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JOURNAL of NEMATOLOGY Description of Heterodera
JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY Article | DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-097 e2020-97 | Vol. 52 Description of Heterodera microulae sp. n. (Nematoda: Heteroderinae) from China a new cyst nematode in the Goettingiana group Wenhao Li1, Huixia Li1,*, Chunhui Ni1, Deliang Peng2, Yonggang Liu3, Ning Luo1 and Abstract 1 Xuefen Xu A new cyst-forming nematode, Heterodera microulae sp. n., was 1College of Plant Protection, Gansu isolated from the roots and rhizosphere soil of Microula sikkimensis Agricultural University/Biocontrol in China. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by Engineering Laboratory of Crop lemon-shaped body with an extruded neck and obtuse vulval cone. Diseases and Pests of Gansu The vulval cone of the new species appeared to be ambifenestrate Province, Lanzhou, 730070, without bullae and a weak underbridge. The second-stage juveniles Gansu Province, China. have a longer body length with four lateral lines, strong stylets with rounded and flat stylet knobs, tail with a comparatively longer hyaline 2 State Key Laboratory for Biology area, and a sharp terminus. The phylogenetic analyses based on of Plant Diseases and Insect ITS-rDNA, D2-D3 of 28S rDNA, and COI sequences revealed that the Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, new species formed a separate clade from other Heterodera species Chinese Academy of Agricultural in Goettingiana group, which further support the unique status of Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. H. microulae sp. n. Therefore, it is described herein as a new species 3Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu of genus Heterodera; additionally, the present study provided the first Academy of Agricultural Sciences, record of Goettingiana group in Gansu Province, China. -
The Interaction of Drought and the Outbreak of Phoracantha
The interaction of drought and the outbreak of Phoracantha semipunctata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on tree collapse in the Northern Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest. by Stephen Seaton (BSc Environmental Science) This thesis is presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science (Honours) School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia November 2012 ii Declaration I declare that that the work contained within this thesis is an account of my own research, except where work by others published or unpublished is noted, while I was enrolled in the Bachelor of Science with Honours degree at Murdoch University, Western Australia. This work has not been previously submitted for a degree at any institution. Stephen Seaton November 2012 iii Conference Presentations Seaton, S.A.H., Matusick, G., Hardy, G. 2012. Drought induced tree collapse and the outbreak of Phoracantha semipunctata poses a risk for forest under climate change. Abstract presented at the Combined Biological Sciences Meeting (CBSM) 2012, 24th of August. University Club, University of Western Australia. Seaton, S.A.H., Matusick, G., Hardy, G. 2012. Occurrence of Eucalyptus longicorn borer (Phoracantha semipunctata) in the Northern Jarrah Forest following severe drought. To be presented at The Australian Entomological Society - 43rd AGM & Scientific Conference and Australasian Arachnological Society - 2012 Conference. 25th – 28th November. The Old Woolstore, Hobart. iv Acknowledgments I greatly appreciate the guidance, enthusiasm and encouragement and tireless support from my supervisors Dr George Matusick and Prof Giles Hardy in the Centre of Excellence for Climate Change Forests and Woodland Health. I particularly appreciate the interaction and productive discussions regarding forest ecology and entomology and proof reading the manuscript. -
Key to the Genera of Cerambycidae of Western North America
KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE CERAMBYCIDAE OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA Version 030120 JAMES R. LaBONTE JOSHUA B. DUNLAP DANIEL R. CLARK THOMAS E. VALENTE JOSHUA J. VLACH OREGON DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Begin key Contributions and Acknowledgements James R. LaBonte, ODA (Oregon Department of Agriculture: Design and compilation of this identification aid. Joshua B. Dunlap: Acquisition of most of the images. Daniel R. Clark: Design input and testing. Thomas E. Valente, ODA: Design input and testing. Joshua J. Vlach, ODA: Design input and testing. Thomas Shahan, Thomas Valente, Steve Valley – additional images ODA: Use of the imaging system, the entomology museum, and general support. Our appreciation to USDA Forest Service and ODA for funding this project. Introduction Begin key This identification aid is a comprehensive key to the genera of western North American Cerambycidae (roundheaded or long- horned wood borers). It also includes several genera (and species) that are either established in the region or that are targets of USDA and other exotic cerambycid surveys. Keys to commonly trapped or encountered (based on ODA’s years of wood borer surveys) indigenous species are also included. *This aid will be most reliable west of the Rocky Mountains. It may not function well with taxa found in the desert West and east of the Rockies. This aid is designed to be used by individuals with a wide range of taxonomic expertise. Images of all character states are provided. Begin key Use of This Key: I This key is designed like a traditional dichotomous key, with couplets. However, PowerPoint navigational features have been used for efficiency. -
Coleoptera) (Excluding Anthribidae
