BRIDGE the GAP Which Exists Between Where We Are NOW and the Goals We Intend to Reach

The mission is to BRIDGE THE GAP which exists between where we are NOW and the goals we intend to reach. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank the Inter-Ministerial Task Force with the Honourable Minister of State, Mrs. Zainab Ahmed as its chair, which created a platform to support GON’s humanitarian response in the North-Eastern region of the country.

My sincere appreciation to the Honourable Minister of State and colleagues at the Ministry of Bud- get and Planning, particularly the Directorate of International Cooperation for their support and under whose auspices the Emergency Coordination Centre convened this event and spearheaded work on the nexus.

I would specifically like to mention the Minister of Foreign Affairs, His Excellency Geoffrey Onyeama and thank him for his guidance.

Genuine gratitude to World Bank Group and Nigeria Country Director Rachid Benmessaoud for the pioneering work on the 9 pilot Humanitarian-Development-Peace Initiatives, the core principles of which underpinned this event, as well as their support for Nigeria and this nationally led endeavour.

On behalf of my countrymen and women, I recognise the support of all the donors and USAID Mis- sion Director Steve Haykin for the critical education side event and viewing of Mu Karanta! Let’s Read! Which helped us to focus in on one of root causes of this crisis.

Heartfelt appreciation to the National Economic Summit Group who were actively involved throughout and who continue to show their support for the ECC and Nigerian leadership of the HDPN process.

Last, but not least I acknowledge the contribution of the INGO Forum, Mr. Eloi Fillion, Head of Del-

PEACE NEXUSPEACE egation Nigeria, ICRC and all those “who go the last mile.” II REPORT WRITTEN BY: Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija Sheilah Moore

CONTRIBUTIONS BY: Cathy Nelson Arkle - Graphics & Design Emergency Coordination Centre Team FOREWoRD

The tagline for the National Conversation on the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus - Be- yond the Immediate NE Humanitarian Crisis was Practical, Deliverable Solutions. A common refrain that resonated with participants throughout the week-long conversation was that this ground-breaking event needed to be the conduit for a new way of working, and not just a new way of talking… I trust that those who were able to join us in June 2018 and those who have continued to co-labour with us since, will agree that we achieved our ambitious aspiration.

High level representation from Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Office of the National Security Adviser, Military Personnel, State Government, International Financial Institu- tions, Donors, Heads of Development Cooperation, United Nations, Private Sector, CSOs, INGOs, NGOS and Community Leaders gathered at the Transcorp Hilton in Abuja to put their heads together to co-create solutions to bridging the HDPN in the context of crisis. We gathered because Nigeria matters - not just to you and me but to the world. We assembled because PEOPLE are paramount - not statistics, not numbers, not the mobilisation of funds - but because of the faces on exhibit around the room and in the photo displays in the gallery walk; because of Tabatha the artist from Chibok whose art was on show wants you to LISTEN to her story as depicted in her creations; because of Fatima, Kashim, and the 80 or so young people, who congregated on Mon- day that week to exchange ideas; because of the children who’s lives’ and futures depend on the conversations that we started that week and will continue into the future; because of Nigeria’s role in regional and global stability.

From the youth event on NEXUS PEACE Monday through the health side event on Tuesday morn- III ing and moving from food assistance to livelihoods and self-reliance on Tuesday af- ternoon, the energy in the room was electric. Wednes- day was another day jam packed with gems. From the CSOs, NGOs and INGOS side event, to the very productive Private Sector Panel. Thursday and Friday saw the culmination of the week’s events with high-level ple- naries with, stocktaking and discussion about a potential way forward utilising a multi- stakeholder accountability framework. Peace and Secu- rity was a cross cutting theme and emerged as a principal concern Security is a neces- Dr. Umar Bindir SSG, Adamawa State Government sary prerequisite for both ac- FOREWoRD continued...

cess to humanitarian assistance and to create a conducive environment sustainable development. Only Nigeria can provide security for her citizens and this is why she must be front and centre of this effort.

It goes without saying that issues around health, food security, shelter, gender and the like are central to sustainable development, humanitarian assistance and peace. However, this report cannot possibly capture all of the contributions or connections made during the national conversation but instead highlights those aspects of the event that distinguished it from any other of its kind and sets out key take-aways, lessons learnt and recommendations.

As with every complex crisis has been some resistance from certain quarters but Nigeria continues to work to ensure that this is a fully inclusive process. The close cooperation achieved in last quarter of 2016 enabled unprecedented scale up and the provision of immediate life-saving assistance to those in need as TOGETHER Nigeria and the world joined forces for humanity. This effort needs to be replicated as we go into return and resettlement phase and we join the call of donors for an upgrade in leadership and action from the UN coordination side to meet urgent and unmet needs. Coordination saves lives and on the other side of that coin, poor management and coordination COSTS lives. One life lost is one too many.

Yes, this entire project is an ambitious undertaking and yes, our vision is bold. Bold we must continue to be for the benefit of the communities we serve from Tounga to Abadam, Machina to Bama and Balge and beyond. PEACE NEXUSPEACE IV Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD III GLOSSARY OF TERMS VI EMERGENCY COORDINATION CENTRE AS THE CRITICAL ENABLER VIII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY X BACKGROUND TO THE NATIONAL CONVERSATION 13 THE PRIMACY OF YOUTH EMPOWERMENT 20 POPULATION EXPLOSION 20 COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM 22 TAKING BACK THE NATIONAL NARRATIVE 22 PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS 23 CREATING AN ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH 24 JOB CREATION 24 EMPLOYMENT AND THE AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN 25 EMPLOYABILITY AND EDUCATION 27 HIGH LEVEL DIALOGUE 28 STOCKTAKE 34 MULTI-STAKEHOLDER ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK (MAF) 34 NEXUS PEACE NATIONAL LEADERSHIP 35 V ACTION AND IMPLEMENTATION 36 DATA 36 PEACE, SECURITY AND VIEWPOINTS FROM AFFECTED COMMUNITIES 37 RECONCILIATION AND REINTEGRATION OF EX-COMBATANTS 37 PARTNERS FOR PEACE 39 RESTORATION OF VICTIMS 39 RETURNS AND RESETTLEMENTS 40 HDPN COMMUNIQUE 41 PROGRESS POST NATIONAL CONVERSATION 44 CONCLUSION 47 APPENDIX 1 – CONFERENCE PROGRAMME 49 APPENDIX 2 – NGO SIDE EVENT JOINT COMMUNIQUE 56 APPENDIX 3 - SIDE EVENTS 58 APPENDIX 3 - LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 64 Glossary of terms

AfDB African Development Bank CHC Chief Humanitarian Coordinator CSO Civil Society Organisation CVE Countering Violent Extremism DFID Department for International Development (United Kingdom) DREP Dialogue, Reconciliation and Peace Centre DRR Deradicalisation, Rehabilitation and Reintegration ECC Emergency Coordination Centre ERGP Economic Recovery and Growth Plan EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations FCT Federal Capital Territory GON Federal Government of Nigeria PEACE NEXUSPEACE HDPI Humanitarian-Development-Peace Initiative (World Bank Group) VI HDPN Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus HCWG Humanitarian Coordination Working Group HMS Honourable Minister of State HNO-HRP Humanitarian Needs Overview – Humanitarian Response Plan IDB Islamic Development Bank IDPs Internally Displaced Peoples IFIs International Financial Institutions IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IMTF Inter-Ministerial Task Force INGO International Non-Governmental Organisation IOM International Organisation for Migration LGA Local Government Area MAF Multi-stakeholder Accountability Framework MDAs Ministries, Departments and Agencies MoBNP Ministry of Budget and National Planning NCWG Nexus Coordination Working Group NE North East (Nigeria) NEIEF North East Intellectual Entrepreneurship Fellowship NEMA The National Emergency Management Agency NESG Nigerian Economic Summit Group Glossary of terms CONTINUED...

NERI North East Regional Initiative NESIF North East Social Innovation Fellowship NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NNRS Nigeria Nexus Resilience Strategy NWoW, The New Way of Working OCHA UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OFDA US Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance OSC Operation Safe Corridor RPBA Recovery and Peace Building Assessment (World Bank Group) SDGs Sustainable Development Goals UN The United Nations UNDP The United Nations Development Programme USAID United States Agency for International Development WB World Bank Group WFP World Food Programme YALI Young African Leadership Initiative PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE VII AS THE CRITICAL ENABLER The Emergency Coordination Centre was set up in September 2016 by Nigerians as a prototype of the New Way of Working (NwoW) epitomising the central principle of “As local as possible; as international as necessary.” Staffed entirely by Nigerians from all regions of the nation, mostly volunteers and young people, it has since then, been the critical enabler for the Nigerian led humanitarian response.

The 24/7 Centre was established with USAID’s Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance providing support for the physical space as the need for urgent scale up of the response to a vast humanitarian crisis became apparent. The ECC was envisaged as a nerve centre for the response to ensure seamless coordination and direct communication between those “in the field” and a central coordination hub.

The ECC continues to serve as the Secretariat for the Inter-Ministerial Task Force and Humanitarian Coordination Working Group serving many members of the Task Force including Departments and Ministries in an interlocutory role. The centre has brought together stakeholders from across the board – from the Nigerian Government, the international community, the diplomatic and donor communities, United Nations and NGOs to coordinate response activities at a central level. This coordination activity has also involved State level NEXUS PEACE authorities and the private sector. Gender, health, education and food security have been IX central themes throughout the response. Recognising the deep root causes of the crisis, from the outset the ECC has adopted a nexus approach taking account of the already ongoing recovery and reconstruction activities and wide-ranging developmental issues.

From the Nigerian Government side, the ECC had sole charge of organising the Oslo Humanitarian Conference for Nigeria and the Lake Chad Region in February 2017. The conference focussed global attention on the unfolding crisis and was successful in resourcing the 2017 HRP. Nigerian leadership of the 2017 and 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview and Humanitarian Response Plans was provided by the ECC, as was oversight of planning and implementation in partnership with the UN family in Nigeria.

The first of its kind, IDP camp installation within the grounds has been used as an educational and advocacy tool enabling visitors to experience first-hand the sort of shelter in IDP camps and host communities.

Saving lives and restoring dignity remain our central focus at the ECC. Through this critical enabler, the Government of Nigeria played an integral in containing the cholera outbreak and working jointly with the international community to avert famine 2017. We would like to thank DFID, EU, USAID and OFDA who have in the past provided support to the ECC. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

High level representation from Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Office of the National Security Adviser, Military Personnel, State Government, the Diplomatic community, International Financial Institutions, Donors, Heads of Development Cooperation, United Nations, Private Sector, CSOs, INGOs, NGOS and Community Leaders all gathered at the Trans- corp Hilton in Abuja over the week 4-8th June 2018 for a National Conversation on the Human- itarian-Development-Peace Nexus - Beyond the Immediate NE Humanitarian Crisis.

For the purposes of the National Conversation on the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus (HDPN), North East Nigeria was utilised as a case study to identify lessons learnt that might be replicable in other contexts. Over the past decade, North-Eastern Nigeria has been marred by violent conflict and untold human suffering. Boko Haram raids and suicide bombings targeting civilian populations have destroyed vital infrastructure, prevented people from accessing essential services and caused widespread trauma, suffering and displacement.1

Humanitarian actors are typically accustomed to operating unilaterally within settings without strong democratic government and institutions in place. Nigeria is forging a new model of nationally led coordination efforts to establish the mechanism required to promote better coherence and coordination of support to recovery and peace consolidation in Nigeria across the HDP Nexus, in line with the national vision and development priorities as set out in the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan.

This landmark event kicked off with thematic side events 4th – 6th June 2018 including

• 4th June am - Youth and Media - Role of youth and media in conflict prevention

PEACE NEXUSPEACE • 5th June am - Health - Humanitarian Development Nexus and Early Health System X Recovery • 5th June pm- Food security - From food assistance to livelihoods and self-reliance

• 6th June am - CSO/NGO/INGO Forum - Towards a common framework, increased coordination and collective outcomes

• 6th June pm - Private Sector Panels - From Aid to Industry - Private Sector Investment as an enabler for the HDPN and Fostering an enabling environment for private sector involvement in HDPN: linkages between development assistance and private sector interventions

The main conference on 7 and 8 June 2018 used NE Nigeria as a case study to undertake a stock take of humanitarian and development programmes, identifying what we are doing well and not so well with an emphasis on planning, coordination and delivery. The event aimed to delineate donors’ involvement in the region and what they are funding, consider current global best practice and embedding the New Way of Working (NWoW) and formulate concrete recommendations to bridge the humanitarian action – sustainable development – peace nodes in the context of crisis. All of these discussions were held with a view to equity of provision and preventing duplication and overlap.

1 Oslo Humanitarian Conference on Nigeria and the Lake Chad Region https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/nigeria/ document/nigeria-emergency-coordination-center-ecc-oslo-humanitarian-conference EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CONTINUED

The primacy of youth empowerment came out strongly during the week long programme, especially significant given the implications of Nigeria’s burgeoning population. The power of positive peer pressure when using social media as a platform to counter violent extremism was put forward and it was evident that young Nigerians have an appetite to take back the national narrative.

In the context of dwindling global resources, Private Sector Partnerships as part of a multi-sectoral response to both humanitarian assistance and achieving Sustainable Development Goals2, was seen to be critical by the convocation. Output from the Private Sector Panel session and other discussions over the week coalesced around certain themes including creating an enabling environment for economic growth, job creation, employment and the agriculture value chain, employability and education.

The Stocktake emphasised the importance of national leadership in the HDPN space, the establishment of a multi-stakeholder accountability framework to bring greater coordination and cohesion to the efforts of the collective and the urgency of action and implementation informed by reliable data.

Peace and Security was a cross cutting theme and emerged as a principal concern across the board, especially from the viewpoint of affected communities. Given the commonalities emerg- NEXUS PEACE ing out of the Peace and Security Panel and the Viewpoint from Affected Communities Panel, XI lessons learnt from those two sessions are integrated in this report. Principal concerns emerged being around reconciliation/reintegration of combatants, restoration of victims and returns. Partners for Peace Our offered a good example of and asset based approach to peace building.

The HDPN Communique towards the end of this report properly documents outcomes from the National Conversation that enjoy widespread support and are replicable going forward. Key aspects include strong leadership from Nigeria in the HDPN space, wide ranging, high-level agreement that adoption of the HDPN approach is absolutely critical across sectors and at all levels both operational and strategic and will form the foundation for any multi-year strategy going forward for both humanitarian and development actors in Nigeria. The government will take the lead in providing a road map for what has since become known as the Nigeria Nexus Resilience Strategy (NNRS). The convocation agreed to reconvene in six month’s time to evaluate what has been done as a result of this national conversation. In terms of resourcing, private sector commitment is critical. Increased funding windows for those in high risk settings thorough the Word Banks IDA 18 was announced as was $102 million in new support from the USA.

Ultimately, the convocation agreed that TOGETHER, LET’S BUILD BACK BETTER.

