DOCSLIB.ORG

Augrabies Falls National Park

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Augrabies Falls National Park 1 Module 7 Component 2: Augrabies and Kgalagadi NP Augrabies Falls Population: Altitude:643m/2110ft Siyanda District National Park (88 Rainfall: Muncipality 000 ha) Approximately 80km/120 km west of Upington. Origin It was established in 1966. Name 'Augrabies', is derived from the Koranna Khoe word ‘aukurabis’ meaning 'the water that thunders' / !Oukurubes “the water that thunders” Claims to fame A ravine of about 260m has been cut through the granite-gneiss rock by rushing water over millions of years. • This is the main feature of the Park. • The falls are 65m high and the pool below 93m in diameter. Augrabies • It is estimated that the pool is about 130m deep. falls • The volume exceeds that of the Victoria Falls when as many as 19 waterfalls plunges over the cliff when the river is in flood. Legends and stories surrounding the falls. • It is very difficult to reach to pool below and believed to host a huge serpent, South Africa’s own ‘Loch Ness monster’. • It is also said that a fortune of alluvial diamonds had been deposited into the pool by the river over a long period of time. • If anything, there should be several giant mud barbells, a fish that may reach length of 2 meters. Flora Quiver trees, wild olive and white karee dots the landscape, while Mesembryanthemums or ‘vygies’, an array of aloes, cat-thorn and raisin bush are some of the more common plants. Grasses include blue buffalo grass, finger grass, Cat’s tail and Kalahari sour grass. Some of the more interesting flora: Fauna About 50 mammal species occur in the park. The scrub hare, ground squirrel, mongoose (yellow, slender and grey); rock hyra (dassie); chacma baboon (Kaapse Bobbejaan), vervet monkey; giraffe, common duiker, springbok, klipspringer, steenbok, gemsbok, kudu and eland are the most likely to be seen. Eland, along with black rhino have been recently reintroduced to the Park. Amphibians and reptiles exceed 60 species. The clawed platanna, Karoo toad, common rain frog are clicking river frog are among the 10 species of frogs in the Park. The Cape Cobra, black necked spitting cobra, Pofadder, horned adder, etc. are some of the poisonous snakes found in the region. Northern Cape Province ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty) Ltd 2008 2 Module 7 Component 2: Augrabies and Kgalagadi NP Attractions and activities • Arrow Head Look out • Ararat Points • Moon Rock • Oranjekom The Dassie (Rock Hyrax) trail • This is a 5km long trail. • Precautionary measures includes wearing a hat and appropriate footwear, apply sun block, taking sufficient water and be careful when climbing over slippery rocks. • The route is numbered (1-10, see below) and the hiker can expect very interesting this along the way. 1 The name Phragmites is derived from ‘phragma’, the Greek word for The fence. This refers it growing like a ‘fence’ along the streams. Except for common Antarctica, it is found on all the continents making the plant one of the reed most widely spread, if not the widest distribution of flower plants in the (Phragmites world. Although a usually unwanted invader, it plays a valuable role in australis) filtering water very efficiently. This ability is applied at the Park’s sewerage works to circulate clean water in the system . 2 Stream ‘Stream capture occurs when two side streams flow from a braided stream capture but one cuts more quickly into its basin than the other. The consequence and gorge of this is that water is constantly drawn into the deeper channel with the formation other channel having little to no water.’ (Dassie trail interpretive booklet). at Arrow Point 3 These are volcanic rock that solidified underground to form a dyke. The Through intense pressure and heat it was changed into metamorphic rock. Swartrante Both types of rocks are more resistant against erosion and were left (‘black protruding above the ground. A shiny, thin layer or also known as ‘desert coloured varnish’, protects the rock from further chemical deterioration . The layer is hills) formed by oxides of titanium, manganese and iron leaching from the rock. Northern Cape Province ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty) Ltd 2008 3 Module 7 Component 2: Augrabies and Kgalagadi NP Plant material needs to be broken down in order to release nutrients back into the soil. Usually organisms such as nematode, fungi, bacteria and protozoa, all tiny soil organisms do the job. However, due to the dry 4 conditions, only a