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Brain Structural Predispositions for Music and Language Processing

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Brain Structural Predispositions for Music and Language Processing Brain structural predispositions for music and language processing Lucía Vaquero Zamora Aquesta tesi doctoral està subjecta a la llicència Reconeixement- NoComercial 4.0. Espanya de Creative Commons. Esta tesis doctoral está sujeta a la licencia Reconocimiento - NoComercial 4.0. España de Creative Commons. This doctoral thesis is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0. Spain License. Doctoral Program in Biomedicine Brain structural predispositions for music and language processing PhD candidate: Lucía Vaquero Zamora PhD supervisor: Dr. Antoni Rodríguez Fornells Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit Department of Cognitive Processes University of Barcelona “Heart is the engine of your body, but Brain is the engine of your life” Michael Cretu (Enigma) Cover by: Patricia Esteban Zamora Acknowledgements This work and the amazing trip that has made it possible, are unbelievably (and somehow surrounded by a magical atmosphere) arriving to its end. And due to that nostalgia that attacks us at the end of the chapter in a well-written book, in the first moments right after the words ‘The End’ have danced on the screen, in the static second after the last bar of a musical piece has been played in a concert and one can still smell the scent of that last chord, I cannot help thinking in all those ‘coincidences’ that have brought me exactly to this point. Reading about Ramon y Cajal’s hypothesis about brain plasticity when I was just a child, completing my secondary education in a high-school with Cajal’s name, some of my physiotherapy teachers showing me a world full of possibilities and gaps to fill in research, my passion for music driving me from wanting to play to wanting to understand musicians’ bodies and music learning, moving from one city to another, crossing paths with people that was already determined to complete a PhD… As Boris Cyrulnik said, “The paradox of the human condition, is that you can become yourself just under the influence of others”. Thus, as a trip in which I have learnt and grown so much, both personal and professionally, and before closing this important chapter in my life, I must try to put in words how thankful I am for the wonderful people I have in my life that have supported me through the space and time, and that have helped me in completing this great journey. I could not have done any of this without a lot of people that have been by my side, that have contributed in a more or less direct way to this work, in a scientific and/or personal way. So, in no particular order (or language, for that matter) I would like to thank and dedicate this thesis to the following people. Primero de todo, debo reconocer que ni una sola línea de esta tesis (ni un solo minuto del trabajo que hay detrás de ella) habría sido posible sin mi supervisor, Antoni Rodríguez Fornells: sin su trabajo, su apoyo y su manera de preocuparse por los proyectos y los que nos implicamos en ellos, nada de esto habría sido posible. Muchísimas gracias, Toni, por creer en mí, en mis capacidades y en mi motivación, gracias por apoyarme pese a que no teníamos ninguna financiación clara, pese a que mi background podía haber sido un problema. Gracias por enseñarme tanto, por permitirme trabajar con esa independencia y por darme la oportunidad de disfrutar de mi pequeño espacio dentro del campo de la investigación, así como por ponerme en contacto y darme la oportunidad de trabajar con tant@s investigador@s y proyectos diferentes. Gracias por tu paciencia con mis cambios de humor y con la manera que tengo de comunicar mis ideas a veces, con mis metidas de pata por no preguntar a veces 5 las cosas a tiempo; gracias también por preocuparte por otros temas al margen de la investigación y del doctorado, por hacerme tan fácil pasar tiempo con mi familia siempre que ha sido necesario y, sobre todo, gracias por permitirme formar parte de este gran lab(familia) llamado Brainvitge. Por último, gracias por seguir tirando del carro, pese a que hacer investigación en este país es cada vez más y más difícil (y, por tanto, cansado y frustrante, muchas veces). Gracias por no tirar la toalla, por continuar con la lucha y batallar por cada proyecto y por mantener con vida este maravilloso lab. ¡Un millón de gracias, really! A mis adorad@s brainvitgers, múltiples, divers@s, geniales y números@s, por crear este espacio, esta familia en la que un@ puede discutir sobre ciencia, feminismo, política, historia, series frikis, cómo cocinar una auténtica paella, y cómo mejorar un análisis de MRI, todo en el