2 in line with SDG 17, which calls for improving the “means of implementation” by “strengthening the global partnership” Overcoming poverty is not a task of charity it is an ACT OF JUSTICE

Like Slavery and Apartheid, poverty is not natural IT IS MAN-MADE AND IT CAN BE OVERCOME and eradicated by the actions of human beings

Sometimes it falls on a generation to be great YOU can BE that GREAT generation

Let your GREATNESS BLOSSOM

- NELSON MANDELA

In many ways, Nigeria is unique in its progress towards bridging the Humanitarian-Develop- ment-Peace Nexus. Although not one of the 9 official World Bank Humanitarian-Development- Peace Initiative pilots, Nigeria is a forerunner of nationally owned and led efforts to address the Humanitarian-Development-Peace (HDP) aspects of a multi-faceted crisis such as in North East Nigeria. It is crucial to acknowledge that a “one-size-fits-all” approach to HDPN is not appropriate as each nexus will be unique given the context in which it occurs. In Nigeria, peace and security is indivisible from humanitarian aid and development. In no way can “peace” be an ad- dendum to the conversation as peace and security, in fact, undergird the entire endeavour. For that reason, peace building and security featured prominently during this formative event.

Nigeria as a whole is rich in human capital, cultural diversity, entrepreneurial spirit and boasts a world class entertainment industry. However, in recent years, parts of the country have been beset by armed conflict, humanitarian crisis and developmental challenges. North-Eastern Ni- geria and parts of Niger, Chad and Cameroon in and around the Lake Chad Region has been marred by violent conflict and untold human suffering. Boko Haram raids and suicide bombings NEXUS PEACE targeting civilian populations have destroyed vital infrastructure, prevented people from ac- 13 cessing essential services and caused widespread trauma, suffering and displacement3. For the purposes of the National Conversation, the focus is on the Northeast as a case study, but this in no way minimises the story of dire distress in other parts of the country ravaged by violent conflict and atrocities inflicted by armed militias such as across the South South and in the Niger Delta in particular; between farmers and herders in the Middle Belt and in the North West.

Nonetheless, as early as March 2016 it was clear that a humanitarian crisis was looming in Borno as a result of the insurgency and this became the subject of the Rebuild Borno event held on 19th April 2016.4 Even as the extent of the humanitarian crisis became apparent, responders grappled with balancing the needs of the response with sustainable development for example Water and Sanitation Hygiene, education, health infrastructure as well as women, peace and security. “Humanitarian needs are acute but unless sustainable development is progressed there is no way to escape the vicious cycle of crisis after crisis. The Sustainable Development Goals/ Global Goals framework presents a once-in-a lifetime opportunity to accelerate development in areas that have lagged behind by harnessing synergies from a wider ranging partnership.”5 Much work was ongoing behind the scenes with local and international donor agencies to forge such a partnership leading up to the Emergency Roundtable on 27th June 2016.6

3 Oslo Humanitarian Conference on Nigeria and the Lake Chad Region https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/ operations/nigeria/document/nigeria-emergency-coordination-center-ecc-oslo-humanitarian-conference 4 Rebuild Borno Report, 2016 which can be viewed on http://www.aoa.global 5 Rebuild Borno Report, 2016 which can be viewed on http://www.aoa.global 6 Emergency Roundtable Report on Humanitarian Crisis in Borno which can be viewed on http://www.aoa.global BACKGROUND CONTINUED...

Over the course of the ensuing year, momentum built rapidly for a response that was Nigeria “owned and led.” Under the auspices of the Ministry of Budget and National Planning (MoBNP), the establishment of the Inter-Ministerial Task Force (IMTF) with the Honourable Minister of State, Mrs. Zainab Ahmed as its chair, created a platform to support GON’s humanitarian response in the north-eastern region of the country which was widely welcomed. In the last quar- tile of 2016, coordinated plans relating to the 2016 Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) were developed and the platform for ensuring the 2017 HRP was supported and aligned with the GON humanitarian and development strategies,7 was secured.

Even as the response to the humanitarian crisis was ramped up, an understanding of the need to support stabilisation and longer-term recovery, resilience and development was very much in evidence at the 24/7 Emergency Coordination Centre towards the end of 2016. The Nigeria led response attempted to straddle the humanitarian-development divide from the beginning and, although imperfect in its implementation, there are valuable lessons to be learnt. One

PEACE NEXUSPEACE such lesson was the centrality of security and peace to navigating the nexus, a precursor to this Nigeria-led National Conversation. 14 The Oslo Humanitarian Conference for Nigeria and the Lake Chad Region in February 2017 focused global attention on the unfolding crisis and was successful in resourcing the 2017 HRP. Following on from the Oslo Conference, rising awareness of the importance of spanning the interregnum between humanitarian assistance and longer-term development action in the region, resulted in the Berlin Stabilisation meeting in September 2017. This technical level dialogue between all four affected states highlighted the importance of stabilisation and regional coordination.

The intention to convene a National Conversation was first announced by HMS Mrs. Zainab Ahmed at the high-level Humanitarian Coordination Working Group (HCWG) in November 2017 after the headline figures for the Nigerian Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) became available. Planning for the National Conversation ran parallel to the preparations for the official launch of the Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) for 2018. The HRP launch took place early February at a series of high-profile events at the Sheraton Conference Centre in Abuja led by Dr. Alakija, Nigeria’s Chief Humanitarian Coordinator (CHC) and the ECC, under the auspices of the Ministry of Budget and National Planning in close collaboration with UNOCHA.

The disproportionate burden on girls and nursing mothers in humanitarian crises was highlighted in the HRP process and the need for consideration of gender dimensions and protection against gender-based violence considered important themes. As stipulated in the HRP, the Gov- ernment of Nigeria is focused on three key priorities, the first of which is Protection and

7 World Banks Recovery and Peace Building Assessment BACKGROUND CONTINUED...

Gender in line with the commitment to international humanitarian law addressing the protection needs of the 7.7million affected (Women, Men, Boys, and Girls) on the basis of need, as well as restoring their human rights. Implementation of the Call to Action for Protection and Gender-Based Violence in Emergencies8 is a pivotal point and a critical foundation for stability and solutions in affected areas.

Following the launch, it was possible to focus on preparing for the Nigeria Led National Conver- sation “Beyond the immediate NE Humanitarian Crisis” linking the HRP with national development priorities as articulated in the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP).

A series of frequent strategic planning meetings took place with key stakeholders from both sides of the humanitarian – development divide. In some senses the process has become the intervention as planning for the National Conversation facilitated a meeting of minds about the need for close collaboration and cooperation in bridging the humanitarian-development- peace nexus. The National Conversation continued this process with a view to formulating concrete ideas and recommendations about the way forward including establishment of a multi- stakeholder accountability framework bringing greater coordination and cohesion to the efforts of GON, bi-laterals, international financial institutions, United Nations, CSOs/NGOs/INGOs and private sector in the context of complex crisis. Looking for practical, deliverable solutions with a demonstrable impact on the ground the national conversation included those from affected communities so that future interventions are not imposed from above but have been co-created with the communities they are intended to serve. Key Objectives and Components

Humanitarian actors are typically accustomed to operating unilaterally within settings without NEXUS PEACE strong democratic government and institutions in place. Nigeria is forging a new model of na- 15 tionally led coordination efforts to establish the mechanism required to promote better coherence and coordination of support to recovery and peace consolidation in Nigeria across the HDP Nexus in line with the national vision and development priorities as set out in the ERGP. Building on the core principles of the World Bank’s Humanitarian-Development-Peace Initiative principles, the National Conversation was a week-long programme of related events intended to capture the multi-faceted complexities of the task at hand.

This landmark event kicked off with thematic side events 4th – 6th June 2018 including

• 4th June am - Youth and Media - Role of youth and media in conflict prevention

• 5th June am - Health - Humanitarian Development Nexus and Early Health System Recovery

• 5th June pm- Food security - From food assistance to livelihoods and self-reliance

• 6th June am - CSO/NGO/INGO Forum - Towards a common framework, increased coordination and collective outcomes

• 6th June pm - Private Sector Panels - From Aid to Industry - Private Sector Investment as an enabler for the HDPN and Fostering an enabling environment for private sector involvement in HDPN: linkages between development assistance and private sector interventions

8 https://reliefweb.int/report/world/call-action-protection-gender-based-violence-emergencies-0 PEACE NEXUSPEACE 16 BACKGROUND CONTINUED...

Cross cutting themes the side events considered included:

• Delivery mechanisms and institutional linkages

• Strengthening governance and accountability

• Cooperation, collaboration and convergence

• Beneficiary targeting

• Monitoring and evaluation

• Attracting financial support/private sector investment

• Women, peace and security

Key findings and recommendations from the side events were presented to the main conference by a special rapporteur.

An audio-visual display Mu Karanta! Let’s Read! USAID Northern Education Initiative Plus Films gave a unique insight into education on the ground.

Paintings by programme beneficiaries, photo exhibitions and documentary viewings brought the subject to life and visual reality into the conversation.

The main conference on 7 and 8 June 2018 used NE Nigeria as a case study to undertake a stock take of humanitarian and development programmes, identifying what we are doing well and not so well with an emphasis on planning, coordination and delivery. The event aimed to delineate donors’ involvement in the region and what they are funding, consider current global NEXUS PEACE best practice and embedding the New Way of Working (NWoW) and formulate concrete rec- 17 ommendations to bridge the humanitarian action – sustainable development – peace nodes in the context of crisis. All of these discussions were held with a view to equity of provision and preventing duplication and overlap. PEACE NEXUSPEACE 18 PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 19 THE PRIMACY OF YOUTH EMPOWERMENT

POPULATION EXPLOSION

Nigeria is on the verge of an unprecedented population explosion. The current population of 180 million is expected to more than double again by 2050, surpassing that of the USA.9 Nigeria’s population distribution is also particularly noteworthy with just shy of 83% in the 0-14 age bracket and thus before working age. 12% are currently of working age and 5% after working age of 65+.10 This means that “with a median age of fourteen years old, Nigeria’s population of 180 million people will require an estimated forty million new jobs by 2030 to absorb new labour market entrants.”11 The potential implications of Nigeria’s burgeoning population (reaping a demographic dividend or demographic disaster) bring sharply into focus the increasing importance of the critical linkage between education and employment. Early education, youth empowerment, life and livelihood skills relevant to the requirements of the current job market promote social inclusion, peace and security and help to protect against violent extremism. Conversely, neglecting the proper development of young people is to inadvertently raise a “massive, redundant, counter-productive and rebellious population. This is neither good for the general growth and development … nor for internal security.”12 PEACE NEXUSPEACE 20

www.livepopulation.com/country/nigeria

9 David Pilling, Financial Times, Africa cannot count on a demographic dividend, 16 August 2018 10 https://www.livepopulation.com/country/nigeria.html accessed 10 September 2018 11 World Bank, More, and More Productive Jobs for Nigeria: a Profile of Work and Workers, Washington, DC, (2015). 12 http://businessdayonline.com/2013/09/profitably-employing-nigerias-youth-bulge/ accessed 9 January 2014 THE PRIMACY OF YOUTH EMPOWERMENT CONTINUED...

WE NEED TO FIX EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, HEALTH CARE, POWER ETC. IF WE DON’T FIX THESE THINGS, WE WILL ALWAYS HAVE MILITANCY. - Ms. Julia Ideh On the first day of the national conversation, Monday 4th June 2018, 60 or so young people - entrepreneurs, employers, social activists and leaders - assembled to make their contribution to socially innovative strategies to tackle the challenges of our times. Peace, security and countering violent extremism were central to this side event featuring a panel discussion with representatives from the Young African Lead- ership Initiative (YALI), Abuja Global Shapers, North East Intellectual Entrepreneurship Fel- lowship (NEIEF), North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) and a screening of two short videos depicting the impact young people have already made in the NE. A second session featured a presentation by three young photographers from NE of Nigeria who were involved in a social media campaign on countering violent extremism with the topic “Photography as a PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE counter narrative.” 21 THE PRIMACY OF YOUTH EMPOWERMENT

countering violent extremism Conversations centred around the potential of positive role peer pressure to counter radical extremism with social media, for example, #NotAnotherNigerian, providing a platform to create a progressive counter-culture. Ignorance, inequality and intolerance were seen as root causes of conflict. Participants praised training they had undertaken which had helped to develop critical thinking and deductive reasoning which they were using to assist local communities in overcoming divisive tendencies. There was a strong sense of comradery evident, with young people from very different communities across the country expressing a real sense of national ownership of the challenges facing the North East. In the words of one panellist “Nigeria is one, regardless of where you came from.”

TAKING BACK THE NATIONAL NARRATIVE

It was evident that young Nigerians have an appetite to take back the national narrative. “Most things we see about Africa are diseases and crisis. We are mostly tainted in a bad way by the media and if we rely on them, our positive side will never be portrayed” said Fati Abubakar. Young people expressed their desire to see a restoration of Nigerian pride and to re-count untold stories from communities in the North, “to show the world that there is more to the North than just crisis.” The passion of the young people present that day was palpable – a passion that propels them to continue to speak out despite threats from extremist groups.

Photography in particular was heralded as an effective counter balance to the negative im- age portrayed by the media, “I took pictures of the mosque as a symbol of unity and religious

PEACE NEXUSPEACE tolerance in the north, pictures of children playing football and market women, carrying their 22 merchandise” explained Mohammed Umar. Commenting on community cohesion he added that “reintegration [of previous combatants] is very important because if we don’t accept these people, they might go back to those crimes. The youths should be more involved in these activities, our elders cannot speak for us anymore, and our voices should be heard.”

Key points made during the session include:

• Photography is a powerful medium for story telling

• Youth from the NE have a responsibility to tell their stories

• NE is not all about Boko Haram, there are real people living their lives

• People in the NE have resilience after insurgency and life continues to go on

• Photographs can counter the narratives spread by extremist groups

“If we don’t tell these stories ourselves, the world will

tell them for us. As young people, this is also your fight

- do not allow anyone to use you against your country.”

- Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun Alakija Private Sector Partnerships

The global business community is becoming increasingly aware that it has a significant contribution to make to a multi-sectoral response to both humanitarian assistance and achieving Sus- tainable Development Goals.13 In the context of dwindling global resources, new and innovative approaches to partnership between the private and public sector are an essential prerequisite to achieving the vision of a sustainable development in a more peaceful and prosperous world while ensuring that “no one is left behind.”

Public-Private Partnerships went some way to securing private sector involvement with public undertakings. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that we now need a wider concep- tualisation of private sector partnership opportunities. Envisioning a better future for Nigeria’s disenfranchised young people points to the need for new approaches and harnessing wider ranging partnerships to achieve this preferable future. CEO of the Nigeria Economic Summit Group, which has a longstanding history of involvement at various points along the humanitarian-development-peace nexus, stated emphatically that in Nigeria the “private sector is com- mitted to doing our part.”

An emphasis on social responsibility and being cognisant of the double bottom line is laud- able and certainly to be encouraged. Nonetheless, the argument for private sector involvement does not rely on a keen sense of altruism. It is within the sector’s best interests to play its part as without sustainable development there is no future for commerce, for business or for industrialisation. Investing in development is not only the moral thing to do but the business savvy thing to do as well.

“The challenge for the private sector is to move towards inclusive and sustainable business models - thus going beyond the concept of philanthropy and voluntary corporate social re- PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE sponsibility - without undermining profitability. Within businesses themselves, solutions lie in innovation, new business models, and the right leadership.”14 23

Private sector perspectives were woven throughout the week-long national conversation but brought into particular focus by a Private Sector Panel on the evening of 6 June 2018 featuring:

• Mr. Olumide Okunola, Senior Health Specialist, World Bank (moderator)

• Mr. Rachid Benmessaoud, World Bank Country Director, Nigeria

• Ambassador Stuart Symington, United States

• Mr. Monday Ewans, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN)

• Mr. Akin Oyebode, Executive Secretary, Lagos State Employment Trust Fund (LSETF)

• Mr. Laoye Jaiyeola, Chief Executive Officer, Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG)

• Mr. Earl Gast, Executive Vice President, Creative Associates International

• Mr. Tonye Cole, MD Sahara Energy

• Mr. Ayaz Parvez, World Bank

13 in line with SDG 17, which calls for improving the “means of implementation” by “strengthening the global partnership” 14 http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/blog/2015/5/7/What-role-for-the-private-sector-in-financing-the-new- sustainable-development-agenda-.html Private Sector Partnerships CONTINUED...

