DOCSLIB.ORG

Pharmaco Economics Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccines in Ukraine

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pharmaco Economics Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccines in Ukraine Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International 33(32A): 140-147, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69173 ISSN: 2456-9119 (Past name: British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Past ISSN: 2231-2919, NLM ID: 101631759) Pharmaco Economics Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccines in Ukraine Tsekhmister Yaroslav Volodymyrovych1*, Stepanenko Viktor Ivanovich2, Konovalova Tetiana2 and Tsekhmister Bogdan Yaroslavovych3 1Ukrainian Medical Lyceum at O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine. 2Dermatology and Venereology of Bogomolets O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine. 3Scientific Society A.P. Romodanov of Ukrainian Medical Lyceum at O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author TYV designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors SVI, KT and TBY managed the analyses of the study and managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/v33i32A31727 Editor(s): (1) Dr. P. Veera Muthumari, .V. Vanniaperumal College for Women, India. (2) Dr. Paola Angelini, University of Perugia, Italy. (3) Dr. Sung-Kun Kim, Northeastern State University, USA. Reviewers: (1) Ahilya Vitthal Waghmode, Sadguru Gadage Maharaj College, India. (2) Hiraku Sasaki, Juntendo University. (3) Afroz Abidi, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, India. (4) Abeer Samir Mohammed Yamany, Zagazig University, Egypt. (5) Abu Zahid, Rangpur Medical College, Bangladesh. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/69173 Received 01 June 2021 Original Research Article Accepted 11 June 2021 Published 18 June 2021 ABSTRACT Aims: To evaluate pharmacoeconomics for the vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine and analyze the cost-effectiveness for the vaccine in Ukraine. Study design: we have analyzed using models for the economics of coronavirus vaccine. Place and duration of study: Sample: population of Ukraine, data used from the official website of Ministry of Health, Ukraine. April - May 2021 Methodology: We have used the transmission model to analyze the vaccine strategy. Data were collected from official sources. We structured an age group model for evaluating high transmitters. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; Volodymyrovych et al.; JPRI, 33(32A): 140-147, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69173 Four strategies were organized and analyzed for analyzing the cost-effective strategy vaccination for everyone, no vaccination, and vaccination for old age only, high transmitters’ vaccination. Results: we have analyzed country specific cost-effective strategy for Ukraine depends upon the pandemic and economics of the country. Vaccinating older people was found to be the economically effective for Ukraine. In these study influences of discount rate analysis on QALY in Ukraine was done. When we vaccinate, high transmitters’ ratio was found to be 8.8% higher than for the elderly. This analysis suggests that vaccinating first the elderly group would not be so cost- effective. While doubling the cost for the vaccine, if the vaccine is available early with the scenario of pre-existing immunity has shifted cost-effectiveness for high transmitters than for the elderly in Ukraine Conclusion: we conclude from our pharmacoeconomic research study that cost effective analysis depends on pandemic and vaccinating elderly would be effective economically. Keywords: Pharmacoeconomic analysis; coronavirus; COVID-19 pandemic; vaccine strategy. 1. INTRODUCTION incomes of its entities, the overall tense macroeconomic policies imposed recently, and Corona virus disease identified as an acute the economics unresolved structural problems respiratory syndrome, which is known as COVID- have direct effects on the speed and depth of the 19. The significant risk group includes the elderly indirect shocks that directly penetrate the (ages >65) and people with chronic illness. Ukrainian economy [4]. Preventive measures in Coronavirus has imposed harmful effects on Ukraine, such as social distancing, closing health and economic values; an alarming borders, and slow economic activity with situation is created in Europe. This pandemic has destabilizing marketing, ave together perturbed caused a crisis in the global economy; the turbulence in the Ukraine financial market [4]. government has to face challenges in taking Here in this paper, we focus on the "value in measures to improve or prevent this situation [1]. health," focusing on health economics with the The upcoming health challenges have caused COVID-19 vaccine. pharmaceutical companies to develop vaccines for coronavirus disease [2]. Its development itself Pharmacoeconomic analysis helps in decision- is a challenge for the manufacturing companies making, which will significantly impact the and its clinical trials and balancing stakeholder’s country's economy. The most remarkable expectation in a pandemic. example of pharmacoeconomic analysis is of UK COVID-19 is declared as global pandemic in – NICE (National Institute for Health and Care relation to