DOCSLIB.ORG

High Diversity Bivalve Faunas in the Middle Jurassic of the Southern Baltic Sea Jens Koppka1, I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
High Diversity Bivalve Faunas in the Middle Jurassic of the Southern Baltic Sea Jens Koppka1, I High Diversity Bivalve Faunas in the Middle Jurassic of the Southern Baltic Sea Jens Koppka1, I. Hinz-Schallreuter2 & F.-T. Fürsich3 In the Southern Baltic (Lithuania, southern Latvia, northern Poland, NE-Germany and parts of the Baltic Sea) shallow marine, highly fossilifereous Middle Jurassic strata with uncommonly well-preserved shells are widely distributed but mostly covered by Creteaceous – Quaternary deposits and/or the Baltic Sea. Of the whole region, only the area of Papilė (Popilani, Lithuania) supplies good exposures of marine Middle Jurassic (see e.g. Krenkel 1915, Brinkmann 1924, Grigelis & Norling 1999). These outcrops (see Fig. 1) were studied in detail (bed by bed collection in the jason-, coronatum- and lamberti-Zones) by the first author in 2004. Another important area for bivalve studies is the border region between NW-Poland (Pommerania) and NE-Germany (Vorpommern). Apart from a glacial raft of an Upper Bajocian poorly fossilferous sandstone on the Isle of Gristow (Chrzaszczewska Wyspa near Kamien Pomorski, NW-Poland) Middle Jurassic outcrops are unknown from this region. Therefore, our knowledge about the respective marine Middle Jurassic (Bajoc-Callov) comes from boreholes and a huge amount of glacial erratic boulders (Geschiebe) as well as from few glacial rafts (now poorly exposed or lost). During the glaciation a lot of Jurassic material was eroded from the Pommeranian Swell (see fig. 2) with the erratic boulders (the majority are of Callovian age) now widely distributed in Quaternary deposits of N-Germany and NW-Poland (see Brinkmann 1924, Stoll 1934). They yield numereous extraordinarily well-preserved bivalves and other molluscs, e.g., ammonites which are important for biostratigraphy). Aragonite, colour and ligament preservation (see pl. 1-4) are common among many different lithotypes (e.g., ferrugineus calcareous sandstones, iron oolites, marly limestone nodules, etc.) from the Lower Bajocian to Callovian. Current investigations refer to Fig. 1: Sands and clayey sands of the Lower Callovian (Papilė Formation) and possible connections between extraordinary preservation, lithology and taphonomic-diagenetic processes. Quick sedimentation, high rate of Middle Callovian (Papartinė Formation) in the clay-pit Šaltiškiai, N-Lithuania subsidence and early cementation are probably the main causes for the excellent preservation in many calcareous sandstones of Pommerania. In (near Papile). The glaciotectonically deformed Callovian sands overly red triassic Lithuania nearly perfectly preserved shells occur in weakly or uncemented sands which need another explanation. It might be possible that the clays of the Nemunas-Formation, cl2a = jason-Zone, cl2b = coronatum-Zone. Triassic clays together with the Upper Callovian and Oxfordian claystones in the top closed the system and protected the shells within the sands from dissolution. The frequently observed perfect, Recent-like preservation permits investigations of minute details on bivalve shells. Hinges carefully prepared (by the first author) show all details of the hinge morphology and enable to clarify taxonomic problems, especially in heterodont bivalves (see pl. 2-4). Sometimes, the bivalve shells display interesting microstructures, e.g., the fine striae on the posterior side of Isocyprina and Anisocardia (see tab. 1. fig. 9, 10, 15) or the ultrastructures of various taxa (see cross sections pl. 1, figs. 1, 3, 5, 7). Isolated material from weathered erratic boulders and samples from boreholes of Vorpommern (NE-Germany) enables ontogenetic studies. Well-preserved and isolated prodissoconchs are fairly common in some samples. The bivalve fauna of both Pommerania and Lithuania is highly diverse; after recent investigations of the first author (Koppka 2002, 2004 & unpublished data) more than 160 bivalve species out of approximately 66 genera are known. The diversity maximum occurred in the Middle Callovian (in Pommerania in the Jason-Zone and in Lithuania in the upper Coronatum-Zone). With 19 genera, the infaunal suspension feeding Heterodonta are the major group; typical taxa are Nicaniella, Pressastarte, Tancredia, Protocardia, Anisocardia and Isocyprina. It is noticeable that several species show a strong preference of special environments: small species of Trancredia and Nicaniella (e.g. Nicaniella polita, N. plana