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Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012
Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012 Jennifer E. Manning Information Research Specialist Colleen J. Shogan Deputy Director and Senior Specialist November 26, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL30261 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012 Summary Ninety-four women currently serve in the 112th Congress: 77 in the House (53 Democrats and 24 Republicans) and 17 in the Senate (12 Democrats and 5 Republicans). Ninety-two women were initially sworn in to the 112th Congress, two women Democratic House Members have since resigned, and four others have been elected. This number (94) is lower than the record number of 95 women who were initially elected to the 111th Congress. The first woman elected to Congress was Representative Jeannette Rankin (R-MT, 1917-1919, 1941-1943). The first woman to serve in the Senate was Rebecca Latimer Felton (D-GA). She was appointed in 1922 and served for only one day. A total of 278 women have served in Congress, 178 Democrats and 100 Republicans. Of these women, 239 (153 Democrats, 86 Republicans) have served only in the House of Representatives; 31 (19 Democrats, 12 Republicans) have served only in the Senate; and 8 (6 Democrats, 2 Republicans) have served in both houses. These figures include one non-voting Delegate each from Guam, Hawaii, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Currently serving Senator Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) holds the record for length of service by a woman in Congress with 35 years (10 of which were spent in the House). -
Appendix File Anes 1988‐1992 Merged Senate File
Version 03 Codebook ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ CODEBOOK APPENDIX FILE ANES 1988‐1992 MERGED SENATE FILE USER NOTE: Much of his file has been converted to electronic format via OCR scanning. As a result, the user is advised that some errors in character recognition may have resulted within the text. MASTER CODES: The following master codes follow in this order: PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE CAMPAIGN ISSUES MASTER CODES CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP CODE ELECTIVE OFFICE CODE RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE MASTER CODE SENATOR NAMES CODES CAMPAIGN MANAGERS AND POLLSTERS CAMPAIGN CONTENT CODES HOUSE CANDIDATES CANDIDATE CODES >> VII. MASTER CODES ‐ Survey Variables >> VII.A. Party/Candidate ('Likes/Dislikes') ? PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PEOPLE WITHIN PARTY 0001 Johnson 0002 Kennedy, John; JFK 0003 Kennedy, Robert; RFK 0004 Kennedy, Edward; "Ted" 0005 Kennedy, NA which 0006 Truman 0007 Roosevelt; "FDR" 0008 McGovern 0009 Carter 0010 Mondale 0011 McCarthy, Eugene 0012 Humphrey 0013 Muskie 0014 Dukakis, Michael 0015 Wallace 0016 Jackson, Jesse 0017 Clinton, Bill 0031 Eisenhower; Ike 0032 Nixon 0034 Rockefeller 0035 Reagan 0036 Ford 0037 Bush 0038 Connally 0039 Kissinger 0040 McCarthy, Joseph 0041 Buchanan, Pat 0051 Other national party figures (Senators, Congressman, etc.) 0052 Local party figures (city, state, etc.) 0053 Good/Young/Experienced leaders; like whole ticket 0054 Bad/Old/Inexperienced leaders; dislike whole ticket 0055 Reference to vice‐presidential candidate ? Make 0097 Other people within party reasons Card PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PARTY CHARACTERISTICS 0101 Traditional Democratic voter: always been a Democrat; just a Democrat; never been a Republican; just couldn't vote Republican 0102 Traditional Republican voter: always been a Republican; just a Republican; never been a Democrat; just couldn't vote Democratic 0111 Positive, personal, affective terms applied to party‐‐good/nice people; patriotic; etc. -
SH 141 Hart Building, Washington, DC 20510