health and economic emergencies. Excellence), where they do decision making by Almost mortality has reached more than 2 million performing researches for QALY( Quality of the global population and in addition to this in Adjusted Life Years), or clinical trials and poor countries , the mortality has reached to modeling wherever necessary [5]. more than 140 million global population. Pharmacoeconomic studies for COVID-19 Emergency condition rises; WHO (world health vaccine involves the vaccine process and its organization) and FDA (food and drug authority) safety and efficacy. The WHO has launched the has given permission and released certain COVAX facility, the vaccine alliance, the Gavi, principles to start vaccine development. In and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness addition public health awareness programmes Innovations, enabling countries to pool their are also started as illiteracy doubles the chances purchasing power. All around the globe, Nearly of transmission of the disease. During the 141 countries started the vaccination process. COVID-19 pandemic and now, when the vaccine The vaccination process involves various stages, is in the market access, it is potentially needed of starting from the development stage to the the hour to focus on vaccine economics [1]. marketing stage. External funding is required to Currently, there are rare researches carried out continue care for the COVID-19 patients [6]. on the pharmacoeconomics analysis for the vaccine at this peak time of COVID-19. Soon, The Ministry of the health of Ukraine, the public when more population is vaccinated, there will be health center, together with support of WHO, has more demand to scrutinize the economics of proposed vaccination strategies to immunize country-specific data [3].The high reluctance of population. According to the World Bank official the economy for Ukraine, in addition to the low data, $ 90 million loan for Ukraine COVID-19 141 Volodymyrovych et al.; JPRI, 33(32A): 140-147, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69173 vaccination. World-famous developers have classified as a secondary school group, then approved four vaccines in Ukraine: AstraZeneca young adults 20-39 years, Then the remaining (Covishield), Sinovac Biotech, Pfizer-BioNTech, adults, Ages between 40–64 years and last and Novavax. Approx 43 million doses haves elderly, Ages >65 years. These groups were been purchased by Ukrainian government. Due further organized by the infectious group's to the widespread pandemic, the demand has infectious classification, an infected group been increased enormously for vaccination to without being infectious, infected with the reduce the mortality and morbidity rates. To set infectious group, recovered or dead. A report up a vaccine prioritization in a country for stated that mild respiratory symptoms were reducing the death rate and transmission rate, developed 5-6 days after infection; ranges from 1 the pharmacoeconomic analysis helps in to 14 days [9]. Another report states that the decision making [7]. This paper includes median time averages three days before the pharmaco-economic research for COVID-19 onset of symptoms; ranges from 24 hrs to 24 vaccines in Ukraine. This cost analysis research days [9]. is scarce, and yet no research has been done in Ukraine. Research identifies and compares the 2.1.1.1 Social contact patterns costs, risks, and benefits of COVID-19 vaccine strategies in Ukraine [5]. Social contact patterns are directly linked to a high transmission rate. School-going children 2. METHODOLOGY have more social contact patterns each day. Here we have evaluated age-structured social Here we analyze the pharmacoeconomic factors contact patterns from data on self-reported social for the coronavirus vaccine in Ukraine, using an contact rates from the Ministry of the health of age-structured model for transmission of COVID- Ukraine. 19 pandemic by examining health care cost and consumption involved for resources utilized in 2.1.1.2 Demographic data healthcare system specific to Ukraine [8]. This transmission model helps analyze using According to age size, the official sources have demographic data, low and high-risk groups, and up-to-date population data such as Euro stat: the contact patterns all elements used for
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Health Economics of Vaccines Boersma, Cornelis; Postma, Maarten J
    University of Groningen Health Economics of Vaccines Boersma, Cornelis; Postma, Maarten J. Published in: Value in Health DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2020.11.006 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2021 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Boersma, C., & Postma, M. J. (2021). Health Economics of Vaccines: From Current Practice to Future Perspectives. Value in Health, 24(1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2020.11.006 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 25-09-2021 - Contents lists available at sciencedirect.com Journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jval VALUE HEALTH. 2021; 24(1):1-2 Editorial Health Economics of Vaccines: From Current Practice to Future Perspectives Cornelis Boersma, PhD, Maarten J.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of the Ebola Vaccine