and N. morini) and thick shelled species of Pressastarte (Pinguiastarte) are characteristic for high-energy environments (iron-oolites and thin-bedded calcareous sandstones) deposited near-shore. Strongly inflated species of Nicaniella, e.g., Nicaniella (Trautscholdia) cordata and N. (T.) niyayuensis prefer the soft bottom substrate of the clay facies. The deposit feeding Nuculoida are also typical for clay substrates. Anomalodesmata (with 11 genera) are deep-burrowing infaunal siphonate suspensions-feeders and restricted to more stabile, only storm-affected sandy-clayey Fig. 2: Callovian Palaeogeography of Northern and Eastern Europe (from substrates. Such an environment yields the highest bivalve diversity with more than 70 species for Pommerania and > 40 taxa for Lithuania. The Koppka 2002, modified after Grigelis & Norling 1999: plate 12) with the taxonomic work of the originally poorly known fauna is still under progress. As a first result of the investigations which focussed on Callovian working areas: (1) Pommerania (Pommeranian Swell, northern part of the Middle-Polish Anticlinorium), (2) Lithuania, Latvia and the Kurian part of Heterodonta and Anomalodesmata three new genera (Solecurtoidomya, Erratomya & Pseudoquenstedtia) and five new species from Pommeranian the Baltic Sea. Both areas delivered Middle Jurassic glacial erratic boulders to glacial erratic boulders were described (Koppka 2004). N-Germany, with the bulk coming from the Pommeranian part. 1. Order Nuculoida: Family: Nuculidae (Palaeonucula) Family: Nuculanidae (Dacromya, Mesosacella, Nuculana, Nuculoma) 2. Order Mytiloida: Family: Mytiliidae (Modiolus, Inoperna, Lycettia) 3. Order Arcoida: Family: Grammatodonidae (Dicranodonta, Grammatodon) Family: Arcidae Arca (Eonavicula) Family: Limopsidae (Limopsis) 4. Order Pterioida: Family: Inoceramidae (Parinoceramus) Family: Pteriidae (?Pteroperna) Family: Bakevelliidae (Gervillia, Gervillella, Aguilerella) Family: Posidoniidae (Bositra) Family: Isognomonidae (Isognomon) Family: Pinnidae (Pinna) 5. Order Limoida: Family Limidae (Ctenostreon, Plagiostoma, Pseudolimea) 6. Order Ostreoida: Family: Ostreidae (Actinostreon, Exogyra, Nanogyra) Familie: Gryphaeidae (Gryphaea) Family: Plicatulidae (Plicatula) 7. Order Pectinoida: Family: Pectinidae (Camptonectes, Entolium, Radulopecten) Family: Oxytomidae (Meleagrinella, Oxytoma) Familie: Buchiidae (Buchia) Plate 2: 1: Coelopis sp., RV, Lower Callovian, Lentschow (NE-Germany). 2 Trigonastarte sp., RV, M. Family: Anomiidae (Juranomia) Familie: Terquemiidae (Placunopsis) Plate 1: 1-2: Cross section and LV of Nuculoma sp., Upper Bajocian, Pritzier (Vorpommern). 3-4: Trigonia sp. Callovian, Möllenhagen, (NE-Germany). 3: Protocardia (P.) stricklandi (Morris & Lycett, 1853), LV, 3: Cross section showing two different aragonitic shell layers, 4: RV, same erratic boulder as 1; 5-6: Nicaniella Upper Bathonian, Basedow (N-Germany); 4: Corbulomima attenuata (Lycett, 1863), LV, M. Callovian, (N.) cf. pulla (A. Roemer, 1836); 5: Cross section of Nicaniella and other bivalves (e.g., Nuculana, Praesacella, 8. Order Trigonioida: Family: Trigoniidae (Myophorella, Trigonia, Vaugonia) Graßdorf near Leipzig (Saxony, SE-Germany); 5: Nicaniella (Trautscholdia) niyayuensis (Zakharov, Gramma-todon); 6: Lateral and dorsal view of Nicaniella cf. pulla, Upper Bajocian, erratic boulder from Lubin 1970), RV, Upper Callovian (lamberti-Zone) or Lower Oxfordian, Papilė (Lithuania), 6: Tancredia (Lebbin), NW-Poland. 7-8: Camptonectes (C.) auritus (Schlotheim, 1813); 7: Cross section; 8: lateral and internal (Isotancredia) extensa (Lycett, 1850), RV with colour preservation, koenigi-Zone, Lower Callovian, views of a juvenile specimen, erratic boulder, Upper Bajocian, Pritzier (Vorpommern). 9-10: Anisocardia (A.) Superorder Heterodonta Miedzyzdroje (Isle of Wolin, NW-Poland), 7: Corbicellopsis sp., LV, coronatum-Zone, M. Callovian, leporina (Kloeden, 1833); 9: detail of the posterodorsal angle with fine oblique lines crossing the carina and the Papartinė (Lithuania), 8: Tancredia (Corburella) sp., LV, coronatum-Zone, M. Callovian, Papartinė typical radial and concentric ornamentation of Anisocardia, Middle Callovian from Sellin (Isle of Rügen, N- 9. Order Hippuritoida: Familie: Dicerocardiidae (Pseudisocardia) (Lithuania), 9: Solecurtoidomya senftii (Andree, 1860), RV, Greifswalder Oie (Vorpommern, NE- Germany); 10: juvenile specimen with perfect colour preservation, Lower Callovian, from Gusow (Brandenburg, Germany), 10: Anisocardia (?Anisocardia) minima (J. Sowerby, 1812), LV, 10a lateral view, 10b hinge, N-Germany). 