US 2011 020681 6A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0206816 A1 Meissner et al. (43) Pub. Date: Aug. 25, 2011

(54) METHOD FOR REDUCING AFLA-AND (30) Foreign Application Priority Data OCHRATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN CEREALS, NUTS, FRUITS AND SPICES Nov. 29, 2007 (EP) ...... O7121936.4 (75) Inventors: Ruth Meissner, Leverkusen (DE); Publication Classification Isolde Hauser-Hahn, Leverkusen (51) Int. Cl (DE); Karin Guendel-Gonzalez, we Dormagen (DE) A2.3L 3/3463 (2006.01) (73) Assignee: BAYER CROPSCIENCE AG, (52) U.S. Cl...... 426/331; 426/335 MONHEIM (DE) (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 12/745,455 The present application relates to a method for the reduction (22) PCT Filed: Nov. 20, 2008 of afla- and ochratoxin contamination of cereal, nut, fruit and spice plants and/or plant material from cereals, nuts, fruits (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP08/09789 and spices before or after harvest or during storage and during storage, in particular genetically modified cereals, nuts, fruits S371 (c)(1), and spices by the use of one or a combination of two or more (2), (4) Date: Dec. 2, 2010 fungicidally active compounds. US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

METHOD FOR REDUCING AFLA-AND transgenic breeding approaches, but obviously a high level of OCHRATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN resistance is difficult to obtain. CEREALS, NUTS, FRUITS AND SPICES 0010. Therefore application of fungicidal active com pounds represents the most effective mode to control fungal infections of plants and thereby reducing afla- and ochratoxin 0001. The present application relates to a method for the COntent. reduction of afla- and ochratoxin contamination of cereals, (0011. Therefore the problem to be solved by the present nuts, fruits and spices and/or plant material from cereals, nuts, invention is to provide fungicidally active compounds which fruits and spices before or after harvest or during storage, in lead by their application on cereal, nut, fruit and spice plants particular genetically modified cereals, nuts, fruits and spices and/or plant material from cereals, nuts, fruits and spices by the use of one or a combination of two or more fungicidally before or after harvest or during storage to a reduction of afla active compounds. and ochratoxin contamination in all plant and plant material. 0012 Surprisingly it has now been found that the treat 0002) Numerous fungi are serious pests of economically ment of cereal, nut, fruit and spice plants and/or plant material important agricultural crops. Further, crop contamination by from cereals, nuts, fruits and spices before or after harvest or fungal toxins is a major problem for agriculture throughout during storage, in particular genetically modified cereals, the world. nuts, fruits and spices with one or a combination of two or 0003. Afla- and ochratoxins are toxic fungal metabolites, more fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) com often found in agricultural products that are characterized by prising of (Ia) members of the azole group as Cyproconazole, their ability to cause health problems for humans and verte Epoxiconazole, Flusilazole, Ipconazole, Propiconazole, Pro brates. They are produced for example by different Aspergil thioconazole, Metconazole, Tebuconazole, Triadimenol, (Ib) lus and Penicilium species. members of the strobilurin group as AZOxystrobin, Fluoxas 0004 Aflatoxins are toxins produced by Aspergillus spe trobin, Kresoxim-methyl, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Tri cies that grow on several crops, in particular on cereals, nuts, floxystrobin, and (Ic) a group of other fungides as Boscalid, fruits and spices before or after harvest or during storage of Chlorothalonil, Cyprodinil, Fludioxonil, Fluopyram, the crops. The biosynthesis of aflatoxins involves a complex Myclobutonil, Prochloraz, Spiroxamine, N-(3',4'-dichloro-5- polyketide pathway starting with acetate and malonate. One fluoro1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl important intermediate is sterigmatocystin and O-methyl 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-Chlor-6-(2,4,6-trifluorphe sterigmatocystin which are direct precursors of aflatoxins. nyl)-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) 1,2,4-triazolo 1.5-a Important producers of aflatoxins are Aspergillus flavus, most pyrimidin, 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)- strains of Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus nomius, 2-yl)phenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4- Aspergillus bombycis, Aspergillus pseudotamarii, Aspergil carboxamide, N-(2-1.1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl)-1- lus ochraceoroseus, Aspergillus rambelli, Emericella astel methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, lata, Emericella venezuelensis, Bipolaris spp., Chaetomium 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-ylphe spp., Farrowia spp., and Monocillium spp., in particular nyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2- Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus (Plant Breed 1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl-3-(difluorom ing (1999), 118, pp 1-16). There are also additional Aspergil ethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide reduces afla- and lus species known. The group of aflatoxins consists of more ochratoxin contamination in the crop before or after harvest than 20 different toxins, in particular aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and or during storage. G2, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). 0005. Ochratoxins are toxins produced by some Aspergil DEFINITIONS lus species and Penicilium species, like A. ochraceus, A. 0013 The fungicidal compound or the combination and/ carbonarius or P viridicaturn, Examples for Ochratoxins are or composition according to the invention can be used cura ochratoxin A, B, and C. Ochratoxin A is the most prevalent tively or preventively in order to reduce the afla- and ochra and relevant fungal toxin of this group. toxin contamination of cereal, nut, fruit and spice plants and/ 0006. There is a need, therefore, to decrease the contami or plant material from cereals, nuts, fruits and spices before or nation by afla- and ochratoxins of plants and plant material after harvestor during storage, in particular genetically modi before or after harvest or during storage. fied cereals, nuts, fruits and spices. Thus, according to a 0007 Only very few reports can be found concerning the further aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for pre- and post harvest application of fungicides onto cereals, curatively or preventively reducing the afla- and ochratoxin nuts, fruits and spices in order to reduce afla- or ochratoxin contamination of cereals, nuts, fruits and spices comprising contamination. the use of one or a combination of two or more fungicidal 0008. The effect of fungicides on afla- and ochratoxin compounds selected from the group (I) according to the contamination in crops is discussed controversially as con invention by application to the seed, the plant or to the fruit of tradicting results are found. Disease development and afla the plant or to the Soil in which the plant is growing or in and ochratoxin production by the infecting fungi is influenced which it is desired to grow. by a variety of factors not being limited to weather conditions, 0014. According to the invention the expression “combi agricultural techniques, fungicide dose and application, nation' stands for the various combinations of two or more growth stage of crops, colonization of crops by different fungi compounds from group (I), for example in a single “ready species, Susceptibility of host crops and infection mode of mix' form, in a combined spray mixture composed from fungi species. separate formulations of the single active compounds, such as 