Key themes from the panel discussion and the broader national conversation include: Creating an enabling environment for economic growth

Partnership with the private sector for economic growth is a “key to his administration’s plan for economic recovery and growth” according to President Muhammadu Buhari. The President has said the key to modern economic growth and development is in the hands of the private sector, and that government is desirous of providing the enabling environment for investments to thrive.15

Nonetheless, according to the World Bank Ease of Doing Business ranking for 2018, Nigeria is placed at 145th position out of 190 countries, with the nation moving up by 24 points from the 169th position on the 2017 ranking.16

The Federal Government has said Nigeria will improve its ranking by 45 places in the World Bank Ease of Doing Business Index in the next two years to achieve its goal of attaining the top 100 by 2020.17 It is critical that the GON make good on its promise to encourage an enabling environment for private sector investment and facilitate the conditions in which business can start, grow and thrive. Particular areas highlighted:

• Peace and Security emerged as cross cutting themes throughout the week being highlighted in each and every session including the private sector panel. As Mr. Monday Ewans underscored, “the North East is a fertile ground for business” but peace is a precondition to increasing private sector investment in areas of instability.

PEACE NEXUSPEACE • As MD of Sahara Energy, Mr. Tonye Cole pointed out, there were businesses prepared to 24 take the higher risks associated with investing in areas like the North East, but more could be done to incentivize investment in recognition of the level of risk taken.

• Mrs. Ify Malo spoke to the importance of renewable energy to bring electricity and build infrastructure in the North East not only to support economic activity but also to support the voluntary return of displaced communities.

• CEO of the NESG underscored the importance of centralised coordination and the need to transcend silos in order to foster greater collaboration.

• The criticality of consistent and effective economic policy despite considerations of political tenure was emphasised as was the urgency of translating discussion into action. Job creation

The Nigerian economy has experienced significant economic growth over the last decade, but the pattern of growth has been uneven and not socially inclusive. Only 15 percent of the labor force (9 out of 87 million) is employed in a wage work occupation (as their main occupation). This is a markedly different profile to other lower- middle income countries. Only a relatively small percentage of the population is employed in the formal private sector (6.7%) and public

15 https://allafrica.com/stories/201802270168.html accessed 09.09.2018 16 World Bank, Doing Business 2018, Reforming to create jobs, Economy Profile Nigeria, Washington, DC, (2018) 17 https://punchng.com/ease-of-doing-business-index-nigeriall-climb-45-places-says-fg/ accessed 9.09.2018 Private Sector Partnerships CONTINUED...

sector employment (8.3%) is in decline. The General Household Survey results suggest that more than 70 percent of the Nigerian labor force is self-employed or in agriculture. Approxi- mately 35 percent works in agriculture—self-employed or for private and/or public farms — and more than 40 percent is engaged in a non-farm household enterprise (NFE).18

“With a median age of fourteen years old, Nigeria’s population of 180 million people will require an estimated forty million new jobs by 2030 to absorb new labor market entrants.19 While explicit unemployment in Nigeria—by the ILO definition—appears to be well under 10 percent, low-productivity jobs in agriculture and services currently account for the majority of employment. The government, therefore, considers the shortage of productive jobs to be the most important current challenge in the country.” 20

Various aspects of job creation were considered, and panellists drew attention to the National Enterprise Development Programme (NEDEP) in facilitating access to affordable finance and the innovative Collateral Registry which assists SMEs to secure loans for their businesses. Earl Gast spoke to the rise of Fintech and the impact on business growth.

The Lagos State Employment Trust Fund which provides financial support to residents of Lagos State, for job, wealth creation and to tackle unemployment drew significant interest from the floor. Lessons learnt from their experience might well be replicable and scalable in other parts of the country and potential opportunities for ongoing collaboration were explored in the mar- gins of the national conversation. PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 25

Employment and the Agricultural Value Chain

Throughout the week there was extensive discussion about the role of unemployment in the rise of militancy and communal tensions. Entry points along the agricultural value chain, from farm to market to export, were seen as providing opportunities to secure several social im-

18 World Bank, An assessment of the investment climate in Nigeria - The Challenges of Nigeria’s Private Sector Washington, DC, (2016) 19 World Bank, More, and More Productive Jobs for Nigeria: a Profile of Work and Workers, Washington, DC, (2015). 20 World Bank, An assessment of the investment climate in Nigeria - The Challenges of Nigeria’s Private Sector Washington, DC, (2016) Private Sector Partnerships CONTINUED...

pacts at once by engaging young people in gainful employment, promoting economic development, helping to protect against violent extremism, promoting gender equity and improving food security. Mr. Tunji Idowu brought lessons learnt in the Niger Delta to bear on the discussion. He expounded on the nexus between economic and human development and the potential of the agricultural sector to support both.

Mr. Laoye Jaiyeola, Chief Executive Offi- cer, NESG commented that even in crisis there are opportunities and pointed to the prospects presented by large tracts of arable land in the North East. A contribu- tor suggested that a reduction in the cost of agricultural tools, would be one way to encourage people into agricultural pro- duction.

I HAVE BENEFITTED FROM THE IITA TRAINING, I AM NOW GAINFULLY EM-

PEACE NEXUSPEACE PLOYED AND ALSO AN EMPLOYER OF LABOUR. SOME OF OUR CHALLENGES 26 ARE POOR POWER AND LACK OF EQUIPMENT, WE ARE HOPING THAT THE DE- VELOPMENT SECTOR WILL HELP WITH SOLUTIONS TO THESE CHALLENGES. - MRS. ZAINAB YALMA Private Sector Partnerships CONTINUED...

Employability and Education

No discussion of job creation would be complete without recognition of the potential implications of Nigeria’s burgeoning population (reaping a demographic dividend or demographic disaster) and the increasing importance placed on the critical linkage between education and employment. A significant proportion of the nation’s workforce is negatively affected by vary- ing degrees of unemployability and skills mismatch with the requirements of the job market. Early education, youth programming, life and livelihood skills relevant to the requirements of

the current job market promote social inclusion, peace and security and help to protect against NEXUS PEACE violent extremism. 27 High Level Dialogue

Employability and Education

The National Conversation was honoured to have many dignitaries present with high level representation from Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Office of the National Se- curity Adviser, Military personnel, State Government, the Diplomatic Community, International Financial Institutions, Donors, Heads of Development Cooperation, United Nations, Private Sec- tor, CSOs, INGOs, NGOS and Community Leaders. Ambassadors present included those from the UK, USA, Norway, Ireland, Japan, EU, Netherlands and Botswana.

The Honourable Minister of State, Mrs Zainab Ahmed, Ministry of Budget and National Planning provides political leadership from the GON for coordinating the humanitarian response in the North East. In addressing the opening plenary of this auspicious event, HMS Ahmed emphasised that in keeping with the New Ways of Working “as local as possible, as international as necessary,” Nigeria was proud to be leading the way in terms of nationally driven discussions about the HDPN. She explained that this conversation was a progression from discussions at the Oslo Humanitarian Conference for Nigeria and the Lake Chad Region in February 2017 and, from the Nigerian perspective, set the scene for the future. PEACE NEXUSPEACE 28

For the national conversation, HMS Ahmed described how the decision had been taken to use the North East as a case study, including the environmental challenges that have exacerbated unemployment – a situation that the “criminal sect,” Boko Haram, had taken advantage of. She stated that as the emergency phase was, to a large extent, over due to the incredible work of many people and organisations represented in the room, the focus had shifted to recovery and resilience. The GON’s medium term plan prioritises Agriculture, Economic Development, Peace and Resilience activities to help youths, women and children, in particular.

The Minister was at pains to point out that this did not mean the government was neglecting other areas in crisis but that the NE was the subject of the current event. It was essential to High Level Dialogue CONTINUED... PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 29

“THESE ARE VERY CHALLENGING TIMES FOR OUR COUNTRY” – HONORABLE MINISTER ZAINAB AHMED High Level Dialogue CONTINUED...

focus national resources and attention on where the needs are greatest, and, at the current time, that remained in the North East of Nigeria. Learning from the National Conversation would be used to form the foundation of the GON led multi-year strategy going forward for both humanitarian and development actors in Nigeria. PEACE NEXUSPEACE 30

The Minister recognised the significant input from both humanitarian and development actors and extended her thanks to partners for their contributions. Nonetheless, as a stable democracy with a functioning state, Nigeria was taking the lead on humanitarian response and sustainable development and she urged the international community to support Nigeria Led efforts.

Mr. Rachid Benmessaoud, World Bank Country Director, Nigeria spoke to the need to work together to promote equal opportunity for all, especially women and youths. Overcoming conflict is an important factor for the World Bank and so the bank has implemented a new way of working which helps in developing solutions for these crises. Experience around the globe shows that solutions must be context specific, while maintaining an emphasis on security, development and humanitarian assistance. High Level Dialogue CONTINUED... PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 31

The Humanitarian-Development-Peace Initiative (HDPI) is a joint effort by the United Nations and the World Bank Group—two institutions with distinct yet complementary roles—to work together in new ways across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus in countries affected by fragility, conflict and violence. -Mr. Rachid Benmessaoud, World Bank Country Director, Nigeria. High Level Dialogue CONTINUED...

Mr. Mohammed Fall represented the United Nations at the conference and underscored the need to address the root causes of crisis and not just the symptoms. He assured the Honourable Minister that she and the country had the support of the United Nations. Mr. Fall stressed the importance of the current dialogue for developing the blueprint in service, not just in service of Nigerians but the world.

Mr. Abdou Dieng, Regional Director of the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) for West and Central Africa pointed out that there had been huge progress made in the North East over

PEACE NEXUSPEACE the last 2 years. He extended special thanks to the donors who had enabled this to happen.

32 H. E. Jens-Petter Kjemprud, Norwegian Ambassador to Nigeria expressed the support of the Norwegian government for efforts to bridge the humanitarian-development-peace nexus and urged all those present to “work harder and faster” to make the situation does not deteriorate. High Level Dialogue CONTINUED...

Ambassador Stuart Symington, US Ambassador to Nigeria’s stirring remarks, spoke to people, hope and progress as being indicators for this cause. In his view, the temperature of crises all over the world is increasing, and there is an urgent need to integrate our efforts especially in areas like agriculture. “THE NEXUS IS ALL ABOUT A TRANSITION INTO THE FUTURE.” - DEBBIE PALMER, DFID PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE IF WE DON’T ADDRESS THE ROOT OF THESE THINGS, DECADES FROM 33 NOW, WE WILL STILL BE HAVING THESE KINDS OF CONVERSA- TIONS.” - MS. JULIA IDEH STOCKTAKE

There were three stocktake sessions during the national conversation. The first considered development partner’s perspectives; the second views from various corners of Nigeria and the third captured external perspectives from international financial institutions and private sector international development organisations. Output from the respective sessions coalesced around several themes and a thematic approach to reporting back has been taken. Please refer to the programme in appendix 1 for further details on the respective panelists. Multi-stakeholder Accountability Framework (MAF)

A multi-stakeholder accountability framework was the proposal on the table for maintaining a process of engagement across public, private and civil society partners under the leadership of the Federal Government of Nigeria and the State Governments. The MAF is a mechanism for the coordination of ongoing and upcoming program efforts for humanitarian, crisis recovery and stabilisation in the North East of Nigeria. It aims to bring greater coordination and cohesion to the efforts of GON, bi-laterals, international financial institutions, United Nations, CSOs/NGOs/ INGOs and the private sector.

Key Elements of the MAF

• Element A: Maintaining a national consultative forum across All Partners • Element B: Maintaining an integrated and coordinated approach to humanitarian and recovery programming • Element C: Maintaining implementation coordination mechanisms at the Federal, State and Local levels PEACE NEXUSPEACE 34 • Element E: Measuring results jointly to the extent possible Speaking to the need for a mutual accountability framework, panelists stressed the necessity of effective communication and coordination between the various sectors of humanitarian aid and sustainable development and bridging gaps that exist. Mr. Haykin of USAID advised that those working in development, humanitarian aid and peace initiatives “should take advantage of the layering systems and build from there.” Ms. Palmer of DFID came out strongly in support of an integrated approach. In the North East, DFID had been working towards triangulation of support systems considering how the Nigerian military could work with humanitarian actors and local government to ensure assistance reached affected communities effectively. Mr. Cornelis of the EU Delega- tion, added that the EU had been working in the North East since 2014 and since 2016 in collaboration with GIZ, other STOCKTAKE CONTINUED...

NGOs and INGOs to support education in Borno. The EU too was pulling in the same direction to make sure collective efforts are effective while avoiding duplication. In the words of World Bank representatives, “The new way of working is all about the collective outcomes” says Mary Morrison and “convergence,” according to Ayaz Parvez.

Relevant to this discussion (but raised during the NGO side event), Mr. Earl Gast, Executive Vice President, Creative Associates Interna- tional mentioned the differences in the cul- tures of the development and humanitarian sector which would need to be harmonised. Mr. Patrick Fine of FHI 360 had also raised the different timescales that humanitarian and development actors work to, another factor to be considered.

From a national perspective Dr. Umar Bindir, SSG Adamawa State, added that the different levels of the Nigerian government, Federal, State and Local could coordinate better together in the first instance. Fellow participants echoed these sentiments and called for horizontal coordination between various MDAs currently working in “silos” and vertically between the various levels of government. During the breakout session, one group put it this way: “Streamline and simplify existing government coordination structures to coordinate and improve information sharing and communication between local, state and federal level, and propose technical capacity-building support as necessary.” Before achieving this, it was thought it would be necessary

“Map existing coordination structures and networks on all levels; Federal, State, Local Govern- NEXUS PEACE ment level, Community Level, including peace, development and humanitarian.” 35 Heads of Development Cooperation were cognisant of needing to “future proof” interventions by taking a more collaborative approach that exploited synergies and minimised duplication of effort. Given the shrinking aid envelope globally, governments could no longer rely on donors alone and the private sector had a pivotal role to play. According to Patrick Fine of FHI 360 “Blended finance between public and private sectors will be part of the new way of working in the future.” Thus, co-ordination across sectors and actors will be critical.

The key challenge seen to be obstructing the new way of working was a lack of trust.

National Leadership

Ms. Myrta Kaulard of WFP reiterated the importance of national leadership. “For the UN, coordination means working behind the scenes in support of national leadership, providing advice and knowledge.” Ms. Kaulard’s comments echoed those of Mr. Mohammed Fall in a previous session where he had assured the Honourable Minister that she and Nigeria had the support of the United Nations as Nigeria took the lead. Feedback from the breakout sessions specifically called upon “The government to take the lead in providing a road map for addressing context specific vulnerabilities linked with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in particular geographical areas.” HMS Ahmed responded that the outputs and outcomes from the national conversation on the HDPN would form the basis of the GON’s 3-year strategy for humanitarian aid, development, peace and security, planning for which would commence immediately. STOCKTAKE CONTINUED...