11-12: Pleuromya uniformis (J. Sowerby, 1813); 11: RV with colour preservation; 12: detail of the 10. Order Veneroida: Upper Callovian, Lukow (Poland), 11: Anisocardia (Antiquicyprina) bicarinata (Stoll, 1934), 11a RV posteroventral corner schowing the typical shell ornamentation of the species, erratic boulder from Segrahn from Mönchgut (Rügen, Vorpommern), 11b hinge of LV, Göhren (Rügen), both erratic boulders from (Schleswig-Holstein, N-Germany). 13-14: Neocrassina (Neocrassina) ovata (Smith, 1817), complete specimen Family: Corbulidae (Corbulomima) Family: Lucinidae (Mesomiltha, Discomiltha) the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Recent Molluscan Marine Fauna of the Islas Galápagos
    THE FESTIVUS ISSN 0738-9388 A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume XXIX December 4, 1997 Supplement The Recent Molluscan Marine Fauna of the Islas Galapagos Kirstie L. Kaiser Vol. XXIX: Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page i THE RECENT MOLLUSCAN MARINE FAUNA OF THE ISLAS GALApAGOS KIRSTIE L. KAISER Museum Associate, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA 4 December 1997 SiL jo Cover: Adapted from a painting by John Chancellor - H.M.S. Beagle in the Galapagos. “This reproduction is gifi from a Fine Art Limited Edition published by Alexander Gallery Publications Limited, Bristol, England.” Anon, QU Lf a - ‘S” / ^ ^ 1 Vol. XXIX Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 1 DISCUSSION 2 RESULTS 2 Table 1: Deep-Water Species 3 Table 2: Additions to the verified species list of Finet (1994b) 4 Table 3: Species listed as endemic by Finet (1994b) which are no longer restricted to the Galapagos .... 6 Table 4: Summary of annotated checklist of Galapagan mollusks 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 6 LITERATURE CITED 7 APPENDIX 1: ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF GALAPAGAN MOLLUSKS 17 APPENDIX 2: REJECTED SPECIES 47 INDEX TO TAXA 57 Vol. XXIX: Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page 1 THE RECENT MOLLUSCAN MARINE EAUNA OE THE ISLAS GALAPAGOS KIRSTIE L. KAISER' Museum Associate, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA Introduction marine mollusks (Appendix 2). The first list includes The marine mollusks of the Galapagos are of additional earlier citations, recent reported citings, interest to those who study eastern Pacific mollusks, taxonomic changes and confirmations of 31 species particularly because the Archipelago is far enough from previously listed as doubtful.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Ontogeny of Jurassic Bakevelliids and Their Bearing on Bivalve Evolution
    Early ontogeny of Jurassic bakevelliids and their bearing on bivalve evolution NIKOLAUS MALCHUS Malchus, N. 2004. Early ontogeny of Jurassic bakevelliids and their bearing on bivalve evolution. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49 (1): 85–110. Larval and earliest postlarval shells of Jurassic Bakevelliidae are described for the first time and some complementary data are given concerning larval shells of oysters and pinnids. Two new larval shell characters, a posterodorsal outlet and shell septum are described. The outlet is homologous to the posterodorsal notch of oysters and posterodorsal ridge of arcoids. It probably reflects the presence of the soft anatomical character post−anal tuft, which, among Pteriomorphia, was only known from oysters. A shell septum was so far only known from Cassianellidae, Lithiotidae, and the bakevelliid Kobayashites. A review of early ontogenetic shell characters strongly suggests a basal dichotomy within the Pterio− morphia separating taxa with opisthogyrate larval shells, such as most (or all?) Praecardioida, Pinnoida, Pterioida (Bakevelliidae, Cassianellidae, all living Pterioidea), and Ostreoida from all other groups. The Pinnidae appear to be closely related to the Pterioida, and the Bakevelliidae belong to the stem line of the Cassianellidae, Lithiotidae, Pterioidea, and Ostreoidea. The latter two superfamilies comprise a well constrained clade. These interpretations are con− sistent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses based on palaeontological and genetic (18S and 28S mtDNA) data. A more detailed phylogeny is hampered by the fact that many larval shell characters are rather ancient plesiomorphies. Key words: Bivalvia, Pteriomorphia, Bakevelliidae, larval shell, ontogeny, phylogeny. Nikolaus Malchus [[email protected]], Departamento de Geologia/Unitat Paleontologia, Universitat Autòno− ma Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • TREATISE ONLINE Number 48
