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Research of Some Issues About the Earthquake Engineering Design

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Research of Some Issues About the Earthquake Engineering Design th The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China RESEARCH OF SOME ISSUES ABOUT THE EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING DESIGN Men Kai1, Men Yuming2 , Liu Wenfeng1, Zhang Wen 3 1 Professor, Dept. of Structural Engineering，Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao. China 2 Professor, Dept. of Structural Engineering , Chang-an University, Xian. China 3 Professor, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Xian University of Science and Technology Xi an. China China Email: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT : Has discussed certain questions in the project seismic design, including: The related seismic motion parameter's value should unify in the Chinese seismic motion parameter regionalization map; Take the architectural engineering condition design general rule (test) as a basic rule; Absorb the experience of the domestic and foreign macroseism earthquake damage; Revises the seismic design standard comprehensively match with the work, imperative; Structural design standard of China is somewhat low; Earthquake function computation also has great disparity with the international rules; Earthquake resistance reliability question urgently needed solution; The computation of the ground attached subsidence, the ground seismic design, the ground distortion control design, ground seismic design questions and degree of security are in further studying; The elastic-plasticity time interval analysis of structure, the earthquake resistance reliability analysis, the earthquake resistance optimization analysis's method and the software application, the condition has, needs widely to promote the application; The seismic design standard and project management advocate marketability, mainly participation by the academic body, avoids the administrative intervention, in order to enhance seismic design quality. KEYWORDS: Engineering， earthquake ， resistance design，some issues， research 1. INTRODUCTION The earthquake has caused serious losses to the humanity. There are lots countries suffer the serious earthquake disaster all over the world. Chile: in 1939 the Kangsaipuxiweng city encountered the ruination, more than 40,000 people died. Also had 7.8 magnitude of earthquakes in May 21, 1960. On May 22 blue collected wonderfully has earthquake of 8.5 magnitude. The earthquake has swallowed the coastal houses on south central Chile. And the Pacific regional ocean waves with speed of 640 kilometer per hour swept the Pacific Ocean from the Chilean coast. The wave in the height of 4 meter reached Japan where is 17000 kilometer away from Chile 22 hours later. The wave brought heavy damage to Honshu and Hokkaido's harbor, and the wharf construction of Japan. USA: There are approximately 1300 people died in the history. Economic loss is approximately 4,000,000,000 US dollars. San Francisco has an earthquake of 8.3 magnitude in 1906. The fire caused by the earthquake burnt down 521 blocks and 28,000 buildings. The Alaska earthquake of 8.4 magnitude in 1964, lead to approximately 300,000,000 US dollars lost, and the landslide are serious. Japan: 8.2 magnitude of earthquake on east at the end of 1923, the depth of earthquake origin was just 10 kilometers. Casualty is 200,000. South the Japanese Bing Ku County has 7.2 magnitude of earthquake on January 17, 1995. The depth of origin is 10.2 kilometers. 5420 people died 27,000 people injured. The refugee number reaches 300,000. The economic loss reached approximately 99,600,000,000 US dollars. The fire in Kobe was serious. The fire last 15 hours, and there were 170 times of fire caused by the earthquake. Turkey: The Turkish west had 7.4 magnitude of earthquakes on August 17, 1999. 15,000 people were dead. th The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China 27,000 ones injured. More than 50 ten thousand person were homeless. Direct economic losses reached approximately 20,000,000,000 US dollars. Indonesia: on December 26, 2004, the northwest of Indonesian Sumatra island where entered the sea, had 8.9 magnitude of earthquakes, and initiated the huge Tsunami. The tsunami affected southeast Asia and south Asian, the casualty is nearly 300,000. China: in 1556 the Shanxi Hua County has 8.0 magnitude of big earthquakes, almost 830,000 people died; The Ningxia Haiyuan had big earthquakes in 8.5 magnitude, in 1920. Approximately 200,000 people died; The earthquake causes big landslide of the Loess Highlands, and formed the imprisoned lake latter. Tangshan has 7.8 magnitude of earthquakes, on July 28, 1976. The casualties is more than 420,000 people, The economic loss is more than 10,000,000,000 Yuan. The reason of the serious disaster are as following: the earthquake occur in the urban heartland; the depth of origin only was 11 kilometers; the location of the earthquake damage is serious; and earthquake resistance ability of buildings is low; the earthquake occur in dawn when most of the citizens were in sound sleep. Liu Huixian as director's editorial committee has published a Tangshan big earthquake damage book, which is 4 volumes, comprehensivly summary the experiences and lessons of Tangshan big earthquake damage, which is extremely profound . Taiwan Nantou County has 7.3 magnitude of earthquakes, on September 21, 1999.The entire island of Taiwan has the intensely feeling. 