NIGERIA IS A PIONEERING COUNTRY - IF IT WORKS HERE THEN IT CAN WORK IN ANY OTHER COUNTRY IN CRISIS. - MR. AYAZ PARVEZ, WORLD BANK Action and Implementation

Throughout the week there were calls for urgent action. Participants were impatient with the pace of change and the propensity to plan in perpetuity but not follow through when it came to implementation of those plans. In the words of Mr. Darius Radcliffe, Country Director Mercy Corps, “The methodology should be much more action oriented. We must get past the era of just talking and actually start acting otherwise the people in need will lose hope in the ongoing recovery and rebuilding efforts.” Data

The importance of reliable data to inform programming was touched upon by many participants during the week’s events. We need to collaborate with the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics to help with data and accurate statistics. Most of us don’t have accurate data and we need the Nigerian Government to assist us by carrying out population census, so we can know what we are dealing with said Hamzat Lawal (Connected Development). Data is been critical not only to analyse the impact of programs, but also to evaluate the resources that will be required in an emergency. At the height of the crisis, the Emergency Coordination Centre in Abuja provided live data streaming, filtered and channelled appropriately to relay information in real time and cascade to responders promptly.

PEACE NEXUSPEACE The National Bureau of Statistics has played a key role in humanitarian response planning since 36 the ECC’s inception in 2016. The Statistician General has been personally involved with his team at every step of the way to ensure that all data generated is verified by the designated government authority. Peace, Security & Viewpoints from Affected Communities

Peace and Security was a cross cutting theme and emerged as a principal concern across the board, especially from the viewpoint of affected communities. Security is a necessary prerequisite for both access to humanitarian assistance and to create a conducive environment sustainable development. According to the 2018 HRP, despite improvements in 2017, humanitarian access to affected people by international actors such as UN agencies and NGOs remains con- strained, especially in Borno state, where three local government areas (lGAs) remain hard to reach and 19 LGAs are only partially accessible21 because of security concerns.

The Humanitarian Country Team estimated that around 85 per cent of the target population (5.2 million people) can be reached with assistance. An estimated 930,000 people remain hard to reach by international humanitarian actors. Threats of attacks by armed groups, ongoing hos- tilities, and restrictions on movements in active conflict zones hinder humanitarian access into remote areas. The lack of safety assurance by nonstate armed groups (NSAGs) for humanitarian operations in locations where Government forces are not present also prevents aid workers from assessing and assisting civilians in certain areas. The presence of explosive remnants of war as well as improvised explosive devices (often placed on roads to attack military convoys) hamper access further still. 22

Similar to the way in which insecurity hampers humanitarian access, so sustainable development is impeded. The impact of the conflict in the North East on education is especially well documented 23 with schools being a particular target of the insurgency.

The National Conversation’s emphasis on the “peace building” aspects of the HDPN was brought into focus with a Peace and Security Panel focusing on Stabilisation and Transition on the morn- ing of the 8 June. Discussants included representatives from the Office of the National Security PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE Adviser, Military Personnel and Community Leaders tackling subjects such as countering violent extremism, deradicalization and Operation Safe Corridor. 37

Given the commonalities emerging out of the Peace and Security Panel and the Viewpoint from Affected Communities Panel, lessons learnt from those two sessions are integrated in this sec- tion of the report. Reconciliation and Reintegration of ex-combatants

General Shafa explained that Operation Safe Corridor is a Federal Government initiative, headed by the armed forces, to rehabilitate and reintegrate “repentant and surrendered” Boko Haram fighters back into normal life in the society. It was formed by 14 government agencies and other humanitarian actors and divided into two groups; security and de-radicalization. The security group comprised the Nigerian Police and other security forces while the second group worked in collaboration with the Nigerian Prison Service. The initiative has 40 de-radicalization special- ists working as well as a number of experts offering vocational training / skill acquisition. NEMA provides relief materials to sustain the camp.

Combatants surrender to “Operation Lafia Dole” and are then rigorously screened to make sure they are not on the wanted list. The armed forces works in partnership with the Federal Ministry

21 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan at https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/nigeria-humanitarian-response-plan- january-december-2018 22 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan at https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/nigeria-humanitarian-response-plan- january-december-2018 23 https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/events/2016-05-26-boko-haram-impacts-on-education-in-north- east-nigeria-meeting-summary.pdf Peace, Security & Viewpoints CONTINUED...

of Health in Gombe state to check ex-combatant’s medical status and biometrics in order to add them to the Nigerian data base. The de-radicalization program lasts for 7 weeks and includes counseling, rehabilitation and family links followed by vocational training of some description. The aim of this process is “to build confidence and create acceptance” for these ex-combatants. OSC also partners with local and international organizations, NGOs, NERI, IOM, UNICEF, USAID, EU and many more. So far, OSC had engaged with 254 surrendered Boko Haram members and in 2 weeks, there would be 150 more. Most have completed the programme but reintegration requires a lot of time. Operation OSC has recommended to the Chief of Army Staff that amnesty be granted to those who have completed the program.

However, in some cases communities were reluctant to accept ex-combatants back into society. As Mr. Christian Ogbonna, Programme Director, Dialogue, Reconciliation and Peace (DREP) “People have asked why we are paying more attention to the perpetrators rather than the victims. They feel that if they (perpetrators) get amnesty, they will repeat the same crimes. Is 4 months really enough to change people who have been violent for so many years? The traditional leaders say, for transitional justice, they do not have the power they used to have anymore. We need to rebuild some of these communities before reintegration.”

One participant commented that “Those being de-radicalized should be closely monitored in order not to create an “elite mentality” among them. From observation, those who are being returned are given a higher status than these residing in those communities, we should be careful otherwise there would be an uprising against the re-settlers. If we want to use international methods, we must make sure they are localized enough to fit into our society.” Panelists refuted that ex-combatants were given preferential treatment and emphasised that rehabilitation centers had minimum standards they were required to meet but these only covered basic PEACE NEXUSPEACE necessities. 38 As Mr. Bonart pointed out it was important to remember that some ex-combatants who have been de-radicalized were also victims, forced to join Boko Haram when their communities were raided. Another panelist added “It is important to distinguish between those who are victims and those who willingly joined the sect. if we don’t accept them back into the society, when they surrender, we might never find peace. Let’s not also forget that accepting them will encourage more of them to surrender.” Peace, Security & Viewpoints CONTINUED...

Partners for Peace

In a previous session, Mr. Tunji Idowu had explained the approach being taken in the Niger Del- ta which offered some valuable insights. He commented that there was also a peace and security group in the Niger Delta “which has been doing an amazing job.” However, “as a non-profit organization we are trying to tap those peace actors in the country rather than focusing on the trouble makers. We identified peace agents like teachers, pastors, Imams and we fostered Network called Partners for Peace with over 6000 members.” Partners for peace was working in conjunction with organizations like USAID and DFID and, in future, wished to extend the sectoral partnership to the include private sector. Partners for Peace offer a more asset based approach rather than a needs based approach which is potentially replicable in the North East.

Restoration of victims

Mr. Yahaya Dankoli spoke to work being undertaken with victims of the insurgency and rehabilitation centers for them under the Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development. “Some of these victims were mentally demoralized but we have both medical doctors and psycholo- gists for these cases. They go through rehabilitation for at least 12 weeks where they are also trained in skill acquisition like soap making and shoe making. However, this is solely based on the needs of the victims. Family tracing is also part of the program, for those who remember their communities and can recognize their family members.” PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 39

In 2018, 316 victims were brought into the center, successfully rehabilitated and reintegrated into the society. However, reintegration of abandoned or unaccompanied children was particularly challenging. Social workers were employed to assist but identifying foster parents was very difficult. “We try to get foster parents for the children especially for toddlers and they are also supported with basic amenities. The State government provided scholarship for over a hundred orphans and the Vice President of Nigeria established a school in Maiduguri, where orphans are granted free education. T HERE WILL BE NO PEACE WITHOUT INCLUSION AND JUSTICE.

- HAJIYA HAMSATU Peace, Security & Viewpoints CONTINUED...

Returns and Resettlements

The Boko Haram insurgency displaced nearly 2.4 million people in the Lake Chad Basin with1.9 million IDPs in North East Nigeria alone. 24 In many cases, local communities were first responders to the crisis, hosting millions who fled the violence and thereby further impoverishing their own households while infrastructure strained and resources groaned under an unbearable burden.25 Coupled with already existing economic hardship in the region, absorbing displaced population further depleted host communities’ limited resources ultimately exhausting their coping mechanisms.26 Now, several years on Internally Displace People (IDPs) have started to return. Mr. Yusuf Mohammed told the meeting that people had started returning back to their communities shortly after the 2015 election. He said that despite the large-scale humanitarian response, to this day the community’s remain in dire need of humanitarian assistance.

Military successes against Boko Haram have resulted in substantial territorial loss for the sect. Many people that were either abducted or forcefully conscripted have since been released or rescued. These former captives or conscripts, as well as the IDPs returning home face not only destroyed properties and lost loved ones but also uncertainty in relationships with their neighbors.

Returnee IDPs have been assured by the army of adequate protection while they resettle. Ac- cording to UNHCR, “The challenges of protecting the displaced are compounded by a dete- riorating security situation as well as socio-economic fragility, with communities in the Sahel region facing chronic poverty, a harsh climate, recurrent epidemics, poor infrastructure and limited access to basic services.” As described by Baba Gana, some communities were not willing to accept IDPs because of severe resource shortages even though the government “has PEACE NEXUSPEACE done a lot.” He warned that “There will be friction when the resources are finished.” 40 Returns continue to be a problematic issue due to security concerns in many hard to reach areas. Protection of civilians is paramount and there is ongoing high-level advocacy to ensure voluntary, informed returns as communities are declared safe. This will require close cooperation and coordination by both civilian and military authorities. The supporting role of the international community is welcomed but trust must be rebuilt with Nigerian authorities.

24 UNHCR http://www.unhcr.org/uk/nigeria-emergency.html 25 Nigeria: 2017 Humanitarian Response Plan (January - December 2017) 26 World Bank RPBA HDPN Communique

This Nigeria led National Conversation on the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus- Beyond the Immediate NE Humanitarian Crisis was the first of its kind, being locally led. In keeping with the New Ways of Working “as local as possible, as international as necessary,” Nigeria is leading the way in terms of nationally driven discussions about the HDPN and calls upon the international community to support the GON in its rightful role.

The landmark event marked the official “kick-off” of operationalising the nexus. Participants heard the Government’s commitment to lead in bridging the HDPN nexus and how one output from this HDPN event will be the foundation for any multi-year strategy going forward for both humanitarian and development actors in Nigeria.

This communique properly documents outcomes from the National Conversation that enjoy NEXUS PEACE widespread support and are replicable going forward. 41 1. Leadership level

a) Strong leadership from Nigeria in the HDPN space will continue.

b) Wide ranging, high-level agreement that adoption of the HDPN approach is absolutely critical across sectors and at all levels both operational and strategic

c) The communique from this HDPN event will be the foundation for any multi-year strategy going forward for both humanitarian and development actors in Nigeria.

d) The government will take the lead in providing a road map for what has since become known as the Nigeria Nexus Resilience Strategy (NNRS).

e) There is a call to adopt the HDPN approach in parts of the country that lag behind other in terms of basic infrastructure and access to services.

f) Platform for regular dialogue is required under the leadership of the GON.

g) Leaders should build trust through delivering quick wins

h) Reconvene in six month’s time and evaluate what has been done as a result of this national conversation. HDPN Communique CONTINUED...

2. Technical level

a) Peace is paramount and security is a precondition for humanitarian aid and sustainable development.

b) Better coordination from government agencies is key to HDPN and clear coordination structures are important for sustainable technical capacity-building to government and local actors.

c) A multi-stakeholder accountability framework will structure coordination between all actors working in the humanitarian-development-peace space.

d) We will leverage learning from other settings both locally, nationally and internationally

e) Mapping, further analysis and reporting are required from the responsible government agencies on development gaps and humanitarian needs in the North East, and would be useful for HDPN stakeholders, as would analysis of the government’s reach through basic services and local administration;

f) Map and raise awareness of existing programmes to promote reconciliation and peace

g) Prioritise creation of economic opportunities for all though job creation and social inclusion as peace building activity.

h) Look at the full spectrum of interventions, i.e. the sequencing between development

PEACE NEXUSPEACE and humanitarian (work on preparedness and resilience, using the lens of fragility to plan/ prioritize) and the sequencing between humanitarian and development (work on lifesaving 42 response and building towards resilience and recovery);

i) Define collective outcomes for stakeholders through both development and humanitarian action and build integration and coordination efforts towards these outcomes.

j) Work to provide reliable live data in emergencies.

3. Grass roots community level

a) Youth have a voice and need to be heard. Harness the power of that influence in developing counter narratives in the battle against violent extremism

b) More organisations should take the time to involve youth in their activities.

c) Youth outside the NE must also be involved tackling CVE issues for the benefit of national unity

d) The media often tells a one-sided story of the NE and people of the NE should be encouraged to tell their own stories

e) Clarify regulatory environment for INGOs as many have one-year temporary registrations which prohibits donors from funding INGOs with multiyear funding HDPN Communique CONTINUED...

f) Including those from affected communities so that interventions are not imposed from above but co-created with the communities they are intended to serve.

4. Resourcing

a) Transparency in the allocation and use of resources from all stakeholders is critical. En- hance accountability, coordination, and transparency from government and humanitarian and development donors on who is funding what, e.g. low reporting by national and institutional humanitarian donors to Financial Tracking Service. This includes timelines, numbers, sectors, etc.;

b) Increased funding windows for those in high risk settings IDA 18

c) $102 million in new support from US announced

d) Building new partnerships with private sector is critical

e) Encourage pursuit of non-traditional donors, such as members of the OIC, to increase injections of funding into north-east;

Nigeria would like to ensure that lessons learned, opportunities generated and gains made are replicated in at least 3 critical areas of the NE, Middle Belt and the South South.

All this had been led, guided and driven by Nigeria. International input will be welcomed to give special advice on lessons learnt in other places. PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE Together, let’s build back better. 43 Progress Post National Conversation

The week following the conversation, the World Bank Group hosted a roundtable in Washington D.C. where the ECC spoke to the recent HDPN event in Abuja, highlighting Nigeria’s leadership in line with the New Way of Working. Nigeria also presented the first nationally led, integrated Humanitarian Development Peace Nexus coordination mechanism involving security forces, the private sector, IFIs, local banks amongst others. The World Bank meeting was followed by a briefing at OFDA Headquarters to bring them up to date. PEACE NEXUSPEACE 44 Progress Post National Conversation CONTINUED...

As agreed would happen at the National Conversation, a platform for regular dialogue was established in the form of a Nexus Co-ordination Working Group (NCWG) comprising actors from across the spectrum of the HDPN space including humanitarian, development and security actors operating at the federal level under the leadership of the Government of Nigeria, UN, international financial institutions, local banks, donors, bi-laterals, private sector contributors as well as CSO/NGOs and INGOs. Similar Nexus Co-ordination Working Groups have been operationalised in Borno State and are in fledgling form in Adamawa. Next on the agenda is adoption of the integrated approach at local government level.

A roadmap for the Nigeria Nexus Resilience Strategy (NNRS) has been developed as promised based on the Communique from the National Conversation. Pillars for the strategy have been identified as Peace and Security, Investing in People, Public Sector Reform and Economic Growth.

The need for reliable data was a message that came through at the National Conversation. A data platform for coordination – a Triage Platform,27 funded by the World Bank has been established and is operational on online hosted on the ECC website. The platform provides information of all ongoing and planned humanitarian and development programs in Nigeria.