T.b~_ g£eNEile~ i ~9(JtihJt~~~ons at the Robert J. Dole Archive and Special Collections, NeW:S I.l-01~-t;>~~.U~Jwith any questions or comments: http://dolearchive.ku BOB DOLE (R- Kansas) SH 141 Hart Building, Washington, D.C. 20510 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: BRENT BAHLER Friday, June 27, 1986 (202) 224-6521 KANSAS DELEGATIOH SEEKS AID POR DISPLACED WORKERS WASHINGTON, D.C. -- All seven members of Kansas' congressional delegation have signed a letter urging Secretary of Labor William Brock to support the state's request of aid for workers in the depressed oil and gas industry. Citing recent steep declines in crude oil prices and their dramatic impact on unemployment in Kansas, the delegation noted that "when coupled with the joblessness that has resulted from severally reduced revenues and business activity in agriculture, there are few readily available options fpr workers who have lost their jobs in the oil and gas industry. "Retraining and job search assistance will be essential in conducting a successful program to prevent long term unemployment among these workers. We feel that the circumstances surrounding this dramatic drop in job opportunities typify the kind of problem the dislocated workers program was meant to address," the delegation wrote. The letter went on to say that Kansas has put forth "a reasonable proposal" to offer much needed assistance and if the u.s. Department of Labor approves the request it will be "for the benefit of hundreds of Kansas workers." The letter was written and signed by Senators Bob Dole and 1 Nancy Kassebaum and Representatives Dan Glickman; Jan Meyers; Pat Roberts; Jim Slattery; and Bob Whittaker. -
The Long Red Thread How Democratic Dominance Gave Way to Republican Advantage in Us House of Representatives Elections, 1964
THE LONG RED THREAD HOW DEMOCRATIC DOMINANCE GAVE WAY TO REPUBLICAN ADVANTAGE IN U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ELECTIONS, 1964-2018 by Kyle Kondik A thesis submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Baltimore, Maryland September 2019 © 2019 Kyle Kondik All Rights Reserved Abstract This history of U.S. House elections from 1964-2018 examines how Democratic dominance in the House prior to 1994 gave way to a Republican advantage in the years following the GOP takeover. Nationalization, partisan realignment, and the reapportionment and redistricting of House seats all contributed to a House where Republicans do not necessarily always dominate, but in which they have had an edge more often than not. This work explores each House election cycle in the time period covered and also surveys academic and journalistic literature to identify key trends and takeaways from more than a half-century of U.S. House election results in the one person, one vote era. Advisor: Dorothea Wolfson Readers: Douglas Harris, Matt Laslo ii Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………....ii List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………..iv List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………..v Introduction: From Dark Blue to Light Red………………………………………………1 Data, Definitions, and Methodology………………………………………………………9 Chapter One: The Partisan Consequences of the Reapportionment Revolution in the United States House of Representatives, 1964-1974…………………………...…12 Chapter 2: The Roots of the Republican Revolution: -
The Anchor, Volume 63.10: March 1, 1951
Hope College Hope College Digital Commons The Anchor: 1951 The Anchor: 1950-1959 3-1-1951 The Anchor, Volume 63.10: March 1, 1951 Hope College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/anchor_1951 Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Repository citation: Hope College, "The Anchor, Volume 63.10: March 1, 1951" (1951). The Anchor: 1951. Paper 4. https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/anchor_1951/4 Published in: The Anchor, Volume 63, Issue 10, March 1, 1951. Copyright © 1951 Hope College, Holland, Michigan. This News Article is brought to you for free and open access by the The Anchor: 1950-1959 at Hope College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Anchor: 1951 by an authorized administrator of Hope College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HOPE CDil u // LXIII—IO Official Publication of the Students of Hope College at Holland Michigan March 1, 1951 FINAL //I/I / NIGHT PLANS ALL SET VanderJagt, Lumsden Wind Instruments Foreign Holidays Featured In First Are Planned For Eighth Annual All-College Sing Bring Fame To Hope All-Wind Festival '51 International Will Appear On Calendar Soon Hope's music-lovers and inter- What may be an unprecedented event in the history of Michigan Nite Celebration ested townspeople were in for a For eight years the All-College Sing has been one of the major Intercollegiate Speech League debate competition occurred last Satur- special treat when during the as- The Alcor Society is presenting events of the college calendar. This year it will be held on Friday day, February 24, at Michigan State College in East Lansing when two sembly hour, Tuesday, February a new and sensational International evening, March 9, at 7:30 in the chapel. -
