DOCSLIB.ORG

Tall Buildings Are Rising in Cities All Over the World, at a Rate and with a Variety Never Seen Before

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tall Buildings Are Rising in Cities All Over the World, at a Rate and with a Variety Never Seen Before WEALTH CREATION THE SKY’S THE LIMIT Tall buildings are rising in cities all over the world, at a rate and with a variety never seen before. Engineer and writer Hugh Ferguson talked to skyscraper designer and London-based structural engineer Kamran Moazami, about one of New York’s most recent skyscrapers – 432 Park Avenue – and the engineering challenges of designing tall buildings. 432 Park Avenue is one of the most recent additions to the New York City skyline. The building stands at 426.5 metres (86 storeys) high. At about every 12th storey, the building has been left windowless and ‘open’ floors have been created, to reduce vibration in windy conditions © Nicola Evans INGENIA ISSUE 73 DECEMBER 2017 33 THE SKY’S THE LIMIT WEALTH CREATION On most tall buildings, extensive wind tunnel testing is an integral part of the structural analysis and design around five force-balance tests and vibration. This was solved backed up by several all-day by adding mass to the upper workshops to establish the levels, achieved by increasing optimum configuration, followed the typical 250-millimetre by a few aeroelastic tests on the thickness of the concrete floors final design. to 450 millimetres. Two 650 (Left): The square-shaped concrete core of the building is connected by ‘outriggers’ (double-storey concrete frames) to the exterior girder-column grid at roughly every First, the building had to tonne mass-tuned dampers 12th floor so that they act monolithically and increase the overall lateral stiffness. (Right): Two mass-tuned dampers were also added to the top of the building to control its movement. A tuned-mass damper is a mass that is supported by a pendulum arrangement and connected to the structure by means of springs and/or dampers be made as stiff as possible to were also added to the top of resist overall bending, while still the building: these are large In the heart of Manhattan, World Trade Center twin towers its compact 28.5 metre-square an integral part of the structural leaving large, open areas on the steel weights supported by where land values are among in New York (1973). footprint, it has an aspect analysis and design. This floor plan for attractive living cables as pendulums and the highest in the world, stands Tall buildings continue to ratio (height/width) of 15:1, a may include: high-frequency spaces. This was achieved by connected laterally to the 432 Park Avenue, one of New spring up throughout the world slenderness that would have force balance tests; multi- creating a 9 metre by 9 metre structure by viscous dampers, York City’s newest skyscrapers in response to many factors, been unthinkable a decade ago. degree of freedom aeroelastic concrete shear-wall core around which absorb the energy of the and a towering example of what such as increasing urbanisation, a This has helped the developer to modelling, which explores the the lift shafts, which formed moving weights and transfer new engineering techniques, desire to create iconic buildings, gain more usable space out of a independently acting factors that the building’s central spine. the associated forces into the combined with high-performance and the discovery that people comparatively small plot, and to influence the interaction between Less conventionally, the strong building structure, slowing materials, can achieve. across the world love grand give the residents unrivalled views inertial, elastic, and aerodynamic core was supplemented by a the building’s acceleration to New York was the birthplace views. Now, more than half of the of the Manhattan skyline. It also forces that occur when the framework of concrete columns acceptable limits. of the skyscraper, notably with world’s 20 tallest buildings are presented interesting challenges building is exposed to wind; wind and spandrel beams forming Early wind tunnel testing had the Chrysler Building and Empire in China (with four elsewhere in for the building’s engineers. studies done at large scale on just the building envelope and shown that the building exhibited State Building in the early 1930s, the Far East, three in the USA and 432 Park Avenue had to be one section of the building at a avoiding the need for externally significant ‘vortex shedding’, both of which are steel-frame two in the Middle East). Before designed to transfer its own time; cladding pressure and wind mounted cladding. Cast-in-situ which is an oscillating airflow buildings of rectilinear shapes. 