    TREATISE ONLINE Number 48 Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 31: Illustrated Glossary of the Bivalvia Joseph G. Carter, Peter J. Harries, Nikolaus Malchus, André F. Sartori, Laurie C. Anderson, Rüdiger Bieler, Arthur E. Bogan, Eugene V. Coan, John C. W. Cope, Simon M. Cragg, José R. García-March, Jørgen Hylleberg, Patricia Kelley, Karl Kleemann, Jiří Kříž, Christopher McRoberts, Paula M. Mikkelsen, John Pojeta, Jr., Peter W. Skelton, Ilya Tëmkin, Thomas Yancey, and Alexandra Zieritz 2012 Lawrence, Kansas, USA ISSN 2153-4012 (online) paleo.ku.edu/treatiseonline PART N, REVISED, VOLUME 1, CHAPTER 31: ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY OF THE BIVALVIA JOSEPH G. CARTER,1 PETER J. HARRIES,2 NIKOLAUS MALCHUS,3 ANDRÉ F. SARTORI,4 LAURIE C. ANDERSON,5 RÜDIGER BIELER,6 ARTHUR E. BOGAN,7 EUGENE V. COAN,8 JOHN C. W. COPE,9 SIMON M. CRAgg,10 JOSÉ R. GARCÍA-MARCH,11 JØRGEN HYLLEBERG,12 PATRICIA KELLEY,13 KARL KLEEMAnn,14 JIřÍ KřÍž,15 CHRISTOPHER MCROBERTS,16 PAULA M. MIKKELSEN,17 JOHN POJETA, JR.,18 PETER W. SKELTON,19 ILYA TËMKIN,20 THOMAS YAncEY,21 and ALEXANDRA ZIERITZ22 [1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, [email protected]; 2University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, [email protected], [email protected]; 3Institut Català de Paleontologia (ICP), Catalunya, Spain, [email protected], [email protected]; 4Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 5South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, [email protected]; 6Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 7North
    [Show full text]
  • Fabrizio Marcondes Machado
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA FABRIZIO MARCONDES MACHADO DESVENDANDO A DIVERSIDADE DOS ANOMALODESMATA (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA): UMA ABORDAGEM MORFOLÓGICA E FILOGENÉTICA UNRAVELLING THE DIVERSITY OF ANOMALODESMATA (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA): A MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC APPROACH Campinas 2018 FABRIZIO MARCONDES MACHADO DESVENDANDO A DIVERSIDADE DOS ANOMALODESMATA (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA): UMA ABORDAGEM MORFOLÓGICA E FILOGENÉTICA UNRAVELLING THE DIVERSITY OF ANOMALODESMATA (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA): A MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC APPROACH Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Biologia Animal na área de Biodiversidade Animal. Thesis presented to the Institute of Biology of the University of Campinas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in Animal Biology in the area of Animal Biodiversity. ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELO ALUNO FABRIZIO MARCONDES MACHADO E ORIENTADO PELO PROF. DR. FLÁVIO DIAS PASSOS. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Flávio Dias Passos Campinas 2018 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): CAPES ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-865X Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Biologia Mara Janaina de Oliveira - CRB 8/6972 Machado, Fabrizio Marcondes, 1984- M18d Desvendando a diversidade dos Anomalodesmata (Mollusca: Bivalvia) : uma abordagem morfológica e filogenética / Fabrizio Marcondes Machado. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2018. Orientador: Flávio Dias Passos. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. 1. Bivalve. 2. Microtomografia por raio-X. 3. Filogenia. 4. Anatomia. 5. Molusco. I. Passos, Flávio Dias, 1971-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. III. Título.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalog of Recent and Fossil Molluscan Types in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. I. Caudofoveata
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256082238 Catalog of Recent and Fossil Molluscan Types in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. I. Caudofoveata... Article in Veliger -Berkeley- · January 1990 CITATIONS READS 4 108 3 authors: Paul Valentich-Scott F.G. Hochberg Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 66 PUBLICATIONS 537 CITATIONS 48 PUBLICATIONS 755 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Barry Roth 176 PUBLICATIONS 1,113 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Marine Bivalve Mollusks of Western South America View project Description of new polygyrid land snails from Oregon and California View project Available from: Paul Valentich-Scott Retrieved on: 21 November 2016 THE VELIGER © CMS, Inc., 1990 The Veliger 33(Suppl. 