Seafood NEW ZEALAND APRIL 2016 • VOLUME 25 • NO.2 APRIL 2016 • VOLUME

From a life of fi shing to fi ne art p 28

Cover: One fi sh, two fi sh: science and the QMS p 22

Top of the South showcases seafood riches p 31 Your biggest catch could be your worst nightmare

On the sea floor of Cook Strait, 350,000-volt Severe Penalties apply – don’t jeopardise power cables and fibre optic cables link the your livelihood North and South Islands, delivering essential Under the law, any vessel of any size, fishing electricity and communication to households or anchoring in the CPZ may be subject to and businesses throughout New Zealand. significant legal penalties. These sanctions At Transpower, it’s our job to keep this energy cover any equipment that may be used for fishing and communication flowing over land and or anchoring deployed over the side of a vessel under sea. That’s why we have a vital interest in the CPZ. in the protection of our undersea cables from Penalties apply to both the master and vessel damage caused by fishing and anchoring in owner, including fines up to $100,000 for fishing the Cook Strait Cable Protection Zone. or anchoring, and up to $250,000 for damaging As a maritime professional, fishing in the a submarine cable. In addition the Court may Cook Strait area, the safety of our country’s order forfeiture of the vessel and Transpower may critical power and telecommunications take legal action to recover repair costs, which connections is literally in your hands. could exceed $30–$40 million. Respect the Cable Protection Zone (CPZ) Don’t take chances. Refer to the publication Cook Strait Submarine Cable Protection Zone. If you are fishing or anchoring near the CPZ, This is located on the Transpower website know your exact location by checking the www.transpower.co.nz relevant charts. These include: NZ 463, NZ 6212 and NZ 615. Alternatively contact 0800 THE GRID or 0800 843 4743. Should you snag your anchor or fishing equipment on a cable, do not try to free it. Instead, record your position, abandon your Catch fish... gear and advise Transpower’s patrol vessel (“Seapatroller”, Channel 16 or cellphone not cables 0274-442-288) or Transpower of the situation immediately.

www.transpower.co.nz CONTENTS

FEATURES 05 New Zealand fi sheries 22 Cover: One fi sh, two fi sh: 33 among the world’s top science and the QMS fi ve REGULARS 16 Help for bereaved fi shing 28 Salt of the Ocean: From a families life of fi shing to fi ne art 18 The importance and 31 Event: Top of the South impact of the Law of showcases seafood riches the Sea 33 Recipe 28

22 COVER STORY

XX

Specialist Fisheries, Maritime & Resource Management Lawyers

Don Turley Tim Jeffcott Hamish Fletcher LLB LLB BA LLB Resource Management Litigation/Maritime Fisheries/Maritime Mobile 021 064 5611 Mobile 027 552 2434 Mobile 027 220 5122 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Principal Principal Partner Hamish.Fletcher Lawyers Montgomery House, 2nd Floor, 190 Trafalgar Street, Nelson 7010. PO Box 1673, Nelson 7040, New Zealand

T: 03 539 0210. F: 03 539 0215

Cover image Snapper. Image Dave Allen NIWA. Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 3 EDITORIALS

Published by Seafood New Zealand Ltd.

Postal Address: PO Box 297 Wellington From the New Zealand Physical Address: Chief Executive Level 6 Eagle Technology House 135 Victoria Street The seafood industry supports Wellington Phone: +64 (0)4 385 4005 measures to protect marine diversity. www.seafoodnewzealand.org.nz The health of the aquatic environment is the cornerstone of our business. However, the Government’s attempts to cement such protection in legislation is fl awed. ISSN 1172-4633 Submissions on the Marine Editorial enquiries: Protected Areas Act consultation Email: [email protected] document closed in mid-March, with just about all interested parties Advertising enquiries: agreeing the Government is not going Karen Olver about extending marine protection in Phone: +64 (0)4 802 1513 [email protected] the right way. Environmental groups – Forest & Bird, Environmental Defence Society, Subscriptions: World Wildlife Fund, Pew – are particularly critical of the government’s decision Seafood New Zealand is published for the to ignore marine protection in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). New Zealand seafood industry. It is also How can you protect marine biodiversity if the vast area from the 12-mile available on subscription in New Zealand and overseas. Subscription rates are available on territorial sea boundary to the 200-mile extent of New Zealand waters is request. Seafood New Zealand is produced bi- excluded, they ask. monthly (six issues per annum). Many in the seafood sector are asking a similar question, and why the Benthic Protection Areas, initiated by the fi shing industry and recognised by General: statute, that protect 29 percent of the EEZ were not given due weight. The reproduction of articles and materials The seafood industry is asking for a further round of engagement following published in Seafood New Zealand, in whole or in part, is permitted provided the source and the submissions cut-off prior to the drafting of the bill. author(s), as applicable, are acknowledged. A summary of industry concerns, drawing on the submission from the New Zealand Rock Lobster Council, the Paua Industry Council and Fisheries However, all photographic material is copyright Inshore New Zealand is contained in this issue. and written permission is required to reproduce Bill Mansfi eld, a New Zealander with a long record of working to protect the it in any shape or form. Contributions of a nature oceans, gives his overview of the development of our EEZ. relevant to the seafood industry are welcomed and industry participants are encouraged to New Zealand is a world leader in sustainable fi shing practices. This couldn’t contribute. Letters to the Editor should be be achieved without sound science. Our cover feature details NIWA’s valuable signed and carry the writers’ full names and work in ensuring we have sustainable fi sh stocks. addresses. Achieving social licence is critical to the ongoing success of our industry. Our second annual Nielsen survey of industry reputation shows a large majority Articles and information printed in Seafood New Zealand do not necessarily refl ect value the role the seafood industry plays in the economy. the opinions or formal position of Seafood And there’s lots more, including a fi sherman who captures his life at sea New Zealand Ltd unless otherwise indicated. through painting and a recipe to enjoy just one of our many delicious seafood varieties. All material published in Seafood New Zealand is done so with all due care as regards accuracy and factual content. The publishers and editorial staff, however, cannot accept responsibility for any inadvertent errors and omissions that may occur.

Tim Pankhurst Chief Executive

4 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 NEWS

Hilborn is the co-author of several He served as Chairman of Celebrating books including Overfi shing: what International Coalition of Fisheries 30 years of everyone needs to know” (with Ulrike Associations and works with the World Hilborn) in 2012, Quantitative Fisheries Bank on enhancing seafood supplies sustainable Stock Assessment (with Carl Waters) from developing nations. Connelly in 1992, and The Ecological Detective: serves on the Board of Trustees for seafood confronting models with data (with Marc the Marine Stewardship Council, the Mangel) in 1997 and has published global leader dedicated to promoting This year’s seafood industry over 200 peer reviewed articles. He has sustainable seafood choices. He also conference will have an impressive received the Volvo Environmental Prize, serves on the Board of Directors of the line-up of speakers and activities the American Fisheries Societies Award International Seafood Sustainability to mark the 30th anniversary of of Excellence, the Ecological Society of Foundation, a global group designed to New Zealand’s world-leading Quota America’s Sustainability Science Award help ensure the continued sustainability Management System. and the American Institute of Fisheries of tuna stocks. The one-day conference on Research Biologists Outstanding Registrations open in May. Keep Wednesday, August 31, at Wellington’s Achievement Award. checking our website www.seafood.org. Te Papa Tongarewa will be the industry’s John Connelly, who is an advocate nz for more information. chance to celebrate 30 years of for seafood on the world stage, became sustainable seafood and look forward to the President of the National Fisheries what’s ahead for the next 30 years. Institute in 2003. NFI is America’s Two high profi le keynote speakers of leading trade association advocating BRAT international standing will be addressing for the fi sh and seafood community, CELE ING the conference, Professor Ray Hilborn representing the fi sh and seafood NZ of the School of Aquatic and Fishery commerce chain — from “water to Sciences at the University of Washington table.” NFI lobbies Congress and specialises in resource management regulatory agencies, serves as the and conservation and John Connelly, seafood community’s spokesperson Seafood the President of the National Fisheries with the media, and provides technical SINCE 1986 Institute (NFI). advice to its members.

