bid.
Recommended publications
  • Structural PERFORMANCE Structural Design Challenges for Tall Buildings in Mexico City Part 2: a 20-Year Perspective by Ahmad Rahimian, Ph.D., P.E., S.E
    structural PERFORMANCE Structural Design Challenges for Tall Buildings in Mexico City Part 2: A 20-year Perspective By Ahmad Rahimian, Ph.D., P.E., S.E. F.ASCE, Rodolfo E. Valles Mattox, Ph.D., Esteban Anzola, P.E., Ilya Shleykov, Ph.D., P.E., LEED AP BD+C, Sissy Nikolaou, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, ® and Guillermo Diaz-Fanas, P.E. nnovation and resourcefulness in the engineering of tall Ibuildings are one of the cornerstone requirements of build- ing resilient cities and communities. Successful performance of these structures during extreme natural events is livingCopyright proof of the value of design that targets resilient performance, enhancing the confidence of the stakeholders and the public for the engineering and technologies used. Mexico City is a mega-city where performance-based design using cutting-edge technologies in the past two decades has been tested repeatedly by large earthquakes, floods, and winds. This city has evolved from the ancient Aztec capital to one of the most prominent modern metropoles of Latin America. The economic growth in recent years has resulted in an increase of the city’s footprint by Figure 9. Paseo de la Reforma development in the past two decades (top). Location of a factor of 100 to accommodate the millions of people that have the iconic towers Torre Mayor and Cuarzo Reforma (bottom). (Top left ©2003-2006 moved into Mexico City from rural areas, generatingmagazine an ever- by V. Shmatikov; top right by S. Ruiz). increasing demand for tallerS buildings T and deeper R basements. U C T U R E The design and construction challenges that the City of Mexico avenues that have been home to tall buildings since the 1990s with presents are multi-faceted due to its location in one of the most the development of Torre Mayor, the tallest building at the time of adverse geologic and tectonic environments in the world, as its construction until recently.
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquakes Chapter 4.8
    EARTHQUAKES CHAPTER 4.8 Although New York City does not sit on a seismically active fault line, earthquakes are a possibility. While the probability of a strong earthquake occurring is moderate, the risk is heightened by our population density, the scale of our built environment, the interdependencies of critical infrastructure systems, the age of much of our infrastructure, and the fact that much of our building stock was constructed before New York City adopted seismic design provisions for buildings in 1995. W HAT IS THE HAZARD? An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the ground caused when two blocks of earth slip past each other beneath the surface. Most earthquakes originate from pre-existing faults or from new breaks in the rocks that make up the earth’s crust, along which rocks on either side move past each other. As the rock is strained, potential energy builds up. Eventually, it becomes so great that it is abruptly released in the form of seismic waves. These waves travel away from the earthquake’s deep-underground source – the focus – causing shaking at the earth’s surface that geologists and engineers call ground acceleration. The point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter. How intensely the ground shakes depends on factors that include the amount of energy released, the depth of the earthquake focus beneath ground surface, how far from the epicenter the shaking is experienced, and the underlying soil type and bedrock. How intensely structures shake depends also on their height, weight, and design. The strength of earthquakes can be expressed by the Moment Magnitude, which expresses the energy released at the source of the earthquake through recorded data.
    [Show full text]
  • Horizontal Displacement of a Catalogued House in Mexico City
    Horizontal displacement of a catalogued house in Mexico City Erika B. Valle-Puga, José A. Segovia-Pacheco & Enrique Santoyo-Villa TGC Geotecnia, Mexico City, Mexico. ABSTRACT This paper describes the procedure used to move horizontally a catalogued heritage house in Mexico City. It provides an account of the preliminary actions carried out before displacing the structure as well as the equipment used during the process. PRESENTACIONES TÉCNICAS En este artículo se describe el procedimiento utilizado para mover horizontalmente una casa en la ciudad de México. Se explica la preparación previa y las actividades realizadas antes del movimiento de la estructura, así como el equipo utilizado para el proceso. 1 INTRODUCTION Fondo Hexa is building Torre Reforma, the tallest skyscraper in Latin America, with 57 floors, nine-level underground parking lot basement and a height of 244 m (Fig. 1). The project is located in Mexico City along Paseo de la Reforma in a site with an area of 2788 m2, of which 600 m2 are taken up by an old house built in the first half of the 20th century; therefore, is classed as national heritage by the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (INBA). To achieve functionality of the Tower it became necessary to optimize usage of the property area in order to comply with the number of parking spaces established in the building codes. On the other hand, it was also compulsory to leave intact the catalogued house that covers a large part of the job site. The solution was to displace the old house horizontally to release the space needed to build the diaphragm walls that would operate as retaining walls for the building basement and at the same time, take advantage of the area under the house to have a larger number of parking spaces.