0009. It has also to be mentioned that breeding for fungal a "tank-mix', and in a combined use of the single active resistance in crops in contrast to insecticidal resistance is ingredients when applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after much more difficult. There have been several classical and the other with a reasonably short period, such as a few hours US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 or days. Preferably the order of applying the compounds from koenigii), Damiana (Turnera aphrodisiaca, T. diffuse), Dan group (I) is not essential for working the present invention. delion (Taraxacum officinale), Demulcent, Devil's claw 0015. According to the invention all cereal, nut, fruit and (Harpagophytum procumbens), Dill seed, Dill (Anethungra spice plants are comprised, in particular cereals like all wheat veolens), Dorrigo Pepper (Tasmannia stipitata), Echina species, rye, barley, triticale, rice, Sorghum, oats, millets, cea—, Echinopanax Elatum, Edelweiss, Elderberry, Elder quinoa, buckwheat, fonio, amaranth, teffand durum; in par flower, Elecampane, Eleutherococcus SenticOSus, ticular fruits of various botanical taxa Such as Rosaceae sp. Emmenagogue, Epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides), (for instance pip fruit such as apples and pears, but also stone Ephedra—, Eryngium foetidum, Eucalyptus, Fennel (Foen fruit Such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches, berry iculum vulgare), Fenugreek, Feverfew, Figwort, File powder, fruits such as strawberries), Vitis sp. (for instance Vitis vin Five-spice powder (Chinese), Fo-ti-tieng, Fumitory, Galan ifera: grape vine, raisins), Manihoteae sp. (for instance Mani gal, Guam masala, Garden cress, Garlic chives, Garlic, Gin hot esculenta, manioc). Theobroma sp. (for instance Theo ger (Zingiber officinale), Ginkgo biloba, Ginseng, Ginseng, broma cacao: cocoa), Ribesioidae sp., Juglandaceae sp., Siberian (Eleutherococcus senticosus), Goat's Rue (Galega Betulaceae sp., Anacardiaceae sp., Fagaceae sp., Moraceae officinalis), Goada masala, Golden Rod, Golden Seal, Gotu sp., Oleaceae sp., Actimidaceae sp., Lauraceae sp., Musace Kola, Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta), Grains of aei sp. (for instance banana trees and plantings), Rubiaceae Selim (Xylopia aethiopica), Grape seed extract, Green tea, sp. (for instance coffee), Theaceae sp., Sterculiceae sp., Ruta Ground Ivy, Guaco, Gypsywort, Hawthorn (Crataegus San ceae sp. (for instance lemons, oranges and grapefruit); Solan guinea), Hawthorne Tree, Hemp, Herbes de Provence, Hibis aceae sp. (for instance tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, eggplant). cus, Holly, Holy Thistle, Hops, Horehound, Horseradish, Liliaceae sp., in particular nuts of various botanical taxa Such Horsetail (Equisetum telmateia), Hyssop (Hyssopus officina as peanuts, Juglandaceae sp. (Walnut, Persian Walnut lis), Jalap, Jasmine, Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum), (Juglans regia), Butternut (Juglans), Hickory, Shagbark Joe Pye weed (Gravelroot), John the Conqueror, Juniper, Hickory, Pecan (Carya), Wingnut (Pterocarya)), Fagaceae Kaffir Lime Leaves (Citrus hystrix, C. papedia), Kaala sp. (Chestnut (Castanca), Chestnuts, including Chinese masala, Knotweed, Kokam, Labrador tea, Lady's Bedstraw, Chestnut, Malabar chestnut, Sweet Chestnut, Beech (Fagus), Lady's Mantle, Land cress, Lavender (Lavandula spp.), Oak (Quercus), Stone-oak, Tanoak (Lithocarpus)). Betu Ledum, Lemon Balm (Melissa Officinalis), Lemon basil, laceae sp. (Alder (Alnus), Birch (Betula), Hazel, Filbert Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus, C. flexuosus, and other (Corylus), Hornbeam), Leguminosae sp. (for instance pea species), Lemon Ironbark (Eucalyptus Staigeriana), Lemon nuts, peas and beans beans—such as climbing beans and mint, Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia citriodora), Lemon broad beans), Asteraceae sp. (for instance Sunflower seed), Thyme, Lemon verbena (Lippia citriiodora), Licorice-adap Almond, Beech, Butternut, Brazil nut, Candlenut, Cashew, togen, Lime Flower, Limnophila aromatica, Lingzhi, Lin Colocynth, Cotton seed, Cucurbitaficifolia, Filbert, Indian seed, Liquorice, Long pepper, Lovage (Levisticum officinale), Beech or Pongam Tree, Kola nut, Lotus seed, Macadamia, Luohanguo, Mace, Mahlab, Malabathrum, Manchurian Mamoncillo, Maya nut, Mongongo, Oakacorns, Ogbono nut, Thom Tree (Aralia manchurica), Mandrake, Marjoram Paradise nut, Pili nut, Pine nut, Pistacchio, Pumpkin seed, (Origanum majorana), Marrubium vulgare, Marsh Labrador water Caltrop; soybeans (Glycine sp., Glycine max); in par Tea, Marshmallow, Mastic, Meadowsweet, Mei Yen, ticular spices like Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Allspice Melegueta pepper (Aframomum melegueta), Mint (Mentha (Pimenta dioica), Alkanet (Anchusa arvensis), Amchur— spp.), Milk thistle (Silybum), Bergamot (Monarda didyma), mango powder (Mangifera), Angelica (Angelica arch Motherwort, Mountain Skullcap. Mullein (Verbascum thap angelica), Anise (Pimpinella anisum), Aniseed myrtle (Syzy sus), Mustard, Mustard seed, Nashia inaguensis, Neem, gium anisatum), Annatto (Bixa Orellana L.), Apple mint Nepeta, Nettle, Nigella sativa, Nigella (Kolanji, Black cara (Mentha suaveolens), Artemisia vulgaris/Mugwort, Asafoe way), Noni, Nutmeg (and Mace) Marijuana, Oenothera tida (Ferula assafoetida), Berberis, Banana, Basil (Ocimum (Oenothera biennis etal), Olida (Eucalyptus Olida), Oregano basilicum), Bay leaves, Bistort (Persicaria bistorta), Black (Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum, and other species), cardamom, Black cumin, Blackcurrant, Black limes, Bladder Orris root, Osmorhiza, Olive Leaf (used in tea and as herbal wrack (Fucus vesiculosus), Blue Cohosh, Blue-leaved Supplement), Panax quinquefolius, Pandan leaf. Paprika, Mallee (Eucalyptus polybractea), Bog Labrador Tea (Rhodo Parsley (Petroselinum crispum), Passion Flower, Patchouli, dendron groenlandicum), Boldo (Peumus boldus), Bolivian Pennyroyal, Pepper (black, white, and green), Peppermint, Coriander (Porophyllum ruderale), Borage (Borago officina Peppermint Gum (Eucalyptus dives), Perilla, Plantain, lis), Calamus, Calendula, Calumba (Jateorhiza Calumba), Pomegranate, Ponch phoran, Poppy seed, Primrose Chamomile, Candle nut, Cannabis, Caper (Capparis Spi (Primula)—candied flowers, tea, Psyllium, Purslane, Ouas nosa), Caraway, Cardamom, Carob Pod, Cassia, Casuarina, sia, Quatre épices, Ramsons, Ras el-hanout, Raspberry Catnip, Cat's Claw, Catsear, Cayenne pepper, Celastrus Pan (leaves), Reishi, Restharrow, Rhodiola rosea, Riberry (Syzy iculatus—Herb., Celery salt, Celery seed, Centaury, Chervil gium luehmannii), Rocket/Arugula, Roman chamomile, (Anthriscus cerefolium), Chickweed, Chicory, Chile pepper, Rooibos, Rosehips, Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Chili powder, Cinchona, Chives (Allium Schoenoprasum), Rowan Berries, Rue, Safflower, Saffron, Sage (Salvia offici Cicely (Myrrhis odorata), Cilantro (see Coriander) (Corian nalis), Saigon Cinnamon, St John's Wort, Salad Burnet (San drum sativum), Cinnamon (and Cassia), Cinnamon Myrtle guisorba minor or Poterium sanguisorba), Salvia, Sichuan (Backhousia myrtifolia), Clary, Cleavers, Clover, Cloves, Pepper (Sansho), Sassafras, Savory (Satureja hortensis, S. Coffee, Coltsfoot, Comfrey, Common Rue, Condurango, Montana), Schisandra (Schisandra Chinensis), Scutellaria Coptis, Coriander, Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita), Couch costaricana, Senna (herb), Senna obtusifolia, Sesame seed, grass, Cow Parsley (Anthriscus Sylvestris), Cowslip, Cramp Sheep Sorrel, Shepherd's Purse, Sialagogue, Siberian Chaga, Bark (Viburnum opulus), Cress, Cuban Oregano (Plectran Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus), Siraitia gros thus amboinicus), Cudweed, Cumin, Curry leaf (Murraya venorii (luohanguo), Skullcap, Sloe Berries, Smudge Stick, US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