few can survive, too little to make an impact. In the Decomposition Nama Karoo biome, Harvester termites are very important in contributing to this process. They feed directly on the plant material and micro-organisms in the guts of the termites then decomposes the material to be reintroduced into the soil. 5 The tree is known as ‘the tree of life’ in arid regions as it provides nutrition to Shepherds both man and animals. It also has medicinal applications and features in Tree the spiritual beliefs an folklore of many African people. Its hard-leathery, (Boscia small leaves prevents too much water from evaporating, and the smooth, albitrunca) whitish-grey bark reflects the suns rays. Two oblong granite-gneiss domes (Ararat and Moon rock), the largest 700m long and 100m high, were formed by the tendency of the rock to exfoliate opposed to weathering. This is due to the uniform composition 6 allowing only widely spaced joints. The process known as ‘onion-skin Moon rock weathering’ and sheets of rock varying from a few centimeters to a few meters thick are exfoliated. ‘A-frame Pop-ups’ is a most interesting, but rare phenomena and are formed due to internal stress. There is uncertainty as to how they were formed, some geologists attributes it to glacial action several thousand of years ago, others to major flash 7 floods in the past. Another theory states that due to the difference in size Potholes and texture of the rocks in the stream, some were broken away, forming a ‘hole’. Pebbles and grains of sands would accumulate, constantly moving ins circles acting as an abrasive, consequently deepening the hole. 8 Namaqua It is well adapted for growing in dry, rocky deserts and its roots are fig prominent against the rocks. Its evergreen leaves and light coloured bark (Ficus effectively reduces water loss through transpiration chordate) 9 Dassies / Usually congregating on rocks and white streaks of urine stains indicate the Rock Hyrax presence of a colony. Hyracium, is a folk medicine in South Africa and is made of the crystallized urine. Various species of birds and animals are found in this habitat: 10 The water monitor (Varanus niloticus) is Africa’s largest lizard (100-200cm) Stream life and the Giant Kingfisher (Ceryle maxima) the largest of all the kingfishers (43-46cm). The Cape Clawless Otter (Aonyx capensis) are also at home here. Northern Cape Province ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty) Ltd 2008 4 Module 7 Component 2: Augrabies and Kgalagadi NP Riemvasmaak Population: Altitude: Siyanda District Rainfall: Muncipality Located where the Molopo River joins the Gariep from the north. Historical overview • In 1973/74, the people of Riemvasmaak were forcefully removed to Namibia and the Eastern Cape in terms of the Apartheid policies. • The South Africa defense force then utilised the settlement as a training venue. • In 1994, it became one of the first restitution projects and 74 000ha were given back to the people. • The settlement mainly consists of Nama living at the mission at Riemvasmaak. • Another third is Xhosa, residing on at the Vredesvallei settlement on the Gariep (Orange) River In 2002, the inhabitants received the deeds to their plots. Historical sites and monuments • Roman Catholic Mission Station. Attractions and activities • Hot springs • ‘Beauty and the beast’ rock formation • 4x4 routes • Three hiking trails • Bird watching : Namaqua aDove, Black Eagle • Photography opportunities • Traditional meals and dancing • Sand dunes at Vredesvallei • Vredesvallei ‘taxi’ (boat across the river) Essentials • 4 liters per persons per day • Insect repellent • Sunscreen • Medical kit Khamkirri • Ideally located to access places such as the Augrabies Falls National Private Park, Riemvasmaak Hotsprings, Richtersveld, Namaqualand and Game Namibia. Reserve • The Nama called this area “Place of the leopard”. Northern Cape Province ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty) Ltd 2008 5 Module 7 Component 2: Augrabies and Kgalagadi NP Gordonia Population: Altitude: Siyanda District Rainfall: 100-500mm Muncipality On route the R360 north from Upington all along to the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. Boundaries: Molopo River (north); the Orange River (south); Langberg and Koranna mountains (East). • Gordonia is the largest magisterial district in the country (53 500 km²). • Upington on the Orange River is the main town of the Gordonia. Name • It was named after the four times prime minister of the Cape Colony (1879), Sir Gordon Sprigg. • Also known as Korannaland. Claims