New Zealand ranks among the world’s Management System, and referred New Zealand top fi ve best managed fi sheries, to a global study he participated in fi sheries among Professor Ray Hilborn from the that looked at 28 of the largest fi shing University of Washington said on a countries around the world. The results, the world’s top visit to New Zealand in February. presented at the Seafood Summit 2016, showed that New Zealand came Hilborn, a Professor in the School in among the top fi ve countries with a fi ve of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences score of nine out of 10. specialises in resource management Asked if there was room for and conservation and has been visiting improvement with the QMS, Hilborn New Zealand in a professional capacity said New Zealand was lacking a marine since the early 1990s. fi shing recreational licence “that almost While his latest visit was a private every other country in the world has”. one, he took the time to meet local “This enables you to get a better academic colleagues and scientists idea of what the recreational catch is.” while he was here. He also appeared You can see the interview on National Radio’s Nine to Noon with him on our website at: www. programme. seafoodnewzealand.org.nz/media- Professor Ray Hilborn In a brief interview for this magazine, centre/dr-ray-hilborn/ he praised New Zealand’s Quota

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 5 NEWS

The new fi shing deckhand – change is the only constant Alec Woods

All of us in the fi shing industry are being affected by change and deckhands are no exception–so what’s new for them? SeaCert is the key word here. In 2009, Maritime New Zealand (MNZ) realised that the existing qualifi cations and operational limits framework were outdated, confusing and diffi cult to administer Alec Woods and began a round of stakeholder consultations and a review of seafarer need to be completing a sea service likely to be a relatively simple process qualifi cations and operational limits. record book as you build up seatime. involving attendance at an STCW-F All of your sea service must have been Basic Safety course (7 days), providing SeaCert was the result and central completed in the 10 years immediately a medical certifi cate and satisfactory to SeaCert is the measurement of before you apply for the certifi cate evidence of competence in the small competence – can you perform a given and you must have completed an number of topics which have come into set of tasks at each certifi cate level approved Training Record Book while the syllabus since April 2014. Some of and how do you demonstrate this? on board. The original version of this this learning can be done online, while The Seafarer Training Record Book for document needs to be presented to parts such as fi refi ghting will require you Advanced Deckhand – Fishing (ADH-F) the training provider or MNZ-approved to attend a course. is the document which sets out the tasks Maritime Examiner before you take Why have they gone and added more you must be able to perform in order to the oral exam. If you want to gain your stuff, you might ask. Well, times have gain, maintain and advance from ADH-F ADH-F certifi cate of profi ciency you changed – and continue to do so. MNZ level. should download the ADH-F guide wanted New Zealand to have quality This Training Record Book (or TRB) from the MNZ website at https://www. certifi cates which would demonstrate can be downloaded from the MNZ maritimenz.govt.nz/Publications-and- competency and knowledge and website at: https://www.maritimenz. forms/Commercial-operations/Seafarer- which refl ected changes in health and govt.nz/Publications-and-forms/ licensing/Advanced-Deckhand-Fishing- safety legislation and international Commercial-operations/Seafarer- ADH-F.pdf Your new certifi cate will be environmental concerns. Fishermen licensing/Seafarer-training-record- valid for 5 years. have asked for years why their tickets book-advanced-deckhand-fi shing. We started this article by talking were not internationally recognised pdf and must be completed before about change and in the world of the and this has now been addressed by the candidate attends a course or sits fi shing deckhand, there is now an “old additions to the ADH-F syllabus and the the oral exam for ADH-F. And whose world” and a “new world”. If you got requirement to complete STCW-F Basic responsibility is this? You’ve guessed it – your ADHF before 30 April 2014 (or Safety. New Zealand certifi cates are now yours! You demonstrate as part of your hold a QFDH), you are part of the “old STCW-compliant and align with STCW-F regular work that you can competently world” – these are referred to as “old” i.e. they will be STCW-F compliant perform each task in the TRB and your or “legacy” certifi cates. Maritime NZ is once New Zealand ratifi es the STCW-F skipper or senior crew member signs considering its approach to transitioning Convention (a process which is currently you off. these certifi cates and I’m told that in underway). The fi rst question most deckhands early April we can expect proposals for Are we better off now than we were ask is “Have I got enough seatime?” a rule change setting out options. There pre-SeaCert? Most of us fi nd change Under SeaCert rules you will need to will be a period of public consultation – annoying and time-wasting and are have completed at least six months sea and that’s an opportunity to have your much happier just carrying on the way service in a deck capacity aboard fi shing say. we always have done. But the fi shing vessels of 12m or more while voyaging For those who have been working at industry must change if it is to prosper beyond enclosed water limits so you sea and wish to move to ADH-F, this is in the future. We have a world-leading

6 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 NEWS

fi sheries management system in the QMS. Why should we Maritime Training also not have the best trained fi shermen? New Zealand is a bio-diversity “hotspot”. Not only are our fi sh stocks healthy or well on the way to recovery but these fi sh co-exist with a /FX;FBMBOE$FSUJÝDBUFJO'JTIJOH7FTTFM$SFXJOH -FWFM rich variety of seabirds and marine mammals. As fi shermen, This programme contributes to graduates obtaining their we need to be responsible custodians of our marine Maritime New Zealand licence: Advanced Deckhand - Fishing environment as well as being the benefi ciaries. 45$8#BTJD4BGFUZ5SBJOJOH EBZT The new ADH-F qualifi cation gives us the opportunity Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting, Personal Safety and Social to demonstrate that we are the responsible fi shermen that Responsibility, Personal Safety Techniques, Elementary First we say we are. Care of the catch has never been part of Aid, Seafarer Security Awareness ADH-F syllabus until now. This is surprising since the QMS 45$83FGSFTIFS5SBJOJOHBMTPBWBJMBCMF effectively limits what we are able to catch. Greater care of the catch and a better quality product is the best way to ensure a higher return to the vessel. Alignment to STCW-F makes the ADH-F ticket a portable qualifi cation which is recognised internationally. Most importantly, the Training Record Book puts the responsibility for getting ahead into the hands of the person who is going to benefi t the most – the deckhand. Alec Woods is a Nelson-based fi sheries trainer and adviser with a background in national and international fi sheries. iminz.ac.nz (03) 546 2477

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The ability to predict the future 2. Put in place a re-entry Steps to and set in place a plan that will take programme support staff the organisation forward to its desired One of the challenges with the outcome in today’s volatile environment seafood industry is the potential gap learning is a challenge. Just as important is between training and applying that investing in the organisation’s staff – training on the job, particularly for those Anna Cox, Primary ITO the people who will need to take that who may only work seasonally. volatility in their stride and execute the One solution is to apply re-entry How successfully a business plan. theory to complement the training. organisation navigates its way When the person is back in his or her through this age of business Steps to supporting an employee role have a coach or mentor work volatility, uncertainty, complexity and learning process with them at implementing what they ambiguity, almost certainly hinges learned. on a well trained and prepared 1. Align training with the strategic workforce that can cope with change. plan: 3. Use Standard Operating Professor of Business Administration, Once the company understands its Procedures to introduce new skills Darden Graduate School of Business, strategic direction, it can begin thinking Finding ways to incorporate training Ed Hess, told Inc. Magazine recently about what capability it will need to into everyday operations is always a that in today’s business environment… achieve its goals. This includes thinking challenge. “relentless improvement is key and that about your staff as they are now, as Make a commitment to incorporating requires learning. well as what their potential may be that training into the everyday job, and “I believe that over the next fi ve (everybody has potential for something), then assign a supervisor within the team years, learning will become the only and what needs to be done to achieve to lead the implementation of those sustainable competitive advantage for that potential. new skills. most businesses. Learning will not be Create a plan of activity, budget Make it part of their everyday job by optional. Businesses will either learn or for that activity (big or small) and put building it into your standard operating die. Period,” he wrote. meaning around the learning initiative procedures (SOPs), which your The need to support staff learning is for the people involved. Let your people supervisor can check on a daily basis. particularly desirable in the primary and know why you need them doing this It’s more important now than ever manufacturing sectors in New Zealand, training and what’s in it for them. Link before, to have a multi-skilled workforce where the annual people cost may often any learning, development or training that is adaptable, applies what they be on a par with investment in plant and opportunity to what that business unit have learned and makes that learning a machinery repair and maintenance. is measured on – this will help motivate part of everyday routine. them.

8 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 NEWS

service, but it required a combined Maritime NZ General Manager Industry industry effort to make the delivery Maritime Standards Sharyn Forsyth cooperation happen, Coastal Bulk Shipping general said safety remained the priority when manager Doug Smith said considering the exemption. averts “It’s been a great cooperative effort, “This was issued to the Anatoki only from Pacifi ca Shipping moving the after Maritime NZ was satisfi ed that Chathams empty containers from Auckland to this voyage, with this cargo, could be Lyttelton, Hilton Haulage then moving completed safely,” she said. diesel drought them to Timaru and providing space in Safety was also the focus when their yard to load them, Stark Brothers a change in the loading plan was A potentially disastrous diesel in Lyttelton assisting with a couple approved. drought on the Chatham Islands has of their ISO tanks and providing air It was originally proposed to carry been averted through a cooperative pumps and hoses, Timaru Container the containers stowed fore and aft but effort by transport industry operators Terminal working with us to receive the advice from Hilton Haulage and SGS and Maritime New Zealand. containers and load them, and Maritime Timaru was that the simplest way to Diesel supplies were delayed when NZ providing an exemption for the discharge the containers was via a hose the cargo vessel Southern Tiare lost Anatoki to carry diesel. through a port on the top side. This power off Banks Peninsula in early “It restores the faith a little bit that allowed the containers to be stowed March and had to be towed to Lyttelton. we are working in an industry that can athwartships – the safest option. Given the likely timeframe for repairs, all paddle in the same direction when Coastal Bulk Shipping’s vessel Anatoki is loaded a replacement vessel, Coastal Bulk required,” he said. in Timaru with diesel containers destined for Shipping’s Anatoki, was called into the Chatham Islands. Image Coastal Bulk Shipping.