2000, two thirds of skyscrapers weight down to the foundations, studies to ensure that cladding floors span between the central phenomenon that can occur In the 1960s, the skyscraper were commercial: since then, to resist seismic and wind loads, panels, windows and fixings core and the perimeter frames. when wind flows past a building had something of a resurgence more than two-thirds have been and – most challenging of all will not be blown off in a gale; To ensure that the concrete at certain velocities. Vortices are with the introduction of tubes residential or mixed-use. with such a slender building – to pedestrian-level comfort testing, perimeter framing and interior formed at the back of the building, (usually in steel) for perimeter manage the movement of the to ensure downdraft wind on core respond monolithically to detaching periodically from either and interior columns and building under wind loading the building and any street-level structural demands, they were side. Each low-pressure vortex perimeter diagonal bracing, SLENDER AND so that no movement would wind tunneling does not create connected by massive double- tends to pull the building towards which greatly reduced the STABLE be detectable. All tall buildings discomfort for nearby pedestrians; storey concrete frames, known the centre of the vortex, so the weight of steel required and At 426.5 metres, 432 Park Avenue move in the wind, but occupants, and wind-induced aeroacoustic as ‘outriggers’, which were effect can be to induce vibration, hence the cost. Many buildings is one of the world’s 20 tallest particularly residents, do not want studies, to check and ensure that concealed in the plant rooms at particularly if the frequency of over 40 storeys that have been buildings. It is the second tallest to feel the sway. That meant wind will not cause any whistling about every 12th floor. vortex shedding approaches constructed since the 1960s use building in New York City and keeping the lateral acceleration or noise-generated issues. Despite its lateral stiffness, the resonant frequency of the a tube system adapted from the the third tallest in the USA. The of the building (its movement At the time, 432 Park Avenue the tower still tended to move structure. The solution at 432 structural engineering principles building is entirely residential in wind) below around 0.1 m/s2 was one of the most slender unacceptably in varying wind Park Avenue was ingenious and of Bangladeshi-American and currently stands as the (metre per second squared) in a buildings in the world, designed conditions, and the lateral- innovative: by leaving the building (Top): A rendering of 111 West 57th Street. Its aspect ratio of 24:1 will make structural engineer Fazlur Khan. tallest residential tower in the ‘once-in-a-year’ gale. it the world’s most slender building. (Bottom): Shear walls run the full length by engineering consultant WSP. load-carrying system had windowless at precise levels of the east and west exteriors and have been thickened to as much as one This included the John Hancock Western Hemisphere. However, On most tall buildings, Therefore, wind-related testing to be ‘tuned’ to minimise and creating ‘open’ floors – a metre. Like 432 Park Avenue, it also has open floors that the wind will pass Center in Chicago, and the much more significantly, with extensive wind tunnel testing is was particularly rigorous, with displacement, acceleration technique comparable to making through to reduce vibration 34 INGENIA INGENIA ISSUE 73 DECEMBER 2017 35 THE SKY’S THE LIMIT WEALTH CREATION SAFER SKYSCRAPERS Skyscrapers are now among some of the safest buildings in the world, if only because they must be thoroughly engineered to THE ENGINEERING CHALLENGES OF TALL BUILDINGS the finest detail, and not just for structural safety. For example, the fixings of every external cladding panel should allow for The Shard Torre Mayor sufficient movement to accommodate the building’s sway under Completed in 2012, the Shard is London and the UK’s tallest The 225-metre high, 55-storey Torre Mayor in Mexico City was anticipated conditions. building at 310 metres and 95 storeys (‘Building the Shard’ Ingenia Latin America’s tallest building when it opened in 2003 and is now Most modern tall buildings have a fire strategy, which 52). It is shaped as an irregular pyramid with highly complex Mexico’s fourth tallest. The design priority for this building was covers such issues as means of escape, detection and alarm, geometry. The Shard is a modern mixed-use tall building with retail seismic design, as it stands in the lakebed area where the heaviest holes in the sail of a boat – the maintenance-free, the exterior of fire suppression, smoke control, firefighter access and facilities, at the base, offices in the lower levels, a hotel in the middle and damage from the catastrophic Michoacán 1985 earthquake was wind loading was reduced and the building required access for compartmentation, and internal and external spread of fire. Most residential near the top. A strong central concrete core and a hat recorded. Designed