Sonchus, Sorrel (Rumex spp.), Southernwood, Spearmint, bers of the strobilurin group as Azoxystrobin (131860-33-8), Speedwell. Squill, Star anise, Stevia, Strawberry Leaves, Fluoxastrobin (361377-29-9, Kresoxim-methyl (143390-89 Suma (Pfafia paniculata), Sumac, Summer Savory, Suther 0), Picoxystrobin (117428-22-5), Pyraclostrobin (175013 landia frutescens, Sweet grass, Sweet cicely (Myrrhis Odo 18-0), Trifloxystrobin (141517-21-7), and (Ic) a group of rata), Sweet Woodruff. Szechuan pepper (Xanthoxylum pip other fungicides as Boscalid (188425-85-6), Chlorothalonil eritum), Tacamahac, Tamarind, Tandoori masala, Tansy, (1897-45-6), Cyprodinil (121552-61-2), Fludioxonil Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus), Tea, Teucrium polium, (131341-86-1), Fluopyram (658066-35-4), Myclobutonil That basil. Thistle, Thyme, Toor Dall, Tormentil, Tribulus (88671-89-0), Prochloraz (67747-09-5), Spiroxamine terrestris, Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum), Turmeric (Curcuma (118134-30-8), N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluoro1,1'-biphenyl-2- longa), Uva Ursi also known as Bearberry, Vanilla (Vanilla yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxam planifolia), Vasaka, Vervain, Vetiver, Vietnamese Coriander ide (Bixafen, 58.1809-46-3), 5-Chlor-6-(2,4,6-trifluorphe (Persicaria odorata), Wasabi (Wasabia japonica), Water nyl)-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) 1,2,4-triazolo 1.5-a cress, Wattleseed, Wild ginger, Wild Lettuce, Wild thyme, pyrimidin (214706-53-3), 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi Winter savory, Witch Hazel, Wolfberry, Wood Avens, Wood (cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H Betony, Woodruff, Wormwood, Yarrow, Yerba Buena, pyrazole-4-carboxamide (WO 2006/015865-A1), N-(2-1, Yohimbe, Zaatar, Zedoary Root. 1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl-3- 0016. According to the invention cereals, nuts, fruits and (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (WO 2006/ spices includes all plant material of the species which is 015865-A1), 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi mentioned in the description above. (cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H 0017. According to the inventionall plants and plant mate pyrazole-4-carboxamide (WO 2006/015865-A1), N-(2-1, rial can be treated. By plants is meant all plants and plant 1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl-3- populations such as desirable and undesirable wild plants, (difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (WO 2006/ cultivars (including naturally occurring cultivars) and plant 015865-A1). varieties (whether or not protectable by plant variety or plant 0024. These fungicidal compounds are characterized by breeder's rights). Cultivars and plant varieties can be plants their CAS-numbers or a PCT publication number in brackets obtained by conventional propagation and breeding methods behind the name: which can be assisted or Supplemented by one or more bio 0025. The fungicide of the invention can be used in com technological methods such as by use of double haploids, bination with at least one other fungicide of group (I). protoplast fusion, random and directed mutagenesis, molecu 0026. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from lar or genetic markers or by bioengineering and genetic engi the group (Ia) Cyproconazole, Epoxiconazole, FlusilaZole, neering methods including transgenic plants. Ipconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Metconazole, 0018. By plant material is meant all above ground and Tebuconazole, Triadimenol. below ground parts and organs of plants such as shoot, leaf. 0027. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from flower, blossom and root, whereby for example leaves, the group (Ia) Cyproconazole, Epoxiconazole, Ipconazole, needles, stems, branches, blossoms, fruiting bodies, fruits Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Metconazole, Tebucona and seed as well as roots, corms and rhizomes are listed. Zole. Crops and vegetative and generative propagating material, for 0028. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from example cuttings, corms, rhizomes, runners, fruits, grains, the group (Ia) Epoxiconazole, Ipconazole, Prothioconazole, pods, fruiting bodies, tubers and seedlings, and seeds also Tebuconazole. belong to plant parts. 0029. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from 0019. According to the invention “before harvest’ means the group (Ia) Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole the period of time starting from deploying the plant propaga 0030. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from tion material (e.g. seeds or seedlings) into an environment the group (Ib) Azoxystrobin, Fluoxastrobin, Picoxystrobin, which Supports plant growth (e.g. fields, greenhouses) until Pyraclostrobin, Trifloxystrobin. the plant or plant material is removed from this environment. 0031. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from 0020. According to the invention the process of removing the group (Ib) Fluoxastrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, plant or plant material from the environment Supporting plant Trifloxystrobin. growth is defined as “harvest'. 0032. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from 0021. According to the invention “after harvest’ means the group (Ib) Trifloxystrobin. the period of time starting with the harvest of plant or plant 0033. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from material. the group (Ic) Boscalid, Chlorothalonil, Cyprodinil, Fludiox 0022. According to the invention “during storage' means onil, Fluopyram, Myclobutonil, Prochloraz, Spiroxamine, the period of time in which the harvested plant or plant mate N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluoro1, 1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluo rial is stored for further usages. It includes also further pro romethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-Chlor cessing of the plant material for example drying or lyophiliza 6-(2,4,6-trifluorphenyl)-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) 12.4 tion of plant or plant material. triazolo 1.5-alpyrimidin, 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi 0023 The fungicidal compound or compounds to be used (cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H in the treatment methods of the present invention include, but pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2-1'-bi (cyclopropyl)-2-yl) are not limited to group (I) comprising of (Ia) members of the phenyl-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4- azole group as Cyproconazole (113096-99-4), Epoxicona carboxamide, 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi zole (106325-08-0), Flusilazole (85509-19-9). Ipconazole (cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H (125225-28-7), Propiconazole (60207-90-1), Prothiocona pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2-1.1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl) zole (178928-70-6), Metconazole (1251 16-23-6), Tebucona phenyl-1-methyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4- zole (107534-96-3), Triadimenol (89482-17-7), (Ib) mem carboxamide. US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