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Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 9 NEWS

specifi c sector obligations such board. In the case of a small fi shing New Health as the Maritime Operator Safety operator, the PCBU and Offi cer may be and Safety at System (MOSS) and the same person. Accident Compensation The new Act also requires that Work Act takes Corporation (ACC) requirements workers be provided opportunities (if they are part of an ‘incentive’ to be involved in health and safety eff ect scheme). management and developing safety “You don’t need three different procedures and systems. Businesses The new Health and Safety at Work systems – develop one system that must: Act (HSWA) that came into force covers all of these requirements and engage with workers on health and on April 4 means there is now one meets your needs, and we will pick out safety matters and system for managing workplace the bits we want to assess.” have effective, on-going ways for health and safety across the whole “An operator’s current health and workers to participate in improving of New Zealand, says Maritime safety management plan may not meet health and safety in their operation. New Zealand General Manager of all the wider obligations under the Maritime Standards, Sharyn Forsyth. The requirement to engage with new HSWA, but the maritime sector workers is broad and workers must have The Act gives Maritime NZ has a head-start with MOSS and the reasonable and on-going opportunities responsibilities well beyond taking international and small domestic safety to improve health and safety. action when something goes wrong and systems,” Forsyth says. “When workers actively engage and will encourage closer relations between “Nearly half the 1600 or so everyone in the workplace shares their the fi shing sector and Maritime NZ when commercial maritime operators have knowledge and experience, better it comes to health and safety at work, been formally assessed under MOSS– decisions are made and the workplace is she says. and they will likely be well advanced healthier and safer,” says Forsyth. “As the regulator, we’re responsible in developing their safety systems Workers views on health and for helping operators understand how compared to some other businesses.” safety must be taken into account. to meet their obligations under the new Maritime Offi cers will align HSWA Suggestions don’t have to be adopted Act. We’re training 35 Maritime NZ staff inspections with MOSS audits. but the business should explain when to become warranted health and safety Operators won’t be charged extra for suggestions are not taken up. inspectors. Initially these inspectors any time spent on HSWA. How workers participate will vary will be very much focused on helping The new Act makes important depending on the type of operation operators to know what they need distinctions between workers, the and the people involved. The duty to to do, not wielding a big compliance business controlling the workplace and engage extends to any worker who is stick,” says Forsyth. senior leaders. directly affected by the operation even “This is very much an ‘assisted The business in control of a if they are not employees–for example a compliance’ model.” workplace is known as a ‘PCBU’–or self-employed electrician working on a The core objective under the the Person Conducting a Business ship must also be included in health and HSWA remains the same – companies or Undertaking. The PCBU is not safety matters. Maritime operators must operating safely by identifying and necessarily a ‘person’. Typically the communicate with all contractors and managing risks to ensure everyone gets PCBU is a business such as a maritime visitors about health and safety. home from work unharmed. operator or port company. If the “The goal is to get an approach Forsyth says that, unlike the majority workplace is controlled by a self- that works, rather than to impose any of land-based workplaces, maritime employed person such as a vessel particular system,” she says. operators need to approach a regulator owner or by a government agency then The Act and health and safety (Maritime NZ) for permission to operate they would be the PCBU. regulations set out requirements for – so they already have to show they Under the new law, senior leaders in health and safety representatives, have a health and safety plan in place. the business, known as ‘offi cers’, must work groups and health and safety She recommends that fi shing make sure that the PCBU meets health committees. operators have one comprehensive and safety requirements. An offi cer is Initial guidance on what is required health and safety management system usually a company director. In bigger under the new Act has been published that covers: enterprises offi cers are likely to be the on the Maritime New Zealand website. HSWA requirements chief executive and members of the More guidance will follow by June 30.

10 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 GET ON BOARD WITH THE NEW HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ACT

The new Health and Safety at Work Act came into effect on 4 April 2016. Maritime New Zealand is helping maritime commercial fishing operators understand and meet the new requirements.

FOR MORE INFORMATION

www.maritimenz.govt.nz/hswa www.worksafe.govt.nz for guidance on the new requirements and for general information on the new how they are being integrated with MOSS. Health and Safety at Work Act.

No¯ te rere moana Aotearoa NEWS

“We are excited to have Joseph Senior Business Consultant at Polson Former skipper join the Ngai Tahu Seafood team. His Higgs, CEO, New Zealand Institute of takes helm knowledge of and experience in the Management Southern Inc. industry – gained both in employment Previous directorships have of Ngai Tahu roles and as a director – will be a included Te Kawai Taumata, Economic huge asset. This, coupled with his Development Agencies of New Zealand, Seafood proven leadership ability and whanau deputy chair and board member, The connections to fi shing, makes him Canterbury Community Trust (ministerial a perfect fi t with our values and our appointment), member, Committee business,” says Ngai Tahu Seafood of Representatives for the review of Chair, Craig Ellison. the Māori Fisheries Settlement, Chair, “I am looking forward to working Chatham Islands Airport Ltd and with him to continue the good work Chatham Islands Ports Ltd, Director: happening in our fi shing company.” Chatham Islands Forestry Ltd, Chatham Thomas holds a number of Islands Management Ltd and Chatham directorships: Chair, Ngati Mutunga o Islands Quota Holdings Ltd. Wharekauri Asset Holding Company Ltd, Trustee, Ngati Mutunga o The new Chief Executive of Ngai Wharekauri Iwi Trust, Deputy Chair, West Tahu Seafood, Joseph Thomas (Ngati Coast District Health Board, Director, Mutunga o Wharekauri, Te Ati Awa), is Port Nicholson Fisheries General Partner no stranger to the seafood industry. Ltd and Koura Inc General Partner Ltd. Born and bred on the Chatham He was the 2000 Southern Regional Islands, his whanau have been in the and National NZIM/IBM New Zealand industry for many years. Young Executive of the Year and in 2002, Thomas began his working life as a the ICANZ Young Chartered Accountant crew member on board a rock lobster for the upper South Island region. vessel; and then became skipper before He holds a Bachelor of Management heading away to Waikato University in Studies majoring in accounting and 1988. He returned to the Chathams economics from the University of in 1991 to join the Chatham Islands Waikato, is a Chartered Accountant and Enterprise Trust where he spent 15 years an Associate Fellow of the New Zealand as CEO. Most recently Joseph was the Institute of Management Southern Inc. CEO of Development West Coast based His career has included roles as the in Greymouth. CEO, Chatham Islands Enterprise Trust,

12 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 NEWS

Primary Industries and three commercial Fishing the Tiaki way replaces Tiaki caught fi shing companies–Sanford, Sealord and traditional trawl nets with modular fi sh coming Aotearoa Fisheries. The programme harvesting systems, in which fi sh are costing $48 million, was launched brought on board alive, swimming in soon to in 2012, and is a 50:50 partnership water and in pristine condition. between Government and industry. The technology was developed by Auckland Fish caught using this method is a team of 14 scientists, led by Alistair tipped to be a big earner and marks a Jerrett, at crown research institute Plant Tiaki caught fi sh will be available in move by the three companies involved & Food Research. limited quantities in Auckland later towards value over volume. The team’s overall objective this year. Sealord CEO Steve Yung says is improved survivability rates for Consumers will also be able to trace capitalising on the demand domestically unintended catch. the fi sh using a traceability app, which and worldwide for premium seafood is “The best case scenario is always will allow them to see where their fi sh important for industry. release at depth, that juveniles are not came from and how it was caught. “The bulk of New Zealand’s fi sh is even brought on board. But equally Precision Seafood Harvesting, the exported so export is the lifeblood of important is increasing survivability rates revolutionary method of bringing live, industry here. for those that are.” Jerrett says. premium fi sh aboard was branded Tiaki “The quality of the Tiaki caught fi sh When used to harvest deepwater – meaning care or protection – at an is really going to give us the opportunity species such as alfonsino or hoki, the unveiling in Auckland on February 24. to set New Zealand apart from the rest new technology is reducing the damage Tiaki is the latest stage in the of the world and give us a competitive to the fi sh, increasing the quality and six-year Primary Growth Partnership advantage, particularly in the markets of adding signifi cant value to the catch. programme between the Ministry for Asia.”

Top and above: Tiaki caught trevally and snapper: Tiaki fi shing uses a modular harvesting system Tiaki logo: The name for the new brand, Tiaki, is that brings the fi sh, on-board alive and in pristine condition. a Maori word meaning to care and protect.