A FAUNAL SURVEY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURCULIONOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) (EXCLUDING ANTHRIBIDAE, PLATPODINAE. AND SCOLYTINAE) OF THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS A Thesis TAMI ANNE CARLOW Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1997 Major Subject; Entomology A FAUNAL SURVEY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURCVLIONOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) (EXCLUDING ANTHRIBIDAE, PLATYPODINAE. AND SCOLYTINAE) OF THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS A Thesis by TAMI ANNE CARLOW Submitted to Texas AgcM University in partial fulltllment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved as to style and content by: Horace R. Burke (Chair of Committee) James B. Woolley ay, Frisbie (Member) (Head of Department) Gilbert L. Schroeter (Member) August 1997 Major Subject: Entomology A Faunal Survey and Zoogeographic Analysis of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) (Excluding Anthribidae, Platypodinae, and Scolytinae) of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. (August 1997) Tami Anne Carlow. B.S. , Cornell University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Horace R. Burke An annotated list of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptem) (excluding Anthribidae, Platypodinae, and Scolytinae) is presented for the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of Texas. The list includes species that occur in Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, and Wigacy counties. Each of the 23S species in 97 genera is tteated according to its geographical range. Lower Rio Grande distribution, seasonal activity, plant associations, and biology. The taxonomic atTangement follows O' Brien &, Wibmer (I og2). A table of the species occuning in patxicular areas of the Lower Rio Grande Valley, such as the Boca Chica Beach area, the Sabal Palm Grove Sanctuary, Bentsen-Rio Grande State Park, and the Falcon Dam area is included. -
The Curculionoidea of the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean) (Coleoptera)
BULLETIN OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF MALTA (2010) Vol. 3 : 55-143 The Curculionoidea of the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean) (Coleoptera) David MIFSUD1 & Enzo COLONNELLI2 ABSTRACT. The Curculionoidea of the families Anthribidae, Rhynchitidae, Apionidae, Nanophyidae, Brachyceridae, Curculionidae, Erirhinidae, Raymondionymidae, Dryophthoridae and Scolytidae from the Maltese islands are reviewed. A total of 182 species are included, of which the following 51 species represent new records for this archipelago: Araecerus fasciculatus and Noxius curtirostris in Anthribidae; Protapion interjectum and Taeniapion rufulum in Apionidae; Corimalia centromaculata and C. tamarisci in Nanophyidae; Amaurorhinus bewickianus, A. sp. nr. paganettii, Brachypera fallax, B. lunata, B. zoilus, Ceutorhynchus leprieuri, Charagmus gressorius, Coniatus tamarisci, Coniocleonus pseudobliquus, Conorhynchus brevirostris, Cosmobaris alboseriata, C. scolopacea, Derelomus chamaeropis, Echinodera sp. nr. variegata, Hypera sp. nr. tenuirostris, Hypurus bertrandi, Larinus scolymi, Leptolepurus meridionalis, Limobius mixtus, Lixus brevirostris, L. punctiventris, L. vilis, Naupactus cervinus, Otiorhynchus armatus, O. liguricus, Rhamphus oxyacanthae, Rhinusa antirrhini, R. herbarum, R. moroderi, Sharpia rubida, Sibinia femoralis, Smicronyx albosquamosus, S. brevicornis, S. rufipennis, Stenocarus ruficornis, Styphloderes exsculptus, Trichosirocalus centrimacula, Tychius argentatus, T. bicolor, T. pauperculus and T. pusillus in Curculionidae; Sitophilus zeamais and -
Fossil History of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) from the Paleogene
geosciences Review Fossil History of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) from the Paleogene Andrei A. Legalov 1,2 1 Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Frunze, 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia; [email protected]; Tel.: +7-9139471413 2 Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave, 36, 634050 Tomsk, Tomsk Oblast, Russia Received: 23 June 2020; Accepted: 4 September 2020; Published: 6 September 2020 Abstract: Currently, some 564 species of Curculionoidea from nine families (Nemonychidae—4, Anthribidae—33, Ithyceridae—3, Belidae—9, Rhynchitidae—41, Attelabidae—3, Brentidae—47, Curculionidae—384, Platypodidae—2, Scolytidae—37) are known from the Paleogene. Twenty-seven species are found in the Paleocene, 442 in the Eocene and 94 in the Oligocene. The greatest diversity of Curculionoidea is described from the Eocene of Europe and North America. The richest faunas are known from Eocene localities, Florissant (177 species), Baltic amber (124 species) and Green River formation (75 species). The family Curculionidae dominates in all Paleogene localities. Weevil species associated with herbaceous vegetation are present in most localities since the middle Paleocene. A list of Curculionoidea species and their distribution by location is presented. Keywords: Coleoptera; Curculionoidea; fossil weevil; faunal structure; Paleocene; Eocene; Oligocene 1. Introduction Research into the biodiversity of the past is very important for understanding the development of life on our planet. Insects are one of the Main components of both extinct and recent ecosystems. Coleoptera occupied a special place in the terrestrial animal biotas of the Mesozoic and Cenozoics, as they are characterized by not only great diversity but also by their ecological specialization. -
Nematode, Heterodera Zeae on Maize (Zea Mays L.)