Annual Women in Leadership Issue Annual Women in Leadership
BusinessSOUTHSIDE ExchangeA DAILY JOURNAL PUBLICATION SPRING 2020 Rosie Chambers Marla Clark BLUE COLLAR JOBSCheryl OUTLOOK Dobbs Kelsey Kasting ANNUAL WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP ISSUE ANNUAL WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP ISSUE PERMIT NO. 220 NO. PERMIT GREENFIELD, IN GREENFIELD, STANDARD PRESORTED DJ-35033581 The Indianapolis News (Indianapolis, Indiana) · 3 Feb 1995, Fri · Page 2 Downloaded on Feb 13, 2020 BusinessSOUTHSIDE Exchange SPRING 2020 I VOLUME 18 I NUMBER 1 HOOSIER WOMEN FIRSTS COPYRIGHT © DAILY JOURNAL, 2020 ALL RighTS RESERVED. People on the Move SUBSCRIPTIONS 4 22 SOUTHSidE BUSINESS EXCHANGE IS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY by THE DAILY JOURNAL. ThE MAGAZINE IS MAILED AT NO CHARGE TO BUSINESSES THROUghOUT GREATER JOHNSON COUNTY. 8 Corporate Chatter TO SUBSCRIBE, SEND YOUR NAME Clipped By: AND addRESS TO: DAILY JOURNAL, P.O. BOX 699, FRANKLIN, IN 46131 12 Women in Leadership AIM_EMMAeIL:d biiZ@aD_AIILYnJOURNAL.NETdiana Thu, EDFITOReb: A1M3Y MA, 2Y 736-2726020 [email protected] 22 Hoosier Women Firsts ADVERTISING: ChRIS COSNER 736-2750 [email protected] GRAPHIC DESIGN: ANNA pERLICH Southside Snapshot [email protected] 26 Copyright © 2020POSTM NewASTsEpR aSepNDe addrs.RcESSo mCHA.NG AESl lTO: R ights Reserved. DAILY JOURNAL, P.O. BOX 699, FRANKLIN, IN 46131 27 Leadership Johnson County workshops SOUTHSidE BUSINESS EXCHANGE IS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY AND diRECT MAILED ON THE fiNAL 28 Ribbon Cuttings DAY OF FEBRUARY (SpRING), MAY (SUMMER), ON THE COVER AUGUST (FALL) AND NOVEMBER (WINTER). Top row, from left: Rosie Cham- DEADLINES FOR EdiTORIAL CONTENT ARE THE fiRST OF THE MONTH IN whiCH THE MAGAZINE IS MAILED. bers, Marla Clark, bottom row: Cheryl Dobbs, Kelsey Kasting PHOTOS BY MARK FREELAND Southside Business Exchange | SPRING 2020 3 n Franklin College offices are located at has named Andrew 5255 E. -
Senator Dole FR: Kerry RE: Rob Portman Event
This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas http://dolearchives.ku.edu TO: Senator Dole FR: Kerry RE: Rob Portman Event *Event is a $1,000 a ticket luncheon. They are expecting an audience of about 15-20 paying guests, and 10 others--campaign staff, local VIP's, etc. *They have asked for you to speak for a few minutes on current issues like the budget, the deficit, and health care, and to take questions for a few minutes. Page 1 of 79 03 / 30 / 93 22:04 '5'561This document 2566 is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas 141002 http://dolearchives.ku.edu Rob Portman Rob Portman, 37, was born and raised in Cincinnati, in Ohio's Second Congressional District, where he lives with his wife, Jane. and their two sons, Jed, 3, and Will~ 1. He practices business law and is a partner with the Cincinnati law firm of Graydon, Head & Ritchey. Rob's second district mots run deep. His parents are Rob Portman Cincinnati area natives, and still reside and operate / ..·' I! J IT ~ • I : j their family business in the Second District. The family business his father started 32 years ago with four others is Portman Equipment Company headquartered in Blue Ash. Rob worked there growing up and continues to be very involved with the company. His mother was born and raised in Wa1Ten County, which 1s now part of the Second District. Portman first became interested in public service when he worked as a college student on the 1976 campaign of Cincinnati Congressman Bill Gradison, and later served as an intern on Crradison's staff. -
GPO-CRECB-1988-Pt17-5-3.Pdf