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 13 OBITUARY

Experienced seamen lost at sea off Fiordland By Rob Tipa

Two southern fi shermen who lost Breaksea Island and found the bodies their lives when their fi shing boat of the two men reasonably quickly, was wrecked near Breaksea Sound about an hour apart. in February were very experienced Taiaroa, a respected elder of seamen who knew the Fiordland the Otakou community on Otago coast well. Peninsula, started fi shing with his father Wiwi Taiaroa in the 1960s Teone Te Matenga (Marty) and later joined Otakou Fisheries, a Taiaroa (81) and James (Jim) David company established by his father Hansen (63) were old friends on a and uncle Rani Ellison in the 1940s. circumnavigation of the South Island Teone said his father spent most after tuna fi shing off the West Coast of his life crayfi shing on the West when the MV Marina was wrecked Coast and was often at sea for up to on Breaksea Island on their return to seven months at a time. Dunedin. In 1962 his father and his crew The pair left Otago Harbour on survived the loss of the fi shing vessel January 12, calling in to Akaroa and Rakoa, which sank under them in Port Underwood on their trip up the Nancy Sound. east coast of the South Island. When “It was before I was born,” he the boat developed mechanical Marty Taiaroa, who had offi cially retired from fi shing, said, “but I remember him telling me problems, they diverted to Picton but continued to fi sh up until his death at 81 years of he went down below to get some age on the West Coast in February. where they were delayed for two to meat out of the freezer and there Images Courtesy of Taiaroa and Hansen families. three weeks while the gearbox was was no water in the boat. By the rebuilt. time he found a couple of packets of They called into Nelson to refuel sausages, the water was up over his before heading for tuna fi shing knees.” grounds off Westport, but had little The boat sank so fast they only success. They called into Westport had time to grab a shotgun, launch for a week to dodge a weather the dinghy and jump in before it was system and then made their way gone. They were rescued by a boat down the West Coast to Anita Bay, from Nelson and taken to Milford near Milford Sound. Sound. The pair checked in with Bluff “He arrived out of the blue the Fishermen’s Radio from Anita Bay night before his brother’s wedding before continuing south around the and all he had was his thigh Fiordland coast. gumboots. All his clothes were on the “It’s too early to speculate what boat.” happened but the weather was foul, Teone said his father had a healthy visibility was horrible,” Marty Taiaroa’s respect for the sea and knew the son Teone, a fi sherman from Otakou, Fiordland coast well. said. “They were in the wrong place “He wasn’t a fool at sea, but he at the wrong time.” wasn’t scared of it either, because if “The entrance to that particular you get scared and panic you make shore off Breaksea is very rugged mistakes,” he said. with tall cliffs, boulders and huge “We tried to get him to give up seas,” he said. “It bares the brunt of fi shing but we pretty much couldn’t the weather off the Tasman.” keep him away from it. The more Crayfi shermen Ian Stewart, on Asti you tried to stop him, the more Kay from Bluff, and Spud Robson, on determined he was to do his own Jim Hansen, who served 12 years with the Royal Impulse II, from Jacksons Bay spotted thing.” New Zealand Navy, rising to the rank of Petty Offi cer. the wreckage of the Marina on

14 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 OBITUARY

We tried to get him to give up fi shing but we “ pretty much couldn’t keep him away from “ it. The more you tried to stop him, the more determined he was to do his own thing.

“He loved the life, loved Fiordland “He took no risks,” she said. He was and living on boats.” a keen fi sherman in both fresh or salt Mr Hansen joined the Royal water, tied his own trout fl ies and was New Zealand Navy in 1968 and was a looking forward to tuna fi shing on the very experienced navigator and seaman, West Coast. rising to the rank of Petty Offi cer during “His plan was to return to 12 years of service. Christchurch. He had been in Dunedin He travelled all over the Pacifi c and for several years to look after his was a witness on a New Zealand frigate parents. He was hoping to make some to French nuclear tests at Mururoa Atoll. reasonable money and buy a home in Mr Hansen’s wife Tonia said her Christchurch for his family.” husband was very safety conscious “He was a good man who loved his Three generations of the Taiaroa Family heading around the sea and had made pages of family and would do anything for them,” out to sea with Marty (centre). safety checks on the MV Marina before she said. their voyage.

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Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 15 NEWS

Logo Shipwreck Trust. Roger Beattie with a blue pearl.

quilt raised $1600. $500. This year he’s working on a Fishing She and her husband John from New wooden wishing well. community Plymouth are retired from fi shing but It can be diffi cult sometimes getting still regularly attend the Federation’s his works to conferences. helping conferences. They remain quota holders “One year I took a suitcase with and their son Robert has taken over the goods and ended up buying back my bereaved fi shing. own case!” “Both John and I think this is one of Roger Beattie spent 17 years on the fi shing families the best charities to donate to and I am sea diving and fi shing, mostly at the Debbie Hannan making something that I love making,” Chathams. she says. He’s now land-based and is Every year families of fi shers who Leigh commercial fi sher Dave Managing Director of Eyris Blue Pearls, have lost their lives at sea benefi t McIntosh says he can think of no better a division of Sea Right Investments. from the generosity of those who charity than the Shipwreck Society. He is also part owner of R&N Beattie participate in an auction in aid of He has been making items for sale Farming and is joint director of the New Zealand Shipwreck Welfare at the auction for about 26 years raising New Zealand Kelp with his wife Nicki. Trust at the New Zealand Federation thousands of dollars for the society over Having established his fi shing and of Commercial Fishermen’s annual that time. fi sheries investment company on diving conference. Clever and creative with his hands, he and sea urchin, Beattie has expanded has made a variety of objects over the Sea Rights Investments Ltd into Dave McIntosh, Roger Beattie and years ranging from wooden tankards, a quota management and aquaculture Jeanette Ansley regularly give items for ship’s lantern, a binnacle and compass, processing and export. sale at the auction. bread boards, pot stands and plastic fi sh For the past 10 years he has gifted Ansley’s exquisitely and intricately picks. blue pearl jewellery for the auction. crafted quilts have been commanding He describes Seine Boat Sally “The sea can be a dangerous place, big prices since she fi rst contributed a (pictured) as his “master piece”. Sally but has been good to me. This is a small quilt to the auction 10 years ago, raising was returned and sold again raising way I can help those who, through no well over $10,000 during that time. One

16 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 NEWS

Dave McIntosh Seine Boat Sally raised $500. Jeanette Ansley at work on this year’s quilt.

fault of their own, are put in a terrible Hundreds helped by Shipwreck managing trustee Bruce Collins. position,” he says. Trust The trust provides fi nancial assistance The auctions have attracted all sorts Previously known as the Shipwreck for initiatives to promote safety at sea. It of items over the years, from a lifesaver Relief Society, the Trust was founded provided 113 light weight life jackets to peppermint and an ice shovel brought in Dunedin in 1902 by the Mayor West Coat fi shers in response to the loss to the auction year after year, gaining James Park who wanted to move from of the Lady Anna in 2013. progressively higher amounts. Bidding is individual appeals to a permanent The Trust has strict criteria to meet. It spirited with lots of banter. shipwreck fund. does not make payments to families of The serious issue behind the light He could not have foreseen that recreational fi shers. hearted fun of the auctions became a more than a century later the fund he The Trust would struggle without the reality for one fi shing family as noted in established continues to help families of New Zealand Federation of Commercial the Trust’s offi cial history, For those in those lost at sea across the country. Fishermen, says Collins. Over the past Peril on the Sea: The name changed in the late 1990s 10 years it has given over $160,000 to “ One fi sherman’s widow from to the New Zealand Shipwreck Welfare the Trust. Castlepoint wrote to the Society Trust to meet the modern needs of a Other donations come from port after receiving help, that she and her charitable fund under the conditions companies and fi shing companies, but husband had attended the annual of the Charities Commission. The the bulk of the donations come from the fi shermen’s conferences–‘(we) enjoyed Trust is run by eight trustees, all with Federation. the fun of fund raising (but it) never a connection to the sea. Some are Anyone wanting to make a donation crossed my mind I would be a recipient.. commercial fi shers. to the Trust can do so through: It is not until you are in this situation Tragically, life at sea can be as The New Zealand Shipwreck Welfare that you realise how much red tape dangerous as it was 100 years ago. Over Trust there is and how long it takes to sort the past decade around 20 families have PO Box 92 out. The uncertainty of not knowing received $800 a month for nine months Dunedin 9054. what and when is a real worry.’ She had from the Trust. at fi rst declined any assistance but was “The families appreciate this support persuaded to accept it to help her son and it is often unexpected. It comes who took over the boat concerned.” at a time of grief and stress,” says the

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 17 FEATURE

The importance and impact of the Law of the Sea

Norway–tabled an infl uential paper by the terms of the Convention. that incorporated the concept of The Convention has proved its an EEZ. But that concept remained worth. I doubt it could ever be replaced highly contentious and the rights and or reconstructed. And in considering obligations within this new zone took future challenges it is critical that new Bill Mansfi eld most of the next decade to fi nally settle. measures should complement it and The Law of the Sea Convention Even more importantly for thereby strengthen its role as a linchpin is often taken for granted today. New Zealand and the Pacifi c islands in international peace and security Younger people especially, seem to there was fundamental disagreement and the benchmark against which the have the impression the 200 nautical on the question whether small islands international community judges all miles Exclusive Economic Zone could generate a 200 miles EEZ in claims and actions by states in relation (EEZ), for example, has been part of the same way as continental land to the oceans. international law more or less forever. territory. For example, the position of Current and future challenge include Nothing could be further from the the Organisation of African Unity was land based sources of pollution, the truth. that maritime spaces for islands should climate change implications for the be determined on the basis of their health of the oceans and the fi sheries Until mid-last century, the size, population and proximity to the food chain, biological resources on the international law of the sea was based principal territory of the state. seabed beyond national jurisdiction, on the concept of freedom of the high After nearly 10 years of negotiation seabird bycatch, appropriate marine seas beyond a narrow territorial sea of the Convention was adopted in 1982. protected areas, subsidies of ship- about the length of a cannon shot. But Looking back after more than 30 years building and fuel costs and the working by then many coastal states saw this the Convention can be seen as one conditions of fi shers. 300-year-old concept as enabling a few of the major ongoing contributions Perhaps the most pressing is that fi sh countries with large naval and fi shing to international peace and security stocks continue to decline worldwide. fl eets to exploit fi sheries and other accomplished last century. The causes are fairly well known and resources at great distances from their The outcome for New Zealand could have been for a long time. own shores and close to the coasts of hardly have been better. In terms of First, in relation to the lawful industry, other countries. Many coastal states resource rights the Convention not only Governments continue to fi nd it diffi cult responded by claiming wider areas of allowed us to use the small islands to in the face of industry pressure to sea under their sovereignty. A patchwork the north, east and south of the three set and enforce catch limits that are of claims emerged. These were not main islands as base points for our consistent with scientifi c advice on the recognised by the maritime powers EEZ, and thus double its size, but also status of the relevant stocks. and confl icts or the threat of confl icts enabled us successfully to claim rights In the case of stocks that in whole or increased dramatically, for example, the over our continental shelf beyond 200 part are managed by a regional fi sheries United Kingdom/Iceland cod wars nautical miles. management organisation an additional In the fi rst two attempts by the But the Convention puts obligations problem is that many require decisions United Nations (UN) to deal with this on us as to how we manage this to be taken by consensus. If consensus unstable situation in the 1958 and 1960 massively expanded area of jurisdiction is the only basis for decision taking Conferences on the Law of the Sea, and in particular preserves the rights it has the effect of providing every a proposal giving preferential fi shing of navigation and over fl ight of other member with a disguised veto and this rights to coastal states out to 12 miles states through this area. We too need can contribute to a failure to take the failed to be adopted by one vote. those rights to get products to and necessary tough decisions. Early in the fi rst session of the UN’s from the other side of the world and A second problem is illegal, third Conference on the Law of the need to remember that in respect of unregulated and unreported (IUU) Sea in 1974, New Zealand, along with our EEZ and continental shelf we and fi shing – the unlawful industry. IUU other coastal states–Canada, Chile, other states have a mix of rights and fi shing, which by some estimates may Iceland, India, Mauritius, Mexico and responsibilities that are strictly governed account for close to a third of the world’s