0034. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from 0047 Very particular preference is given to combinations the group (Ic) Boscalid, Cyprodinil, Fludioxonil, Fluopyram, comprising one fungicide from group (Ia) Epoxiconazole, Myclobutonil, Prochloraz, Spiroxamine, N-(3',4'-dichloro-5- Ipconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Metconazole, fluoro1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl Tebuconazole and one fungicide of group (Ib) AZOxystrobin, 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-Chlor-6-(2,4,6-trifluorphe Fluoxastrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Trifloxystrobin. nyl)-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) 1,2,4-triazolo 1.5-a 0048 Very particular preference is given to combinations pyrimidin. comprising one fungicide from group (Ia) Prothioconazole, 0035. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from Tebuconazole and one fungicide of group (Ib) Triflox the group (Ic) Boscalid, Cyprodinil, Fludioxonil, Fluopyram, ystrobin. N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluoro1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluo 0049 Particularly preferred combinations comprising of romethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide. two fungicides are listed below: 0036. In a particular embodiment, the fungicide is from the group (Ia) Cyproconazole, Epoxiconazole, Ipconazole, Epoxiconazole and AZOxystrobin, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Metconazole, Tebucona Ipconazole and AZOxystrobin, Zole or from group (Ib) members of the strobilurin group as Azoxystrobin, Fluoxastrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Propiconazole and AZOxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin or from group (Ic) Boscalid, Cyprodinil, Flu Prothioconazole and Azoxystrobin, dioxonil, Fluopyram, Prochloraz, N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluoro 1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyra Metconazole and Azoxystrobin, Zole-4-carboxamide, 5-Chlor-6-(2,4,6-trifluorphenyl)-7-(4- Tebuconazole and Azoxystrobin, methylpiperidin-1-yl) 1.2.4 triazolo 1.5-alpyrimidin. 0037. In a very particular embodiment, the fungicide is Epoxiconazole and Pyraclostrobin, from the group (Ia) Epoxiconazole, Ipconazole, Propicona Ipconazole and Pyraclostrobin, Zole, Prothioconazole, Metconazole, Tebuconazole or from group (Ib) members of the strobilurin group as Fluoxastrobin, Propiconazole and Pyraclostrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Trifloxystrobin or and from group (Ic) Bos Prothioconazole and Pyraclostrobin, calid, Cyprodinil, Fludioxonil, Fluopyram, N-(3',4'-dichloro 5-fluoro1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl Metconazole and Pyraclostrobin, 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide. Tebuconazole and Pyraclostrobin, 0038. In a very particular embodiment, the fungicide is from the group (Ia) Epoxiconazole, Ipconazole, Prothiocona Epoxiconazole and Fluoxastrobin, Zole, Tebuconazole or from group (Ib) members of the stro Ipconazole and Fluoxastrobin, bilurin group as Trifloxystrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclos trobin, Fluoxastrobin or from group (Ic) Cyprodinil, Propiconazole and Fluoxastrobin, Fludioxonil. Prothioconazole and Fluoxastrobin, 0039. In a very particular embodiment, the fungicide is from the group (Ia) Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole or from Metconazole and Fluoxastrobin, group (Ib) members of the strobilurin group as Triflox Tebuconazole and Fluoxastrobin, ystrobin. 0040. In a particular embodiment, the active compound Epoxiconazole and Trifloxystrobin, combinations are comprising of one fungicide from group Ipconazole and Trifloxystrobin, (Ia) and one fungicide of group (Ib). 0041. In a particular embodiment, the active compound Propiconazole and Trifloxystrobin, combinations are comprising of one fungicide from group Prothioconazole and Trifloxystrobin, (Ia) and one fungicide of group (Ic). 0042. In a particular embodiment, the active compound Metconazole and Trifloxystrobin, combinations are comprising of one fungicide from group Tebuconazole and Trifloxystrobin, (Ib) and one fungicide of group (Ic). 0043. In a particular embodiment, the active compound Fludioxonil und Myclobutanil. combinations are comprising of more than one fungicide Epoxiconazole and Ipconazole, from group (Ia). 0044. In a particular embodiment, the active compound Propiconazole and Ipconazole, combinations are comprising of more than one fungicide Prothioconazole and Ipconazole, from group (Ib). 0045. In a particular embodiment, the active compound Metconazole and Ipconazole, combinations are comprising of more than one fungicide Tebuconazole and Ipconazole, from group (Ic). 0046 Very particular preference is given to combinations Epoxiconazole and Propiconazole, comprising one fungicide from group (Ia) Cyproconazole, Epoxiconazole, Flusilazole, Ipconazole, Propiconazole, Pro Prothioconazole and Propiconazole, thioconazole, Metconazole, Tebuconazole, Triadimenol and Metconazole and Propiconazole, one fungicide of group (Ib) AZOxystrobin, Fluoxastrobin, Kresoxim-methyl, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Triflox Tebuconazole and Propiconazole, ystrobin. Epoxiconazole and Prothioconazole, US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

Metconazole and Prothioconazole, least 10% less ochratoxin, more preferable at least 20% och ratoxin, more preferable at least 40% ochratoxin, more pref Tebuconazole and Prothioconazole, erable at least 50% ochratoxin, more preferable at least 80% Epoxiconazole and Metconazole, ochratoxin contamination than plant or plant material before Tebuconazole and Metconazole, or after harvest or during storage which has not been treated. 0060. In a particular embodiment the plants are selected Epoxiconazole and Tebuconazole. from the group of wheat species, rye, barley, triticale, rice, 0050. If the compounds in the active compound combina Sorghum, oats, millets, quinoa, buckwheat, amaranth, apples, tions according to the invention are present in certain weight pears, apricots, cherries, almonds, peaches, berry fruits, grape ratios, the afla- and ochratoxin-reducing effect is particularly vine, raisins), manioc, cocoa, Musaceae sp. (for instance pronounced. However, the weight ratios of the active com banana trees and plantings), coffee, Theaceae sp., lemons, pounds in the active compound combinations can be varied oranges and grapefruit, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, egg within a relatively wide range. In general, in the combinations plant; peanuts, Juglandaceae sp. (Walnut, Persian Walnut according to the invention the compounds selected from (Juglans regia), Hickory, Fagaceae sp. (Chestnut (Castanea), group (I) are present in a synergistically effective weight ratio Chestnuts, including Chinese Chestnut, Malabar chestnut, of the first to the second compound in a range of 100:1 to Sweet Chestnut, Hazel, Leguminosae sp. (for instance pea 1:100, preferably in a weight ratio of 50:1 to 1:50, most nuts, peas and beans beans—such as climbing beans and preferably in a weight ratio of 20:1 to 1:20. broad beans), Asteraceae sp. (for instance Sunflower seed), 0051. According to the invention the expression “combi Almond, Cashew, Cotton seed, Macadamia, Pine nut, Pistac nation' stands for the various combinations of compounds of chio, soybeans (Glycine sp., Glycine max); Cardamom, Cin group (I), for example in a single “ready-mix' form, in a namon (and Cassia), Coriander, Cumin, Garlic, Ginger (Zin combined spray mixture composed from separate formula giber officinale), Green tea, Horseradish, Lavender tions of the single active compounds, such as a "tank-mix. (Lavandula spp.), Mint (Mentha spp.), Paprika, Parsley and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when (Petroselinum crispum), Pepper (black, white, and green), applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other with a Peppermint, Primrose (Primula)—candied flowers, tea, reasonably short period, such as a few hours or days. Prefer Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Sage (Salvia officinalis), ably the order of applying the compounds of group (I) is not Salvia, Sesame seed, Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia). essential for working the present invention. 0061. In a very particular embodiment the plants are 0.052. In a particular embodiment the fungi producing the selected from the group of rice, peanuts, cashews, cocoa, afla- and ochratoxins are selected from the group of the fol lowing species: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton seed. and Aspergillus nomius, A. ochraceus, A. carbonarius or P 0062 Treatment of plant and plant material before or after viridicatum. harvest or during storage can also involve treatment with 0053. In a very particular embodiment the fungi producing further active compounds in combination with the active the afla- and ochratoxins are selected from the group of the compounds of the present invention, which treatment may be following species: applied together and/or sequentially in its commercially Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus strains and available formulations and in the use forms, prepared from Apergillus nomius, A. Ochraceus, A. carbonarius. these formulations. 0054. In a particular embodiment the afla- and ochratoxins 0063. These further compounds can be insecticides, are selected from the following group: aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 attractants, sterilizing agents, bactericides, acaricides, nem and G2, ochratoxin A, B, C. aticides, fungicides, growth-regulating Substances, herbi 0055. In a very particular embodiment the afla- and och cides, safeners, fertilizers, inoculants or other plant-growth ratoxins are selected from the following group: aflatoxins B1, influencing compounds or semiochemicals. B2, G1 and G2. 0064. A particularly effective treatment for cereals, nuts, 0056. In a very particular embodiment the afla- and och fruits and spices is a combination comprisinga) Prothiocona ratoxins are selected from the following group: ochratoxin A, Zole and Trifloxystrobin or b) Tebuconazole and Triflox B, C. ystrobin or c) Tebuconazole and Prothioconazole. 0057. In a particular embodiment of the invention plant or 0065. The method of treatment according to the invention plant material before or after harvest or during storage has at is used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms least 10% less afla- and ochratoxin, more preferable at least (GMOs), e.g. plants or seeds. Genetically modified plants (or 20% afla- and ochratoxin, more preferable at least 40% afla transgenic plants) are plants of which a heterologous gene has and ochratoxin, more preferable at least 50% afla- and och been stably integrated into the genome. The expression "het ratoxin, more preferable at least 80% afla- and ochratoxin erologous gene' essentially means a gene which is provided contamination than plant or plant material before or after or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in the harvest or during storage which has not been treated. nuclear, chloroplastic or mitochondrial genome gives the 0058. In a particular embodiment of the invention plant or transformed plant new or improved agronomic or other prop plant material before or after harvest or during storage has at erties by expressing a protein or polypeptide of interest or by least 10% less aflatoxin, more preferable at least 20% afla downregulating or silencing other gene(s) which are present toxin, more preferable at least 40% aflatoxin, more preferable in the plant (using for example, antisense technology, co at least 50% aflatoxin, more preferable at least 80% aflatoxin suppression technology or RNA interference RNAi tech contamination than plant or plant material before or after nology). A heterologous gene that is located in the genome is harvest or during storage which has not been treated. also called a transgene. A transgene that is defined by its 0059. In a particular embodiment of the invention plant or particular location in the plant genome is called a transfor plant material before or after harvest or during storage has at mation or transgenic event. US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