1):1-27 (January 2, 1990) Catalog of Recent and Fossil Molluscan Types in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. I. Caudofoveata, Polyplacophora, Bivalvia, Scaphopoda, and Cephalopoda by PAUL H. SCOTT, F. G. HOCHBERG, AND BARRY ROTH Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol, Santa Barbara, California 93105, USA Abstract. The non-gastropod molluscan types currently housed in the Department of Invertebrate Zoology at the Santa Barbara Museum are listed. Three hundred seventeen type lots are reported, representing 211 recent species and 9 species originally described as fossils. Each type lot recorded includes a complete citation, type locality, and the current type status of the specimens. An author index and alphabetic index are provided.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Checklist of the Marine Macroinvertebrates of Alaska David T
    NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 19 An annotated checklist of the marine macroinvertebrates of Alaska David T. Drumm • Katherine P. Maslenikov Robert Van Syoc • James W. Orr • Robert R. Lauth Duane E. Stevenson • Theodore W. Pietsch November 2016 U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Professional Penny Pritzker Secretary of Commerce National Oceanic Papers NMFS and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. Sullivan Scientific Editor* Administrator Richard Langton National Marine National Marine Fisheries Service Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center Maine Field Station Eileen Sobeck 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 1 Assistant Administrator Orono, Maine 04473 for Fisheries Associate Editor Kathryn Dennis National Marine Fisheries Service Office of Science and Technology Economics and Social Analysis Division 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 178 Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 Managing Editor Shelley Arenas National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Publications Office 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, Washington 98115 Editorial Committee Ann C. Matarese National Marine Fisheries Service James W. Orr National Marine Fisheries Service The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS (ISSN 1931-4590) series is pub- lished by the Scientific Publications Of- *Bruce Mundy (PIFSC) was Scientific Editor during the fice, National Marine Fisheries Service, scientific editing and preparation of this report. NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115. The Secretary of Commerce has The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series carries peer-reviewed, lengthy original determined that the publication of research reports, taxonomic keys, species synopses, flora and fauna studies, and data- this series is necessary in the transac- intensive reports on investigations in fishery science, engineering, and economics. tion of the public business required by law of this Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Nihieiicanjmllseum
    nihieiicanJMllseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 2 206 JANUARY 29, I 965 Classification of the Bivalvia BY NORMAN D. NEWELL' INTRODUCTION The Bivalvia are wholly aquatic benthos that have undergone secondary degeneration from the condition of the ancestral mollusk (possibly, but not certainly, a monoplacophoran-like animal; Yonge, 1953, 1960; Vokes, 1954; Horny, 1960) through the loss of the head and the adoption of a passive mode of life in which feeding is accomplished by the filtering of water or sifting of sediment for particulate organic matter. These adapta- tions have limited the evolutionary potential severely, and most structural changes have followed variations on rather simple themes. The most evi- dent adaptations are involved in the articulation of the valves, defense, anchorage, burrowing, and efficiency in feeding. Habitat preferences are correlated with the availability of food and with chemistry, temperature, agitation and depth of water, and with firmness of the bottom on, or within, which they live. The morphological clues to genetic affinity are few. Consequently, parallel trends are rife, and it is difficult to arrange the class taxonomically in a consistent and logical way that takes known history into account. The problem of classifying the bivalves is further complicated by the fact that critical characters sought in fossil representatives commonly are concealed by rock matrix or are obliterated by the crystallization or disso- lution of the unstable skeletal aragonite. The problem of studying mor- I Curator, Department of Fossil Invertebrates, the American Museum of Natural History; Professor of Geology, Columbia University in the City of New York.