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Active Control of Pendulum Tuned Mass Dampers for Tall
    ACTIVE CONTROL OF PENDULUM TUNED MASS DAMPERS FOR TALL BUILDINGS SUBJECT TO WIND LOAD Dissertation Submitted to The School of Engineering of the UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering By Mohamed A. Eltaeb, M.S. UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON Dayton, Ohio December, 2017 ACTIVE CONTROL OF PENDULUM TUNED MASS DAMPERS FOR TALL BUILDINGS SUBJECT TO WIND LOAD Name: Eltaeb, Mohamed Ali APPROVED BY: ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- Reza Kashani, Ph.D. Dave Myszka, Ph.D. Committee Chairperson Committee Member Professor Associate Professor Department of Mechanical Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Aerospace Engineering ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- Elias Toubia, Ph.D. Muhammad Islam, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member Assistant Professor Professor Department of Civil and Department of Mathematics Environmental Engineering ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- Robert J. Wilkens, Ph.D., P.E. Eddy M. Rojas, Ph.D., M.A., P.E. Associate Dean for Research and Innovation Dean, School of Engineering Professor School of Engineering ii © Copyright by Mohamed A. Eltaeb All rights reserved 2017 ABSTRACT ACTIVE CONTROL OF PENDULUM TUNED MASS DAMPERS FOR TALL BUILDINGS SUBJECT TO WIND LOAD Name: Eltaeb, Mohamed A. University of Dayton Advisor: Dr. Reza Kashani Wind induced vibration in tall structures is an important problem that needs effective and practical solutions. TMDs in either passive, active or semi-active form are the most common devices used to reduce wind-induced vibration. The objective of this research is to investigate and develop an effective model of a single multi degree of freedom (MDOF) active pendulum tuned mass damper (APTMD) controlled by hydraulic system in order to mitigate the dynamic response of the proposed tall building perturbed by wind loads in different directions.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Buildings, New Views Recent Renovations Around Town Have Uncovered Views of Manhattan That Had Been Hiding in Plain Sight
    The New York Times: Real Estate May 7, 2021 Old Buildings, New Views Recent renovations around town have uncovered views of Manhattan that had been hiding in plain sight. By Caroline Biggs Impressions: 43,264,806 While New York City’s skyline is ever changing, some recent construction and additions to historic buildings across the city have revealed some formerly hidden, but spectacular, views to the world. These views range from close-up looks at architectural details that previously might have been visible only to a select few, to bird’s-eye views of towers and cupolas that until The New York Times: Real Estate May 7, 2021 recently could only be viewed from the street. They provide a novel way to see parts of Manhattan and shine a spotlight on design elements that have largely been hiding in plain sight. The structures include office buildings that have created new residential spaces, like the Woolworth Building in Lower Manhattan; historic buildings that have had towers added or converted to create luxury housing, like Steinway Hall on West 57th Street and the Waldorf Astoria New York; and brand-new condo towers that allow interesting new vantages of nearby landmarks. “Through the first decades of the 20th century, architects generally had the belief that the entire building should be designed, from sidewalk to summit,” said Carol Willis, an architectural historian and founder and director of the Skyscraper Museum. “Elaborate ornament was an integral part of both architectural design and the practice of building industry.” In the examples that we share with you below, some of this lofty ornamentation is now available for view thanks to new residential developments that have recently come to market.