    Give it a shot: Seven lessons learned from the Ebola virus disease for public-private vaccine development collaboration in response to future neglected disease outbreaks Kai-Moritz Keller MALD Capstone Project, The Fletcher School Supervised by Prof. Christopher Tunnard July 2016 1 Introduction Public-Private Collaboration in Global Health – a perspective The 2014/2015 Ebola outbreak – The power of the exponential curve Vaccines: The Health intervention of choice The Ebola vaccine effort: Chance meets a shaky system Resources and needs: The network of actors Seven lessons learned: The framework The seven lessons learned: 1. Rigorous ongoing risk assessment 2. Translation of assessment in expanded public-private research efforts 3. Transfer of public-private IP to appropriate manufacturers 4. Testing and implementation coordination by WHO 5. Discussion and articulation of ethics guidelines in emergency response 6. Harmonization of regulatory approval and indemnity architecture 7. Development of a sound emergency funding structure under GAVI Conclusion Appendix Bibliography 2 Introduction In one intervention to address the 2014/2015 Ebola crisis in West Africa a variety of private and public actors came together to successfully execute a vaccine development program on an extremely tight timeline. Processes that normally take about a decade were concluded in a matter of months, as a result of unprecedented cooperation between industry, national and supra- national government bodies, the scientific community, and private-public funding mechanisms. The Ebola pandemic was eventually overcome through non-immunization means – but the vaccine program still warrants careful examination in order to distill takeaways and best practices for vaccine development in future neglected disease outbreaks.
    [Show full text]
  • The Publicly Funded Vaccines Market in the UK
    The Publicly Funded Vaccines Market in the UK Office of Health Economics OHE Consulting Report 10/01 25 October 2010 Jon Sussex, OHE1 Koonal K. Shah, OHE Corresponding author: 112 Whitehall, London, SW1A 2DY, Tel: +44 (0)20 7747 1412, E-mail: [email protected] This OHE Consulting Report presents a report that was prepared as a case study for the Federal German Ministry of Health (Bundesgesundheitsministerium), who funded the project. The full report of the wider study of vaccines markets, to which the OHE’s case study of the UK contributes, is entitled “Gutachten zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Impfstoffen in Deutschland ” (“Review for the improved efficiency of vaccines provision in Germany”), June 2010, and is available at: http://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/cln_160/nn_1168248/SharedDocs/Publikationen/DE /Forschungsberichte/gutachten-impfstoffe,templateId=raw,property=publicationFile.pdf/gutachten- impfstoffe.pdf 1 Contents 1. Background and Institutional Overview...................................................................................... 3 1.1. Features of the UK health care system ............................................................................... 3 1.2. The national immunisation programme and how vaccines reach patients .......................... 4 1.3. Organisations involved in vaccines policy, evaluation and procurement ............................. 6 2. Methods of Cost Benefit Analysis of Vaccines ............................................................................ 9 3. How the Outcomes
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Markets for Vaccines
    U.S. Markets for Vaccines U.S. Markets for Vaccines Characteristics, Case Studies, and Controversies Ernst R. Berndt, Rena N. Denoncourt, and Anjli C. Warner The AEI Press Publisher for the American Enterprise Institute WASHINGTON, D.C. Distributed to the Trade by National Book Network, 15200 NBN Way, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214. To order call toll free 1-800-462-6420 or 1-717-794-3800. For all other inquiries please contact the AEI Press, 1150 Seventeenth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 or call 1-800-862-5801. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Berndt, Ernst R. U.S. markets for vaccines : characteristics, case studies, and controversies / Ernst R. Berndt, Rena N. Denoncourt, and Anjli C. Warner. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8447-4280-9 ISBN-10: 0-8447-4280-5 1. Vaccines industry—United States. 2. Market surveys—United States. I. Denoncourt, Rena N. II. Warner, Anjli C. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Vaccines—economics—United States. 2. Drug Discovery—economics—United States. 3. Drug Industry—economics—United States. QW 805 B524u 2009] HD9675.V333.U6 2009 381'.456153720973—dc22 2009006713 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 © 2009 by the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, Wash- ington, D.C. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or repro- duced in any manner whatsoever without permission in writing from the American Enterprise Institute except in the case of brief quotations embodied in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. The views expressed in the publications of the American Enterprise Institute are those of the authors and do not neces- sarily reflect the views of the staff, advisory panels, officers, or trustees of AEI.