to fame • Some of the largest saltpans in the world are hosted in Gordonia The Kalahari Desert • It was created over millions of years through wind erosion and roughly incorporates Gordonia in South Africa, most of Botswana, parts of Angola and a large Section of Zimbabwe. • It is the largest sandbed in the world. • The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (previously the Kalahari Gemsbok Park), as well as the Etosha Game Reserve in Namibia both serve to conserve the game that roamed the area in days gone by. Name ‘Kalahari’ is a corruption of the Tswana word kgalagadi that refers to a large area with almost no surface water and arid. Even so, it is not a true desert such as the Sahara with its bare dunes and scarce vegetation. Fact file Surface area: 933 000 km² Altitude: 200m to 900m Grain size: varies from 0.25mm - 0.4mm up to 1 mm Rainfall : 175 mm p.a.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Freshwater Fishes
    WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE state oF BIODIVERSITY 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction 2 Chapter 2 Methods 17 Chapter 3 Freshwater fishes 18 Chapter 4 Amphibians 36 Chapter 5 Reptiles 55 Chapter 6 Mammals 75 Chapter 7 Avifauna 89 Chapter 8 Flora & Vegetation 112 Chapter 9 Land and Protected Areas 139 Chapter 10 Status of River Health 159 Cover page photographs by Andrew Turner (CapeNature), Roger Bills (SAIAB) & Wicus Leeuwner. ISBN 978-0-620-39289-1 SCIENTIFIC SERVICES 2 Western Cape Province State of Biodiversity 2007 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Andrew Turner [email protected] 1 “We live at a historic moment, a time in which the world’s biological diversity is being rapidly destroyed. The present geological period has more species than any other, yet the current rate of extinction of species is greater now than at any time in the past. Ecosystems and communities are being degraded and destroyed, and species are being driven to extinction. The species that persist are losing genetic variation as the number of individuals in populations shrinks, unique populations and subspecies are destroyed, and remaining populations become increasingly isolated from one another. The cause of this loss of biological diversity at all levels is the range of human activity that alters and destroys natural habitats to suit human needs.” (Primack, 2002). CapeNature launched its State of Biodiversity Programme (SoBP) to assess and monitor the state of biodiversity in the Western Cape in 1999. This programme delivered its first report in 2002 and these reports are updated every five years. The current report (2007) reports on the changes to the state of vertebrate biodiversity and land under conservation usage.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Applicant: Dawid Kruiper Local Municipality (Formerly Mier Municipality) Business Reg
    Project applicant: Dawid Kruiper Local Municipality (formerly Mier Municipality) Business reg. no. /ID. no.: Contact person: Josef Willemse (Acting Municipal Manager) / Ivan van Wyk/ Tinus Galloway Postal address: Loubosweg 63, Rietfontein, 8811 Telephone: Fax: (054) 531 0928/0019 or (054) (054) 531 0019 337 2813 E-mail: Prepared by: Environmental Assessment EnviroAfrica CC Practitioner/Firm: Business reg. no. /ID. no.: CK 97 46008/23 Contact person: Clinton Geyser/Bernard de Witt Postal address: P.O. Box. 5367, Helderberg, 7135 Telephone: Cell: 021 851 1616 Fax: E-mail: [email protected] 086 512 0154 (For official use only) File Reference Number: Application Number: Date Received: 1 Basic Assessment Report in terms of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 2014, promulgated in terms of the National Environmental Management Act, 1998 (Act No. 107 of 1998), as amended. Kindly note that: • This basic assessment report is a standard report that may be required by a competent authority in terms of the EIA Regulations, 2014 and is meant to streamline applications. Please make sure that it is the report used by the particular competent authority for the activity that is being applied for. • This report format is current as of 08 December 2014. It is the responsibility of the applicant to ascertain whether subsequent versions of the form have been published or produced by the competent authority • The report must be typed within the spaces provided in the form. The size of the spaces provided is not necessarily indicative of the amount of information to be provided. The report is in the form of a table that can extend itself as each space is filled with typing.