    [Show full text]
  • Leseprobe 9783791384900.Pdf
    NYC Walks — Guide to New Architecture JOHN HILL PHOTOGRAPHY BY PAVEL BENDOV Prestel Munich — London — New York BRONX 7 Columbia University and Barnard College 6 Columbus Circle QUEENS to Lincoln Center 5 57th Street, 10 River to River East River MANHATTAN by Ferry 3 High Line and Its Environs 4 Bowery Changing 2 West Side Living 8 Brooklyn 9 1 Bridge Park Car-free G Train Tour Lower Manhattan of Brooklyn BROOKLYN Contents 16 Introduction 21 1. Car-free Lower Manhattan 49 2. West Side Living 69 3. High Line and Its Environs 91 4. Bowery Changing 109 5. 57th Street, River to River QUEENS 125 6. Columbus Circle to Lincoln Center 143 7. Columbia University and Barnard College 161 8. Brooklyn Bridge Park 177 9. G Train Tour of Brooklyn 195 10. East River by Ferry 211 20 More Places to See 217 Acknowledgments BROOKLYN 2 West Side Living 2.75 MILES / 4.4 KM This tour starts at the southwest corner of Leonard and Church Streets in Tribeca and ends in the West Village overlooking a remnant of the elevated railway that was transformed into the High Line. Early last century, industrial piers stretched up the Hudson River from the Battery to the Upper West Side. Most respectable New Yorkers shied away from the working waterfront and therefore lived toward the middle of the island. But in today’s postindustrial Manhattan, the West Side is a highly desirable—and expensive— place, home to residential developments catering to the well-to-do who want to live close to the waterfront and its now recreational piers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shard London Bridge London, United Kingdom
    Reference Project The Shard London Bridge London, United Kingdom Frese OPTIMA Compact Project The tallest building in the European Union • Max diff. pressure: 400 kPa • Operating temp.: 0 to 120°C The Shard London Bridge is a skyscraper in Southwark, London. Standing almost 310 meters tall, • Dimensions: DN10-DN32 it is the tallest building in the EU. It is also the second-tallest free-standing structure in the United • Flow rate: Up to 4000 l/h Kingdom, after the 330-metre concrete tower at the Emley Moor transmitting station. • Material: DZR brass Renzo Piano, the Shard’s architect, worked with the architectural firm Broadway Malyan during • Static pressure: PN25 the planning stage. The Shard London Bridge was designed with an irregular pyramidal shape • For cooling and heating from the base to the top, and is clad entirely in glass. The tower has 72 habitable floors, with a applications viewing gallery and open-air observation deck – the UK’s highest – on the 72nd floor, at a height of 245 metres. Its structure was completed in April 2012. Frese MODULA The Shard London Bridge is to contain office space, a 200-bed 5-star hotel, three floors of restau- rants and ten apartments (priced at approximately £50 million each). • Dimensions: Solution MODULA: DN15-DN20 MODULA Pro: DN15-DN25 Frese OPTIMA Compact & Frese MODULA were installed to ensure the hydraulic balance of the piping and the right temperature in the hotel and office areas. • Max differential pressure: Se Control Valve spec • Material: DZR brass • Static pressure: PN 16 • For cooling and heating applications • Allows backward and forward flushing and coil isolation KNOWLEDGE QUALITY INNOVATION MANUFACTURING CUSTOMER EXCELLENCE FOCUS Frese A/S · Sorøvej 8 · DK-4200 Slagelse · Tel: +45 58 56 00 00 · [email protected] · www.frese.eu.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare Long-Let Freehold Investment Opportunity INVESTMENT SUMMARY