Management of maize cyst nematode JBiopest 8(2):62-67 (2015) Botanicals- An effective tool for the management of maize cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae on maize (Zea mays L.) S. K. Mehta, B. L. Baheti, B. S. Rathore and *C. P. Nama ABSTRACT Maize cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae (Koshy et al.) has been reported to cause significant losses in Rajasthan due to monocropping of maize, favorable soil and environmental conditions and ignorance of management practices. In present investigation, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica), aak (Calotropis procera) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaf powder for the management of maize cyst nematode, H. zeae on maize variety PEHM-2. Plant leaf powders were applied at 1, 2 and 4 g/plant as soil amendment at the time of sowing. A treated chemical check (Phorate 2 kg/ha) and untreated check were also maintained for interpretation of experimental results. Results indicated maximum increase in shoot length, root length, shoot weight and root weight which were observed when neem leaf powders were applied at 4 g/plant followed by aak and water hyacinth leaf powders at 4 g/plant. Significant reduction in nematode population viz., cyst/plant, cyst/100 cc soil, eggs and larvae/cyst and larvae/100 cc soil was also observed with neem leaf powders at 4 g/plant over control. MS History: 27.03.2014 (Received)-01.05.2014 (Revised)-21.05.2014 (Accepted) Key words: Management, Maize, Heterodera zeae, Botanicals, Neem, Aak and Water hyacinth. Citation: Mehta, S. K., Baheti, B. L., Rathore, B. -
Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Their Management: a Review
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE): E-Journals Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.8, No.1, 2018 Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Their Management: A Review Misgana Mitiku Department of Plant Pathology, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Jinka, Agricultural Research Center, Jinka, Ethiopia Abstract Nowhere will the need to sustainably increase agricultural productivity in line with increasing demand be more pertinent than in resource poor areas of the world, especially Africa, where populations are most rapidly expanding. Although a 35% population increase is projected by 2050. Significant improvements are consequently necessary in terms of resource use efficiency. In moving crop yields towards an efficiency frontier, optimal pest and disease management will be essential, especially as the proportional production of some commodities steadily shifts. With this in mind, it is essential that the full spectrums of crop production limitations are considered appropriately, including the often overlooked nematode constraints about half of all nematode species are marine nematodes, 25% are free-living, soil inhabiting nematodes, I5% are animal and human parasites and l0% are plant parasites. Today, even with modern technology, 5-l0% of crop production is lost due to nematodes in developed countries. So, the aim of this work was to review some agricultural nematodes genera, species they contain and their management methods. In this review work the species, feeding habit, morphology, host and symptoms they show on the effected plant and management of eleven nematode genera was reviewed. -
Management Strategies for Control of Soybean Cyst Nematode and Their Effect on Nematode Community
Management Strategies for Control of Soybean Cyst Nematode and Their Effect on Nematode Community A Thesis SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Zane Grabau IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE Dr. Senyu Chen June 2013 © Zane Grabau 2013 Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge my committee members John Lamb, Robert Blanchette, and advisor Senyu Chen for their helpful feedback and input on my research and thesis. Additionally, I would like to thank my advisor Senyu Chen for giving me the opportunity to conduct research on nematodes and, in many ways, for making the research possible. Additionally, technicians Cathy Johnson and Wayne Gottschalk at the Southern Research and Outreach Center (SROC) at Waseca deserve much credit for the hours of technical work they devoted to these experiments without which they would not be possible. I thank Yong Bao for his patient in initially helping to train me to identify free-living nematodes and his assistance during the first year of the field project. Similarly, I thank Eyob Kidane, who, along with Senyu Chen, trained me in the methods for identification of fungal parasites of nematodes. Jeff Vetsch from SROC deserves credit for helping set up the field project and advising on all things dealing with fertilizers and soil nutrients. I want to acknowledge a number of people for helping acquire the amendments for the greenhouse study: Russ Gesch of ARS in Morris, MN; SROC swine unit; and Don Wyse of the University of Minnesota. Thanks to the University of Minnesota Plant Disease Clinic for contributing information for the literature review. -