    [Show full text]
  • Reptiles and Amphibians of the Goegap Nature Reserve
    their time underground in burrows. These amphibians often leave their burrows after heavy rains that are seldom. Reptiles And Amphibians Of The There are reptiles included in this report, which don’t occur here in Goegap but at the Augrabies Falls NP. So you can find here also the Nile monitor and the flat liz- Goegap Nature Reserve ard. Measuring reptiles By Tanja Mahnkopf In tortoises and terrapins the length is measured at the shell. Straight along the mid- line of the carapace. The SV-Length is the length of head and body (Snout to Vent). In lizards it easier to look for this length because their tail may be a regenerated one Introduction and these are often shorter than the original one. The length that is mentioned for the The reptiles are an ancient class on earth. The earliest reptile fossils are about 315 species in this report is the average to the maximum length. For the snakes I tried to million years old. During the aeons of time they evolved a great diversity of extinct give the total length because it is often impossible to say where the tail begins and and living reptiles. The dinosaurs and their relatives dominated the earth 150 million the body ends without holding the snake. But there was not for every snake a total years ago. Our living reptiles are remnants of that period or from a period after the length available. dinosaurs were extinct. Except of the chameleons (there are only two) you can find all reptiles in the appen- Obviously it looks like reptiles are not as successful as mammals.
    [Show full text]
  • Nc Travelguide 2016 1 7.68 MB
    Experience Northern CapeSouth Africa NORTHERN CAPE TOURISM AUTHORITY Tel: +27 (0) 53 832 2657 · Fax +27 (0) 53 831 2937 Email:[email protected] www.experiencenortherncape.com 2016 Edition www.experiencenortherncape.com 1 Experience the Northern Cape Majestically covering more Mining for holiday than 360 000 square kilometres accommodation from the world-renowned Kalahari Desert in the ideas? North to the arid plains of the Karoo in the South, the Northern Cape Province of South Africa offers Explore Kimberley’s visitors an unforgettable holiday experience. self-catering accommodation Characterised by its open spaces, friendly people, options at two of our rich history and unique cultural diversity, finest conservation reserves, Rooipoort and this land of the extreme promises an unparalleled Dronfield. tourism destination of extreme nature, real culture and extreme adventure. Call 053 839 4455 to book. The province is easily accessible and served by the Kimberley and Upington airports with daily flights from Johannesburg and Cape Town. ROOIPOORT DRONFIELD Charter options from Windhoek, Activities Activities Victoria Falls and an internal • Game viewing • Game viewing aerial network make the exploration • Bird watching • Bird watching • Bushmen petroglyphs • Vulture hide of all five regions possible. • National Heritage Site • Swimming pool • Self-drive is allowed Accommodation The province is divided into five Rooipoort has a variety of self- Accommodation regions and boasts a total catering accommodation to offer. • 6 fully-equipped • “The Shooting Box” self-catering chalets of six national parks, including sleeps 12 people sharing • Consists of 3 family units two Transfrontier parks crossing • Box Cottage and 3 open plan units sleeps 4 people sharing into world-famous safari • Luxury Tented Camp destinations such as Namibia accommodation andThis Botswanais the world of asOrange well River as Cellars.