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccine Supply
    Implementation Vaccine Supply: A Cross- National Perspective How do the economics of vaccines differ in the United States from other countries, both industrialized and developing? by Patricia M. Danzon, Nuno Sousa Pereira, and Sapna S. Tejwani ABSTRACT: In U.S. vaccine markets, competing producers with high fixed, sunk costs face relatively concentrated demand. This tends to lead to exit of all but one or very few produc- ers per vaccine. Detailed evidence of exits and shortages in the flu vaccine market demon- strates the importance of high fixed costs, demand uncertainty, and dynamic quality com- petition. A comparison of vaccine suppliers in four industrialized countries compared with the United States shows that smaller foreign markets often have more and different vac- cine suppliers. High, country-specific, fixed costs, combined with price and volume uncer- tainty, plausibly deters these potential suppliers from attempting to enter the U.S. market. accines provide an extremely cost-effective technology for dealing with killer diseases, saving lives, and averting millions of dollars of Vpotential health spending. But the U.S. supply of key pediatric vaccines is precarious, with a declining number of producers and products, leading to peri- odic supply interruptions and shortages. In 1967 there were twenty-six licensed manufacturers of such vaccines; in 2002 there were only twelve. Five firms pro- duce almost all routine childhood vaccines, and five of the eight currently recom- mended pediatric vaccines have a single supplier.1 Supply shortages can lead to children’s not being immunized, while flu vaccine shortages pose risks to vulnera- ble populations because of the narrow window for effective administration.
    [Show full text]
  • Lessons Learned in Shaping Vaccine Markets in Low-Income Countries: a Review of the Vaccine Market Segment Supported by the GAVI Alliance
    Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Health Policy and Planning 2013;28:838–846 ß The Author 2012; all rights reserved. Advance Access publication 22 November 2012 doi:10.1093/heapol/czs123 REVIEW Lessons learned in shaping vaccine markets in low-income countries: a review of the vaccine market segment supported by the GAVI Alliance Shawn A.N. Gilchrist1* and Angeline Nanni2 1President S Gilchrist Consulting Services Inc, 8 Covebank Crescent, Brampton, Ontario, Canada L6P 2X5 and 2Director Market Access, Aeras Foundation, 1405 Research Boulevard, Rockville MD 20850, USA *Corresponding author. President S Gilchrist Consulting Services Inc, 8 Covebank Crescent, Brampton, Ontario, Canada L6P 2X5. Tel: þ1 647 401 5155. E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 24 October 2012 Objectives The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) anticipated that growing demand for new vaccines could sufficiently impact the vaccines market to allow low-income countries (LICs) to self-finance new vaccines. But the time required to lower vaccine prices was underestimated and the amount that prices would decline overestimated. To better understand how prices in the LIC vaccine market can be impacted, the vaccine market was retrospectively examined. Design GAVI archives and the published literature on the vaccine markets in LICs were reviewed for the purpose of identifying GAVI’s early assumptions for the evolution of vaccine prices, and contrasting these retrospectively with actual outcomes. Results The prices in Phases I and II of GAVI-supported vaccines failed to decline to a desirable level within a projected 5-year timeframe.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovative Financing Mechanisms to Accelerate the Introduction of HPV