2470 people died, injured 11,300 people, direct economic losses is approximately 11,800,000,000 US dollars. The Sichuan Wenchuan has 8.0 magnitude of earthquakes, on May 12, 2008. More than 69,000 people died, more than 18,000 people were missed, more than 360,000 people injured. The collapse, serious damage houses were 4,500,000 households. And there are more than 1000 ten thousand people homeless. The disaster area are almost 100,000 square kilometers. The direct economic losses surpass 1,000,000,000,000 Yuan, It is predicted that the estimate total investment of reconstruction is more than 1,200,000,000,000 Yuan. The primary reasons of Sichuan Wenchuan 8.0 magnitude of earthquake areas following. The magnitude is big. The last time is long. The seismic region population are many. The earthquake resistance standard of the building is low. The geological disaster is serious, such as the road, railway communication blocked, the imprisoned lake brought the flood harm. The earthquake damage of China are the most serious one in history. The distracted should not be forget by the common people. The frequently natural disasters have brought serious loses in recent years. Indonesia, Japan, Taiwan, the southwest of Asian suffered the damaged by the serious earthquakes. The governments in different countries, the engineering society and institute of academic pay more and more attention to the research of earthquake. The main feature of earthquake resists in China is: ● The seismic activities distribute broad. The region resists earthquake is approximately 70% of the domain. The center of earthquake origin is shallow in most of the area. ● The overwhelming majority earthquake intensity is big in 10~30KM. ● The world has macroseism more than 1500 times, in recent centuries. More than 1/4 happened in China, and the magnitude above 7 is 1/10. But the power release is the 20~30% of the total earthquakes all over the world. ● Any big or media-sized cities are locate in the earthquake area. The location condition is bad. The overwhelming majority of buildings need to resist earthquakes. Many provincial capitals and above 1,000,000 people cities are located at 7 degrees areas, some locate at 8 degrees areas, the minority main industrial cites locate at 9 degrees areas, China has the biggest number of cities need to resists earthquakes in the world, and most cites' location conditions are bad. ● Construction earthquake resistance ability is low, China promulgate the first earthquake resistance standard in 1974. Before 1974 the buildings did not consider the earthquake resistance fortification. But the th The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China construction's earthquake resistance ability is yet low till present. ●The cycle of macroseism repeats to be long, the normal is several hundred years, some ones are over a thousand years. That is the reason why the people easy to fade from the memory. ●The duty of resists earthquakes to be heaviest in China. These characteristics, we should take seriously! Statistics indicates that in recent years, the new built housing are all over the China every year 300,000,000 m2 , new built house are more than 400,000,000 m2. So far, the completed 10 above the high-rise constructions is more than 100,000,000 m2 in China. more than 10,000 buildings surpassed 100m height. The height surpasses 100m of the steel structure or steel - concretes the structure are more than 50. Surpasses 200 m to have more than 30. The highest is the International Round the World Financial Center, which is 101, 492m. China has more than 12,000 engineering designs enterprise, more than 60,000 construction enterprises, total more than 15,000 hundred million Yuan resilience every year. With the huge construction scale and market, China is the leader of the world. China is still a developing country, the economy is in developing too. With the most population in the world, the earthquake damage is the most serious one. And the construction scale is the biggest, the earthquake resistance fortified town are most. The earthquake resistance fortification duty is the heaviest. The economy is not the developed yet. Solving the project seismic design, the meaning is significant. The social efficiency and the economic efficiency are remarkable at the same time. Professor Hu Yuxian pointed out that the earthquake engineering is a serious defect. The seismography and the structure resist earthquakes lack the relation with each other. Two aspects cannot coordinate the earthquake engineering mutually , in China the flaw existing in this aspect, is more serious.
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