    [Show full text]
  • Frogs of WWK Lowres
    COPYRIGHT WILLEM MATTHEE [email protected] INTRODUCTION During 2010, I observed numerous frog species on the Wolwekraal Private Nature Reserve, and managed to photograph some of them. This document acts as an identification guide for the frog species already observed on the reserve. Other species that may occur on Wolwekraal, will be described in another document. This guide includes photographs, the key identification features, calls and habitats of all the species observed. FROGS OF THE Observations of Wolwekraal frogs were mostly confined to the nursery and surrounds, with only a few incidental records made on the rest of the estate. In order to compile a complete list for WOLWEKRAAL Wolwekraal, I suggest that any pools forming after rainstorms are thoroughly investigated, as these temporary pools are the required breeding habitat for numerous frog species. Another major habitat for frogs is the Dorps River. but due to its erratic flow and the invasion of its banks by the alien Tamarix ramosissima frog species may be rare along its course. The PRIVATE NATURE sewage overflow stream also presents possibilities for unrecorded species to be observed, as a number of frogs have been observed along its course. Tadpoles have also been observed in the stream, indicating successful breeding by frogs. Very few frog species would occur far from temporary or permanent water sources, but a few may be found in the soft sand of the aeolian RESERVE, PRINCE and alluvial plains. During and after summer rainstorms, the presence or absence of frogs in these areas can be determined by listening for frog calls.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing of a Framework to Evaluate the Internal Audit Functions at Municipalities in South Africa
    Developing of a framework to evaluate the internal audit functions at municipalities in South Africa LJ MAMAILE orcid.org 0000-0002-8568-0134 Thesis accepted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Accountancy at the North-West University Promoter: Prof P Lucouw Graduation: October 2018 Student number: 27813339 ABSTRACT This research examines internal audit functions (IAFs) in municipalities in South Africa. Municipalities are established to provide services to the people residing within them, and do so by providing various services such as water and electricity supply, sanitation, roads, etc. It is therefore important for every IAF within municipalities to continuously evaluate their operational plans and best practice business processes to ensure that citizens’ expectations are met. The Auditor-General South Africa (AGSA) continues to express concern about the quality of financial governance in municipalities, as evidenced by the adverse audit opinions issued annually by the auditor-general’s office. This research therefore intends to contribute to the existing body of academic knowledge by pursuing the following objectives: developing a practical framework to effectively add value to municipalities by facilitating their IAFs; identifying the roles and responsibilities of IAFs within municipalities; identifying the challenges that prevent the smooth functioning of IAFs in municipalities; considering and discussing what must be done to ensure that the internal audits are independent; identifying the characteristics of effective IAFs for South African municipalities. To achieve the research objectives, a non-positivist paradigm or constructivist paradigm was applied for objectivity, reliability, and in support of generalisation. The study followed a qualitative and sequential explanatory design to achieve the stated objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Biology of Endangered Freshwater Fishes – Linking Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fishes with River Conservation, Focussing on the Cederberg
    CONSERVATION BIOLOGY OF ENDANGERED FRESHWATER FISHES – LINKING CONSERVATION OF ENDANGERED FRESHWATER FISHES WITH RIVER CONSERVATION, FOCUSSING ON THE CEDERBERG Report to the Water Research Commission Edited by IR Bills1 and ND Impson2 1South African Institute of Aquatic Biodiversity 2CapeNature WRC Report No. KV 305/12 ISBN 978-1-4312-0348-2 JANUARY 2013 OBTAINABLE FROM Water Research Commission Private Bag X03 Gezina, Pretoria, 0031 South Africa [email protected] or download from www.wrc.org.za The publication of this report emanates from a WRC project entitled Conservation biology of endangered freshwater fishes – Linking conservation of endangered freshwater fishes with river conservation, focusing on the Cederberg. (WRC Project No.K8/592) DISCLAIMER This report has been reviewed by the Water Research Commission (WRC) and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the WRC, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. © WATER RESEARCH COMMISSION ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the Water Research Commission for providing the funding for this work. Cape Nature and the South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity provided varied logistical support for most of the sub-projects. In particular Mrs. Sally Terry (SAIAB) helped with all aspects of coordination and curation of samples at SAIAB. Dr Olaf Weyl co-supervised Vusi Mthombeni’s MSc work and together with R. Bills provided additional funding for the catfish biology study. iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No 1 Introduction .………………………………………………………….…………….......1 Roger Bills and Dean Impson 2 Barnard’s rock catfish (Austroglanis barnardi).…………………….…………….5 Roger Bills 3 Clanwilliam roc catfish (Austroglanis gilli).………………………………………17 Roger Bills 4 Twee River redfin (Barbus erubescens) …………………………….……………30 Roger Bills 5 A study of the maintenance and culture requirements of Barbus erubescens, Austroglanis barnardi and A.