mismo día y contexto. Especialmente, a Viktória (aka, Batman) por ser mi mentora y guía, tanto a nivel personal como científico, en los primeros y cruciales pasos de este viaje. Gracias por compartir conmigo tus conocimientos, tu humor inconfundible, tu visión del mundo, tus motivaciones, algunos sueños; gracias por tus consejos y tu oído en momentos tan importantes. Por encima de todo, gracias por tu amistad. A Claudia, por la “conexión extranjera” que nos hizo empezar esta amistad (así como por esa conexión basada en David Bowie/Depeche Mode/U2 ;)), por toda la terapia para devolvernos la confianza en nosotras mismas y en nuestras capacidades como investigadoras. Por todo lo que nos queda por compartir a un lado u otro del Atlántico! A Julià, por confiar en mí, por subirme la moral, por convertirte en un amigo de verdad, por sorprenderme estando a mi lado en momentos cruciales en los que el suelo se abría bajo mis pies. Gracias por todos tus consejos, tu ayuda, tu visión y tu practicidad cuando me iba por las ramas; gracias por estar ahí y por valorarme tanto! En conjunto, gracias a los tres por ese equipo de supervivencia, “We will survive!”; de los ilustres miembros de ese grupo de terapia y apoyo común, me doy cuenta de que soy la última en acabar la tesis, y parece que he sobrevivido… we made it, people, all of us, it’s oficial!! A Pablo, gracias por ser ese soplo de aire fresco diario que tanto se necesita y, al mismo tiempo, ser esa especie de esqueleto (del lab, de los proyectos…) que te da la seguridad de que los esquemas van a seguir en pie o que nos recuperaremos pase lo que pase. Gracias por enseñarme tanto, por ayudarme siempre a sobrepasar mis límites, por subirme la autoestima, por ser un ejemplo e inspirarme tanto; por la creatividad compartida en la industria cinematográfica de Brainvitge, por todas las frikadas que casi nadie más entiende, por los momentos geniales y divertidos que hemos compartido y por todos los que nos quedan por compartir!! Me encanta mirar al futuro y pensar en ese 2022, porque es la excusa perfecta 6 para seguir en contacto y reunirnos y, sobre todo, echarnos unas risas juntos, independientemente de quién gane la apuesta! Love you, man! So say we all! A Marta, per la teva paciència, pels teus consells i aquesta claredat mental que sempre recomforta, per la teva comprensió. Gràcies per recordar-me lo màgic i important que és treballar amb pacients, per confiar en mí, per fer-me sentir peça fundamental de l’equip des del principi, per la teva motivació i suport constants. Gràcies per ser un gran exemple a seguir i una genial companya! To Clem, for all your wise advices at every level (specially, these last months, thanks for your feedback, ideas, for giving me a second opinion and the option to discuss tons of things, for all your help with the writing…). You’re one of the best individuals I’ve ever met, your originality and creativity, combined with that (kind of dark-ish) sense of humor are ‘patented François-traits’ that I cannot help loving. Thanks for helping me in this process of growing up in so many domains, for inspiring me so much, for becoming one of the brothers I’ve made in this journey; for the music, the fun and the friendship. Don’t forget about our appointment in hell, with cocktails and good music. And remember, si no quieres bailar, pues siéntate! A Jenny, por nuestro doble link “terapéutico” (por nuestro background y por el apoyo moral que creo que nos hemos dado en tantos momentos), por tu comprensión y tu paciencia conmigo, por hacerme ver tantas cosas importantes, por tu manera de ser y de trabajar (tu esfuerzo, tu eficiencia) que parece salida de una peli de James Bond: puedes estar a punto del colapso pero no tienes ‘ni un mechón de pelo fuera de su sitio’, eres todo un ejemplo a seguir de cómo trabajar de manera organizada y eficiente, desprendiendo al mismo tiempo toda tu pasión por el trabajo que haces. Respect! A Asia, por tu inocencia con corazón de metal, por traer tu humor, tu originalidad y tu sonrisota a nuestro despacho, por todos esos divertidos momentos en los que habría deseado entender polaco porque tu cara me decía claramente que debería haber entendido lo que me decías. No pierdas nunca ese super corazón que tienes, porque ilumina todo lo que haces y a todos los que están a tu alrededor! A Anna, por ser una guerrera que inspira con cada paso (acelerado y con los ojos casi saliendo de sus órbitas) que da, por ser un ejemplo de cómo la motivación puede mover montañas y de que tod@s podemos conseguir bajar estrellas del cielo si nos esforzamos. Gracias por las conversaciones para arreglar el mundo, por tu ayuda en conceptos lingüísticos, por tu apoyo y por hacerme sentir querida y valorada siempre.
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