    Vaccine 24S3 (2006) S3/219–S3/225 Chapter 26: Innovative financing mechanisms to accelerate the introduction of HPV vaccines in developing countries Amie Batson a,∗, Filip Meheus b,1, Steve Brooke c a Department of Health, Nutrition and Population, The World Bank, Washington, DC, USA b Institute of Development Policy and Management, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium c Programme for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Seattle, WA, USA Received 3 April 2006; accepted 15 May 2006 Abstract The costs of developing and producing new-generation vaccines have increased compared to many of the older, “traditional” vaccines because of new technologies and regulatory requirements. While the public sector often supports basic research costs, private manufacturers are usually responsible for the investments in product development and production scale-up. When considering investments, firms evaluate the probability of a market. Unfortunately, the developing country vaccine market is small (in revenue terms) and often unpredictable, particularly given inaccurate forecasting in the past. Low-income developing countries expect low prices. Demand (actual decisions to pay for and introduce the vaccine) is almost always lower than need (estimates of requirements to achieve optimal public health outcomes), a distinction that may be even more significant for HPV vaccines given the number of new vaccines against priority diseases that will become available over the coming 5 years. One new mechanism under consideration to address some of these challenges is Advanced Market Commitments (AMCs). By providing an assured price subsidy for developing country purchase of a future vaccine meeting predefined standards, an AMC would provide industry with greater assurances of earning a reasonable return on their investment to serve the poorest developing countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Making Markets for Vaccines a Practical Plan
    Making Markets for Vaccines A practical plan Consultation Draft Report of the Working Group Making Markets for Vaccines – Consultation Draft Working Group Members Alice Albright, The Vaccine Fund (Co-Chair) Jon Andrus, Pan-American Health Organization Abhijit Banerjee, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Amie Batson, The World Bank Ernie Berndt, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lael Brainard, The Brookings Institution David Cutler, Harvard University Shanta Devarajan, The World Bank David Gold, Global Health Strategies Peter Hutt, Covington & Burling Michael Kremer, Harvard University (Co-Chair) Randall Kroszner, University of Chicago Ruth Levine, Center for Global Development (Co-Chair) Donald Light, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Tom McGuire, Harvard University Medical School Tomas Philipson, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Leighton Read, Alloy Ventures Tom Scholar, International Monetary Fund Raj Shah, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation David Stephens, Emory University Wendy Taylor, BIO Ventures for Global Health Adrian Towse, Office of Health Economics Sean Tunis, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Sharon White, UK Department for International Development Victor Zonana, Global Health Strategies Members of the Working Group were invited to join in a personal capacity. This report does not necessarily represent the views of the organizations to which they are affiliated. 2 Contents Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • National Vaccine Plan Public Comments Table—Organizations
    Preface Written comments on the draft strategic National Vaccine Plan are featured below in a table format. Column One lists the page numbers of the Plan to which the comment refers. Column Two lists the Plan item related to the comment. Comments listed in Column Three include the organization commenting, followed by an individual (in parentheses) if one was listed. Organizations are listed by their full title on first reference and by abbreviation in all subsequent comments. Comments received from individuals list their organizational affiliation or country of origin, if available, but views expressed by individuals do not necessarily reflect the perspectives of their employer or organization. It also should be noted that comments only include those submitted by non-federal stakeholders. All comments or questions about the draft strategic National Vaccine Plan should be addressed to [email protected]. Federal Framework for a National Vaccine Plan Public Comments Page Item Comments 1-3 Title page, Table of Contents 4 ASH Preface 5-7 Acronyms and Abbreviations 8-14 Executive Summary John Snow Incorporated (JSI) (Steinglass): “Vaccine coverage surveillance” (in the text on page 9, in Figure 1 and later identical figures, and at the bottom of page 48) is an odd term. The conventional term would be “vaccine coverage monitoring.” “Surveillance” in the context of immunization programs is best reserved for the regular monitoring of disease, AEFI, genotypes, etc. “Surveillance” is so important that we use it to describe a special of monitoring of disease. We usually “monitor” quality, coverage, costs, etc. Gates Foundation (Orenstein): On page 17, last paragraph – I find the wording confusing.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Evaluation of Vaccines in Canada: a Systematic Review