    26 DEAN STREET LONDON W1 Rare Long-Let Freehold Investment Opportunity INVESTMENT SUMMARY • Freehold. • Prominently positioned restaurant and ancillary building fronting Dean Street, one of Soho’s premier addresses. • Soho is renowned for being London’s most vibrant and dynamic sub-market in the West End due to its unrivalled amenity provisions and evolutionary nature. • Restaurant and ancillary accommodation totalling 2,325 sq ft (216.1 sq m) arranged over basement, ground and three uppers floors. • Single let to Leoni’s Quo Vadis Limited until 25 December 2034 (14.1 years to expiry). • Home to Quo Vadis, a historic Soho private members club and restaurant, founded almost a 100 years ago. • Restaurant t/a Barrafina’s flagship London restaurant, which has retained its Michelin star since awarded in 2013. • Total passing rent £77,100 per annum, which reflects an average rent of £33.16 per sq ft. • Next open market rent review December 2020. • No VAT applicable. Offers are invited in excess of £2,325,000 (Two Million Three Hundred and Twenty-Five Thousand Pounds), subject to contract. Pricing at this level reflects a net initial yield of 3.12% (after allowing for purchaser’s costs of 6.35%) and a capital value of £1,000 per sq ft. Canary Wharf The Shard The City London Eye South Bank Covent Garden Charing Cross Holborn Trafalgar Square Leicester Square Tottenham Court Road 26 DEAN Leicester Square STREET Soho Square Gardens Tottenham Court Road Western Ticket Hall Oxford Street London West End LOCATION & SITUATION Soho has long cemented its reputation as the excellent.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural PERFORMANCE Structural Design Challenges for Tall Buildings in Mexico City Part 2: a 20-Year Perspective by Ahmad Rahimian, Ph.D., P.E., S.E
    structural PERFORMANCE Structural Design Challenges for Tall Buildings in Mexico City Part 2: A 20-year Perspective By Ahmad Rahimian, Ph.D., P.E., S.E. F.ASCE, Rodolfo E. Valles Mattox, Ph.D., Esteban Anzola, P.E., Ilya Shleykov, Ph.D., P.E., LEED AP BD+C, Sissy Nikolaou, Ph.D., P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE, ® and Guillermo Diaz-Fanas, P.E. nnovation and resourcefulness in the engineering of tall Ibuildings are one of the cornerstone requirements of build- ing resilient cities and communities. Successful performance of these structures during extreme natural events is livingCopyright proof of the value of design that targets resilient performance, enhancing the confidence of the stakeholders and the public for the engineering and technologies used. Mexico City is a mega-city where performance-based design using cutting-edge technologies in the past two decades has been tested repeatedly by large earthquakes, floods, and winds. This city has evolved from the ancient Aztec capital to one of the most prominent modern metropoles of Latin America. The economic growth in recent years has resulted in an increase of the city’s footprint by Figure 9. Paseo de la Reforma development in the past two decades (top). Location of a factor of 100 to accommodate the millions of people that have the iconic towers Torre Mayor and Cuarzo Reforma (bottom). (Top left ©2003-2006 moved into Mexico City from rural areas, generatingmagazine an ever- by V. Shmatikov; top right by S. Ruiz). increasing demand for tallerS buildings T and deeper R basements. U C T U R E The design and construction challenges that the City of Mexico avenues that have been home to tall buildings since the 1990s with presents are multi-faceted due to its location in one of the most the development of Torre Mayor, the tallest building at the time of adverse geologic and tectonic environments in the world, as its construction until recently.