18 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 FEATURE

Looking back after more than 30 years the “ Convention can be seen as one of the major“ ongoing contributions to international peace and security accomplished last century.

catch, is the scourge of the cooperative The second initiative is the the international community towards the efforts of states to control the catches Government’s recently announced long-term survival of important marine of their legitimate fi shing companies. intention to create a fully protected resources. And it is fully in accord with It threatens the underlying justifi cation ocean sanctuary encompassing the EEZ the fundamental argument advanced by for the primacy of fl ag state control of around the Kermadec Islands. us forty years ago in support of the EEZ vessels as well as the integrity of coastal It was expected that, as part of their concept that, in the long run, coastal state jurisdiction. It needs to be stopped management regimes, RFMOs would states are more likely than distant water and it can be stopped if Governments establish refuges to allow for effective states to manage coastal fi sheries are serious about it. spawning and rebuilding of stocks, in resources in a sustainable way. On a more positive note two cooperation where appropriate with Footnote: initiatives by New Zealand are recent relevant coastal states. But for the most This article by Bill Mansfi eld is an refl ections of the active role we played part they have failed to live up to that abridged version of his presentation in the law of the sea negotiations on the importance and impact of and the arguments we made then for UNCLOs to a New Zealand Institute proper control of high seas fi sheries of International Affairs seminar on and for expanded coastal state New Zealand and the UN held to jurisdiction. mark the 70th anniversary of the The fi rst is one we began with UN and the contributions of three Australia and Chile nine years ago to former New Zealand diplomats, one establish the South Pacifi c Regional of whom (Malcolm Templeton) led Fisheries Management Organisation the New Zealand delegation to the (RFMO). This new RFMO fi lls a major UNCLOs negotiations. gap in the coverage of RFMOs. It is Mansfi eld was the fi rst Chair of headquartered in Wellington. It is the South Pacifi c Regional Fisheries now in its third year of operation and Management Organisation and its importance will grow as fi shing chaired the international negotiations pressure from the north increases. that led to its establishment. He served A key feature is its decision-making as Counsel for New Zealand in the procedures. They provide that, if Southern Bluefi n Tuna case and for a all efforts at consensus have been fi ve year term as a member of the UN exhausted, substantive decisions can International Law Commission. Prior be taken by qualifi ed majority. This to these roles he held senior positions rule is coupled with a unique and in New Zealand’s public service, careful limited objection procedure including as Director-General of the governed by strict time limits designed expectation. In the face of that failure, Department of Conservation, Deputy to ensure a clear and effective result and in the light of ongoing world-wide Secretary of the Department of Justice, is produced within the relevant fi shing over fi shing, countries like New Zealand and Head of the Legal Division of the year. that benefi tted most from the expansion Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The possibility of voting as a of coastal state jurisdiction under He was a member of the New Zealand last resort changes the negotiating UNCLOS have been encouraged to take delegation to all negotiating sessions dynamics and increases the pressures a lead and create some large areas as of the UN Conference that developed to achieve consensus. The possibility fi sheries refuges within their EEZs. the UNCLOs. He currently chairs the of a vote was an important element in The New Zealand Government’s Southern Seabird Solutions Trust. the background to the Commission’s decision has multi-party support consensus decision at its last meeting and demonstrates the concern of Above center: The New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone. Image NIWA. to place two vessels on the SPRFMO’s New Zealanders about the state of the IUU list. oceans. It is a signifi cant contribution to

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 19 FEATURE

Marine protected areas: managing risks or drawing lines on maps?

Nici Gibbs south coast marine environment. But effective protection. from what I’ve seen, the reserve has The submission also emphasises From our kitchen window I look out contributed to a net loss of ecosystem the need to manage the adverse to Taputeranga Marine Reserve on quality. Outside the reserve, biodiversity effects of fi shing effort that is displaced Wellington’s south coast. To the west values have declined as a result of from marine reserves or other MPAs. lies the reserve and, in the other displaced fi shing effort, and inside Around Taputeranga, displaced direction, a thicket of recreational the boundaries the main threats to fi shing has reduced the abundance of lobster pots, set nets, small fi shing biodiversity are not being actively surrounding fi sheries, particularly for boats and dive fl ags marks the managed. sessile species such as paua and rock reserve’s eastern boundary. The These, and similar observations lobster. If displaced fi shing effort isn’t Government’s recent proposals for a made by seafood industry members managed, it can eventually jeopardise new Marine Protected Areas (MPA) around the country, have informed the fi sheries sustainability. The submission Act have led me to contemplate combined response by the NZ Rock recommends that when an MPA whether the marine reserve has Lobster Industry Council, the Paua displaces fi shing, the affected fi sheries helped or harmed marine biodiversity Industry Council and Fisheries Inshore should be ‘rebalanced’ by cutting on the south coast. New Zealand to the Government’s commercial catch limits (and adjusting Back in the 1990s, the coast proposed MPA Act. The submission recreational bag limits) to remove supported a healthy, thriving fi shery. urges government to adopt an displaced catch and compensating My brother would dive out the back of integrated, risk-based approach to quota owners for their losses. Taputeranga Island, always bringing marine biodiversity protection, which Compensation is an essential home a decent feed of crayfi sh or recognises that MPAs are not always element of the solution because it helps paua. After the reserve was established the best way of protecting marine rebalance the economic incentives in 2008, all recreational fi shing biodiversity. that underpin the effective operation was displaced beyond the reserve This risk-based approach comprises of the quota management system. boundaries, together with commercial three logical steps. The fi rst is to Environment Minister Nick Smith argues fi shing for rock lobster and fi nfi sh. Most identify specifi c biodiversity protection that compensation shouldn’t be paid of the accessible coastline now lies objectives. For example, on Wellington’s because MPAs are measures taken for within the reserve, so recreational fi shing south coast seaweeds are unusually the purpose of ensuring sustainability. pressure is concentrated on just a few diverse (there are around 400 recorded That’s wrong – if fi shing is threatening remaining reefs. On calm weekends, species) and are critical to the marine the sustainability of marine biodiversity, these nearshore reefs are dense with ecosystem – so the objective might then controls should be put in place divers, boats and pots. As a result, paua, be to protect the integrity of seaweed under the Fisheries Act (after all, that’s rock lobster and fi nfi sh are increasingly habitats. The second step is to identify what it’s designed for), not the MPA Act. scarce beyond the edge of the reserve. specifi c threats to achieving the Marine biodiversity protection Meanwhile, inside the reserve, paua objective – in this case, terrestrial runoff, needs to complement and support and lobster are more abundant, as stormwater discharges and invasive New Zealand’s successful fi sheries you would expect, but fi nfi sh are not species. The third step is to identify how management regime, rather than particularly plentiful. The distinctive and the threats can be effectively managed undermining it. The seafood industry impressive seaweed biodiversity remains at the least cost – for example, coastal is not the only sector with serious at risk from stormwater drains which discharges can be cleaned up under the concerns – for instance, there is a broad discharge sediment-laden water into the Resource Management Act and Undaria consensus that recreational fi shing parks bays whenever it rains. Last time I dived can be removed under a pest control have no place in an MPA Act. Building in the reserve I noticed the invasive programme. on the widespread discomfort with the seaweed Undaria gaining a foothold. Looking at Wellington’s south Government’s proposals, the industry is As far as I know, no ‘before and after’ coast under this risk-based lens, it’s recommending a further opportunity for monitoring has been undertaken to clear that a marine reserve in which all public engagement on a revised set of assess whether the marine reserve fi shing is prohibited but no other risks proposals before a Bill is introduced to has improved the overall health of the are managed won’t provide the most Parliament.

20 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 21 COVER

One fi sh, two fi sh: science and the QMS What does it take to count all the fi sh in the sea? In the fi rst of a series of articles marking the 30th anniversary of the Quota Management System, we reveal how the fi shing industry, government and science work together on monitoring, assessing and predicting changes in New Zealand’s key fi sheries.