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics ISSN: 2164-5515 (Print) 2164-554X (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/khvi20 Economic evaluation of vaccines in Canada: A systematic review Ayman Chit, Jason K. H. Lee, Minsup Shim, Van Hai Nguyen, Paul Grootendorst, Jianhong Wu, Robert Van Exan & Joanne M. Langley To cite this article: Ayman Chit, Jason K. H. Lee, Minsup Shim, Van Hai Nguyen, Paul Grootendorst, Jianhong Wu, Robert Van Exan & Joanne M. Langley (2016) Economic evaluation of vaccines in Canada: A systematic review, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 12:5, 1257-1264, DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1137405 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2015.1137405 © 2016 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis© Ayman Chit, Jason K. H. Lee, Minsup Shim, Van Hai Nguyen, Paul Grootendorst, Jianhong Wu, Robert Van Exan, and Joanne M. Langley View supplementary material Accepted author version posted online: 18 Feb 2016. Published online: 18 Feb 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 187 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=khvi20 Download by: [185.86.89.210] Date: 17 June 2016, At: 02:06 HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS 2016, VOL. 12, NO. 5, 1257–1264 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2015.1137405 RESEARCH PAPER Economic evaluation of vaccines in Canada: A systematic review Ayman Chita,b, Jason K. H. Leea,b, Minsup Shimb, Van Hai Nguyenc, Paul
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Health Economics of Tick-Borne Diseases
    University of Groningen Health economics of tick-borne diseases Smit, Renata IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2016 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Smit, R. (2016). Health economics of tick-borne diseases [Groningen]: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 11-02-2018 Health Economics of Tick-Borne Diseases Renata Šmit 1 This work was performed within the Research Institute SHARE (Science in Healthy Ageing and healthcaRE) of the University Medical Center Groningen, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Groningen. The printing of this thesis was financially supported by the University of Groningen, the Research Institute SHARE of the Faculty of Medical Sciences and the Groningen Graduate School of Science.
    [Show full text]
  • (President GSK Vaccines): Hello Everyone
    GLAXOSMITHKLINE VACCINES INVESTOR EVENT Thursday, 26 September 2019 Wavre, Belgium Roger Connor (President GSK Vaccines): Hello everyone. You are very welcome to Belgium. It is my privilege to be the Head of the GSK Vaccines business. I have been in this company just over 20 years. I have worked in Manufacturing and Supply for most of my career and I led our Global Manufacturing and Supply organisation for a number of years sitting on the Corporate Executive Team. It was just a year ago that Emma asked me to become the President of our Global Vaccines business and I have to say that I love my job, it is incredible the difference that we get to make to people's lives. We are the world's largest Vaccines company and we estimate that 40% of the world's children receive a GSK vaccine, which is something of which we are incredibly proud and we can't wait today to bring to live for you this business. Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements I want to start with the normal cautionary statement that we share before moving on to the agenda. Agenda We have two hours planned - two fun-filled hours I hope! I know you have had a busy morning having a look around this amazing facility. First, we are going to have some presentations. I hope to set the scene on the market, talk a little bit about why GSK is positioned well within that market and then Manu, who is Head of Research, will talk about our pipeline, our technology and our science.
    [Show full text]