25026 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 22, 1988 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS H.R. 5233, THE MEDICAID QUAL ing payments for services provided in ICF's/ Revising Current Waiver Authority (Sec ITY SERVICES TO THE MEN MR with more than 15 beds. It does not re tion 102). Under the current "section 2176 TALLY RETARDED AMEND quire States to draw up and implement a 5- home and community-based services" waiver, Stat~s may, on a budget-neutral MENTS OF 1988 year plan for transferring individuals out of basis, provide habilitation services to the · large ICF's/MR into smaller residential set mentally retarded in designated areas tings. And it does not prohibit the Secretary within the State, if those individuals have HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN from setting minimum standards for the quality been discharged from a nursing facility or OF CALIFORNIA of community-based services paid for with ICF /MR. This section would delete the re Federal Medicaid funds. quirement that waiver beneficiaries must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In response to the great Member and public have been discharged from an institution. Thursday, September 22, 1988 interest in this issue, the Subcommittee on Quality Assurance for Community Habili Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, on August 11, I Health and the Environment will hold a hear tation Services (Section 103J. Directs the Secretary of HHS to develop, by January 1, introduced H.R. 5233, the Medicaid Quality ing on September 30, 1988, on this bill and on 1991, outcome-oriented instruments and Services to the Mentally Retarded Amend the Medicaid Home and Community Quality methods for evaluating and assuring the ments of 1988. -
Gendered Complications of Covid-19: Towards a Feminist Recovery Plan
Boston University School of Law Scholarly Commons at Boston University School of Law Faculty Scholarship Fall 2021 Gendered Complications of Covid-19: Towards a Feminist Recovery Plan Linda C. McClain Boston University School of Law Naomi Cahn University of Virginia Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Health Law and Policy Commons, and the Law and Gender Commons Recommended Citation Linda C. McClain & Naomi Cahn, Gendered Complications of Covid-19: Towards a Feminist Recovery Plan, 22 Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law 1 (2021). Available at: https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/faculty_scholarship/978 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons at Boston University School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons at Boston University School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLES GENDERED COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19: TOWARDS A FEMINIST RECOVERY PLAN NAOMI R. CAHN* AND LINDA C. MCCLAIN** ABSTRACT COVID-19 exposed the limitations in the current economic system on public and private support for gender equity and the intersecting impact of gender, race, and class in that lack of support. Women of color, particularly those who are Black, Latina, or Native American, were at the intersection of the inequities in the pandemic economy. The catalogue of COVID-19's impact covers all aspects of women's lives: work, family, education, health, reproduction, mental and physical well-being, and leisure. This Article argues that COVID-19 has complex implications for gender equality and gender equity as state and local governments, the federal government, and pri- vate actors focus on recovery plans. -
CONVERSATIONS MATTER Why Medicare (Unlike Medicaid and the Veterans Health Administration) Cannot Negotiate Prescription Drug Prices
Kari Gottfried POL 317: U.S. Health Policy & Politics CONVERSATIONS MATTER Why Medicare (Unlike Medicaid and the Veterans Health Administration) Cannot Negotiate Prescription Drug Prices Gottfried 1 Introduction & Background The national conversation around health care reform has been approached from many angles, but the general consensus is this: the United States is spending more on health care, and getting less in return, than any other comparable country.1 There are many reasons why this is the case, and health policy experts have been trying to get to the bottom of this problem for years. One case they make for astronomical health care costs is the rising price of prescription drugs.2 Both Democrats and Republicans have emerged as critics of this issue, placing the blame on the pharmaceutical industry and their powerful lobby.3 In a Congressional hearing last