Hoki in the pound. Image Peter Marriott NIWA. COVER

Fisheries scientist Owen Anderson. Snapper. Image Dave Allen NIWA. Deploying the trawl. Image Peter Marriott NIWA. Image Dave Allen NIWA.

Susan Pepperell, NIWA

Every year Owen Anderson and his Anderson and his team analyse Their aim is to use the observer data to team of scientists devote several the catch records that come in from estimate, for each main target fi shery, months to counting fi sh. fi shing vessels and Ministry for Primary what proportion of the catch is bycatch Industries (MPI) observers, who currently (species caught in association with the At NIWA’s Greta Point campus observe about 25 per cent of the tows. target species) or discards. Total bycatch on the edge of Wellington Harbour, Each year they analyse one of the and discards are then estimated for they crunch the numbers gathered eight main deepwater fi sheries: orange the fi shery by scaling the ratios to total on fi shing vessels working throughout roughy, arrow squid, jack mackerel, reported catch by tow across the fl eet. New Zealand’s vast Exclusive Economic southern blue whiting, oreo, ling This is possible because the data Zone to fi nd out the fi ne detail about longline, scampi, and most recently, they analyse record catches of the key what’s going on in our fi sheries. the hoki, hake and ling trawl fi shery. species by each fi shing “event”, such as Their work contributes to one of the a trawl shot, along with details of depth, most crucial components of ensuring GPS position, time, and the type of gear effective fi sheries management–the used. need for accurate reporting of the The analyses show that observed amount of fi sh and invertebrates caught discard rates in deepwater fi sheries are and discarded by the industry. relatively low–for the most recent fi ve It is neither glamorous nor high years for each fi shery analysed, they profi le, but it is a key component of averaged about 4.1 per cent across the an industry that earned about $1.63 hoki, hake, ling, oreo, orange roughy, billion in export earnings last year. The scampi, and squid fi sheries combined statistical modelling and data analysis (and were about 7% for fi sheries carried out by NIWA is vital to the analysed since 1991). ongoing sustainability of our fi sheries. Meanwhile, catch recording in New Zealand’s comprehensive inshore fi sheries has undergone a major catch, effort and landings data for all revolution in the last decade with the commercial fi sheries provide a rich introduction of fi shing event reporting source of information for fi sheries in 2007 for vessels 6-28m long–similar to management. what has been provided for deepwater The system is largely based around a fi sheries for decades. NIWA Fisheries series of paper forms that track catches Chief Scientist, Dr Rosemary Hurst, says from fi shing through to landing, and “the current fi ne scale catch reporting ultimately allow validation of the harvest for most of New Zealand’s fi sheries is returns that account for the use of now amongst the best in the world. quota.

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 23

COVER The current fi ne scale catch reporting“ for “ most of New Zealand’s fi sheries is now is amongst the best in the world.

It enables us to get a much better understanding of the factors affecting fi sh distribution and abundance, as well as commercial catch rates and fi shing patterns ”. Previously, inshore catch data were available only for much larger statistical areas and before that only at the port of landing. The independent verifi cation of fi shery data by the use of fi sheries observers has proved invaluable in deepwater fi sheries, but placing observers in inshore fi sheries has been more challenging. But technology may be able to provide a solution. In a number of inshore fi sheries, new video technology is proving to be a useful alternative to human observers. Trident Systems’ FishEye systems have used innovative 360° cameras, developed by Nelson’s Snap Information Technologies, to capture panoramic images that provide shore based “observers” with at least as good a view Fine scale reporting of the distribution of blue mackerel for the north east North Island purse of the fi shing operations as an at-sea seine fi shery. Previously, catch data were available only for much larger statistical areas. observer. In many cases the cameras can be placed to give a better view of the action than is possible from the deck. Future demands for fi sheries information will likely require validated data to be available rapidly, and see traceability extend to the seafood consumer. It’s likely that the focus of observer data (whether from humans or video systems) will shift to rapidly validating vessel data rather than providing a separate data source, so allowing fi sheries managers to rely on a single, integrated source of information.

Rosemary Hurst. Image Dave Allen NIWA.

24 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 COVER

Recreational fi shing – estimating the catch

Recreational fi shers are not required to report their catch, but knowing how many fi sh are caught is vital to the sustainable management of many inshore New Zealand fi sheries. About 600,000 people go fi shing in New Zealand, including 40,000 to 50,000 hardy enthusiasts. That’s a lot of people catching a lot of fi sh. In order to provide robust estimates of recreational harvests for MPI, NIWA and other researchers have developed and tested a suite of survey methods. These include aerial surveys, concurrent boat ramp surveys and national face-to- face household surveys followed up by regular telephone interviews. Boatramp interview. Image Helena Armiger NIWA. In 2011-12, NIWA, the National Research Bureau and Bluewater Marine Research conducted three independent surveys which were based on these fundamentally different methods. This included aerial surveys and boat ramp interviews on the northeastern coast of the North Island; a national household survey; and interviews with fi shers returning to all landing points in the western Bay of Plenty. These three methods produced remarkably similar results. MPI plans to repeat the two larger surveys every 5 years. Meanwhile, NIWA has also developed a cost-effective method of continuously monitoring trends for the intervening years, based on web cameras mounted at boat ramps to monitor boat traffi c and interviews with fi shers returning to the same ramps. The cameras record about one image each minute, around the clock. Scientists then view the images collected during a random sample of days, and count the number of boats. These traffi c counts are combined with interview based catch per trip data to estimate the harvest landed annually at Aerial boat surveys provide information on recreational fi shing. Image Bruce Hartill NIWA. each surveyed ramp.

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 25 Economic review of the seafood industry - to December 2015

Welcome to the latest update on the economic performance of New Zealand seafood. This edition provides provisional data for the full year to December 2015.

KEY RESULTS FOR 2015: Ŕ
Seafood exports for the full year reached NZ$1,629m. Ŕ
Exports to China grew by 15 percent compared with 2014. Ŕ
Exports of fish, crustaceans and molluscs have grown by six percent compared with the same period in 2014. Ŕ
Salmon exports have grown by 34 percent compared with the same time in 2014. Ŕ
Orange roughy exports have grown by 30 percent compared with the same time in 2014. Ŕ
Exports of rock lobster continue to grow, up 12 percent on 2014.

EXPORT STATISTICS

EXPORT NZ$FOB* EXPORT TONNES All figures in this section are based on export data provided by Finfish species accounted for 82 percent of export volume with Statistics New Zealand and analysed by Seafood New Zealand shellfish accounting for 16 percent. Rock lobster and other for the whole of 2015. crustacea make up a small proportion of export volume but contribute a significant percentage of the total export value. Seafood exports to the end of December 2015 totalled NZ$1,629m with more than 289,911 tonnes exported.

Export value (2015) = NZ$1,629m Export volume (2015) = 289,911 tonnes

$386m 50,690

SHELLFISH SHELLFISH

FIGURES QUOTED FIGURES QUOTED $37m ARE IN 2,361 ARE IN NZ$ TONNES OTHER CRUSTACEANS OTHER CRUSTACEANS

$268m

ROCK 2,633 LOBSTER $846m 236,715

ROCK FINFISH LOBSTER FINFISH

Source: Export data, Statistics New Zealand, Seafood New Zealand. * FOB = Free on board. The value of export goods, including raw material, processing, packaging, storage and transportation up to the point prior to loading on board ship. EXPORTS BY COUNTRY China, Australia and the United States maintain the top three 9 positions as our key seafood export partners. Exports to 8 3 6 4 China continue to rise, up 15 percent on 2014. Australia have 7 1 5 decreased slightly over 2014, down two percent. 10 The graph below shows diversity in the mix of products for the top five1 export countries. Rock Lobster continues to be the 2 leading product exported to China with Australia and Japan favouring finfish.

TOP 10 EXPORT VALUES (NZ$) 2014 2015 % Change Composition of exports to Top 5 Trading Partners - Full year to December 2015 1 China $449m $516m 15 100% 2 6% 6% 8% 2% Australia $228m $224m -2 2% 15% 14% 2% 11% 11% 28% 6% 2% 2% 3 United States $178m $200m 12 80% 46% 50% 4 38% Japan $100m $104m 4 60% 56%56% 19%

$m 1% 5 82% 85% Hong Kong $68m $69m 1 2% 85% 40% 83% 18% 6 South Korea $42m $47m 12 47% 7 20% 47% 35% Spain $37m $42m 14 35% 35% 8 France $36m $33m 8

China Australia US Japan Hong 9 Germany $26m $29m 12 Kong 10 Thailand $35m $26m -26 Finfish Rock lobster Other crustaceans Shellfish

EXPORTS BY SPECIES EXPORTS OF MAIN COMMODITIES There have been major increases in exports of orange roughy Exports of primary processed fish, crustaceans and molluscs and salmon, up 30 percent and 34 percent respectively on totalled $1,452m for 2015, an increase of six percent compared with 2014. Paua has also moved back into the top 10 export species. the same period in 2014. Mussel exports continue to fall, down 13 percent but are still above levels for 2013. Overall there was a two percent decrease in the export earnings of all New Zealand’s commodities.