The ECC has been rebranded and repositioned in the nexus space as a “think tank” and “idea generating environment” for Nigerians and our international partners alike. This epitomises a true new way of working within an enabling environment demonstrating the World Humanitar- ian Summit’s call for “as local as possible.” Nigeria has shown that there is capacity within to handle crises of this magnitude even while recognising the need for greater capacity building. Developing local talent at the ECC and imbuing young people on team with an understanding PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE of humanitarian and development architecture, enables Nigeria to begin to address not just conflict related crises but also floods, natural disasters etc as they occur. 45

With the population of Africa due to double by 2050,28 29 capacity and skills must be developed from within. This has several advantages; it reduces the financial burden both locally and internationally and also provides immediate first responders at a local level to guard against the 2015/2016 scenario where a massive upscale of international assistance was required with the associated influx of international humanitarian workers and groups. A national response with the requisite in-house capacity negates the need for this in the future and provides immediate life-saving assistance as embedded within national institutions. This capacity is then able to be exported to elsewhere on the African continent and beyond. Humanitarian crises are unfortu- nately here to stay and whilst we address root causes such as burgeoning youth populations; entrenched poverty, lack of education, inclusion and youth disenchantment it is also incumbent upon us to provide immediate solutions on the ground in a bid to safeguard our national interests and national sovereignty.

Whilst the advantages of investing in human capital are clear, historic neglect in this area means there are significant challenges especially in the areas of early education, youth programming, life and livelihood skills relevant to the requirements of the current job market. Nigeria was ranked 114th out of 130 economies in the overall ranking of its Global Human Capital Index for

27 http://emergencycoordination.com/triage 28 https://www.prb.org/2016-world-population-data-sheet/ 29 https://qz.com/africa/1016790/more-than-half-of-the-worlds-population-growth-will-be-in-africa-by-2050/ Progress Post National Conversation CONTINUED...

2017 by the World Economic Forum (WEF). “Nigeria was also placed in the bottom 10 in two of the WEF’s pillars – development (122), and Know-how (124). According to the report, Nigeria, still has plenty of work ahead to do, in order to build a more resilient, future-proof workforce.”30 These needs are particularly acute in North East Nigeria according to the World Bank’s Recovery and Peace Building Assessment.31 As mentioned previously, education, capacity building and skills transfer as part of national leadership of the HDPN process goes some way to addressing this.

Of the 30 fastest growing cities in the world, 21 are African but growth is not inclusive or equi- table.32 Economies are not keeping pace with population growth making conflict and/or crisis more likely. It is essential to address population and economic growth concurrently hence private sector involvement is critical not just to fund crisis response but as a tool of prevention. From the Nigerian side, the participation of the Private Sector has been unparalled to date with the Emergency Coordination Centre now being institutionalised within the Nigerian Economic Summit Group. As agreed at the National Conversation, the convocation would reconvene within 6 months to review progress since June. It has since been agreed that the follow-on meeting will take place as part of the 24th Nigerian Economic Summit in October 2018. “The Nigerian Economic Summit Group organises the Annual Nigerian Economic Summit in partnership with the Federal Government of Nigeria through the Federal Ministry of Budget and National Plan- ning. It has become an annual dialogue and indeed the flagship event of the NESG and Federal Government that has provided a credible and widely recognised platform for top policy makers and corporate leaders.”33 PEACE NEXUSPEACE 46

30 https://guardian.ng/business-services/nigeria-fails-to-tap-human-capital-ranks/ 31 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25791/110424-v1-WP-NorthEastNigeriaRecoveryan dPeaceBuildingAssessmentVolumeIweb-PUBLIC-Volume-1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 32 https://twitter.com/lopesinsights/status/1040696571514380288 33 https://www.opportunitiesforafricans.com/the-nigerian-economic-summit-group-nesg-nes-24-startups-pitching- event-2018/ CONCLUSION

The National Conversation on bridging the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus was a re- sounding success and extremely well attended by representatives at the highest level of government, business, the armed forces, diplomatic, donor and international community. The Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) as convenor showcased the new way of working and demonstrated that things can be achieved as locally as possible with international support and cooperation working hand in hand. This ground-breaking event elicited commitments across the board for greater collaboration and cooperation moving forward. Support in both word and deed was revealed in the announcement by the United States Government of 102M$ in addi- tional funding at the opening plenary of main conference.

Over the course of the week, we learnt that:

• Peace is paramount and security is a precondition for humanitarian aid and sustainable development.

• Our approach needs to be less needs based and more asset based. Partners for Peace offers a good example of such an approach.

• We need to leverage our learning from other settings both locally, nationally and internationally in order to build back better.

• 360 degree holistic coordination at multiple levels is required to harmonise public and private sector activities. A multi-stakeholder accountability framework offers us a way to structure this

• There is no time to waste – an urgency of action is required and the implementation of NEXUS PEACE plans prioritised. 47 • There is an appetite to monitor progress closely and therefore an agreement to reconvene six months hence.

• This integrated approach across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus needs to be a new way of working (not just talking) as local as possible as international as necessary

• That being said, a platform for regular dialogue was required.

The Nigeria-led National Conversation was the first event of its kind, but it won’t be the last. This week created an important political platform to create traction and momentum around the HDPN. This discussion delivered on its intention of instituting a mechanism for sustained dialogue between multiple stakeholders at local, national, regional and international levels bridging the humanitarian-development-peace nexus.

Since the National Conversation on the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus - Beyond the Immediate NE Humanitarian Crisis demonstrable progress has been made. Actions agreed were immediately operationalised and engagement pursued with a wide range of stakeholders at Federal and State level as well as internationally. The week following the conversation, the World Bank Group hosted a roundtable in Washington D.C. where Dr. Alakija spoke to the recent HDPN event in Abuja, highlighting Nigeria’s leadership in line with the New Way of Working.

from across the spectrum of the HDPN space including humanitarian, development and security actors operating at the federal level under the leadership of the Government of Nigeria, UN, international financial institutions, local banks, donors, bi-laterals, private sector contributors as well as CSO/NGOs and INGOs. Similar Nexus Co-ordination Working Groups have been operationalised in Borno State and are in fledgling form in Adamawa. Next on the agenda is adoption of the integrated approach at local government level.

A roadmap for the Nigeria Nexus Resilience Strategy (NNRS) has been developed as promised based on the Communique from the national conversation.

A data platform for coordination – Triage Platform, funded by the World Bank has been established and is operational. The platform provides information of all ongoing and planned humanitarian and development programs in Nigeria.

The ECC has been rebranded and repositioned in the nexus space as a “think tank” and “idea generating environment” for Nigerians and our international partners alike. This epitomises a true new way of working within an enabling environment demonstrating the World Humanitar- ian Summit’s call for “as local as possible.” Nigeria has shown that there is capacity within to handle crises of this magnitude even while recognising the need for greater capacity building. Developing local talent at the ECC and imbuing young people on team with an understanding of humanitarian and development architecture, enables Nigeria to begin to address not just conflict related crises but also floods, natural disasters etc as they occur. Capacity building and skills transfer as part of national leadership of the HDPN process goes some way to addressing the urgent need for the development of human capital.

PEACE NEXUSPEACE The participation of the Private Sector has been unparalled with the Emergency Coordination 48 Centre being repositioned and institutionalised within the Nigerian Economic Summit Group. As agreed at the National Conversation, the convocation would reconvene within 6 months to review progress since June. It has since been agreed that the follow-on meeting will take place as part of the 24th Nigerian Economic Summit in October 2018.

Yes, this entire undertaking has been an ambitious one and continues to be so. Yes, Nigeria’s vision is bold as she takes her place amongst the polity of nations paving the way for national leadership in the HDPN space. Nigeria is determined to keep people at the heart of our collective efforts which is why bold we must continue to be for the benefit of the communities from Tounga to Abadam, Machina to Bama and Balge and beyond. APPENDIX 1 Conference programme SIDE-EVENTS 4TH – 6TH JUNE

4th June am - Youth and Media - Role of youth and media in conflict prevention This side event will focus on the role of Youth and Media in Countering Violent Extremism and consider socially innovative strategies developed by youth to tackle problems in the North East. This session will feature a panel discussion with youth from the Young African Leadership Initiative (YALI), Abuja Global Shapers, North East Intellectual Entrepreneurship Fellowship (NEIEF) and the North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) and a screening of two short videos that show the impact youth have made in the NE. The second session will delve into the topic ‘Photography as a counter narrative’ and will feature a visually rich presentation by three young photographers from the North East of Nigeria who were involved in a social media campaign on countering violent extremism. Media can play a vital role in promoting peace and preventing conflict or alternatively escalating conflict. In this day and age of digital media we must also ask ourselves how the power of social media can be harnessed to prevent conflict. 5th June am - Health - Humanitarian Development Nexus and Early Health System Recovery This event brings government at several levels, development and humanitarian actors, partners and other stakeholders in the health sector together to discuss ways to achieve more effective collaboration between humanitarian and development programming and effective coordination mechanisms using the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) as a collective outcome. 5th June pm- Food security - From food assistance to livelihoods and self-reliance This side event will look at current food security challenges in the crisis affected states of Borno, Yobe, Adamawa and ongoing humanitarian, development interventions by national, local institutions, CSO, private sector, international community. The objective is to highlight opportunities for synergies and alliances that can enhance and accelerate sustainable solutions to the crisis. Participants are invited to attend and contribute ideas and experiences from the concerned areas as well as from NEXUS PEACE other parts of the country. 49 6th June am - CSO/NGO /INGO Forum - Towards a common framework, increased coordination and collective outcomes CSO/NGO /INGOs are often the key delivery partner actually implementing interventions on the ground. This side event will identify synergies, barriers and gaps in the National NGOs and International NGOs on one hand, working together with external stakeholders on the otherto harmonise ideas/work plans. The Forum will make suggestions about a way forward for ensuring coherent coordination across the HDP nexus. 6th June pm – Private Sector Forum - From Aid to Industry - Private Sector Investment as an enabler for the HDPN and Fostering an enabling environment for private sector involvement in HDPN: linkages between development assistance & private sector interventions The private sector has a significant contribution to make to a multi-sectoral response to both humanitarian response, sustainable development and peace. In the context of dwindling aid sector resources, the private sector can — and should — be a driver economic development and prosperity. fact, there will be no sustainable recovery in the NE without a revitalisation of the private sector, the main engine of jobs and other economic opportunities. It is within the sector’s best interests to play its part as without sustainable development there is no future for commerce, for business or for industrialisation. The Nigerian Economic Summit Group are expected to have a prominent voice in this dialogue having gained valuable insights from their experience of humanitarian/private sector interventions. 6th June 7 pm - USAID Northern Education Initiative Plus Films Mu Karanta! Let’s Read! A series of short films capturing education and literacy promotion by communities in Nigeria. PRIVATE SECTOR FORUM 6 JUNE 2018

The private sector has a significant contribution to make to a multi-sectoral response to both humanitarian response, sustainable development and peace. In the context of dwindling aid sector resources, the private sector can — and should — be a driver economic development and prosperity. In fact, there will be no sustainable recovery in the NE without a revitalisation of the private sector, the main engine of jobs and other economic opportunities. It is within the sector’s best interests to play its part as without sustainable development there is no future for commerce, for business or for industrialisation. The Nigerian Economic Summit Group are expected to have a prominent voice in this dialogue having gained valuable insights from their experience of humanitarian/private sector interventions.

Questions to consider include: What would such private-sector recovery require? What support can the national private sector, including the financial and agricultural sectors, provide, including for MSMEs, small-scale agriculture and the informal sector? How can the private sector better strategise and coordinate within itself – as well as with the Federal and State Government, NGOs, INGOs, UN, bilateral and multilateral partners supporting humanitarian, development and peace activities? What opportunities are available for the private sector to participate in ongoing and planned humanitarian, development and peace activities? 2.00 pm – 2.10 pm Opening remarks Private Sector Investment as an enabler for the HDPN 2.10 pm – 3.15 pm From Aid to Industry - Moderator Private Sector Investment Mr. Olumide Okunola, Senior Health as an enabler for the Specialist, World Bank HDPN Discussants Rachid Benmessaoud, World Bank Country Director, Nigeria

PEACE NEXUSPEACE Ms. Yewande Sadiku, Executive Secretary Nigeria Investment, Promotion Commission 50 (NIPC) Ms. Eme Essien Country Director IFC, Mr. Akin Oyebode Executive Secretary Lagos State Employment Trust Fund (LSETF) Mr. Laoye Jaiyeola, Chief Executive Officer, Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG) 3.15 pm – 3.45 pm Coffee

3.45 pm – 5.00 pm Fostering an enabling Moderator environment for private Mr. Tonye Cole, MD Sahara Energy sector involvement in Discussants HDPN: linkages between Mr. Earl Gast, Senior Vice President, Creative development assistance Associates and private sector SSA to President on Power, Rural interventions Electrification Agency Mr. Weibe Boer, Allon – off grid energy Mr. Gossy Ukanwoke, Beni America University Mr. Kola Aina, Co-creation Hub and Ventures Platform

7.00pm Education video viewing USAID Northern Education Initiative Plus Education and literacy Films - Mu Karanta! Let’s Read! promotion by communities in northern Nigeria Main Conference Programme 7 JUNE 2018

9.00 am – 9.30 am Arrival, registration & taking of seats 9.30 am – 9.35 am Welcome Mr. Samuel Olajide Odewale, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Budget and National Planning 9.35 am – 9.45 am Introduction to National Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija Conversation and multi- Humanitarian-Development-Peace stakeholder accountability Nexus Coordinator frameworks 9.45 am – 10.15 am Opening Plenary - The High-Level Discussants Dialogue Honourable Minister Mr. Geoffrey Onyeama, Ministry for Foreign Affairs Honourable Minister of State, Mrs. Zainab Ahmed, Ministry of Budget and National Planning H.E. Christos Stylianides, EU Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management tbc Mr. Rachid Benmessaoud, Nigeria Country Director, World Bank Mr. Edward Kallon, UN Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria Mr. Abdou Dieng, WFP Regional Director for West Africa

Rapporteur from CSO/NGO side NEXUS PEACE event Other members IMTF 51 10.15 am – 10.45 am Goodwill Messages 10.45 am – 11.15 am Coffee 11.15 am – 11.30 am Rapporteurs’ reports from side events Main Conference Programme 7 JUNE 2018

11.30 am – 12.30 pm Stocktake Session 1: Partners’ Moderator Perspectives Dr. Ngozi Azodoh, Director, Special Projects, Federal Ministry of Health The case study Humanitarian Response & Discussants Recovery/Development Activities: Mrs Elizabeth Egharevba, Director Objective: To map humanitarian International Cooperation, Ministry aid and development activities of Budget and National Planning and elucidate the lessons learnt Mr. Stephen Haykin, Mission Director, about appropriate governance USAID and accountability structures Mr. Kurt Cornelis, Head of support which enhance Cooperation, EU Delegation to humanitarian and development Nigeria activities. Ms. Debbie Palmer, Head of Office, What has been done, what is the DFID plan and what are the overlaps and gaps? What can we learn in terms of accountability and coordination structures?