0066. Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, corn) be produced by detasseling, i.e. the mechanical removal their location and growth conditions (soils, climate, vegeta of the male reproductive organs (or males flowers) but, more tion period, diet), the treatment according to the invention typically, malesterility is the result of genetic determinants in may also result in superadditive (“synergistic) effects. Thus, the plant genome. In that case, and especially when seed is the for example, reduced application rates and/or a widening of desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plants it is the activity spectrum and/or an increase in the activity of the typically useful to ensure that male fertility in the hybrid active compounds and compositions which can be used plants is fully restored. This can be accomplished by ensuring according to the invention, better plant growth, increased that the male parents have appropriate fertility restorer genes tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to which are capable of restoring the male fertility in hybrid drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering plants that contain the genetic determinants responsible for performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, male-sterility. Genetic determinants for male sterility may be higher harvest yields, bigger fruits, larger plant height, located in the cytoplasm. Examples of cytoplasmic male Ste greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher quality and/or a rility (CMS) were for instance described in Brassica species. higher nutritional value of the harvested products, higher However, genetic determinants for male sterility can also be Sugar concentration within the fruits, better storage stability located in the nuclear genome. Malesterile plants can also be and/or processability of the harvested products are possible, obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic which exceed the effects which were actually to be expected. engineering. A particularly useful means of obtaining male 0067 Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably to be sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396 in which, for treated according to the invention include all plants which example, a ribonuclease Such as barnase is selectively have genetic material which impart particularly advanta expressed in the tapetum cells in the stamens. Fertility can geous, useful traits to these plants (whether obtained by then be restored by expression in the tapetum cells of a ribo breeding and/or biotechnological means). nuclease inhibitor Such as barstar. 0068 Plants and plant cultivars which are also preferably 0072 Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotech to be treated according to the invention are resistant against nology methods such as genetic engineering) which may be one or more biotic stresses, i.e. said plants show a better treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant defense against animal and microbial pests, such as against plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or more given herbi nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, cides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transfor viruses and/or viroids. mation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation 0069 Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated imparting such herbicide tolerance. according to the invention are those plants which are resistant 0073 Herbicide-tolerant plants are for example glypho to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions may sate-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide include, for example, drought, cold temperature exposure, glyphosate or salts thereof. Plants can be made tolerant to heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salin glyphosate through different means. For example, glypho ity, increased mineral exposure, oZone exposure, high light sate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming the plant exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3- availability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance. phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS 0070 Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated genes are the AroA gene (mutant CT7) of the bacterium according to the invention, are those plants characterized by Salmonella typhimurium, the CP4 gene of the bacterium enhanced yield characteristics. Increased yield in said plants Agrobacterium sp., the genes encoding a Petunia EPSPS, a can be the result of for example, improved plant physiology, Tomato EPSPS, or an Eleusine EPSPS. It can also be a growth and development, such as water use efficiency, water mutated EPSPS. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use, enhanced carbon obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germina oxido-reductase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also tion efficiency and accelerated maturation. Yield can further be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate more be affected by improved plantarchitecture (under stress acetyl transferase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can and non-stress conditions), including but not limited to, early also be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seed occurring mutations of the above-mentioned genes. ling vigor, plant size, internode number and distance, root 0074. Other herbicide resistant plants are for example growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod or ear number, seed plants that are made tolerant to herbicides inhibiting the number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhanced seed filling, enzyme glutamine synthase. Such as bialaphos, phosphino reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging thricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtained by express resistance. Further yield traits include seed composition, Such ing an enzyme detoxifying the herbicide or a mutant as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and com glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition. One position, nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional com Such efficient detoxifying enzyme is an enzyme encoding a pounds, improved processability and better storage stability. phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat 0071 Plants that may be treated according to the invention protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing an are hybrid plants that already express the characteristic of exogenous phosphinothricin acetyltransferase are also heterosis or hybrid vigor which results in generally higher described. yield, vigor, health and resistance towards biotic and abiotic 0075. Further herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that stress factors. Such plants are typically made by crossing an are made tolerant to the herbicides inhibiting the enzyme inbred male-sterile parent line (the female parent) with hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD). Hydroxyphe another inbred male-fertile parent line (the male parent). nylpyruvatedioxygenases are enzymes that catalyze the reac Hybrid seed is typically harvested from the malesterile plants tion in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is trans and sold to growers. Malesterile plants can sometimes (e.g. in formed into homogentisate. Plants tolerant to HPPD US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

inhibitors can be transformed with a gene encoding a formation, such as the Cry3Bb1 protein in corn events naturally-occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or a gene encod MON863 or MON88017, or the Cry3A protein in corn ing a mutated HPPD enzyme. Tolerance to HPPD-inhibitors event MIR604; can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymes enabling the formation of I008.4 5) an insecticidal secreted protein from Bacillus homogentisate despite the inhibition of the native HPPD thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, or an insecticidal portion enzyme by the HPPD-inhibitor. Tolerance of plants to HPPD thereof, such as the vegetative insecticidal (VIP) proteins inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a listed at: gene encoding an enzyme prephenate dehydrogenase in addi 0085 http://www.lifesci. Sussex.ac.uk/home/Neil tion to a gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme. Crickmore/Bt/vip e.g., proteins from the VIP3Aa pro 0076 Still further herbicide resistant plants are plants that tein class; or are made tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. I0086 6) secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Known ALS-inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylurea, Bacillus cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of a imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyoxy (thio) second secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or B. benzoates, and/or Sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbi cereus, such as the binary toxin made up of the VIP1A and cides. Different mutations in the ALS enzyme (also known as VIP2A proteins; or acetohydroxyacid synthase, AHAS) are known to confer tol I0087 7) hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts from erance to different herbicides and groups of herbicides. The different secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or production of Sulfonylurea-tolerant plants and imidazoli Bacillus cereus, such as a hybrid of the proteins in 1) above none-tolerant plants is describe. Other imidazolinone-toler or a hybrid of the proteins in 2) above; or ant plants are also described. Further sulfonylurea- and imi I0088 8) protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, dazolinone-tolerant plants are also described in for example particularly 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by WO 2007/024782. another amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity 0077. Other plants tolerant to imidazolinone and/or sulfo to a target insect species, and/or to expand the range of nylurea can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in target insect species affected, and/or because of changes cell cultures in the presence of the herbicide or mutation introduced into the encoding DNA during cloning or trans breeding as described for example for soybeans, for rice, for formation (while still encoding an insecticidal protein), sugar beet, for lettuce, or for sunflower. such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton event COT 102. 0078 Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotech I0089. Of course, an insect-resistant transgenic plant, as nology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also used herein, also includes any plant comprising a combina be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant tion of genes encoding the proteins of any one of the above transgenic plants, i.e. plants made resistant to attack by cer classes 1 to 8. In one embodiment, an insect-resistant plant tain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any transformation, or by selection of plants containing a muta one of the above classes 1 to 8, to expand the range of target tion imparting Such insect resistance. insect species affected when using different proteins directed 0079 An “insect-resistant transgenic plant, as used at different target insect species, or to delay insect resistance herein, includes any plant containing at least one transgene development to the plants by using different proteins insecti comprising a coding sequence encoding: cidal to the same target insect species but having a different 0080 1) an insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thu mode of action, such as binding to different receptor binding ringiensis or an insecticidal portion thereof. Such as the sites in the insect. insecticidal crystal proteins listed by Crickmore et al., Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (1998), 62. 0090 Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotech 807-813, updated by Crickmore et al. (2005) at the Bacillus nology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also thuringiensis toxin nomenclature, online at: http://www. be treated according to the invention are tolerant to abiotic lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil Crickmore/Bt/), or insec stresses. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transforma ticidal portions thereof, e.g., proteins of the Cry protein tion, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting classes Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry 1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Aa, or Such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress tolerance Cry3Bb or insecticidal portions thereof; or plants include: 0081) 2) a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a 0091 a. plants which contain a transgene capable of portion thereof which is insecticidal in the presence of a reducing the expression and/or the activity of poly(ADP second other crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or ribose)polymerase (PARP) gene in the plant cells or plants a portion thereof. Such as the binary toxin made up of the 0092 b. plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing Cry34 and Cry35 crystal proteins; or transgene capable of reducing the expression and/or the 0082 3) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts of activity of the PARG encoding genes of the plants or plants different insecticidal crystal proteins from Bacillus thur cells. ingiensis, such as a hybrid of the proteins of 1) above or a 0093 c. plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing hybrid of the proteins of 2) above, e.g., the C 1 A.105 transgene coding for a plant-functional enzyme of the nico protein produced by corn event MON98034; or tinamide adenine dinucleotide Salvage synthesis pathway 0083 4) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein including nicotinamidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltrans Some, particularly 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced ferase, nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenyl transferase, by another amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase or nicotine ity to a target insect species, and/or to expand the range of amide phosphorybosyltransferase. target insect species affected, and/or because of changes 0094. Examples of plants with the above-mentioned traits introduced into the encoding DNA during cloning or trans are non-exhaustively listed in Table A. US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