NZ EXPORTS OF MAIN 2014 2015 % Change TOP 10 EXPORT VALUES (NZ$) 2014 2015 % Change COMMODITIES (NZ$)

Rock lobster $268m $305m 12 Milk powder, butter & cheese 14,511m 11,525m -21 Mussels $253m $224m -13 Meat & edible offal 5,930m 6,826m 15 Hoki $205m $209m 2 Logs, wood & Jack mackerel $71m $64m -11 wood articles 3,668m 3,519m -4

Orange roughy $37m $53m 30 Fruit 1,765m 2,304m 31 Ling $48m $48m 0 Mechanical machinery & 1,610m 1,702m 6 Salmon $31m $47m 34 equipment

Squid $43m $41m -5 Wine 1,351m 1,531m 14

Paua $36m $39m 8 Fish, crustaceans & molluscs 1,375m 1,452m 6 Crustaceans $31m $37m 16 & molluscs Total exports 50,075m 48,980 -2

Source: Export data, Statistics NZ. Source: Overseas merchandise trade, December 2015, Statistics NZ. 1Based on 2015 year to date export figures from Statistics NZ. SALT OF THE OCEAN

From a life of fi shing to fi ne art

Chris Carey

Getting an education was the farthest thing from Sean Chasland’s Mistake and Mason’s Bay.” Garwood’s mind; school was just somewhere to eat “Johnny was a scrawny looking guy but he’d been a your lunch for the young West Australian. professional boxer in his youth. Brian Hardcastle, another ‘Yorkie’ from Hull was relief Skipper and full of piss and wind. I remember him giving Johnny shit when we were berthing so Johnny puts his gloves on. Right he says! Well, Hardcastle was off! Johnny, he didn’t say much just spoke with his fi sts if he had to. Oh man it was so funny watching the interaction between them.” June 1981 reports of foreign charter vessels (FCVs) catching orange roughy were doing the rounds so Fletcher Management sent the Otago Challenge to ‘The Rise’ to rendezvous with their FCVs; to an area now known as the ‘Spawn Box’. Coincidentally, Glenn ‘Shorty’ Duggan on the Fifeshire was doing the very same to the west and while ‘Shorty’ is credited as the fi rst Kiwi to land roughy, Dunedin fi shermen disagree. Either way it is fair to say that the Fifeshire and Otago Challenge were the fi rst NZ vessels to catch orange roughy in NZ waters. Faith Hope and Pray: Sean Garwood. Garwood believes the success of the Otago Challenge and the Russians was the catalyst for Fletchers to buy the “The Fremantle cray fi shing industry was pretty much 87m Hull trawlers Otago Buccaneer and Otago Galliard, run by the mafi a back then and I’d wag school and go out arguably the biggest single investment in vessels by a with the Italians on day trips to Garden Island, Rottnest New Zealand company at that time. In 1982 he joined the Island and a place called ‘The Traps’.” Otago Galliard as a supernumerary 3rd Mate skippered by In 1978 a ship docked in Fremantle carrying the Ikawai, ‘Big’ George Kent. Tengawai and Galatea. “’Big’ George Kent was skipper, Trevor Burnett was “They were massive; we thought they were super relief skipper and Steve ‘Jacko’ Jackson 1st mate but trawlers and it put the local industry into a spin. And who Harry ‘The Hug’ Smith ran the show. I remember asking should be in Fremantle to deliver them to New Zealand him when he wanted me to jump on the boat. ‘That’s no’ a but Johnny Gay, Vick Hornby and Brian Kenton. I met fookin’ boat! It’s a ship’ and I thought I’m not arguing with Johnny and he offered me a job.” you mate. He was huge.” Garwood’s fi rst taste of fi shing in New Zealand was as “Those Pommie fi shermen were old school working a 15 year-old with Trevor Jackson on the Waihola chasing shifts of 18 hours on, six off. They’d stash their net kahawai off Kapiti after which he signed on as Deckboy mending knives under the brim of their ‘Yorkie’ caps with Geoff Pont on the Waipouri. Coincidentally, Johnny and always had a fag hanging out their mouths, the end Gay was waiting for the 34m freezer trawler Otago bouncing up and down as they talked. Baths, showers, Challenge to arrive. She was purpose built for Wrightson what were they? They would smoke like chimneys and NMA (later Fletcher Fishing Ltd) and that offer of a job argue like you wouldn’t believe, really going for it. ‘Cum was still there. an’ av’ a cuppa’ and all would be forgotten. And man, “I started as Deckboy then moved up to Deckhand when they were on fi sh they absolutely murdered it! We when I got my ticket. We fi shed around Stewart Island, fi lled her once in 21 days; 960 tonnes!”

28 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 SALT OF THE OCEAN

Sean Garwood, seafarer. Sean Garwood, painter. The Otago Galliard.

In 1983 going’s on elsewhere aroused his interest and Back in Fremantle, Sean hears of a Norwegian trawler Sean went prawning in the Gulf of Carpentaria which berthed in Albany so he heads down to ‘see what this he described as an absolute waste of time; crews so was all about’. A partnership between Marine Resources drugged up they hadn’t a clue what they were doing. Development of Melbourne and Longvatraal of Norway Questioning why he went in the fi rst place he arrived back was formed to explore the Indian Ocean, Australian in New Zealand and found work on Wattie’s FCV factory waters and the Tasman Sea area of the Challenger Plateau trawler Banshu Maru #8 but after a trip realised that it using the 57m John Longva. ‘wasn’t for him’. However the word on the street was “That’s when I met Helge Longva and I was taken Skeggs of Nelson had bought the 76m, 1534GT Cordella. aback about with how nice and how professional they “I bumped into Brian Hardcastle and within a week I were. They listened to advice and I guess because of my had tickets to Hull. The Cordella had just come off guard experience I was offered the job of Mate/relieving Skipper ship duties so she was painted bright red with Trinity alongside Egil Smenes.” House in white marked on her side. We arrived in Nelson The John Longva steamed westward to the Broken in January 1985.” Ridge in the SE Indian Ocean. Garwood describes Hardcastle as a brilliant fi sherman “We caught bugger all so came scurrying back. So and ship handler and the following three years as 1st where to next? A lot of money had been invested and Mate the most informative and impressionable until the they wanted results. It was May, the right time of year for jungle drums began beating again; reports of orange the Westpac Bank and the NW Challenger and a pretty roughy caught in the SW African hake fi shery had Sean sure thing so off we went.” looking to the Western horizon. In April 1988 a joint “We did very, very well. I believe we were the fi rst to venture partnership between New Fishing Australia and fi sh the NW Challenger; we opened that area up and we Pescanova of Spain using the vessels Sil and the Ribadeo had the place to ourselves for ages. The ‘Longva Tow’ and was formed to explore off SW Africa (Namibia) and South ‘Easy Street’; now that was a brilliant tow, the fi sh would Africa. Accepting the job as Fishing Master, Sean arrived come down in the afternoon and it was ‘fi ll yer boots’, that in Walvis Bay, Namibia. easy.” “We surveyed from Angola to Namibia but most bags In May 1989 the John Longva called into Nelson were between 1000 to 1500kgs; the best was a mere 8-10 for repairs caused quite a stir amongst New Zealand’s tonne.” fi shing fraternity who were impressed with the quality The second part of the survey covered the waters off of her build, level of technology, state-of-the-art factory South Africa using the Harvest Gardenia, a 45m Spanish but particularly the Brattvaag 1010 self-tensioning winch built wet fi sher belonging to Sea Harvest; a company system. based Saldanha Bay north of Cape Town. “Kiwis were looking for ships and Norwegians were “We found a hill on the Valdivia Bank, part of the South laying theirs up. I believe that visit was the catalyst that Atlantic Ridge with quite a bit of roughy but it didn’t last revolutionised New Zealand’s deep water fi shing industry, long; I think we got a couple of 15 tonne bags off it before particularly the hoki fi shery. When the Ottar Birting it dried up. We surveyed around the Cape of Good Hope began ‘cleaning up’ on hoki north of the Mernoo Bank but it was just black dory; truckloads of it and because everything went ballistic. The rest as they say is history.” they had hake quota to catch the roughy side of things In 1993 Austral Fisheries bought the 87m factory trawler was put on hold.” Sea Harvest. Renamed Austral Leader Sean accepted the Skippers job.

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 29 SALT OF THE OCEAN

“I’d never seen such a disgusting vessel in my life! While the sea was in Garwood’s blood, How were we going to fi sh this damned thing and why so too was painting. the hell did I leave the John Longva? Helge had said I was Greatly infl uenced by his father’s highly welcome back anytime and I had my bags packed ready successful painting career, he spent many to go.” hours sketching Fremantle’s rich maritime Three trips later Garwood was back with Helge this heritage and continuing to draw during his time on the Longva II out of Lyttelton. Sean describes hoki years at sea. fi shing as ‘fi shing with a shopping list’. Garwood came ashore in 2004 to “You pretty much know you’re going to get it and pursue a career as an artist and over the where to get it before the trip starts. With roughy you had past 12 years has established a name for absolutely no idea how the trip was going to pan out. It himself for his striking works capturing his was frustrating, exciting and so addictive.” love for the sea and ships. “I loved my time with Brian Hardcastle. He gave me the As part of Antarctica New Zealand’s freedom to make mistakes; you learned from them and artist programme, he visited Antarctica he never ever went off his head. I really respected him for sketching and photographing the huts of that. The South Africa thing was satisfying because you Scott’s and Shackleton’s in preparation for got the project done, but it wasn’t exciting. Working with a series of paintings. A sample of his works Helge and Egil and their absolute professionalism has had can be seen at www.seangarwood.co.nz a lasting effect on me.”