12.30 pm – 12.40 pm What is a multi-stakeholder Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija accountability framework? Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus Coordinator 12.40 pm – 1.40 pm Working Lunch Brainstorming key principles for enhancing HDPN coordination and accountability

PEACE NEXUSPEACE 1.40 pm – 2.00 pm Feedback from lunch working groups 52 Main Conference Programme 7 JUNE 2018

2.00 pm – 3.00 pm Stocktake Session 2: Lessons Moderator from within, governance and Dr. Joe Abah multi-stakeholder accountability Discussants Objective: to identify the local Mr. Steen Andersen, World Bank, lessons learnt about appropriate HDPI governance and accountability Presidential Committee for structures support which enhance Northeast Initiatives humanitarian and development Professor Baba Gana Umaru, activities. Commissioner for Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Resettlement, What would the establishment of Borno State a framework for humanitarian, Dr. Umar Bindir, SSG Adamawa State development, peace coordination Mr. Tunji Idowu, Deputy Executive in a complex crisis involve? Director, PIND, Foundation for How could this build on existing Partnership Initiatives in the Niger commitments and mechanisms Delta locally and internationally? Dr Eluana Okilo Chief Melford Okilo Foundation 3.00 pm – 3.30 pm Coffee

3.30 pm – 4.30 pm Stocktake Session 3: External Chair perspective Mr. Earl Gast, Executive Vice and lessons learnt President, Creative Associates Objective: to identify learning Discussants from the post conflict Head of OCHA Nigeria humanitarian response, recovery Dr. Patrick Fine, CEO, FHI 360 updates from other countries Mr. Toby Lanzer, UN Assistant Secretary General Afghanistan Ms. Mary Morrison, World Bank PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE Mr. Steen Anderson, World Bank Mr. Ayaz Parvez, World Bank 53 4.30 pm – 5.00 pm Feedback and close 8 June 2018

9.00 am – 9.20 am Welcome and recap Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus Coordinator 9.30 am – 10.30 am Peace and Security Panel Moderator Stabilisation and Transition tbc Objective: to underscore Discussants the centrality of peace Ms. Catherine Inaji Udida, PV-CVE and security to the HDPN Coordinator, ONSA and outline actual efforts Major General Bamidele Shafa, and programmes being Operation Safe Corridor Coordinator designed and implemented Mr. Christian Ogbonna, Dialogue, by the Government of Reconciliation and Peace (DREP) Nigeria in promoting Peace Bishop Kukah, Kukah Center and Security through Colonel BNG Martins, Gombe Camp DDRR with special focus Commander on the rehabilitation and Mr. Bonat J. Tagwai, MNIM, reintegration of victims and National Orientation Centre former low risk Boko Haram Associates on their way back to the community.

10.30 am – 11.00 am Q&A

11.00 am – 11.30 am Coffee

11.30 am – 11.35 am Opening remarks Fr Atta Barkindo, Director, Kukah PEACE NEXUSPEACE Center 54 11.35 am – 12.20 pm Viewpoint from affected Moderator communities Mr. John Onyeukwu, A community panel Program Director/DCOP, NERI on countering violent Discussants extremism will feature a District Head of Duhu, Alhaji number of key actors from Mustapha Sanusi communities in Adamawa, Chairman of Madagali LGA, Yusuf Borno and Yobe States and Muhammad development practitioners Gon Baba Gana General Manager working in the region that Yobe State Agency for Community will speak about their and Social Development experiences, perceptions, Founder Allamin Foundation, Hajiya roles and efforts of local Hamsatu Hamila Allamin communities in the North Program Director, DREP, Chris East. Ogbonna Objective: to promote better understanding of affected communities’ perspectives and secure their input into interventions so they are co- created with communities they are intended to serve 12.20 pm – 12.30 pm Q&A 8 June 2018

12.30 pm – 1.30 pm Lunch

1.30 pm – 2.30 pm Roadmap to bridge the Facilitator Humanitarian Action and Dr. Ngozi Azodoh, Director Special Sustainable Development Projects Ministry of Health Nodes Objective: informed Dr. Eleanor Nwadinobi, British High by all the sessions of the Commission, Abuja event, this session will start Prof. Ed Nwobodo drafting an agreement on strengthening HDP coordination including a Multi-Stakeholder Accountability Framework and dedicated tracking system

2.30 pm – 3.00 pm Coffee

3.00 pm – 4.00 pm Closing Plenary Chair Honourable Minister of State, Mrs. Zainab Ahmed, Ministry of Budget and National Planning Discussants Mr. Rachid Benmessaoud, Nigeria Country Director, World Bank Professor Isaac Adewole, Minister of NEXUS PEACE Health 55 El Haj As Sy, Secretary-General, IFRC Mr. Eloi Fillion, Head of Delegation Nigeria, ICRC 4.00 pm – 4.30 pm Presentation of Nigeria Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija HDPN Communique Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus Coordinator 4.30 pm – 5.00 pm Feedback and Close NGO Side Event Joint Communique APPENDIX 2

1. On June 6, 2018 over 90 representatives from NNGOs, INGOs and civil society networks came together to discuss the Humanitarian Development Peace Nexus (HDPN) and the practical contextualization to the context in Nigeria. Discussions focused on the challenges and opportunities and addressing the risks and rewards.

2. Participants acknowledged the need for HDPN throughout many parts of Nigeria as well as the complexity of crises across the country, however the scope of the discussion mainly PEACE NEXUSPEACE focused on the north-east. 56 3. There was clear agreement that the ongoing humanitarian crisis renders parts of the north- east not yet ready for the Nexus.

4. The plenary agreed that the following actions are required by all stakeholders in order to move the HDPN forward in three key areas 1) sequencing areas of intervention1, 2) coordination and 3) funding;

Coordination: • The government to take the lead in providing a road map addressing context specific vulnerabilities in particular geographical areas and which is linked with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); • Refer to and use best practices in coordination from other countries; • Map existing coordination structures and networks, including peace, development and humanitarian; • Streamline and simplify existing government coordination structures to coordinate and improve information sharing and communication between local, state and federal level, and propose technical capacity-building support as necessary; • Invest in local capacity to achieve the HDPN, including a better understanding of capacity needs and gaps.

34 Interventions must be based on needs alone with sequencing appropriate when transitioning interventions. It is important to note that this model will only work funding is issued in parallel. APPENDIX 2 APPENDIX 2 NGO Side Event Joint Communique CONTINUED...

Sequencing Areas of Intervention: • Look at the full spectrum of interventions, i.e. the sequencing between development and humanitarian (work on preparedness and resilience, using the lens of fragility to plan/prioritize) and the sequencing between humanitarian and development (work on lifesaving response and building towards resilience and recovery); • Do not undermine the existing vast humanitarian needs that require on-going attention and funding in the north-east, neither undermining humanitarian principles; • Define collective outcomes for stakeholders through both development and humanitarian action, and build integration and coordination efforts towards these outcomes. Funding: • Clarify regulatory environment for INGOs as many have one-year temporary registrations which prohibits donors from funding INGOs with multiyear funding; • Enhance accountability, coordination, and transparency from government and humanitarian and development donors on who is funding what, e.g. low reporting by national and institutional humanitarian donors to Financial Tracking Service. This includes timelines, numbers, sectors, etc.; • Address gaps and unequal distribution of funding across sectors and improve funding targeting through joint planning, joint strategies and joint forum for engagement and coordination; • Establish framework and accountability mechanisms for private sector contributions to the HDPN; • Pursue non-traditional donors, such as members of the OIC, to increase injections of funding into north-east; PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE • The international community has provided life-saving humanitarian assistance to crisis- and disaster-affected communities in Nigeria at various points over the past decades, with the 57 current response in north-east Nigeria being by far the longest. While this life-saving assistance is still needed in the short and medium term, the international community cannot continue to augment the Government of Nigeria’s emergency response capacity to provide life-saving humanitarian assistance on a permanent basis;

5. The Nigeria INGO Forum as conveners of the side event wish to express their gratitude to the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC), World Bank and USAID for making the event possible.

Done on this day, June 6, 2018, Abuja, FCT SIDE EVENT - youth AND MEDIA APPENDIX 3

THE ROLE OF YOUTH AND MEDIA IN COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM 4 JUNE 2018 This side event will focus on the role of Youth and Media in Countering Violent Extremism and consider socially innovative strategies developed by youth to tackle problems in the North East. This session will feature a panel discussion with youth from the Young African Leadership Initiative (YALI), Global Shapers Community (Abuja Hub), Connected Development (CoDe), Youth Initiative for Advocacy, Growth and Advancement (YIAGA), North East Intellectual Entrepreneurship Fellowship (NEIEF) and the North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) and a screening of two short videos that show the impact youth have made in the NE.

The second session will delve into the topic ‘Photography as a counter narrative’ and will feature a visually rich presentation by three young photographers from the North East of Nigeria who were involved in a social media campaign on countering violent extremism. Media can play a vital role in promoting peace and preventing conflict or alternatively escalating conflict. In this day and age of digital media we must also ask ourselves how the power of social media can be harnessed to prevent conflict. 11.00 am – 11.05 am Opening remarks Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija and ECC 11.05am – 11.10 am Introduction Mr. John Onyeukwu, Deputy Chief of Party, NERI 11.05 am – 11.15 am Video Screening 11.15 am – 11.50 am Panel: The role of youth in Moderator countering violent extremism Zainab Shuaibu, NERI How have youth been involved Discussants

PEACE NEXUSPEACE in CVE? What are some ideas Fellows from the North East youth can utilize to address Intellectual Entrepreneurship 58 pressing challenges? What role Fellowship (NEIEF) and the North East does social media play in CVE? Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Are there opportunities for • Oghogho Best Ighoroje (NESIF) youth outside the north east to • Habila Obidah (NESIF) get involved in CVE? • Fatima Dauda (NESIF) • Paul Dasimeokumo (NEIEF) • Zara Kareto (NEIEF) Youth Initiative for Advocacy, Growth and Advancement (YIAGA) Connected Development (CoDe) Global Shapers Community (Abuja Hub) Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI) 11.50 pm – 12.00 pm Q&A with panellists

12.05 pm -12.10 pm Video screening (Fati Abubakar, Bits of Borno) 12.05 pm – 12.40 pm Presentation: Photography as Moderator a counter narrative Zainab Shuaibu, NERI Three young photographers Discussants from Borno will take us on a • Fatima Yetcha (Photographer/ journey to the north east that NESIF Fellow) portrays the resilience of the • Musa Gwary (Photographer) people to rebuild their loves • Muhammed Umara after the insurgency. (Photographer) APPENDIX 3 SIDE EVENT- HEALTH APPENDIX 3

HUMANITARIAN DEVELOPMENT NEXUS AND EARLY HEALTH SYSTEM RECOVERY 5 JUNE AM 2018 This event seeks to bring government at multiple levels, development and humanitarian actors, partners and other stakeholders in the health sector to discuss ways to achieve a more effective connection and collaboration between humanitarian and development programming and effective coordination mechanisms using the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) as a collective outcome. 9.00 - 9.30 am Arrival and Registration All 9.30 - 9.40 am Opening Remarks Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus Coordinator, Emergency Coordination Center 9.35 -9.40 am Welcome Remarks Dr N. Azodoh (FMOH)

9.40 - 10.00 am Setting the scene Dr D. Emuren / Dr I. Okudo 10.00 - 11.15 am Panel Discussion 1: HDN: Panelists: Dr N. Azodoh (FMOH) Providing health services while Dr J. Oladejo (NCDC) Building Back Better Health Dr F. Shuaib (NPHCDA) System recovery M. Natugasha (IRC) Pharm. Z. Shariff (FMOH) Q&A Dr E. Kongnyuy (UNFPA) Dr S. Mele (BSPHCDA)

11.20 am -12.35 pm Panel Discussion 2: Multi-level Panelists: Dr Azodoh (FMOH) NEXUS PEACE Coordination for Humanitarian Dr R. Mpazanje (WHO) Dr Y. Cherima Development Nexus: (USAID) 59 Challenges and way forward Dr H. Nwanja (WHO) Dr Mshelia (HCH Borno) Q&A C. Wanjue (OFDA) Hon. L. Liman (HCH Zamfara) 12.35 pm Wrap up / Closing Rapporteur/WHO 12.45 pm Lunch All SIDE EVENT- FOOD SECURITY APPENDIX 3

FROM FOOD ASSISTANCE TO LIVELIHOODS AND SELF RELIANCE 5 JUNE PM 2018 This side event will look at current food security challenges in the crisis affected states of Borno, Yobe, Adamawa and ongoing humanitarian, development interventions by national, local institutions, CSO, private sector, international community. The objective is to highlight opportunities for synergies and alliances that can enhance and accelerate sustainable solutions to the crisis. Participants are invited to attend and contribute ideas and experiences from the concerned areas as well as from other parts of the country.

2.00 pm – 2.05 pm Opening remarks Hon. Minister of Agriculture 2.05 pm – 3.00 pm Panel: How can humanitarian Moderator and development efforts and WFP, FAO actors converge and amplify Discussants their impact? Dr. Ike Nkechi, National Program for What are the current Food Security, Federal Ministry of challenges? Agriculture and Rural Development Where we would like to be two (MARD) to three years from now? Dr. Bishop Ohios, National Bureau of Statistics Where are the nexus Mrs. Felicia Stephen Nzomisaki, opportunities in the North East Permanent Secretary, Ministry of and other parts of Nigeria? Agriculture and Rural Development, Adamawa State CRS-Feed the Future

PEACE NEXUSPEACE Dr. Kenton Dashiell, Director IITA Zainab Yalma, agripreneur from 60 Borno GiZ Foundation for partnership initiatives in Niger Delta Zero Hunger Forum

3.00 pm – 3.30 pm Q&A and Good Ideas “Good ideas wall” and “good ideas big box” to gather participants’ ideas and contacts on “how can development, humanitarian food security efforts connect to address and prevent crises?” APPENDIX 3 APPENDIX 3 SIDE EVENT- CSO/NGO/INGO Forum .

TOWARDS A COMMON FRAMEWORK, INCREASED COORDINATION AND COLLECTIVE OUTCOMES - 6 JUNE AM 2018

Welcome and Introductions

9:00 am Welcome and Opening Remarks

Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun Alakija Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus Coordinator, Emergency Coordination Center

Steve Haykin Mission Director, USAID Nigeria

Jennifer Jalovec Director, Nigeria INGO Forum

9:15 am 1 | Keynote Address by Professor Ibrahim Gambari Chairman Savannah Centre/Former United Nations Under-Secretary General

9:30 am 2 | The Global Agenda of the HDP Nexus: Opportunities/Challenges for Nigeria There is growing global consensus about the increasing nature, complexity and impact of protracted crisis, and the need for innovative approaches by humanitarian, development and peace-building actors to change working

modalities to respond to the rapidly changing operational landscape in which NEXUS PEACE find themselves. 61 What is this “New Way of Working” and how does/should this approach differ from how we have been working before? What opportunities does it portray for Nigeria as a country? Which global changes present sufficient evidence of financial/policy commitments to make the HDP Nexus a reality?

Chair: Marco Rotelli Regional Representative Africa, International Council of Voluntary Agencies (ICVA)

Patrick Fine Global Chief Executive Officer, FHI 360

Earl Gast Earl Gast, Senior Vice President, Creative Associates

Questions from the plenary APPENDIX 3 SIDE EVENT- CSO/NGO/INGO Forum CONTINUED...

TOWARDS A COMMON FRAMEWORK, INCREASED COORDINATION AND COLLECTIVE OUTCOMES - 6 JUNE AM 2018

Panel Discussions

10:15 am 3 | Operationalizing the nexus: addressing risks and rewards Nigeria offers a unique case for a pilot study of the operationalization of the Nexus. The panel session will seek to offer an overview of the global agenda of the HDP Nexus, what this means within the Nigerian context and efforts to be employed by all stakeholders – government, international community and civil society in translating the nexus into practical realities. How can actors move from the risk-based narrative to focus on complementing actions and resources in interventions? What kinds of partnerships are needed for operationalizing the Nexus? What policy challenges may hinder the introduction of the Nexus in Nigeria? What are the likely approaches to developing coherence towards pragmatic collective outcomes in the Nexus implementation? Which of the actors are meant to take responsibility?