    [Show full text]
  • 30 June 2018 for the Year Ended Dawid Kruiper Municipality Audited Financial Statements
    DAWID KRUIPER MUNICIPALITY AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2018 DAWID KRUIPER MUNICIPALITY Financial Statements For the Year Ended 30 June 2018 GENERAL INFORMATION NATURE OF BUSINESS Dawid Kruiper Municipality is a local municipality performing the functions as set out in the Constitution (Act no 105 of 1996). COUNTRY OF ORIGIN AND LEGAL FORM South African Category B Municipality (Local Municipality) as defined by the Municipal Structures Act (Act no 117 of 1998) and are classified as a medium capacity municipality. JURISDICTION The Dawid Kruiper Municipality includes the following areas: Upington Welkom Swartkopdam Lambrechtsdrift Leerkrans Philandersbron Rietfontein Sesbrugge Kalksloot Noenieput Askham Klein Mier Karos Andriesvale Loubos Groot Mier The total population of Dawid Kruiper Municipality is 100 497 (STATS 2011 for //Khara Hais Local Municipality and Mier Local Municipality) and the jurisdiction size is 44 231 km2. MEMBERS OF COUNCIL: LA Koloi Executive Mayor M Segede Speaker E Mnyaka Member of Executive Committee E Lebitsa Member of Executive Committee J Moya Member of Executive Committee M Eiman Member of Executive Committee M Andreas Member of Executive Committee S Masikani Member of Executive Committee M W Davids Councillor F Olifant Councillor L Stander Councillor A C C Morkel Councillor S D Dubeni Councillor B Kalote Councillor F T van der Steen Councillor J H Opperman Councillor B L B Bosman Councillor M Maasdorp Councillor S Rooi Councillor M Klaaste Councillor K de Wee Councillor M Plaatjies
    [Show full text]
  • Kalahari Red Dune Routes
    THE NORTHERN CAPE EXPERIENCE Welcome to the Northern Cape It is the largest province of South Africa with two of the world renowned deserts, two of Africa’s largest rivers Two world heritage sites five regions, 7 routes, All making the Northern Cape Province an unforgettable holiday experiences. The Green Kalahari The contrasting vastness of the Green Kalahari will overwhelm visitors with its dramatic changes in landscape from dramatic semi-deserts and the stark silhouettes of sweeping sand dunes to the lush green valleys of vineyards and fruit orchards hugging the banks of the mighty Orange River. Two routes the Quiver Tree and Kalahari Red Dune Routes. Kalahari Red Dune Route Golden dunes, wide-open skies and flat-topped acacia trees epitomize the Kalahari Red Dune Route. Stretching from Upington right to the Namibian border, visitors traverse the villages of Ashkam, Groot and Klein Mier and Rietfontein. Adventure, culture and echo nature lovers can experience the unique offerings of the route. Accommodation range from farm stays, boutique lodges and camping. This route features one of the two Northern Cape’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites – Khomani San Cultural Landscape Route Experience Itinerary Adventure – Nature – Culture Nature . Dune sunsets tours and desert dinners, . Meerkat Encounters - morning and evening walking tours and guided drives . Dark skies sanctuary - best stargazing in the world . Guided Birdwatching trails . Game viewing drives and walks . Dune and desert landscapes . Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park - home of the mighty Kalahari lion . Adventure – Nature – Culture The route offers a wide range of adventure options ideal for families, adventure seekers and the older visitor and these include.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Mier in Rietfontein, South Africa Timothy Zviripi Munjoma
    VULNERABILITY OF LIVESTOCK FARMERS IN SOUTHERN KALAHARI; THE CASE OF MIER IN RIETFONTEIN, SOUTH AFRICA A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in International Environment Studies By Timothy Zviripi Munjoma March 2013 Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric) Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB) i The Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric, is the international gateway for the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), which consists of eight departments, associated research institutions and the Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine in Oslo. Established in 1986, Noragric’s contribution to international development lies in the interface between research, education (Bachelor, Masters and PhD programmes) and assignments. The Noragric Masters theses are the final