February, Senator Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio) challenged pharmaceutical executives, telling them, “We cannot continue to give Big Pharma the blank check that you have had to pay for high- priced prescription drugs.”4 Senator Cassidy (R-La.) argues that the burden should not be placed on the government to pay for these expensive drugs, since the cost eventually falls on taxpayers. He says “if the taxpayer is paying that money… it is almost as if the taxpayer has ‘stupid’ written on their face, which they should not. That is unfair.”5 However, legislators discount the role they have had in this crisis. Nearly one third of prescription drug spending is through the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit,6 but 1 In this paper, “comparable” or “similar” countries to the United States refers to countries that are a part of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD countries. -
A Complete Record of the President's Activities Was Not Available for the Daily Diary
Date: 03011975 Day: SATURDAY Timein: Timeout: Phone: Activity: A complete record of the President's activities was not available for the Daily Diary. Date: 03011975 Day: SATURDAY Timein: 10:00 Timeout: 10:03 Phone: P Activity: The President talked with Deputy Assistant for National Security Affairs, Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft. Date: 03021975 Day: SUNDAY Timein: Timeout: Phone: Activity: A completed record of the President's activities was not available for the Daily Diary. Date: 03021975 Day: SUNDAY Timein: 09:50 Timeout: 09:51 Phone: P Activity: The President talked with James E. Brown, Manager for Public and Customer Relations and Aerospace Group Executive for Thiokol Corporation, Promentory, Utah. Date: 03021975 Day: SUNDAY Timein: 09:51 Timeout: 09:52 Phone: P Activity: The President talked with his Personal Photographer, David H. Kennerly. Date: 03021975 Day: SUNDAY Timein: 17:10 Timeout: 17:34 Phone: R Activity: The President talked with Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger. Date: 03021975 Day: SUNDAY Timein: 18:35 Timeout: 18:37 Phone: Activity: The President motored from Aspen Lodge to the Camp David helipad. Date: 03021975 Day: SUNDAY Timein: 18:40 Timeout: 19:05 Phone: Activity: The President flew by helicopter from Camp David, Maryland to the South Grounds of the White House. For a list of passengers, see APPENDIX "A." APPENDIX A HELICOPTER PASSENGER MANIFEST FROM: Camp David, Maryland TO: South Grounds, White House March 2, 1975The President The First Lady Susan Ford Jack Ford James E. Brown, Manager for Public and Customer Relations and Aerospace Group Executive for Thiokol Corporation, Promontory, Utah Mrs. James E. -
EXTENSIONS of REMARKS January 21, 1987 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS
1796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 21, 1987 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS TABLE I.-SUMMARY OF REGULAR AND CONTINUING AP It is true that the omnibus appropriations bill REFORM PROPRIATIONS ACTS ENACTED AND VETOED: FISCAL was held up for some time over the threat of YEARS 1968-87 t a Presidential veto. Table 2 contains a Wash HON. TRENT LOTT ington Post summary of the administration's A Number of regular appropriations Number of and B lists of objectionable itel]ls in confer OF MISSISSIPPI acts: continuing ence. Initial appropriations Enacted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Fiscal Con - Enacted acts: TABLE 2.-0MB'S Deal-breakers year by after gress/ start of start of Total Wednesday, January 21, 1987 session Vetoed (By Cass Peterson and Judith Havemann) the the enacted Enacted Vetoed fiscal fiscal A LIST Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, today I am introduc year year ing the Appropriations Process Reform 1. House defense spending: The White Amendments of 1987, a resolution amending 1968 ... 90-1 I 12 13 House wants the Senate's $277 billion, not House rules to provide for a more managea 1969 90- 2 I 12 13 the House's $264 billion. 1970 91 - 1 0 13 13 ble, understandable, and accountable yearend 2. House Strategic Defense Initiative 1971... 91 - 2 0 12 12 budget: The Senate's $3.4 billion for SDI appropriations process. 1972 .. 92-1 0 13 13 1973 ... 92 - 2 0 11 11 spending won't draw a veto; the House's $2.8 Mr. Speaker, I have no doubt that we can 1974..