    [Show full text]
  • Citicorp Center + Citigroup Center + 601 Lexington (Current)
    http://www.601lexington.com/gallery/?pp_fID_1156=504 Ana Larranaga | Allie McGehee | Lisa Valdivia | Madison Van Pelt | Yiwen Zhang Location: 601 Lexington Avenue + 54th Street, New York NY 10022 Other Names: CitiCorp Center + CitiGroup Center + 601 Lexington (Current) Architects: Hugh Stubbins, William LeMessurier Chief Structural Engineer: William LeMessurier Years Built: 1974 - 1977 Year Opened: 1977 Cost: $195,000,000 http://adamkanemacchia.com/gallery/home/_akm0205-edit/ - CitiCorp Center is the first skyscraper in the U.S to be built with a tuned mass damper - The tower is the 6th highest building in NYC - The building was built for commercial office - Design for the building was drawn by William LeMessurier on his restaurant napkin - The office lobby was renovated in 1997 and a new lobby was built in 2010 - The structure was being fixed secretly at night Born: January 11th, 1912 - July 5th 2006 Birthplace: Birmingham, Alabama Education: Georgia Institute of Technology(Undergrad) Harvard University (Masters) Firm: Hugh Stubbins and Associates (won one of the 1st AIA Firm Awards) Projects: CitiCorp Center, Boston’s Federal Reserve Bank, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Landmark tower in Yokohama Awards: Gold Medal (Tau Sigma Delta), Honor Award AIA 1979 Born: June 1926 - June 2007 Birthplace: Pontiac, Michigan Education: Harvard University(BA Mathematics), Harvard Graduate School of Design, MIT (Masters in Engineering) Firm: LeMessurier Consultants Projects: Mah - LeMessurier System, Staggered Truss System, Tuned Mass Damper,
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Engineering Tools and Tech
    odern engineering tools and tech- as partitions, glazing, and the façade. Beyond niques enable structural engineers any noticeable harm caused by a single large dis- STRUCTURAL to continually redefine the limits placement, the accumulation of many cycles of of possibility. Nowhere is this amplitude can also cause fatigue failures. Mmore evident than in supertall buildings, where Wind-induced movement can cause two other PERFORMANCE controlling wind-induced sway has become a significant problems that affect a building’s critical aspect of project success. usability. The first, audible creaking and groan- The use of tuned mass damping systems has ing, seems to be especially prevalent where there performance issues relative become a mainstay in attaining this control, in is the greatest amount of relative motion between to extreme events large part because each custom-designed system building parts as the building deflects. Often can be tuned to match the as-built characteristics of occurring on the lower levels, these potentially the building. They also provide a much more effi- loud noises can make even a new building sound cient solution than adding more mass or stiffness. like a rickety old ship. One recent example is the Shanghai Tower which, The most common problem, however, is the when it opened in 2014, became China’s tallest perception of movement that comes from the building and the second tallest building in the acceleration of the ®building as it sways back and world. Even though the design of the 2,073-foot forth. This is an issue that designers must address (632-meter) tower was optimized to reduce wind to ensure occupants remain comfortable even as effects, the developer also chose to include a tuned the building moves.
    [Show full text]
  • Kids Activities in London
    Kids from 7 to 11 years old IN LONDON Step into Land of the Lions Land of the Lions is here! ZSL London Zoo’s newest and most breath-taking exhibit transports visitors from the heart of London to India’s vibrant Sasan Gir, where they can get closer than ever before to mighty Asiatic lions. Shrek’s Adventure London London's newest family attraction! Step into the kingdom of Far Far Away and enjoy a brand new madcap Shrek adventure where amazing DreamWorks animation, captivating story-telling and a good dose of Donkey’s cheekiness awaits. The London Dungeon (all ages) It has all the ghastly gore and black comedy of the old Tooley Street attraction in a bigger and more high-tech package. A jokey celebration of torture, death and disease, visitors can journey back in time to London's plague-ridden streets (rotting corpses, rats, vile boils and projectile vomiting all come as standard) and meet some of the city's unsavoury characters, from Guy Fawkes to demon barber Sweeney Todd. A cast of blood- splattered actors are joined by 'virtual' guests, such as Brian Blessed as Henry VIII, and as well as the 18 different shows and 'surprises' – which could see you on the run from Jack the Ripper or getting lost in London's Victorian sewers – there are two rides to raise the adrenaline: a turbulent boat trip down the Thames towards execution, and a dark drop ride plunging three stories in the pitch black. Note that the London Dungeon is unsuitable for young or easily scared children.