Chair: Darius Radcliffe Country Director, Mercy Corps Idayat Hassan Executive Director, Centre for Democracy and Development West Africa Julie Ideh Deputy Country Representative, Catholic Relief Services PEACE NEXUSPEACE Felix Sarrazin 62 Resilience Adviser, GIZ Nigeria Hamzat Lawal Co-founder/ Chief Executive, Connected Development (CODE) APPENDIX 3 APPENDIX 3 SIDE EVENT- CSO/NGO/INGO Forum CONTINUED...

TOWARDS A COMMON FRAMEWORK, INCREASED COORDINATION AND COLLECTIVE OUTCOMES - 6 JUNE AM 2018

11:30 am TEA/COFFEE BREAK

11:45 am 4 | Where are we in achieving the Nexus? What key issues need to be addressed?

In parallel working groups

Stream 1: Transitioning areas of intervention Humanitarian interventions should focus on integration and transition to local authorities as early as possible. This needs to be done in a way that effective humanitarian relief will continue, while sustainable medium- and long-term development action kicks-off. At what point does the Nexus take off? How can we link humanitarian and development aid to the political and security objectives in the context of fragility? What are the challenges in achieving transition and how may these be addressed? Facilitator: TBD Stream Two: Coordination Coordination is essential for the successful implementation of the Nexus. What should be the role of the NGO community in advancing the coordination objectives of the nexus? How will inclusion and representation be ensured?

Facilitator: TBD UNOCHA Humanitarian Affairs Officer/ Coordinator National Inter-Sector Working PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE Group Stream Three: Funding 63 How do we finance the Nexus? How are development agencies able to support the Nexus? What sorts of investments are envisaged for transforming the nexus into practical realities? How can the Grand Bargain commitments be realized in Nigeria? Facilitator: TBD HARMONISATION OF IDEAS AND FEEDBACK 12:45 pm Outlining a roadmap for the INGO/NGO synergy in the HDP Nexus

This session harmonizes the discussions and key action items from the breakout session, and this leads to the drafting of the communiqué which includes key outcomes and messaging from the day.

Claudine Awute Country Director, CARE International

Josephine Haba Executive Director Nigerian NGO Network (NINGONET) for Humanitarian Development Response Initiative 1:15 pm Word of thanks by Jubril Shittu Lead Coordinator, NGO Day Side Event

1:30 pm End LIST OF PARTICIPANTS (HUMANITARIAN DEVELOPMENT PEACE NEXUS)

Convener: Dr. Ayoade Olatunbosun-Alakija

1 Hon. Zainab Ahmed Ministry of Budget and National Planning Honorable Minister of State 2 Major General Bamidele Shafa Defence Headquarter Operation Safe Corridor 3 Umar Bindir Adamawa State Government Secretary to the State Government 4 Dr. Haruna Mshelia Borno State Government Honorable Commissioner, Health 5 Dr. Ngozi Azodoh Federal ministry of Health (FMOH) Special Projects 6 Ologun T.J Federal ministry of Health (FMOH) Deputy Director 7 Felicia Stephen nzomisaki Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Development Permanent Secretary 8 Samuel Olajide Odewale Ministry Of Budget And National Planning Permanent Secretary 9 Kayode Fagbemi National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) Director 10 Laoye Jaiyeola Nigeria Economic Summit Group (NESG) Chief Executive Officer 11 Yahaya Dankoli Ministry Of Women Affair & Social Walfare Permanent Secretary 12 Prof. Babagana Umaru Reconstruction, Rehabilitation And Resettlement Commissioner

13 Goni Babagana Yobe State Agency For Community And Social General Manager Development 14. Hon. Sani Zoro House Of Representatives Chairman House Committee on IDP’S’s 15. Commodore James Pindar Defence Headquaters Commodore

PEACE NEXUSPEACE

64 Ambassadors

1 Mr. Robert Petri Embassy of the Netherlands Ambassador

2 William Stuart Symington Embassy of The USA Ambassador

3 Sean Hoy Embassy of Ireland Ambassador

4 Richard Young European Union (EU) Deputy Head

5 Jens-Petter Kjempred Embassy of Norway Ambassador

6 Yutaka Kikuta Embassy of japan Ambassador

7 Louis Fisher High Commission of Botswana High commissioner

8 Harriet Thompson British High Commissioner Deputy High Commissioner

Regional Director

1 Abdou dieng World Food Programme (WFP) Regional Director for West Africa LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

Heads of Agencies

1 Rachid Benmessaoud World Bank (WB) World Bank Country Director, Nigeria 2 Myrta Kaulard World Food Programme (WFP) Country Director

3 Enira Krdzalic International Organisation For Migration (IOM) Chief Of Mission 4 Stephen Haykin United States Agency For International Development Mission Director (USAID) 5 Eloi Fillion International Committee Of The Red Cross (Icrc) Head Of Delegation Nigeria 6 Debbie Palmer Department For International Development (DFID) Head Of Office, Dfid 7 Dr. Fahad Zeeshan Action Against Hunger Deputy Country Director

8 Claudine Awute Care International Country Director

9 Julie Ideh Catholic Relief Services (Crs) Deputy Country Representative

10 Charles Usie Christian Aid Uk Country Director

11 Darius Radcliffe Mercy Corp Country Director

12 Hussaini Abdu Plan International Plan International

13 Earl Gast Creative Associates Senior Vice President

14 Patrick Fine Fhi 360 Chief Executive Officer, FHI360

15 Marco Rotelli International Council Of Voluntary Agencies (Icva) Secretary General

16 Tunji Idowu Partnership Initiatives In The Niger Delta (Pind) Deputy Executive Director NEXUS PEACE Foundation 17 Valentine Ozigbo Transcorp Head , Ceo Transcorp 65

18 Ebele Ogbue United Bank For Africa (Uba) Managing Director

19. Mohammed Fall UNICEF Head of UNICEF LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

Attendees

S/N Name Organisation Designation

1 Emenalo Leslie 9360s Consultant 2 Okereke Chinemere 9360s Consultant 3 Mabel Ade A’arase 4 Akpomiemie Akpomiemie Abdul Oroh & Co. Legal Practitioner 5 Dr. Mikailu Ibrahim Achieving Health Nigerian Initiative (AHNI/FHI360) 6 Goudjo Lucy Action Against Hunger Advocacy Manager 7 Fahel Action Against Hunger (ACF) DCD 8 Faith Madaki Action Aid Resource Mobilization Consultant 9 Lawal Gambo Adamawa State Government Special Adviser - Secretart State Government 10 Waziri Ahmadu Adamawa State Government Commissioner Agric 11 Olatunji Olanrewaju Adopt-A-Camp 12 Yasmin Ahmed Islamic Development Bank PFM Specialist 13 Agbo Bob Agbo Afrogrowth 14 Emily Beadle Agency For Technical Cooperation And Development Country Director (ACTED) 15 Hajiya Hamsatu Allamin Allamin Foundation Founder, Allamin Foundation 16 Audu Liman American University Of Nigeria (AUN) Administrator 17 Sheilah Moore AoA Global Rapporteur 18 Godwin Okoko Apurima Nigeria

PEACE NEXUSPEACE 19 Pam Nehemiah Apurima Nigeria Assistant Project Officer 20 Dr. Sule Meleh Borno SPHCDA Executive Director 66 21 Robert Watt British High Commission (BHC/DFID) Head Of Regead Offices 22 Dr. Eleanor Nwadinobi British High Commissioner WPS Lead – British High Commision 23 Thomas Sfforty Bureau Of Statistics Ad State 24 Prof. Clerk Brandon BWP Consultant / CEO

25 Ms. Shantel Ebute CAFI Executive Secretary

26 Peter Bondy Canada High Commission Office 27 Ekene Osakwe Care International Monitoring & Evaluation 28 Greg Umaya Care International Food Livelihood & Nutrition Manager 29 Hassan Omar Yare Care International Program Manager 30 Nobleman Eleanya Caritas Nigeria Edu In Emergency Focal Lead 31 Celeste Gregory Catholic Relief Services (CRS) Acting Director 32 Hajiya Ladi Catholic Relief Services (CRS) 33 Esther Eghobamien - CEDAN Member Mshelia 34 Jasper Ukachukwu Center For Democracy And Development West Africa 35 Anita Dauda Goni Center For Social Justice (CSJ) Executive Director 36 Kingsley Nnajiaka Center For Social Justice (CSJ) L.O 37 Bisi Popoola Central Bank Of Nigeria (CBN) 38 M. Muland Central Bank Of Nigeria (CBN) 39 Martins Eke Centre For Social Justice (CSJ) LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

40 Efe Usen Listowell Chad Program Manager 41 Wang Hav Chinese Embassy Second Secretary 42 Pravind Kr. Praveen Christian Aid 43 Victor Arokoyo Christian Aid Altp Program Coordinator 44 Catherine Onyeka Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Center (Cislac) 45 Sanem Ugoh Community Links Humanitarian Officer 46 Busayo Morakinyo Connected Development (CODE) 47 Hamzat Lawal Connected Development (CODE) Co-Founder / Chief Executive 48 Judith Edward Connected Development (CODE) 49 Jose Morell Ducos Cooperazione Internazionale (COOPI) Head Of Mission

50 Ayo Oladini Creative Associate Associate 51 Jiru Bako Crown Agents Country Director 52 Egena Oyibi Crown Agents Business Specialist 53 Elisha Daniel Heman CVIF Program Officer 54 Rita Onuoha Daily Asset Reporter

55 Zeldko Tonge Danish Refugee Council Country Director 56 Commodore James Pinwar Defence Headquarter Commodore 57 Emebet Kebede Department For International Development (DFID) Humanitarian Advisor 58 Emest Achtell Department For International Development (DFID) Humanitarian Advisor 59 Kabwa Zakama Department For International Development (DFID) Regional Coordinator 60 Mischa Foxell Department For International Development (DFID)

61 Valentine Udida Department For International Development (DFID) Program Officer NEXUS PEACE 62 Dr. Joe Abah Development Alternatives International (DAI) Country Director 67 63 Christian Ogbonna Dialogue, Reconciliation And Peace (DREP) Program Director 64 Comfort Agwu Directorate-General For European Civil Protection And Program Assistant Humanitarian Aid (Echo) 65 Oyeleye Aro Directorate-General For European Civil Protection And Personal Assistant Humanitarian Aid (ECHO) 66 Dr. Chibuzo Opara Drugstoc 67 Victoria Daaor EDIF 68 Okorodudu T. Bawo EFI Director 69 Ogunsola J.O Ekiti Tourism Dev. Agency Director, Tourism 70 Joy Itodo Elohim Dev. Foundation Coordinator 72 Mari Grepstad Embassy Of Norway First Secretary 73 Manuel Mutrux Embassy of Switzerland First Secretary

74 Musa Salmanu Embassy Of Ireland Humanitarian Officer 75 Sean Hoy Embassy Of Ireland Ambassador

76 Andy Madaki Emergency Coordination Center Communication Consultant 77 Dora Nwachukwu Emergency Coordination Center Team Member 78 Jennifer Omoregbee Emergency Coordination Center Team Member 79 Lydia Anan Emergency Coordination Center Team Member 80 Charlotte T. Blomhammar European Union (EU) Programme Officer 81 Richard Young European Union (EU) Deputy Head 82 Sharon Hart European Union (EU) Project Officer LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

83 Temitayo Omole European Union (EU) Program Manager 84 Muh’d Dauliti A. Fadama Agronomist

85 Yahaya Mohammed B. Fadama Infrastructure Engineer 86 Temitope Omotolani Farm Crowdy Co-Founder / Vp Operations 87 Adeyinka Onabolu Federal Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Development (FMARD) 88 Fashina Kayode J. Federal Ministry Of Environment (FME) Deputy Director 89 Agnes Simon Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) SCS /SP 90 Dr. Emuren Doubra Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) MOI / SP 91 Isah Benjamin Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) SEO (GD) 92 Margaret Dacheed Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) 93 Ologun T.J Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) Deputy Director

94 Pharm. Zainab U. Shariff Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) 95 Sadiya Aliyu Auta Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) PPO / SP 96 Sube Elamoh Ahn Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) ACHPO 97 Timothy O. Gabriel Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) HLT / SP 98 Ugonna Ikeokwu Federal Ministry Of Health (FMOH) C/M 99 Isa O. Yusuf Federal Ministry Of Women Affairs And Social Deputy Director, Finance Development (FMWASD) 100 Sunday S-Agbabiaka Federal Ministry Of Women Affairs And Social ACSO Development (FMWASD) 101 Tolulope Obe Federal Ministry Of Women Affairs And Social Program Officer Development (FMWASD) 102 Okeyingbo Abimbola Fellow PEACE NEXUSPEACE 103 Bassey Archibong FHED Africa 68 104 Fatimata Seye Sylla FHI360 Regional Education Rep. West And Central Africa 105 Abdulrahman Yakubu FHI360 106 Leila Abogheida FHI360 107 Satish Raj Pandey FHI360 Acting Country Director / Cop 108 Tamara Obonyo FHI360 109 Teryima Uza FHI360 110 Dr. Abba Goni FHI360 111 Mansa M. Adamu FHI360 112 Ogundare Yemisi FHI360 113 Yahaya Husseini Food And Agriculture Organisation Of The United Food Security Expert Nations (FAO) 114 Seun Ayeni Food Farm News Blogger / Correspondent 115 Ignatius Onyekwere Fund For Peace 116 Dorcas Iorkusa Gender & Community Emp. Initiative (GECOME) Executive Director

117 Dr. Rahila Iyaji Gender Equality, Peace And Development (GEPADC) 118 Olaitan Rotimi Geographic Information System (GIS) Project Coordinator 119 Fredrich Birgcler German Embassy First Secretary 120 Elizabeth Jeiyol GERRI 121 Jennifer Odaa GERRI 122 Roy Bobbie GHYF Program Officer 123 Felix Sarrazin GIZ Resilience Adviser, Giz Nigeria LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

124 Martin Osubor Global Affairs Canada Development Officer 125 Atagana Blessing Global Peace Development Program Officer 126 Ebruke Esike Global Peace Development Executive Director

127 Eche Amos Nehemiah GNHF 128 Louise Gyunka GNHF 129 Constance Enebechi GRA Research Assistant 130 Orahu Samuel GRA 131 Hon. L. Liman Hch Zamfara 132 Balami J.B Health 133 Dr. Ugochi Ohajuruka Health Aid For All Initiative (HAFAI) Executive Director 134 Moh’d N. Haruna Herwa Cdi Executive Director 135 Olah Anthony IDC Chief Executive Officer 136 Olayoku Philip A. Information Aid Network (IFANet) Project Manager 137 Zainab Musa INGO Forum 138 Grace Atim Institute For Peace And Conflict Resolution (IPCR)

139 Mbah Emeka Institute For Peace And Conflict Resolution (IPCR) 140 Fabian Awiligwe Instrat-Global Health Solutions North Central Coordinator 141 Kon Bitrus Dangiwa Interfaith Medication Kaduna 142 Hauwa Mohammed International Action Network On Smmall Arms (IANSA) 143 Violet Ochiekwu International Action Network On Smmall Arms Program Manager (IANSA) 144 Cindy Chongang International Alert Country Manager PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 145 Ahmad Kazouini International Committee Of The Red Cross (ICRC) Water And Habitat Deputy Coordinator 146 Taimur Bashir International Committee Of The Red Cross (ICRC) Deputy Coordinator 69 147 Addis Tesfa International Council Of Voluntary Agencies (ICVA) 148 Nnamdi Obasi International Crisis Group Senior Country Adviser

