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National Geographic Traveler
an APPETITE for LAOS The complexity, grace, and taste of Luang Prabang unfurl one delicious bite at a time The Nam Ou river was once a major transport route, bringing people and produce from northern Laos to Luang Prabang. By Andrew Nelson Photographs by Ewen Bell 54 NATGEOTRAVEL.COM SOMETIMES Raise a spoonful of tom kha kai, a traditional Laotian coconut chicken A PORTAL soup, to your lips, and a tantalizing perfume of lemongrass, lime, and galangal wafts upward. Its scent is ISN’T A DOOR. sublime and earthy, hot and sour. The fragrant plume comes with a peppery kick. The sensation is vivid, somehow poignant, and utterly transporting. IT’S A BOWL The memory brings a smile as I stand in a line of passengers at Luang Prabang airport, in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. I’ve traveled OF SOUP. 9,000 miles to Southeast Asia inspired by Van Nolintha, a charismatic 32-year- old Laotian-American restaurateur in Raleigh, North Carolina, whose inventive renditions of his child- hood dishes from his native land have earned the acclaim of diners and food critics alike. Now I’ve come for a taste of the real thing. Upon leaving the airport, my first views of Laos are the Phou Thao and Phou Nang mountain ranges, which surround the ancient royal city of Luang Prabang like an embrace. The slopes are lush with trees that comb and catch the low-lying clouds. As I enter the city, a cluster of motorbikes overtakes my taxi, trailing fumes and impatience. A teenage girl, sitting sidesaddle in a Laotian silk tube skirt called a sinh, flashes past. -
Laos, Known As the “Land of a Million Elephants,” Is a Landlocked Country in Southeast Asia About the Size of Kansas
DO NOT COPY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF AUTHOR Simon J. Bronner, ed. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN FOLKLIFE. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2005. Rachelle H. Saltzman, Iowa Arts Council, Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs [email protected] LAO Laos, known as the “Land of a Million Elephants,” is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia about the size of Kansas. The elephant symbolizes the ancient kingdom of Lan Xang, and is sacred to the Lao people, who believe it will bring prosperity to their country. Bordered by China to the north, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, Thailand to the west, and Myanmar (formerly Burma) to the northwest, Laos is a rough and mountainous land interwoven with forests and plateaus. The Mekong River, which runs through the length of Laos and supplies water to the fertile plains of the river basin, is both symbolically and practically, the lifeline of the Lao people, who number nearly 6 million. According to Wayne Johnson, Chief for the Iowa Bureau of Refugee Services, and a former Peace Corps Volunteer, “the river has deep meaning for the ethnic Lao who are Buddhist because of the intrinsic connection of water with the Buddhist religion, a connection that does not exist for the portion of the population who are non-ethnically Lao and who are animists.” Formally known as the Kingdom of Laos, and now known as Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Laos was, in previous centuries, periodically independent and periodically part of the Khmer (Cambodian), Mongol, Vietnamese, and Thai (Siamese) empires. Lao, Thai, and Khmer (but not Vietnamese) share a common heritage evident today in similar religion, music, food, and dance traditions as well as language and dress. -
ED 206 7,6 AUTHOR V Understanding Laotian People