Chapter 11. Host Preference Testing for Parasitoids of a Eucalyptus Borer in California
ASSESSING HOST RANGES OF PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS _________________________________ CHAPTER 11. HOST PREFERENCE TESTING FOR PARASITOIDS OF A EUCALYPTUS BORER IN CALIFORNIA T. D. Paine,1 J. G. Millar,1 and L. M. Hanks2 1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois DESCRIPTION OF PEST INVASION AND PROBLEM Of the more than 700 species in the genus Eucalyptus L’Heritier native to Australia and New Guinea, approximately 90 species have been introduced into North America over the last 150 years (Doughty, 2000). Eucalyptus trees were first propagated in California from seed brought from Australia. Insect pests and diseases associated with living trees were not introduced with the seeds. As a result, the trees growing in California were relatively free of pests until the last two decades of the twentieth century (Paine and Millar, 2002). Phoracantha semipunctata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is native to Australia but has been accidentally introduced into virtually all of the Eucalyptus-growing regions of the world, including California, and is causing significant tree mortality in many of those areas (Paine et al., 1993, 1995, 1997). The beetles are attracted to volatile chemical cues produced by downed Eucalyptus and Angophora Cav. trees, broken branches, or standing stressed trees that are suitable larval host material (Chararas, 1969; Drinkwater, 1975; Ivory, 1977; Gonzalez- Tirado, 1987; Hanks et al., 1991). After mating on the bark surface, females oviposit under loose, exfoliated bark. The neonate larvae mine through the outer bark and feed in the nutri- tious inner bark, cambium, and outer layers of xylem (Hanks et al., 1993). -
Temperature and the Life Cycle of Heterodera Zeae 1
Journal of Nematology 22(3):414-417. 1990. © The Society of Nematologists 1990. Temperature and the Life Cycle of Heterodera zeae 1 PAULA A. HUTZELL AND LORIN R. KRUSBERG2 Abstract: Development of the corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae, was studied in growth chambers at 20, 25, 29, 33, and 36 -+ 1 C on Zea mays cv. Pioneer 3184. The optimum temperature for reproduction appeared to be 33 C, at which the life cycle, from second-stage juvenile (]2) to J2, was completed in 15-18 days; at 36 C, 19-20 days were required. Juveniles emerged from eggs within 28 days at 29 C and after 42 days at 25 C. Although J2 were present within eggs after 63 days at 20 C, emergence was not observed up to 99 days after inoculation. Female nematodes produced fewer eggs at 20 C than at higher temperatures. Key words: corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae, life cycle, temperature. The corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae H. zeae, including the influence of temper- Koshy, Swarup & Sethi, was first described ature on its life cycle. from corn, Zea mays L., in India in 1970, where it is widespread in most corn-grow- MATERIALS AND METHODS ing areas and is considered to pose an eco- Cultures of H. zeae were initially estab- nomic threat to corn production (4,5). Het- lished on Zea mays cv. Pioneer 3184 in the erodera zeae was subsequently detected in greenhouse as previously described (3). several agricultural regions of Egypt (Otei- Cysts from these cultures were the source fa, unpubl.) and in Pakistan (8). -
Scyphophorus Yuccae) in a Flowering Field of Yucca Whipplei
Great Basin Naturalist Volume 57 Number 1 Article 4 3-7-1997 Dispersal characteristics of the yucca weevil (Scyphophorus yuccae) in a flowering field of Yucca whipplei Travis E. Huxman California State University, San Bernardino Kimberly A. Huxman California State University, San Bernardino Marc R. Stamer California State University, San Bernardino Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Huxman, Travis E.; Huxman, Kimberly A.; and Stamer, Marc R. (1997) "Dispersal characteristics of the yucca weevil (Scyphophorus yuccae) in a flowering field of Yucca whipplei," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 57 : No. 1 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol57/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Great Basin Naturalist 57(1), © 1997, pp. 38-43 DISPERSAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE YUCCA WEEVIL (SCYPHOPHORUS YUCCAE) IN A FLOWERING FIELD OF YUCCA WHIPFLEI Travis E. HuxmanI ,2, Kimberly A. Huxman1,2, and Marc R. Stamerl ABSTHhcT.-Dispersal charactcristics wcre measured for a population of yucca weevils (Scyplwplwrus YUGcae) in a plot consisting of flowering and nonflowering Yucca whipplei. We compared weevil dispersal to yucca distribution, phe nology, and caudex temperature. We also compared weevil movement to wind patterns and time ofday. Captured weevils were marked and released into both flowering and nonflowering home plants in the field. Distance traveled, weevil flight direction, and tm'get plant characteristics were recorded.