149 Eme Essien International Finance Cooperation (IFC) Country Director 150 Debo Akande International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Country Lead Ag Results 151 Dr. Kenton Dashiell International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Director

152 Zainab Yalma International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Agripreneur, Borno 153 Zainab Mangga International Monetary Fund (IMF) Economist 154 Fernando Medina International Organisation For Migration (IOM) Stool 155 Ikechukwu Attah International Organisation For Migration (IOM) Communication Assistant 156 Robert Odhiambo International Organisation For Migration (IOM) 157 Tabitha Stoya International Organisation For Migration (IOM) Maiduguri 158 Talatu Agwom International Organisation For Migration (IOM) 159 Maclean Natugasha International Resue Committee (IRC) Deputy Director, Programs 160 Jean Onanhople Gerard Intersos 161 Fr. Atta Barkindo Kukah Center Director 162 Akin Oyebode Lagos State Employment Trust Fund (LSETF) Executive Secretary 163 Kayode Adegbola Lagos State Employment Trust Fund (LSETF) 164 Yusuf Mohammed Madagali Lga Chairman Of Madagali LGA 165 Adegbite G. Mao Foundation Executive Director LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

166 Andrew Ahonsi Masses Awareness Project Director 167 Dr. S.O Faniran NEMA Deputy Director of NEMA 168 Prof. M. Tabiu Mcn National Team Leader 169 Okolo Chukwuemeka Medecine Du Monde (MDM) Liaison Officer 170 Bukola Afeni Media Reporter 171 Adeyemi Adefemi Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) Consultant 172 Hauwa Yahaya Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) Special Adviser Honorable Minister State

173 Kunle Idi-Agbon Luqman Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) SA - Budget 174 Margaret Dibigbo Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) 175 Matthew Ifeadi Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) PEOI 176 Nabila Aguele Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) TA. HMS 177 Olatubosun O.M Ministry Of Budget And National Planning (MoBNP) CS 178 Unwana Ukim Myerhots International Consultant 179 Prof. Ikani I.E Naerls Deputy Director 180 Dr. Dahom Mutala Nasrun Nig. Managing Director 181 Abdulrahman National Assembly (NASS) ABU 182 Ahmad Musa National Assembly (NASS) TUC 183 Shamsudeen Saliu National Assembly (NASS) Member 184 Teniola Taya National Assembly (NASS) SLA 185 Yoyo Alade National Assembly (NASS) Speech Writer 186 Babalola D.A National Bureau Of Statistics (NBS) NCDC

PEACE NEXUSPEACE 187 Dr. Bishop E.O. Ohioma National Bureau Of Statistics (NBS) Permanent Secretary 70 188 Dr. John Oladejo National Center For Disease Control (NCDC) Head, Health Emergency 189 Shizzer Nasara Bada National Commission For Refugees,Migrants And Deputy Director IDP’s (NCFRMI) 190 Chinyere Ineme National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) DMOID 191 Nnaji Ifeanyi National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) DRRO 192 Saidu Ahmed Minin National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) Deputy Director, Relief & Rehabilitation 193 Salako Damilola National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) ROP 194 Chantu Musa National Orientation Agency (NOA) Director 195 Bonart J. Tagwai National Orientation Center 196 Dr. Usman Gana National Primary Health Care Development Agency Deputy Director Prs. (NPHCDA) 197 Amu Anthony National Program For Food Security (NPFS) Assistant Director 198 Dr. Ike Nkechi National Program For Food Security (NPFS) 199 Chidi A. Och Nba Spidel 200 Prof. I.M Jaro Nepa-Peri-Peri U Director CDRMDS 201 Dr. Dalhat Lawal Nepa-Peri-Peri U Director CDRMDS 202 Amb. Ahmed Shehu Network Of Cso's In Borno State (NECSOB) 203 Jamila Yusuf Network Of Cso's In Borno State (NECSOB) 204 Collins Yakubu News Agency Of Nigeria (NAN) Reporter 205 Ibrahim Abu Nigeria Communication Commission (NCC) Cyber Security 206 Akinwunmi O.A Nigeria Economic Summit Group (NESG) FITA 207 Jackson Okon Nigeria Economic Summit Group (NESG) Analyst Project LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

208 Nnanna Ude Nigeria Economic Summit Group (NESG) 209 Tope Toogun Nigeria Economic Summit Group (NESG) Facilitator 210 Jennifer Jalovec Nigeria INGO Forum Director, Nigeria INGO Forum 211 Jubril Shittu Nigeria INGO Forum Government Engagement And Partnerships 212 Moshood Raimi Nigeria INGO Forum 213 Yewande Sadiku Nigeria Investment, Promotion Commission (NIPC) Executive Secretary 214 Paulinus Amaeze Nigeria Ngo Network (NINGONET) State Representative 215 Josephine Habba Nigeria Ngo Network (NINGONET) Executive Director 216 Mimidoo Achakpa Nigeria Ngo Network (NINGONET) 217 Msoo Dura Nigeria Ngo Network (NINGONET) 218 Aminu Abdullahi Nigeria Security And Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) ACG OPS Kofarsoro 219 Kambra A. Adamu Nigeria Security And Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) DCC 220 Peter Urube Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) Camera Man 221 Ruth Aguele Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) Reporter 222 Yemi Ajayi Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) Reporter 223 Edeh Vincent Nin 224 Prof. Ed Nwobodo Nnamdi Azikiwe University Professor 225 Paul Dasimeohumo North East Intellectual Entrepreneurship Fellowship (NEIEF) 226 Zara Kareto North East Intellectual Entrepreneurship Fellowship Fellow (NEIEF) 227 Abigail Joshua North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow

228 Abubakar Faisal North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Member NEXUS PEACE 229 Abubakar Monguno North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 71 230 Adamu Bala Talba North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 231 Ajid Bukar Mohammed North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 232 Ali Azur North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 233 Bulama Usman Idrisa North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 234 Fatima Ajimi Badu North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 235 Fatima Dauda North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 236 Iya Mahmood Gneis North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 237 Jennifer Agbaji North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 238 John Onyekwu North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Program Director 239 Joycelyn Attah North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 240 Kauna Hamman North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 241 Madani Tijjani North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 242 Meki Maksha North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 243 Moh’d Alkali Abubakar North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 244 Moh’d Yerima Abu North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 245 Muhammed Umara North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Photographer 246 Musa Gwary North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Photographer 247 Ndakami Elisha North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 248 Nehemiah Yadlwa North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 249 Obidah Habila A. North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

250 Samaila Abbas I. North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 251 Simon Lukas Ijidai North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 252 Soil Hirst North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 253 Sunday Ben North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 254 Tijjani Bukar North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 255 Umoh Diana Adolf North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Nesif Coordinator 256 Yagana Maina North East Regional Initiative (NERI) 257 Yazid A. Suleiman North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 258 Yunus Musa Akuyam North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 259 Zainab Shuaibu North East Regional Initiative (NERI) Fellow 260 Abubakar As North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Member 261 Avindia A. Musa North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Fellow 262 Fatima Yetcha North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Photographer 263 Gloria Emmanuel North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Fellow 264 Kabir J. Jambo North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Fellow 265 Oghogho Best Ighoroje North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Fellow 266 Oteikwu Ezekiel North East Social Innovation Fellowship (NESIF) Fellow 267 Nguyan S. Feese NSF Developments Lead Consultant 268 Zainab Yahaya-Edu NSIO / Office of The Vice President 269 Iptibehaz Nizami OXFAM Country Director 270 Ramatu Ada Ochokhije Partnership Initiatives In The Niger Delta (PIND) Communication Consultant Foundation

PEACE NEXUSPEACE 271 Alix Arquilliere Partnerships To Engagement, Reform And Learning NE Advisor (PERL) 72 272 Owa Raymond PCL Principal Partner 273 Adeolu Adewunmi Peace And Security Network (PSN) Manager 274 Phebe Banu Peace And Security Network (PSN) Assistant 275 Prof. M Jaro Peri Peri U Director Cdrmds 276 Dr. Dalhat Lawal Peri Peri Director Cdrmds 277 Fabian Bockler Plan International 278 Oji Ogbureke Plan International Head Of Programs 279 Ify Malo Power For All 280 Ngozi Agu Power For All 281 Teina Teibonei Power For All 282 Adewale Yinka Presidency Office For Digital Engagement (PODE) Video Editor 283 Momodu Anna Presidency Office For Digital Engagement (PODE) Digital Media Officer 284 Yusuf Jidda Propcom Mai-Karfi 285 Muhamad Fuse-Ro Quillion Executive Director 286 Ekwoyi Ochigbo Riao Executive Director 287 Ugochukwu Road Seal Director 288 Adedotun Amori Rotary Assiatant Governor 289 Tonye Cole Sahara Energy Managing Director 290 Wonuola Oyeladun Sahara Energy 291 Wangari Wanjane Save The Children Coordinator LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

292 Toyin Dagwu SCB 293 Ibrahim Natagwandu SCDDD 294 Okwume Anthony SDED Executive Director 295 Ms Bukola Search For Common Ground Security Policy & Program Analyst Ademoladelerin 296 Rajendra Mulmi Search For Common Ground Country Director 297 Shabnan Moallem Search For Common Ground Program Coordinator 298 Mabeyo S. Farouna Secours Islamic France (SIF) 299 Seyi Pedro Silverbirld Television Camera Man 300 Monday Ewans Small And Medium Enterprises Development Agency Of Nigeria (SMEDAN) 301 Temitope Olayemi Social Welfare Networl Initiative (SWNI) Accountant 302 Eghosa Erhumwunse Sos Village MD 303 Gladys Omopariwa Sos Village IPD Coordinator 304 Idera Gabriel Sos Village 305 Okafor Tochukwu Sped 306 Fifi Ejindu Starcrest Investment 307 Mr. Onyemaechi Ejindu Starcrest Investment 308 Ben Munson Street Child 309 Taiwo Racheal Adetunji Strong Enough Girls Emp. Initiative 310 Gambo Garba Muh’d Taimako Community Development Initiative Executive Director 311 Chioma Chike Techha 312 Geoffrey P. Mwantet Tekan Peace Development PEACE NEXUS NEXUS PEACE 313 Aisha Musa Thanerd Consults Assistant Director 314 Daniel Tyokua The Authority Reporter 73 315 Oludare Richard The Gradiz 316 Osasu Igbenedion The Osasu Show Host 317 Judith Giwa Aina UNICEF

318 Mohammed Fall UNICEF Representative 319 Nicki Bennett UNICEF Head Of Emergencies 320 T. Durunimi UNICEF Child Ed. 321 Tunde Balogun Tourism

322 Alh. Mustapha Sanusi Traditional Leader District Head Of Duhu 323 Valentine Ozigbo Transcorp Head , Ceo Transcorp 324 Helen Okenu UBN 325 Ernest B. Mutanga UD Reg. Resilience Advisor 326 Seun Ayo UMS 327 Aliyu Adamu Union Bank 328 Aliyu Adamu Union Bank 329 Sarumi Segun Union Bank 330 Gbeke Tuyo United Bank For Africa (UBA) 331 Hamilton Nakirem United Bank For Africa (UBA) Business Manager 332 Ogochukwu Okafor United Bank For Africa (UBA) Relationship Officer LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

333 Oluchi Anih United Bank For Africa (UBA) Relationship Manager 334 Joerg Kuehnel United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Deputy Country Director 335 Alta Bell United Nations Office For The Coordination Of Human Financing Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) 336 Vincent Omuga United Nations Office For The Coordination Of HAO Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) 337 Thomas Adamu-Edor United State Institute For Peace (Usip) Program Coordinator 338 Adamu Igoche United States Agency For International Development Deputy Director Pdg Office (USAID) 339 Adrienne Tamayan United States Agency For International Development OFDA (USAID) 340 Amarachi Obinna-Nnadi United States Agency For International Development Comms. (USAID) 341 Charles Wanjue United States Agency For International Development Dart T/L (USAID) 342 Croshelle Harris-Hussein United States Agency For International Development Education Officer Director (USAID) 343 Dr. Charles Iyangbe United States Agency For International Development Senior Ag. Economist (USAID) 344 Dr. Ezekiel James United States Agency For International Development Advisor (USAID) 345 Dr. Yakubu Cherima United States Agency For International Development Spm - Mnch (USAID) 346 Erin Hollesan United States Agency For International Development Deputy Managing Director (USAID) 347 Evin Connors United States Agency For International Development OTI (USAID) 348 Henock Kewendbelay United States Agency For International Development Program Officer (USAID) 349 Katherine Dillon United States Agency For International Development Planning Coordinator (USAID) 350 Michelle L. Juarez United States Agency For International Development FFP Team Leader PEACE NEXUSPEACE (USAID) 351 Mukhtari Shitu United States Agency For International Development Program Specialist 74 (USAID) 352 Regina Parham United States Agency For International Development Program Officer (USAID) 353 Roseann Casey United States Agency For International Development Economic Growth (USAID) 354 Zack Taylorv United Stavtes Agency For International Development Comms (USAID) 355 Nengwu Gondiji Embassy of The USA 356 Sani Mohammed Embassy of The USA PAS 357 Nneka Chukwuemeka Victims Support Fund (VSF) PO E&P 358 Theophilus Emma Victims Support Fund (VSF) PO-Trraits 359 Bridget Osakwe WANEP Nigeria Bridget Osakwe 360 Moh’d Bukar Umewa WFRI Fellow 361 Brig Gen Saleh Bawa White Ink Consult CEO 362 Inusa Abdul WISCOL 363 Umma Yaradua World Bank (WB) CMO 364 Anantha Krishner World Bank (WB) Senior Consultant 365 Ayaz Parvaz World Bank (WB) 366 Ben Kushner World Bank (WB) DRM 367 Beverly Brar World Bank (WB) Consultant 368 Howard Bell World Bank (WB) Consultant 369 Kofi Nouve World Bank (WB) Program Leader LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTINUED...

370 Mary Morrison World Bank (WB) Program Coordinator 371 Muna Meky World Bank (WB) 372 Nadim Saghir World Bank (WB)

373 Olumide Okunola World Bank (WB) Senior Health Specialist, World Bank 374 Parminder Brar World Bank (WB) Lead Fms 375 Shehu Salau World Bank (WB) Snr. Agr. Eco. 376 Steen Anderson World Bank (WB) 377 Abiola Akanni World Food Programme (WFP) Program Policy Officer 378 Akeem Ajibale World Food Programme (WFP) Program Officer 379 Kelechi Onyemaobi World Food Programme (WFP) Comms. Mgr 380 Marlies Lensina World Food Programme (WFP) Program Officer 381 Olatunji Sonollei World Food Programme (WFP) Vam Officer 382 Yamon Demange World Food Programme (WFP) Security Advisor 383 Alheri Jatau World Health Organization (WHO) Comms. 384 Ariyo A World Health Organisation (WHO) Comms. 385 Dr. Collins Owili World Health Organisation (WHO) 386 Dr. Okoro Nwanja Henry World Health Organisation (WHO) 387 Dr. Rex Mpazanje World Health Organisation (WHO) 388 George Ndahendekire World Health Organisation (WHO) Regional Manager 389 Ifeanyi Okudo World Health Organisation (WHO) NPO Health Emergency 390 Ukor Nkiru World Health Organisation (WHO) NPO / HSS

391 Uchechukwu Oge ZOA International NEXUS PEACE 75