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquakes Chapter 4.8
    EARTHQUAKES CHAPTER 4.8 Although New York City does not sit on a seismically active fault line, earthquakes are a possibility. While the probability of a strong earthquake occurring is moderate, the risk is heightened by our population density, the scale of our built environment, the interdependencies of critical infrastructure systems, the age of much of our infrastructure, and the fact that much of our building stock was constructed before New York City adopted seismic design provisions for buildings in 1995. W HAT IS THE HAZARD? An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the ground caused when two blocks of earth slip past each other beneath the surface. Most earthquakes originate from pre-existing faults or from new breaks in the rocks that make up the earth’s crust, along which rocks on either side move past each other. As the rock is strained, potential energy builds up. Eventually, it becomes so great that it is abruptly released in the form of seismic waves. These waves travel away from the earthquake’s deep-underground source – the focus – causing shaking at the earth’s surface that geologists and engineers call ground acceleration. The point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter. How intensely the ground shakes depends on factors that include the amount of energy released, the depth of the earthquake focus beneath ground surface, how far from the epicenter the shaking is experienced, and the underlying soil type and bedrock. How intensely structures shake depends also on their height, weight, and design. The strength of earthquakes can be expressed by the Moment Magnitude, which expresses the energy released at the source of the earthquake through recorded data.
    [Show full text]
  • 111 West 57Th Street Retail Component Development Overview
    111 West 57th Street Retail Component Development overview By combining a modern tower with an existing landmark conversion, 111 West 57th Street offers a unique residential opportunity complimented by a 50,000 net square foot retail component. With rare frontage on both 57th and 58th Streets, the Project will create a dramatic street presence and benefit from its prime Midtown location at the epicenter of Manhattan’s premier international shopping, tourist, and commercial districts. Upon completion, 111 West 57th Street will rise over 1,400 feet, totaling approximately 446,000 gross square feet. The tower will have 45 full-floor residences, with 14 foot floor-to-ceiling windows offering sweeping views of Central Park. Most tower units will offer unobstructed 360- degree views of the world’s most iconic architectural achievements, from the Empire State Building to the Brooklyn Bridge to the south, Central Park to the north, both the East and Hudson Rivers and beyond. Interiors by world renowned Studio Sofield will provide an unparalleled level of sophistication and elegance throughout. Central to the Project’s design is its preservation of the landmarked Steinway Hall, a 17-story Beaux-Arts building designed by Warren & Wetmore. The Project will include the preservation and integration of the existing Steinway Hall façade as well as the restoration and renovation of its interior. The tower will be set back behind a transparent glass and bronze retail atrium built adjacent to Steinway Hall to showcase the Building’s original character, and provide a unique and historically sensitive juxtaposition of old and new design. Unparalleled design integration will be a hallmark inside and out as SHoP Architects designed a building that feels unique yet familiar to the New York City skyline.
    [Show full text]
  • London Residential the Proximity Premium London Residential 2–3 the Proximity Premium
    London residential The proximity premium London Residential 2–3 The proximity premium The proximity premium Every home buyer is Our clients have wide ranging demands The highest premium occurred for properties when it comes to buying a home. Whether it close to hotels. Our analysis included unique. Each has their be to live in or as a rental investment, our Claridge’s, the Dorchester and The Ritz. buyers often have a clear idea of where they The average prices of properties within own motivation and want to buy; geographical location is 500 metres of hotels was £3.2 million, important. And this can impact on the price, more than double the borough average of preferences, one might with higher prices in the prime areas of £1.68 million. Proximity to well known Knightsbridge and Mayfair. However, even department stores, such as Harrods and like to live close to a within areas prices vary. Harvey Nichols, also added nearly double to property values. Being within 500 metres university, for others To determine whether the price varies of a world class university adds around depending on the local amenity offer, we 25% to property values. restaurants may be have identified the average price of properties in central London within 500 key. But whatever the metres of an amenity, such as a university, Michelin starred restaurant, hotel or motivation, this is well-known department store. We compared this with wider borough prices to identify reflected in the price; any price differential (see the back page for a fuller description of our methodology). properties in central Our research shows that living close to amenities can add around 50% to central London close to world London property prices.
    [Show full text]