TABLE A Effected target or expressed No. principle(s) Crop phenotype?Tolerance to A-1 Acetolactate synthase (ALS) Sulfonylureas, Imidazolinones, Triazolopyrimidines, Pyrimidyloxybenzoates, Phtalides A-2 AcetylCoA Carboxylase (ACCase) Aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, cyclohexanediones A-3 Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase soxazoles such as Isoxaflutol or Isoxachlortol, Triones such as (HPPD) mesotrione or Sulcotrione A-4 Phosphinothricin acetyltransferase Phosphinothricin A-5 O-Methyl transferase altered lignin levels A-6 Glutamine synthetase Glufosinate, Bialaphos A-7 Adenylosuccinate Lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis A-8 AdenyloSuccinate Synthase inhibitors of adenyloSuccinate synthesis A-9 Anthranilate Synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and catabolism A-10 Nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxy-benzonitriles such as Bromoxynil and oxinyl A-11 5-Enolpyruvyl-3phosphoshikimate Glyphosate or sulfosate Synthase (EPSPS) A-12 Glyphosate oxidoreductase Glyphosate or sulfosate A-13 Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PROTOX) Diphenylethers, cyclic imides, phenylpyrazoles, pyridin derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles, etc. A-14 Cytochrome P450 eg. P450 SUI Xenobiotics and herbicides such as Sulfonylureas A-15 Dimboa biosynthesis (Bxl gene) Helminthosporium turcicum, Rhopaiosiphum maydis, Diplodia maydis, Ostrinia niibiiais, lepidoptera sp. A-16 CMIII (Small basic maize seed peptide) plant pathogenes eg. fitsarium, alternaria, Sclerotina A-17 Corn-SAFP (Zeamatin) plant pathogenes eg. fitsarium, alternaria, Sclerotina, rhizoctonia, chaetonium, phyComyces A-18 Hml gene Cochiobatius A-19 Chitinases plant pathogenes A-20 Glucanases plant pathogenes A-21 Coat proteins viruses such as maize dwarf mosaic virus, maize chlorotic dwarf virus A-22 Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, VIP3, epidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia nubialis, Bacilius cereus toxins, Photorabdus and heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodopterafiugiperda, corn Xenorhabdus toxins rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-23 3-Hydroxysteroid oxidase epidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia nubialis, heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodopterafiugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-24 Peroxidase epidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia nubialis, heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodoptera frugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-25 Aminopeptidase inhibitors eg. Leucine lepidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia niibiiais, aminopeptidase inhibitor (LAPI) heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodoptera frugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-26 Limonene synthase corn rootworms A-27 Lectines epidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia nubialis, heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodoptera frugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-28 Protease Inhibitors eg. cyStatin, patatin, weevils, corn rootworm virgiferin, CPTI A-29 ribosome inactivating protein lepidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia niibiialis, heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodoptera frugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-30 maize 5C9 polypeptide lepidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia niibiialis, heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodoptera frugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-31 HMG-CoA reductase lepidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, nematodes, eg. Ostrinia niibiialis, heliothis zea, armyworms eg. Spodoptera frugiperda, corn rootworms, Sesamia sp., black cutworm, asian corn borer, weevils A-32 Inhibition of protein synthesis Chloroactanilides such as Alachlor, Acetochlor, Dimethenamid A-33 Hormone mimic 2,4-D, Mecoprop-P

0095 Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotech- strength, the starch grain size and/or the starch grain mor nology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also phology, is changed in comparison with the synthesised be treated according to the invention show altered quantity, starch in wildtype plant cells or plants, so that this is better Suited for special applications. quality and/or storage-stability of the harvested product and/ 0097. 2) transgenic plants which synthesize non starch or altered properties of specific ingredients of the harvested carbohydrate polymers or which synthesize non starch car product Such as: bohydrate polymers with altered properties in comparison (0096), 1) transgenic plants which synthesize a modified to wildtype plants without genetic modification. Examples starch, which in its physical-chemical characteristics, in are plants producing polyfructose, especially of the inulin particular the amylose content or the amylose/amylopectin and levan-type, plants producing alpha 1.4 glucans, plants ratio, the degree of branching, the average chain length, the producing alpha-1,6 branched alpha-1,4-glucans, plants side chain distribution, the Viscosity behaviour, the gelling producing alternan, US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

0098. 3) transgenic plants which produce hyaluronan. individual petition documents which are obtainable from 0099 Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be APHIS, for example on the APHIS website, by reference to treated according to the invention are plants containing trans this petition number. These descriptions are herein incorpo formation events, or combination of transformation events, rated by reference. that are the Subject of petitions for non-regulated Status, in the Extension of Petition: reference to a previous petition for United States of America, to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United States Department which an extension is requested. of Agriculture (USDA) whether such petitions are granted or Institution: the name of the entity submitting the petition. are still pending. At any time this information is readily avail Regulated article: the plant species concerned. able from APHIS (4700 River Road Riverdale, Md. 20737, Transgenic phenotype: the trait conferred to the plants by the USA), for instance on its internet site (URL http://www. transformation event. aphis.usda.gov/brS/notreg.html). On the filing date of this Transformation event or line: the name of the event or events application the petitions for nonregulated Status that were (sometimes also designated as lines or lines) for which non pending with APHIS or granted by APHIS were those listed in regulated Status is requested. table B which contains the following information: APHIS documents: various documents published by APHIS Petition: the identification number of the petition. Technical in relation to the Petition and which can be requested with descriptions of the transformation events can be found in the APHIS US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 10 US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 11

ponunuoo US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 12

ponunuoo US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 13

0100 Particularly useful transgenic cereals, nuts, fruits and spices plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants listed in table B together with their trade aCS.