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30 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 EVENT

Nici Wickes, who stars in the TV show World Kitchen, used Regal King Salmon from the Marlborough Sounds. Image Richard Briggs, Marlborough wine and food festival 2016.

Top of the South showcases seafood riches

Marlborough seafood was centre Nici Wickes of New Zealand There was plenty of seafood stage at the Marlborough Wine and Woman’s Weekly and TV’s World to savour in the main fi eld as well, Food Festival in February, where Kitchen, used Regal King Salmon from including Diamond Shell Po’boy at everything from popcorn clams to the Marlborough Sounds in a smoked the popular Clam Shack, and freshly just-shucked oysters were showcased salmon bun, bound with a cucumber, shucked Kiwa Oysters, which won the to an audience of 8000. dill and yoghurt-mayo dressing, along the people’s choice award in the wine with a turmeric salmon dish. Meanwhile, and food match, married with Tohu Celebrity chefs whipped up divine Bradley Hornby, from Marlborough ‘Rewa’ Blanc de Blanc 2013. dishes in the Culinary Pavilion, with Peta restaurant Arbour, treated taste buds Marlborough woman Molly Wittig Mathias treating Greenshell mussels to to lemon cured salmon with smoked had three plates of the Ostrea chilensis the spices of a South Indian curry, and potatoes, crème fraiche, green apple oysters, which are farmed in the Michael Meredith, owner of degustation and radish. Marlborough Sounds. Her response was restaurant Meredith’s, cooking with simple: “They were delish.” Cloudy Bay Clams.

Nicola Mitchell tries a trio of freshly shucked Celebrity chef Peta Mathias fi nishes off a South Oyster shuckers Tipene Taylor-Love, left, and Kiwa Oysters. Image Sophie Preece. Indian mussel curry in the Culinary Pavilion at Robert Filipo worked hard to keep the wine the Marlborough Wine and Food Festival. festival punters happy. Image Sophie Preece. Image Sophie Preece.

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 31 Above: Mussels were the hero of the Havelock Mussel & Seafood Festival in late March, but they had plenty FUNDING of sidekicks for support. Marlborough4Fun’s Katrina Lange (centre) organises AVAILABLE the event with a festival committee, including Simon Gibb (left) and Debbie Stone (right). She said mussels would FORSEAFOODINDUSTRY always be at the heart of the RESEARCHPROJECTS event, which is in its 12th year, “but we also wanted to showcase other amazing seafood from the region”. FORINFORMATIONPLEASECONTACT Salmon and oysters farmed Mike Mandeno in the Marlborough Sounds were on show in the culinary General Manager, Seafood Innovations Ltd tent, along with wild Cloudy Mobile +64 21 548 330 • DDI +64 4 801 4695 Bay Clams, scampi and [email protected] other seafood. Celebrity chef www.seafoodinnovations.co.nz Michael Van de Elzen paired fabulous dishes with stunning local wine and beer while the audience listened to headline act Anika Moa. A marvellous day for meaty molluscs.

Images Havelock Mussel & Seafood Festival.

32 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 RECIPE

Grilled Mussels with Parmesan & Parsley

The Greenshell™ Mussel is a local delicacy that has been the star of the Havelock Mussel & Seafood Festival for the last 12 years. This delicious Italian-styled recipe, from The New Zealand Seafood Cookbook, does full justice to one of our favourite bivalves.

Cooking time: 35 mins Method Ingredients 1. Preheat grill. 1kg medium Greenshell™ Mussels 2. Place water or wine into a large pot and, with lid on, bring to a rapid 100mls water or white wine boil. 50g butter 3. Wash and clean mussels, removing beards. 50mls olive oil 2 tbsps fl at leaf parsley, fi nely chopped 4. Add mussels to boiling water and boil for 5 minutes or until the 2 cloves garlic, fi nely chopped mussels open. Discard any mussels that do not open. Sea salt and ground pepper to taste 5. Place mussels onto a baking tray and allow to cool a little before 100g Parmesan cheese, fi nely grated removing and discarding top shells. Release each mussel from its shell, remove chewy mussel centres and place back into shell–this makes them easy to eat. Set to one side. Photo credit: An image from The New Zealand Seafood Cookbook. 6. Melt butter in a saucepan and mix in oil, parsley, garlic, and Text by Auckland Seafood School and contributing seasoning. chefs; with food photography by Sean Shadbolt. 7. Place a spoonful of the mixture over each mussel, sprinkle with Published by Penguin Group NZ. ©Auckland parmesan and place under the grill for a couple of minutes. Seafood School, 2009. 8. Allow to cool before eating as they do tend to burn lips. A very tasty starter–best enjoyed with friends around the barbecue!

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 33 FEATURE

New Zealand seafood industry reputation ranks highly

Debbie Hannan

A large majority of New Zealanders value the role the the facts for the public to make up its own mind. This all helps seafood industry plays in the economy, with most people to maintain and build on public trust and confi dence in us.” having good things to say about the industry, a survey The survey shows that the strengths of the industry are that released in February shows. it provides New Zealand with access to fresh seafood and that it produces a high quality and healthy product. Seafood New Zealand fi rst commissioned Nielsen, a Three out of four people have something good to say research company, to conduct the survey in late 2014. A follow- about the industry with four main unprompted themes: up online survey with 1002 people late last year confi rmed the previous year’s results that 70 per cent of New Zealanders rate Fresh fi sh/water (12 per cent) the seafood industry as “extremely” or “very” important to the Quality product (9 per cent) economy and 74 per cent believe its reputation to be positive. Sustainability (8 per cent) The seafood industry’s reputation ranks second to wine Produces jobs for New Zealand workers (7 per cent) when compared with other sectors. More than two thirds (77 per cent) believe the seafood industry produces healthy food, 70 per cent say it makes a signifi cant contribution to the New Zealand economy 57 per cent say it makes a positive contribution to peoples’ health and wellbeing and 47 per cent believes it harvests food in a sustainable way. Sustainability Perceptions around sustainability have improved slightly over the past year, with fewer people disagreeing that the industry harvests sustainably (17 per cent) compared with the previous year (21 per cent). And asked for their perceptions around “What is particularly pleasing is that twice as many people the industry’s commitment to sustainable fi shing practices believe that the reputation of the seafood industry has only 13 per cent disagreed that industry works hard to ensure improved over the past 12 months, than those that believe it fi sh and shellfi sh resources are maintained compared with 16 has deteriorated,” says Chief Executive Tim Pankhurst. per cent in 2014, and a previous industry survey in 2002 which For the quarter of the respondents who feel the seafood showed 26 per cent disagreed that industry made every effort industry’s reputation has improved mentioned a perception to ensure marine resources are maintained. of more positive reporting generally, a more sustainable There was also an increase in those who understand that focus and/or outlook and better legislation. Themes that New Zealand has been twice ranked the most sustainably came through more prominently in 2015 than in 2014 were managed fi shery in the world (18 per cent, compared with improvements/developments in fi shing methods and the 14 per cent in 2014). quality/freshness of seafood. The Quota Management System (QMS) and fi sheries “Achieving social licence and the right to operate is critical legislation, genuine commitment and concern and research to the ongoing success of our industry, Pankhurst says. and better fi shing methods reassure the public about “Industry takes this very seriously and in this past year there sustainable fi shing practices. have been several good examples of industry responding to Knowledge of the QMS is high with close to two thirds negative media in a clear and transparent manner, explaining

34 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 FEATURE

of respondents understanding that the New Zealand fi shing elsewhere in the world can lead the public, particularly industry is controlled by the QMS and more than half through ill-informed social media campaigns, to believe understanding that there is an annual catch entitlement under New Zealand is no different. We need to continue to tell this system. our story and reassure all New Zealanders that our fi sheries The themes emerging from the 17 per cent who disagreed management system is one of the best in the world, ensuring that the industry harvests sustainably included dumping/ our fi sheries will remain healthy for generations to come.” waste, declining fi sh numbers and overfi shing/exceeding quota. Damage to sea life and the environment by commercial fi shers, including the impact of nets on dolphins and other sea life and bottom trawling were also concerns. Key facts at a glance Sixty one percent believe the responsibility for sustainable fi shing should be shared by commercial and recreational fi shers – a similar result to the previous year (59 per cent). of New Zealanders rate the seafood Information sources industry as “extremely” or “very Asked where they sourced their information most said it 70% important” to the economy came from traditional media.

believe the industry has a positive 74% reputation

TWICE AS MANY PEOPLE believe the industry’s reputation has improved over the past 12 months than those who believe it has deteriorated.

believe the industry harvests 47% sustainably

believe the responsibility for The Ministry for Primary Industries, Department of sustainable fi shing should be equally Conservation and Seafood New Zealand were ranked as the 61% shared between commercial and three most credible sources of information. recreational fi shers The survey has provided rich information to better understand the public’s perceptions of the seafood industry, says Pankhurst. THE SEAFOOD INDUSTRY’S REPUTATION RANKS “While it shows most New Zealanders value the industry, SECOND when compared to other primary industries within it also shows us areas where we need to provide more New Zealand, just behind wine and ahead of dairy. information to dispel misperceptions. “Fishing is a global industry. Poor fi shing practices

Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 35 CLASSIFIEDS

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36 | Seafood New Zealand | Volume 25 No. 2 CLASSIFIEDS

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Seafood New Zealand | April 2016 | 37

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