DOCU5ANT RESUME ED 206 7,6 OD 021 678 AUTHOR V Harmon, Roger E. and Culture. TITLE Understanding Laotian People, Language, Bilingual Education ResourceSeries. INSTITUTION Washington Office of the StateSuperintendent of Public Instruction, Olympia. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DREW)Washington, D.C. PUB.DATE (79) NOTE 38p. ERRS PRICE MF11/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *adjustment (to Environment): AsianHistory: Bilingual Education; Comparative Education;*Cultural Influences: Elementary SecondaryEducation; English (Second Language): *Laotians: *Refugees;*Second Language Instruction ABSTRACT This is a guide for teachersand administrators to familiarize them with the Laotianpeople, language and culture. The first section contains a brief geographyand history of Laos, a discussion of the ethnic and lingustic grpupsof Laos, and information on the economic andreligious life of these groups. Section two describes the Laotianrefugee experience and considers life in the some of the adjustmentsLaotians must make for their new United States. This section alsoexplains elements of the international, national and local supportsystems which assist Indochinese refugees. Sectionthree gives a brief history ofthe educational system in Laos, andthe implications for educational Suggestions for needs of Laotians nowresiding in the United States. working with Laotianp in'the schoolsand some potential problem areas of the are ale) covered. Thelast section presents an analysis Laotian language. Emphasis isplaced on the problems Laotianshave with English, -
Book Reviews ______
BOOK REVIEWS ______________________________________________ Martin Stuart-Fox1 Yves Goudineau and Michel Lorrillard, eds: Recherches nouvelles sur le Laos/New Research on Laos. Études thématiques 18. Vientiane, Paris: École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 2008. pp. 678. History and politics conspired over half a century to make social scientific research in Laos all but impossible. From the brief Japanese occupation and the end of the Second World War in 1945 until the early 1990s, war, hot and cold, revolution and political sensitivity curtailed research in archaeology and prehistory, anthropology and ethnography, sociology and cultural studies. Economics, linguistics and history fared a little better. Following the collapse of communism in the former Soviet Union and introduction of the ‘new economic mechanism’ that opened Laos up to the world, research again became possible. But it has never been easy. Rural areas have been difficult to access, and the danger of unexploded ordnance (UXO) left over from the war has been ever present. Bureaucratic delays and political intransigence have been even more constricting. And yet scholars, to their great credit, have persevered. By my count, the volume under review is the sixth collection of research papers to appear over the past decade.1 It is also the largest, at more than double the length of any previous publication, and the most ambitious in its coverage. The 27 articles range from archaeology and history to religion, linguistics and anthropology. They are divided into three sections covering the making of history, heritage issues, and social dynamics, to each of which there is an introduction by the editors in addition to their general introduction to the volume as a whole. -
14 Architecture
14 Architecture Wat Xieng Thong roof edge showing the cho faa now painted in turquoise A view of Wat Xieng Thong taken from within the compound Many of the stencils are repaired by monks. © All photos by Denise Heywood By DENISE HEYWOOD THE 35 BUDDHIST temples of Luang Prabang are delicate structures in need of frequent renovation. Damage caused by neglect, tropical Luang Prabang rain, humidity and heat, together with the impact of increasing numbers of tourists, all erode the buildings. This year Wat Xieng Thong, the most important and magnificent wat in Luang Prabang, and Wat Pak Khan, one of the smallest but oldest in the city, have both undergone restoration Temple Renovation and further enhance the cultural and aesthetic value of the former royal created it in memory of the legendary capital of Laos. present, this denotes a temple built by King Chanthaphanith, whose stories Luang Prabang became a a king. The dok so faa symbolises are depicted in golden stencilled UNESCO World Heritage Site in Mount Meru, abode of the gods, the imagery inside the main sim. 1993. Maintaining and conserving axis mundi, centre of the world, Traditionally wats were grouped sacred monuments is the highest surrounded by the seven mythical around royal residences, built with priority, along with preserving the chain of mountains of Hindu royal patronage or by affluent secular buildings as well, but funding mythology. In Laos, religion is individuals, as funding the building of is always needed. For Wat Xieng syncretic, incorporating Hindu, a wat gains merit in Buddhism. The Thong, a contribution of some Buddhist and animistic references. -