    [Show full text]
  • Molluscs: Bivalvia Laura A
    I Molluscs: Bivalvia Laura A. Brink The bivalves (also known as lamellibranchs or pelecypods) include such groups as the clams, mussels, scallops, and oysters. The class Bivalvia is one of the largest groups of invertebrates on the Pacific Northwest coast, with well over 150 species encompassing nine orders and 42 families (Table 1).Despite the fact that this class of mollusc is well represented in the Pacific Northwest, the larvae of only a few species have been identified and described in the scientific literature. The larvae of only 15 of the more common bivalves are described in this chapter. Six of these are introductions from the East Coast. There has been quite a bit of work aimed at rearing West Coast bivalve larvae in the lab, but this has lead to few larval descriptions. Reproduction and Development Most marine bivalves, like many marine invertebrates, are broadcast spawners (e.g., Crassostrea gigas, Macoma balthica, and Mya arenaria,); the males expel sperm into the seawater while females expel their eggs (Fig. 1).Fertilization of an egg by a sperm occurs within the water column. In some species, fertilization occurs within the female, with the zygotes then text continues on page 134 Fig. I. Generalized life cycle of marine bivalves (not to scale). 130 Identification Guide to Larval Marine Invertebrates ofthe Pacific Northwest Table 1. Species in the class Bivalvia from the Pacific Northwest (local species list from Kozloff, 1996). Species in bold indicate larvae described in this chapter. Order, Family Species Life References for Larval Descriptions History1 Nuculoida Nuculidae Nucula tenuis Acila castrensis FSP Strathmann, 1987; Zardus and Morse, 1998 Nuculanidae Nuculana harnata Nuculana rninuta Nuculana cellutita Yoldiidae Yoldia arnygdalea Yoldia scissurata Yoldia thraciaeforrnis Hutchings and Haedrich, 1984 Yoldia rnyalis Solemyoida Solemyidae Solemya reidi FSP Gustafson and Reid.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the United States National Museum
    A REVIEW OF SOME BIVALVE SHELLS OF THE GROUP ANATINACEA FROM THE WEST COAST OF AMERICA. By William Healey Dall, Curator of Mollushs, United States National Museum. This group of bivalves contains species which are in general very similar, and often possess analogues in different faunal regions which have been confounded under a single specific name. Like most genera, when the specific characters are rigorously analyzed, the species separate into distinct groups arranged geographically in ac- cordance with the general laws governing the distribution of moUusks. Not a single Atlantic species of the temperate regions has so far been found on the Pacific coast of either American continent. Even the species which inhabit the western Arctic Ocean are mostly dis- tinct from those of Greenland and Europe. Family THRACIIDAE. Taking up the Thracia family,- we find that Cyathodonta is a very ancient group and species are found in the Antillean Oligocene. Typical TJiracia seems to have come in in Eocene time. If, as claimed by Zittel, the Triassic Corimya of Agassiz is a Thracia, the group had its inception in the Mesozoic. The earliest name for the latter is Rupicola, Fleuriau de BeUevue, 1802. This name, however, is preoccupied for a genus of birds, dating from 1760. Recluz ^ has described as existing between Thracia and Rupicola anatomical differences in the giUs, foot, and siphon, which, if confirmed, would separate the two groups generically if not more widely. But I am unable from an examination of the literature of the subject to find satisfactory confirmation of these differences, which may have been due in the case of the Recluz specimen to mu- tilation or abnormahty.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleogene Marine Bivalves of the Deep-Water Keasey Formation in Oregon, Part IV: the Anomalodesmatans