    [Show full text]
  • Grade a Office Space in Mexico City: Tight Sites and Shaky Ground
    ctbuh.org/papers Title: Grade A Office Space in Mexico City: Tight Sites and Shaky Ground Authors: Tom Wilcock, Associate, Arup Marc Easton, Structural Engineer, Arup William H. Algaard, Associate Director, Arup Tabitha Tavolaro, Associate Principal, Arup Subjects: Architectural/Design Building Case Study Construction Geotechnic/Foundation Seismic Structural Engineering Keywords: Office Performance Based Design Seismic Structural Engineering Publication Date: 2015 Original Publication: Global Interchanges: Resurgence of the Skyscraper City Paper Type: 1. Book chapter/Part chapter 2. Journal paper 3. Conference proceeding 4. Unpublished conference paper 5. Magazine article 6. Unpublished © Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat / Tom Wilcock; Marc Easton; William H. Algaard; Tabitha Tavolaro Grade A Office Space in Mexico City: Tight Sites and Shaky Ground Abstract Tom Wilcock Associate In recent years Mexico City has seen a surge in tall building construction, concentrating around Arup, the new Central Business District on Paseo de la Reforma, and culminating with four new New York City, USA skyscrapers clustered at its west-central end. Arup has led the structural engineering design of three of these towers as well as Torre Pedregal 24, a striking new office building a few miles away. These buildings have been designed using innovative structural solutions to provide Grade A Tom Wilcock leads Arup’s Advanced Technology and Research team in New York. He is an Associate with specialist expertise office space in this highly seismic zone. This paper will provide an insight into their design and in performance based design and analysis of extreme events the unique challenges that building tall in Mexico City presents.
    [Show full text]
  • Rev II E Sub Mem Bro.Pmd
    SUBSCRIBING MEMBERSHIP A Unique Opportunity EERI Subscribing Membership is a unique opportunity for companies to publicly demonstrate their support of earthquake engineering and their commitment to EERI’s mission. As the principal national society in the United States for professionals actively engaged in earthquake hazard mitigation, EERI attracts national and international leaders in the multidisciplinary field of earthquake risk reduction— and the students and young professionals who are the leaders of the future. EERI’s mission is to reduce earthquake risk by advancing the science and practice of earthquake engineering; by improving understanding of the impact of earthquakes on the physical, social, economic, political, and cultural environ- ment; and by advocating comprehensive and realistic measures for reducing the BENEFITS OF SUBSCRIBING MEMBERSHIP harmful effects of earthquakes. Subscribing Membership provides opportunities for recognition, networking, and access to the earthquake engineering community through the most influential earthquake engineering organization in the United States. EERI Subscribing Members are among the most elite, highly valued, and well-respected firms and organizations in the field of earthquake risk reduction. VISIBILITY ■ EERI highlights the names of Subscribing Members in each issue of the prestigious quarterly technical journal, Earthquake Spectra, and lists Subscribing Members in the Membership Roster, a virtual “Who’s Who” of earthquake engineering. ACCESS ■ EERI provides an exclusive opportunity for this ■ Subscribing Members have the opportunity to select group to exhibit at the Annual Meeting run, free-of-charge, short announcements of free of charge and to receive exhibit space at all job openings in the monthly EERI Newsletter, EERI specialty and national conferences at and to receive early notification of student discounted fees.
    [Show full text]
  • Highest Helipads
    Tall Buildings in Numbers Highest Helipads The question posed in our inaugural “Ask a 200 m+ Buildings with Helipads by City CTBUH Expert” feature (“Helipads as a Tall Cities with the most 200 m+ buildings with helipads: 43 cities overall 12 Building Evacuation Tool?” See page 54) 12 prompted us to consider how helipads are 10 10 used on skyscrapers, and which are the 10 highest in the world. The results were 88 somewhat surprising, as displayed here. One 8 hundred and fourteen buildings over 200 meters have helipads globally, across 13 6 countries. 5 44 Note: All data as of May 2014 4 333 2 2 1 0 o n a n yang Seoul Busan Toky Osak Dalia Go Incheo aseong Nagoya Hw Los Angeles Guangzhou 12 other cities 20 other cities Ten Highest Helipads on Tall Buildings with 2 helipads with 1 helipad Helipad: 438 meters Helipad: 330 meters Helipad: 310 meters Helipad: 300 meters Helipad: 300 meters Helipad: 299 meters Helipad: 296 meters Helipad: 292 meters Helipad: 286 meters Helipad: 284 meters Guangzhou China World Tower U.S. Bank Tower Northeast Asia Abeno Harukas Doosan Haeundae Landmark Tower SEG Plaza United International Three International International Finance 330 m / 1,083 ft 310 m / 1,018 ft Trade Tower 300 m / 984 ft We've the Zenith 296 m / 972 ft 292 m / 957 ft Mansion Finance Center Center Beijing Los Angeles 305 m / 300 ft Osaka Tower A Yokohama Shenzhen 287 m / 942 ft 284 m / 932 ft 439 m / 1,439 ft 2010 1990 Incheon 2014 300 m / 984 ft 1993 2000 Chongqing Seoul Guangzhou 2011 Busan 2013 2012 2010 2011 The highest helipad A portion