Chapter Iii a Comparison on Lan Xang and Early
CHAPTER III A COMPARISON ON LAN XANG AND EARLY RATTANAKOSIN BUDDHIST ART AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS As a Buddhist kingdom, both Lan Xang and Rattanakosin cherished their temples by put every effort to build one and decorate it with the most beautiful artwork they could create at that moment. Those architectures and artworks not just express how luxury each kingdom was, but also represent the thought and circumstance in the meantime. Even though Lan Xang and Rattanakosin had a same religion and were neighbor, their arts and architectural designs are different as follow: 3.1 Lan Xang Buddhist Art and Architectural Design Lan Xang was a kingdom with diversity; even in the Lao race itself. Since the end of the reign of King Suryawongsa Thammikkarat, Lan Xang was divided into three separated kingdom; Luang Prabang, Vientiane and Champasak. Even though they were split up, they still shared their art and architectural designs. Each kingdom had been influenced by the neighbor surround and outsider as described below: 3.1.1 Lan Xang Architecture Developed through centuries, Lan Xang architectures may contain a lot of outsider influence, but at some point, they have their own unique style of architecture. Lan Xang temples can be divided into two part; Buddhawat and Sangkhawat. This chapter will discusses only on the Buddhawat area which cantains of That (ธาตุ), sim (สิม), Ho Wai (หอไหว), Oob Mung (อูบมุง), Hotrai or a library (หอไตร) and Ho Klong or a drum tower (หอกลอง), 3.1.1.1 That (Pagoda or Stupa) That (ธาตุ) in Lan Xang architecture is a Buddhist monument which can refer as a Chedi or pagoda (in Thai Architecture). -
Luang Prabang: the Spiritual Heart of Laos
Destination Inspiration: The Colorful Laos LUANG PRABANG: ThE SpIRITUAL HEART OF LAOS Luang Prabang is rich in cultural heritage, and and international authorities, a real motivation Luang Prabang is situated in the centre of is known as the seat of Lao culture, with mon- to preserve this wonderfully serene city. The northern Laos. The province has a total popu- asteries, monuments traditional costumes and title is justified not only by the many beauti- lation of just over 400,000 that includes 12 dis- surrounded by many types of nature's beauty. ful temples, but also by its traditional wooden tinct ethnic groups. The Khmu are the largest In 1995 unESCO declared Luang Prabang a dwellings, the old colonial style houses and the ethnic group in the province and make up the world Heritage Site. This distinction confirms, natural environment that encases it in a per- majority (about 44%) of the provincial popula- through the concerted action of local, national fect harmony of plant and stone. tion. They are a Mon-Khmer speaking people February, 2011 — 56 — Destination Inspiration: The Colorful Laos known for their knowledge of the forest, and to Muang xieng Dong xieng Thong by local xang broke up into three separate Kingdoms; they are believed to be the original inhabitants inhabitants. Shortly thereafter, King Fa ngum Vientiane, Champasack and Luang Prabang. of Laos. The Hmong are the second most popu- accepted a golden buddha image called the by the late 19th century Luang Prabang was lous ethnic minority. Pha bang as a gift from the Khmer monarchy under attack by marauding black Flag bandits archaeological evidence suggests that Luang and the thriving city-state became known as who destroyed many sacred buddha images, Prabang has been inhabited since at least Luang Prabang. -
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Background of the Study