    UC Berkeley PaleoBios Title Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, part IV: The anomalodesmatans Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vf3t60q Journal PaleoBios, 31(3) ISSN 0031-0298 Author Hickman, Carole S. Publication Date 2014-12-16 DOI 10.5070/P9313025099 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Peer Reviewed Title: Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, part IV: The anomalodesmatans Journal Issue: PaleoBios, 31(3) Author: Hickman, Carole S., University of California Publication Date: 2014 Permalink: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vf3t60q Acknowledgements: Documentation of the Keasey bivalve fauna would not have been possible without the encouragement of the late Harold Vokes, who generously turned over the specimens and considerable research effort he originally invested in anticipation of publishing monographic treatments of mollusks of the Keasey Formation. For collecting assistance in the field, I am grateful to James C. Hickman and to the following undergraduate students from the 1979 invertebrate paleontology class at the University of Oregon: Janet Baldridge, Les Boyer, Scott Larson, Greg Miles, Gordy Miller, Diane Searcy, Gary Smith, and Barbara Zeller. Digital photography of specimens illustrated in color is the work of UCMP photographer and Associate Dave Strauss, and the exceptional quality of his morphological documentation of specimens is the most important single contribution to this monographic treatment. Micrographs of very small transparent shells were recorded digitally with the Hitachi S-r800 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope at the Biological Scanning Electron Microscope Facility of the University of Hawaii with advice and assistance from Tina Weatherby Carvalho.
    [Show full text]
  • Sepkoski, J.J. 1992. Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families
    MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. Department of the Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 60637 Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology Rodney Watkins, Editor (Reviewer for this paper was P.M. Sheehan) This publication is priced at $25.00 and may be obtained by writing to the Museum Gift Shop, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Orders must also include $3.00 for shipping and handling ($4.00 for foreign destinations) and must be accompanied by money order or check drawn on U.S. bank. Money orders or checks should be made payable to the Milwaukee Public Museum. Wisconsin residents please add 5% sales tax. In addition, a diskette in ASCII format (DOS) containing the data in this publication is priced at $25.00. Diskettes should be ordered from the Geology Section, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Specify 3Y. inch or 5Y. inch diskette size when ordering. Checks or money orders for diskettes should be made payable to "GeologySection, Milwaukee Public Museum," and fees for shipping and handling included as stated above. Profits support the research effort of the GeologySection. ISBN 0-89326-168-8 ©1992Milwaukee Public Museum Sponsored by Milwaukee County Contents Abstract ....... 1 Introduction.. ... 2 Stratigraphic codes. 8 The Compendium 14 Actinopoda.
    [Show full text]
  • Self-Study Report for Academic Program Review Fall 2017
    SELF-STUDY REPORT FOR ACADEMIC PROGRAM REVIEW FALL 2017 Department of Geology & Geophysics at Texas A&M University 3115 TAMU College Station, TX 77843-3115 Web : geoweb.tamu.edu ACADEMIC PROGRAM REVIEW TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF FIGURES......................................................................................III TABLE OF TABLES........................................................................................IV CHARGE TO THE EXTERNAL PEER REVIEW TEAM................................................................................V WELCOME FROM THE DEPARTMENT HEAD......................................................................................VII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE SELF-STUDY REPORT........................................................................IX SCHEDULE OF DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS EXTERNAL REVIEW.......................XI CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO DEGREE PROGRAM................................1 1.1 BRIEF HISTORY OF DEPARTMENT...............................................................................................1 1.2 DEPARTMENT MISSION & GOALS...............................................................................................4 1.3 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE....................................................................................................6 1.4 FACILITIES...................................................................................................................................14 1.5 FINANCES....................................................................................................................................17
    [Show full text]