TABLE B No. Trade Names Example Description B-86 Roundup Ready (R) Beta vulgaris (Sugar Beet) H7-1 event B-87 InVigor (R) Brassica naptis (Argentine Canola) Canola has been genetically modified to: O express a gene conferring tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium; O introduce a novel hybrid breeding system for canola, based on genetically modified male sterile (MS) and ertility restorer (RF) lines; O express an antibiotic resistance gene. B-88 Liberty Link (R) Brassica naptis (Argentine Canola) tolerance to phosphinotricin B-89 Roundup Ready (R) Brassica naptis (Canola) MON89249-2 (GT200) event B-90 Clearfield (R) Canola non-GMO, tolerance to imazamox B-91 Optimum TM GAT TM Glycine max L. (Soybean) olerance to glyphosate and ALSherbicides B-92 Roundup Ready (R) Glycine max L. (Soybean) MON-04032-6 (GTS 40-3-2) B-93 Roundup RReady2Yield TM Glycine max L. (Soybean) MON-89788-1 (MON89788) event B-94 STS (R) Glycine max L. (Soybean) olerance to Sulphonylureas B-95 YIELD GARD (R) Glycine max L. (Soybean) B-96 AFD (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) ines include egAFD5062LL, AFD5064F, AFD 5065B2F, AFD seed is available in several varieties with technology incorporated, Such as Bollgard (R), Bollgard II, Roundup Ready, Roundup Ready Flex and LibertyLink (R) technologies. B-97 Bollgard II (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) MON 15985 event: Cry2(A)b1; Cry1A(c) B-98 Bollgard (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) MON531/757/1076 event: Cry 1Ac B-99 FiberMax (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) improved fiber quality B-100 Liberty Link (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) olerance to phosphinotricin B-1O1 Nucotin 33B Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) Bt-toxin in Delta Pine lines: Cry1Ac B-102 Nucot 35B Gossypium hirsutum L. (Cotton) Bt-toxin in Delta Pine lines: Cry1Ac B-1O3 Nucotin (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) Bt-toxin in Delta Pine lines B-104 PhytoGen TM Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) covers varieties containing for example Roundup Ready flex, Widestrike, B-105 Roundup Ready Flex (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) MON88913 event B-106 Roundup Ready (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) MON1445, 1698 event B-107 Widestrike TM Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) Cry1F and Cry1Ac B-108 YIELD GARD (R) Gossypium hirsuttin L. (Cotton) B-109 Roundup Ready (R) Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) MON-00101-8, MON-OO163-7 (J101, J163) event B-110 Clearfield (R) Oryza sativa (Rice) non-GMO, tolerance to imazamox B-111 Atlantic and Superior New Leaf Soianum tuberosum L. (Potato) ATBTO4-6, ATBTO4-27, ATBTO4-30, ATBTO4-31, ATBTO4-36, SPBTO2-5, SPBTO2-7 B-112 New Leaf (R) Soianum tuberosum L. (Potato) comprises e.g. the events: RBMT15-101, SEMT15-02, SEMT15-15 B-113 New Leaf (R) plus Soianum tuberosum L. (Potato) comprises e.g. the events: RBMT21-129, RBMT21-350, RBMT22-082 B-114 Protecta (R) Soianum tuberosum L. (Potato) B-115 Russet Burbank New Leaf (R) Soianum tuberosum L. (Potato) comprises e.g. the events: BT6, BT10, BT12, BT16, BT17, BT18, BT23 B-116 Clearfield (R) Sunflower non-GMO, tolerance to imazamox B-117 Roundup Ready (R) Triticum aestivum (Wheat) MON718OO event B-118 Clearfield (R) Wheat non-GMO, tolerance to imazamox

0101 Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be gmoinforc.it/gmpbrowse.aspx an http://www.agbios.com/ treated according to the invention are plants containing trans dbase.php). 0102. Further particularly genetically modified plants formation events, or combination of transformation event that include plants containing a gene in an agronomically neutral are listed for example in the databases from various national or beneficial position as described by the event listed in Table or regional regulatory agencies (see for example http:// C.

US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 15 US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 16 US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 17 US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 18 US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

0103) In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Epoxiconazole and Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of B, or C. Epoxiconazole and AZOxystrobin on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by 0110. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of B, or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0104. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Ipconazole and Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified pea raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, Ipconazole and AZOxystrobin on genetically modified pea or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0111. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0105. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Propiconazole and Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Propiconazole and AZOxystrobin on genetically modified B, or C. peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by 0112. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of B, or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0106. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Prothioconazole and Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Prothioconazole and Azoxystrobin on genetically modified B, or C. peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by 0113. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of B, or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0107. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Metconazole and Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified pea raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, Metconazole and AZOxystrobin on genetically modified pea or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0114. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0108. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Tebuconazole and Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Tebuconazole and AZOxystrobin on genetically modified pea B, or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0.115. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0109. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Epoxiconazole and Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 20 peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by I0122. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of B, or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0116. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Ipconazole and Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified pea plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of or C. Ipconazole and Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified pea I0123. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, 0117. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Propiconazole and Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of B, or C. Propiconazole and Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified 0.124. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton B, or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, 0118. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Prothioconazole and Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of B, or C. Prothioconazole and Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified 0.125. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton B, or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, 0119. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Metconazole and Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of B, or C. Metconazole and Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified pea I0126. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, 0120 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Tebuconazole and Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of B, or C. Tebuconazole and Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified I0127. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton B, or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, 0121. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Fludioxonil and Myclobutanil. on genetically modified pea plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of or C. Epoxiconazole and Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified I0128. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton B, or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011

raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Epoxiconazole and Ipconazole on genetically modified pea B, or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the I0135) In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0129. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Metconazole and Propiconazole on genetically modified pea raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, Propiconazole and Ipconazole on genetically modified pea or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0.136. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0130. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Tebuconazole and Propiconazole on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Prothioconazole and Ipconazole on genetically modified pea B, or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0.137 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0131. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Epoxiconazole and Prothioconazole on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Metconazole and Ipconazole on genetically modified peanuts B, or C. and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0.138. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0.132. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Metconazole and Prothioconazole on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Tebuconazole and Ipconazole on genetically modified pea B, or C. nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the 0.139. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0133. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Tebuconazole and Prothioconazole on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Epoxiconazole and Propiconazole on genetically modified B, or C. peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by 0140. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of B, or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0134. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Epoxiconazole and Metconazole on genetically modified raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, Prothioconazole and Propiconazole on genetically modified B, or C. US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 22