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Background of the study Luangprabang used to be the ancient capital city of the Lane Xang Kingdom (the Kingdom of a Million Elephants), and established since 1,200 years ago. Sirisack (2014), In the 14th century, the King Chao Fa Ngum founded the first Lao Kingdom of Lane Xang, Luang Prabang remained the capital of Lane Xang until 1565 when the capital was moved to Vientiane by King Setthathirath (although Luangprabang remained the country's main religious centre). And it used to be the center of cultural, architectural, historical and political activities. According to Tourism Department in Luangprabang (2014), stated that Luangprabang as the tourism sightseeing and located in the northern central part of Lao People’s Democratic Republic, surrounded by numerous mountains and green forests. Luangprabang situated in the centre of northern Laos, the province shares border with Oudomxay, Phongsaly and Houaphanh to the north, Vientiane and Sayabouly to the south and southwest and Xiengkhouang to the east. It consists of 12 districts such as Luang Prabang, Xieng Ngeun, Nan, Pak Ou, Nambak, Ngoi, Pakxeng, Phonxay, Chomphet, Viengkham, Phounkhone and Phonthong with Luangprabang occupies of 16, 8755 square kilometers, the estimated population 447,541 people. By UNESCO Websites (2015), Luangprabang is an outstanding example of the fusion of traditional architecture and Lao urban structures with those built by the European colonial authorities in the 19th and 20th centuries. Its unique, remarkably well-preserved townscape illustrates a key stage in the blending of these two distinct culture traditions. TDD, (2012).Visitors to Luang Prabang is charmed by the friendly atmosphere of this small town. -
Day Trips in Laos
DAY TRIPS IN LAOS TOURS ESCAPE FROM LUANG PRABANG OVERVIEW Situated in northern Laos at the confluence of the Nam Khan and Mekong Rivers, the ancient town of Luang Prabang was declared as UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. The small city is an outstanding example of the fusion between traditional architecture and Lao urban structures with those built by the European colonial authorities. Luang Prabang was the ancient royal capital of the Lan Xang Kingdom until 1545 when Vientiane was chosen the capital. The myriad temples, saffron-robbed monks, sacred caves and colonial buildings, hill tribes, the well-recognized hand-woven silk and cotton textiles with local patterns which deeply reflect century-old tradition, cozy atmosphere and laid-back pace of life, all become the undeniable trademarks of this ancient town. Cascading waterfalls and the mighty Mekong River with plenty of opportunities to unwind and sail your way through the town are some of other highlights the town has on offer. Luang Prabang is simply a must for any first-time visitors to the country. LUANG PRABANG – CITY TOUR – PAK OU CAVES Tour code: LPQ-L06 Tour type: Historical & Cultural City: Luang Prabang Time: 8:30-17:30 Overview: Enjoy the beauty of Lao’s culture and natural wonders with a full day exploration around Luang Prabang, then travel up the Mekong River to the Buddha-filled caves of Pak Ou. Learn more about the diverse ethnic groups living in Laos at Traditional Arts & Ethnology Center. Visit the gilded halls of temples such as Wat Xieng Thong and a local rice-wine making village. -
Along the Mythical Mekong Facts & Highlights Departure Dates & Price
Laos Detailed Itinerary Along the Mythical Mekong May 30/20 Wat-Phou, a pre-Angkor temple site. The culture and traditions of Laos are the least changed among Southeast Asian countries and Facts & Highlights make it a mecca for those searching for a truly • 21 land days • Maximum 16 travelers • Start & finish in Bangkok • All meals included • Includes 4 internal exotic adventure. Here, you will find ancient flights • Enjoy a 3-day/2-night Mekong River journey temples, exquisite scenery, an eventful history and aboard a traditional and elegant Mekong teak barge exotic cuisine, all within the warm embrace of a • Explore the ancient Plain of Jars (UNESCO) • See the majestic temples and sites of Luang Prabang (UNESCO) welcoming people. • Visit the cave city of Viengxay • Encounters with We begin in Bangkok, Thailand, then fly north to Hilltribe villages • Explore 10th century Khmer Ruins of Wat Phou Chiang Rai and continue to the Golden Triangle before entering Laos. A 2-day Mekong River Departure Dates & Price Feb 08 - Feb 28, 2021 - $5295 USD journey takes us to remote Hilltribe villages and Jan 30 - Feb 19, 2022 - $5295 USD mountainous jungles. We arrive in Luang Prabang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site with some of the Activity Level: 2 most beautiful and exotic temples in Asia. Comfort Level: Some rough/dusty roads and long drives. Our northern circuit continues to Pak Ou Cave (Buddha Cave) enroute to Nong Khiew. Enjoy a day Accommodations trip to a beautiful, ‘weaving’ Hilltribe village before Comfortable hotels/lodges with private bathrooms. we traverse the remote mountains to Sam Nua. -