theses submitted in order to fulfill the requirements under the Noragric Masters programme- ‘International Environment Studies’, ‘Development Studies’ and other Master programmes. The findings in this thesis do not necessarily reflect the views of Noragric. Extracts from this publication may only be reproduced after prior consultation with the author and on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation contact Noragric. Extracts from © Munjoma Timothy, March 2013 [email protected] All picture credits: Gladman Thondhlana, except where stated Noragric Department of International Environment and Development Studies P. O. Box 5003 N-1432 Ås Norway Tel.: +47 64 96 52 00 Fax: +47 64 96 52 01 Internet: http://www.umb.no/noragric ii DECLARATION I, Timothy Zviripi Munjoma, declare that this thesis is a result of my research investigations and findings. Sources of information other than my own have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended.
    [Show full text]
  • Khomani San of the Southern Kalahari 74 3.1 Introduction
    Genealogies and narratives of San authenticities The ≠Khomani San land claim in the southern Kalahari by William Ellis Source: Bantu Studies 11(3) Jones & Doke 1937 Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts: Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of the Western Cape Supervisor: Professor Diana Gibson University of the Western Cape 15 November 2012 Keywords: San, Bushmen, ≠Khomani, authenticity, land claims, Kalahari, traditional leadership 1 Abstract Genealogies and narratives of San authenticities The ≠Khomani San land claim in the southern Kalahari William Ellis Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts: Department of Anthropology and Sociology In this thesis, I examine the narratives of authenticity, the limits thereof, the potential interests served by these narratives, and the power relations involved in the promotion of an authentic San identity. I focus on four key areas to achieve this goal: the methodological issues involved in studying authenticity, the framing of the land claim lodged by the San against the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park in South Africa in 1995, the post-land claim settlement activities on the restituted farms, and the various issues around authenticity and traditional leadership. I will also highlight a variety of issues, ranging from livelihoods to governance, community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), identity and ethnicity, and common property debates. The study begins with a brief introduction to the richly textured and highly contested debates and analytical issues concerning the San. Among other things, this first part of the thesis deals with naming, the alleged disappearance of the San, and the eventual reemergence of this group in the post-apartheid landscape of southern Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Abundance and Scarcity
    ABUNDANCE AND SCARCITY: THE STORY OF WATER IN THE Orange–SENQU RIVER BASIN UNDP partners with people at all levels of society to help build nations that can withstand crisis, and drive and sustain the kind of growth that improves the quality of life for everyone. On the ground in 177 countries and territories, we offer global perspective and local insight to help empower lives and build resilient nations. www.undp.org The GEF unites 182 countries in partnership with international institutions, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and the private sector to address global environmental issues while supporting national sustainable development initiatives. Today the GEF is the largest public funder of projects to improve the global environment. An independently operating financial organisation, the GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants. Since 1991, GEF has achieved a strong track record with developing countries and countries with economies in transition, providing $9.2 billion in grants and leveraging $40 billion in co-financing for over 2,700 projects in over 168 countries. www.thegef.org Produced by the UNDP–GEF Orange–Senqu Strategic Action Programme Published by the Orange–Senqu River Commission (ORASECOM), www.orasecom.org First published in 2014. Copyright © ORASECOM, www.orasecom.org ORASECOM Report 001/2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including film, microfilm, transparency, photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder.
    [Show full text]