    [Show full text]
  • Hoy Torre Mayor), Que No Sería Un Edificio Común, Sino Un Ejemplo De Construcción
    TORRE DIANA, UN ESPÍRITU MEJORADO CON EFICIENCIA Y PRODUCTIVIDAD TORRE DIANA, AN ENHANCED CORPORATE SPIRIT OF EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY TORRE MAYOR EL RASCACIELOS ICÓNICO DE LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO CELEBRA SU DÉCIMO ANIVERSARIO TORRE MAYOR, THE ICONIC SKYSCRAPER IN MEXICO CITY CELEBRATES ITS FIRST TEN YEARS editorial 10 AÑOS... Paseo de la Reforma 505. México, DF. torremayor.com.mx DE TOCAR EL CIELO Rio Lerma 232. México, DF. Este mes de junio, México tiene mucho que festejar... El día 25 se celebran los primeros torrediana.com.mx 10 años de vida de Torre Mayor, un edificio que ha modificado -desde su inauguración- múltiples paradigmas de la capital de la República y aun de todo el país. A lo largo de esta edición, varias personalidades hablan acerca de la importancia que JUNIO DE 2013 ha tenido este inmueble para la economía y la sociedad mexicanas. Una coincidencia destaca: todas expresan que se trata de un edificio icónico no sólo del Distrito Federal, PRESIDENTE EJECUTIVO Walter Coratella C. sino del México contemporáneo. ASESOR DE PRESIDENCIA Las razones para esta afirmación son diversas y vale la pena enumerar, al menos, Abelardo Martín cinco de ellas: VICEPRESIDENTA DE DESARROLLO DE NEGOCIOS 1. Torre Mayor fue concebida al mismo tiempo que se iniciaba la entrada en vigor del Y RELACIONES INSTITUCIONALES Ana Luisa Ochoa Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, lo que ha convertido a nuestro [email protected] país en un ejemplo de integración a la economía mundial. EDITORA GENERAL DE 2. El edificio más alto de México es una clara muestra de la confianza que han PUBLICACIONES DE NEGOCIOS Engge Chavarría depositado con el paso de los años los inversionistas extranjeros.
    [Show full text]
  • Durability: Structures That Can Withstand Natural Disasters 2
    1 Durability: Structures that can withstand natural disasters 2 Dome House ( Pensacola, Florida ) • This house is a white, almost shell-like, concrete structure that sticks out of the ground like half a sphere. • It has withstood four catastrophic hurricanes, thanks to its one-piece concrete construction embedded with five miles of steel. • It is able to withstand 300 mile per hour winds. 3 Sticky Mortar Building (China) • Structures built 1,500 years ago in China have survived multiple earthquakes. • Scientists have discovered that a combination of sticky rice soup with limestone that has been heated to a high temperature and then exposed to water creates a substance that is nearly indestructible. • Buildings made with this substance have even resisted demolition by modern construction equipment including bulldozers. 4 Cheyenne Mountain Complex (Colorado Springs, Colorado) • Enter the North Portal of this military installation at the foot of Cheyenne Mountain and you’ll walk through a nuclear bunker. • The 25-ton blast doors and blast valves in the air intakes and outlets allow the bunker to withstand a 30-megaton explosion from as little as two feet away. 5 Sky Dome • Blizzard-ready Sky Dome homes can withstand 700 kilograms of snow per square meter. • These dome homes are designed for the comfort and safety of people who battle extreme winter weather. • Sky Dome constructs these houses using natural materials such as pinewood, seaweed, flax, and cork – all environmentally-friendly and sustainable materials. 6 Tsunami House • The main living area of this home is nine feet above grade. • The foundation was built to counter high velocity waves.
    [Show full text]
  • Tall Buildings Are Rising in Cities All Over the World, at a Rate and with a Variety Never Seen Before
    WEALTH CREATION THE SKY’S THE LIMIT Tall buildings are rising in cities all over the world, at a rate and with a variety never seen before. Engineer and writer Hugh Ferguson talked to skyscraper designer and London-based structural engineer Kamran Moazami, about one of New York’s most recent skyscrapers – 432 Park Avenue – and the engineering challenges of designing tall buildings. 432 Park Avenue is one of the most recent additions to the New York City skyline. The building stands at 426.5 metres (86 storeys) high. At about every 12th storey, the building has been left windowless and ‘open’ floors have been created, to reduce vibration in windy conditions © Nicola Evans INGENIA ISSUE 73 DECEMBER 2017 33 THE SKY’S THE LIMIT WEALTH CREATION On most tall buildings, extensive wind tunnel testing is an integral part of the structural analysis and design around five force-balance tests and vibration. This was solved backed up by several all-day by adding mass to the upper workshops to establish the levels, achieved by increasing optimum configuration, followed the typical 250-millimetre by a few aeroelastic tests on the thickness of the concrete floors final design. to 450 millimetres. Two 650 (Left): The square-shaped concrete core of the building is connected by ‘outriggers’ (double-storey concrete frames) to the exterior girder-column grid at roughly every First, the building had to tonne mass-tuned dampers 12th floor so that they act monolithically and increase the overall lateral stiffness. (Right): Two mass-tuned dampers were also added to the top of the building to control its movement.
    [Show full text]