A Study of the History and Cult of the Buddhist Earth Deity in Mainland Southeast Asia
A Study of the History and Cult of the Buddhist Earth Deity in Mainland Southeast Asia A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of PhD in Religious Studies at the University of Canterbury by Elizabeth Guthrie University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand 2004 A Study of the History and Cult of the Buddhist Earth Deity in Mainland Southeast Asia Volume 1 Text Acknowledgements Far-ranging research projects like this inevitably depend on the generosity and assistance of many people. Among those who helped me find the earth deity in image and texts, or helped with translations, were: Ang Choulean, K. Aphaivong. Bandol Samnang, Olivier de Bernon, Didier Bertrand, Fran(,{ois Bizot, Robert L. Brown, Kaye Carter, Chuch Phoeun, Shayne Clarke, John Crocker, Denison University Art Gallery, Robert Didham, Wichai Eungpinichpong, Wilai Eungpinichpong, John Marston, Long Tbol, Des Sothy, Anthony Diller, Jacqueline Filliozat, Rolf Giebel, Hang Chan Sophea, Louis Gabaude, Pam Gutman, Anne Hansen, Huberta Hellendoorn, Hor Lath, Khy Sophal, Khyaw Tha Nyunt, Kuy Lath, Fran(,{ois Lagirarde, Lan Sunnary, Leng Kok An, Lim Yii Hang, Long Tbol, Meng Prang, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Mey Poeun, Museum flir Indische Kunst, Neou Chamrong, Norton Simon Museum, Ouk Ry, Anatole Peltier, Phaitun Dokbukaeo, Phon Sin, Phoung Soueng, Sommai Premchit, Thonevath Pou, Saveros Pou, Craig Reynolds, Waldemar Sailer, Sao Hso Hom, Peter Skilling, Frank Smith, Ven. Suthep Surapong, Donald Swearer, Thein Tun U, Serge Thion, Ashley Thompson, Vijinthanasarn Panya, U Aung Kyaing, U Myint Aung, RE. Vann Molyvann, John Weeks, Hiram W.Woodward, Jr. I received funding from the NZFUW, NZASIA and the University of Canterbury. -
Day 1: Vientiane Day 2: Vientiane
Mystery of Laos 5 Days Vientiane,Luang Prabang Itinerary Day 1: Vientiane (Meals: N/A) Excursion to Buddha Park (Wat Xieng Khuan) Visit Wat Xieng Khuan, also known as Buddha Park. This site is home to an eclectic collection of whimsical yet compelling statues of Buddhist and Hindu gods – Overnight in Vientiane Vientiane Hotel Var. A: Vientiane Luxury Hotel, Double with City View/Balcony (No Extra Bed) Var. B: Xaysomboun Boutique Hotel, Superior Rooms Day 2: Vientiane (Meals: Breakfast) Sightseeing in Vientiane The capital city of Laos, Vientiane, still feels like a sleepy city with relaxed charm, tree-lined boulevards, and interesting temples and colourful markets. Tour the many highlights of the city, including Pha That Luang, a gleaming golden stupa which is perhaps the most important national monument in Laos; Ho Pha Keo, the formal royal temple, now a museum with beautiful examples of Buddhist sculpture; Wat Si Saket; and Patuxai, a monumental arch inspired by the Arc de Triomphe, but executed with Lao motifs. Visit Talat morning market (Talaat Sao) Visit Talaat Sao, the morning market (but actually open all day), where vendors sell a wide range of fabrics, jewellery and electronic goods – Overnight in Vientiane Vientiane Hotel Var. A: Vientiane Luxury Hotel, Double with City View/Balcony (No Extra Bed) Var. B: Xaysomboun Boutique Hotel, Superior Rooms Day 3: Vientiane-Luang Prabang (Meals: Breakfast) Transfer by air conditioned vehicle Flight from Vientiane to Luang Prabang Transfer by air conditioned vehicle Sightseeing in Luang Prabang (half day) Set between the Nam Khan and Mekong rivers, Luang Prabang is an enchanting town filled with historic temples and colonial style buildings.