0141. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0.148. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Tebuconazole and Metconazole on genetically modified pea raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, Prothioconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton or C. wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically 0142. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of 0149. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Epoxiconazole and Tebuconazole. on genetically modified Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by Metconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0143. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0150. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Cyproconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Tebuconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0144. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0151. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Epoxiconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Triadimenol on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0145. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0152. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of FlusilaZole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton AZOxystrobin on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0146 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0153. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Ipconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Fluoxastrobin on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0147 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0154) In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Propiconazole on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Kresoxim-methyl on genetically modified peanuts and cotton US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0155. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0162. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Picoxystrobin on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Fluopyram on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0163. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0156. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Myclobutonil on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Pyraclostrobin on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0164. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0157. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of ProchloraZ on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Trifloxystrobin on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0.165. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0158. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Spiroxamine on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Boscalid on genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically the active principle expressed by the genetically modified modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 0166 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc 0159. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of N-(3'4'-dichloro-5-fluoro11'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluorom Chlorothalonil on genetically modified peanuts and cotton ethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide on genetically wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a 0160. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc line of table A, B, or C. ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of 0167. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har Cyprodinil on genetically modified peanuts and cotton Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of wherein the active principle expressed by the genetically 5-Chlor-6-(246-trifluorphenyl)-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, or C. 124triazolo 15 apyrimidin on genetically modified pea 0161 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc nuts and cotton wherein the active principle expressed by the ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of genetically modified plant corresponds to a line of table A, B, peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton or C. plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, 0.168. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Fludioxonil on genetically modified peanuts and cotton plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 24 raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har ice, Sepiolite, dolomite and synthetic granules of inorganic Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of and organic powders and granules of organic materials such 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-11'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-ylphe as paper, sawdust, coconut shells, corn Stalks and tobacco nyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide on stalks; genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active 0.175. By liquefied gaseous diluents or supports are meant principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corre Such liquids that are gaseous at normal temperature and under sponds to a line of table A, B, or C. normal pressure, for example, aerosol propellants such as 0169. In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc halohydrocarbons as well as butane, propane, nitrogen and ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of carbon dioxide. peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton 0176 It is possible to use in the formulations adhesives plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic pow raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har dered, granular or latex-like polymers such as gum arabic, Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and natural phospholip N-2-11'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl-3-(trif. ids. Such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholip luoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide on genetically ids. Further additives can be mineral or vegetable oils and modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle waxes, optionally modified. expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a 0177 Suitable extenders are, for example, water, polar and line of table A, B, or C. non-polar organic chemical liquids, for example from the 0170 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc classes of the aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (such ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of as paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chloroben peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton Zenes), the alcohols and polyols (which, if appropriate, may plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, also be substituted, etherified and/or esterified), the ketones raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har (such as acetone, cyclohexanone), esters (including fats and Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of oils) and (poly)ethers, the unsubstituted and substituted 1-methyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-11'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-ylphe amines, amides, lactams (such as N-alkylpyrrolidones) and nyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide O lactones, the Sulphones and Sulphoxides (such as dimethyl genetically modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active Sulphoxide). principle expressed by the genetically modified plant corre 0.178 If the extender used is water, it is also possible to sponds to a line of table A, B, or C. employ, for example, organic solvents as auxiliary solvents. 0171 In a very particular embodiment a method of reduc Essentially, Suitable liquid solvents are: aromatics such as ing the contamination with aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 of Xylene, toluene or alkyl-naphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics peanut, cashew, cocoa, raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, cotton and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chloroben plants and/or plant material from peanuts, cashews, cocoa, Zenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic raisins, grapes, soybeans, manioc, cotton before or after har hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example Vest or during storage is described which comprises the use of petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols N-2-11'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl-3-(dif Such as butanol or glycol and also their ethers and esters, luoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide on genetically ketones such as acetone, methyl ethylketone, methyl isobutyl modified peanuts and cotton wherein the active principle ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as expressed by the genetically modified plant corresponds to a dimethyl Sulphoxide, and also water. line of table A, B, or C. 0179 The composition according to the invention may 0172. In a further aspect there is provided a composition also comprise additional components. In particular, the com comprising one or a combination of two or more fungicidal position may further comprise a surfactant. The Surfactant compounds selected from the group (I) according to this can be an emulsifier, a dispersing agent or a wetting agent of invention. Preferably the fungicidal composition comprises ionic or non-ionic type or a mixture of Such surfactants. agriculturally acceptable additives, solvents, carriers, Surfac Mention may be made, for example, of polyacrylic acid salts, tants, or extenders. lignoSulphonic acid salts, phenolsulphonic or naphthalene 0173 According to the invention, the term “carrier' Sulphonic acid salts, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic compound fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fatty amines, substi with which one or a combination of two or more fungicidal tuted phenols (in particular alkylphenols or arylphenols), compounds selected from the group (I) are combined or asso salts of Sulphosuccinic acid esters, taurine derivatives (in ciated to make it easier to apply, notably to the parts of the particular alkyl taurates), phosphoric esters of polyoxyethy plant. This support is thus preferably inert and should be at lated alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols, and least agriculturally acceptable. The Support may be a solid or derivatives of the present compounds containing Sulphate, a liquid. Sulphonate and phosphate functions, for example alkylaryl 0.174 Suitable solid carriers are the following: polyglycol ethers, alkyl Sulphonates, alkyl Sulphates, aryl e.g. ammonium salts and natural rock powders, such as Sulphonates, protein hydrolyzates, lignoSulphite waste kaolins, clays, talcum, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmoril liquors and methyl cellulose. The presence of at least one lonite or diatomaceous earth and synthetic rock powders such Surfactant is generally essential when the active compound as highly disperse silica, aluminium oxide and silicates, oil and/or the inert support are water-insoluble and when the waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols, preferably butanol, vector agent for the application is water. Preferably, surfac organic solvents, mineral and vegetable oils and derivatives tant content may be comprised from 5% to 40% by weight of thereof the composition. Suitable solid carriers for granules are: for example crushed 0180 Suitable emulsifiers and/or foam-forming agents and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pum are: for example non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty 0186 These compositions include not only compositions alcohol ethers, Suitable dispersants are non-ionic and/or ionic which are ready to be applied to the plant or seed to be treated Substances, for example from the classes comprising alcohol by means of a suitable device, such as a spraying or dusting POE and/or POP ethers, acid and/or POP or POE esters, device, but also concentrated commercial compositions alkyl-aryland/or POP or POE ethers, fatty and/or POP-POE which must be diluted before application to the crop. adducts, POE and/or POP polyol derivatives, POE and/or 0187. The reduction in afla- and ochratoxin contamination POP/sorbitan or sugar adducts, alkyl or aryl Sulphates, sul is carried out primarily by treating the soil and the above phonates and phosphates or the corresponding PO ether ground parts of plants with crop protection agents. Owing to adducts. Furthermore, Suitable oligomers or polymers, for the concerns regarding a possible impact of crop protection example based on vinyl monomers, acrylic acid, EO and/or agents on the environment and the health of humans and PO alone or in combination with for example (poly-) alcohols animals, there are efforts to reduce the amount of active or (poly-amines. Use can also be made of lignin and Sul compounds applied. phonic acid derivatives thereof, simple and modified cellulo 0188 The active compound and active compound combi ses, aromatic and/or aliphatic Sulphonic acids and adducts nations according to the invention can be used in its commer thereof with formaldehyde. Suitable as dispersants are for cially available formulations and in the use forms, prepared example lignoSulphite waste liquors and methylcellulose. from these formulations, as a mixture with other active com 0181 Colouring agents such as inorganic pigments, for pounds, such as attractants, sterilizing agents, bactericides, example iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyanblue, and nematicides, fungicides, growth-regulating Substances, her organic pigments such as alizarin, azo and metallophthalo bicides, Safeners, fertilizers or semiochemicals. cyanine dyes, and trace elements such as iron, manganese, 0189 The treatment of plants and plant parts with one or a boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and Zinc salts can be combination of two or more fungicidal compounds selected used. from the group (I) according to the invention is carried out 0182 Optionally, other additional components may also directly or by action on their environment, habitat or storage be included, e.g. protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, area by means of the normal treatment methods, for example thixotropic agents, penetration agents, stabilisers, sequester by watering (drenching), drip irrigation, spraying, vaporiz ing agents. More generally, the active compounds can be ing, atomizing, broadcasting, dusting, foaming, spreading combined with any solid or liquid additive, which complies on, and as a powder for dry seed treatment, a solution for seed with the usual formulation techniques. treatment, a water-soluble powderfor seed treatment, a water 0183 In general, the composition according to the inven soluble powder for slurry treatment, or by encrusting, in the tion may contain from 0.05 to 99% by weight of active com case of plant material, in particular in the case of seeds, pounds, preferably from 1 to 70% by weight, most preferably furthermore by dry treatments, slurry treatments, liquid treat from 10 to 50% by weight. ments, by one- or multi-layer coating. It is furthermore pos 0184 The combination or composition according to the sible to apply the active compounds by the ultra-low volume invention can be used as such, inform of their formulations or method, or to inject the active compound preparation or the as the use forms prepared therefrom, such as aerosol dis active compound itself into the soil. penser, capsule Suspension, cold fogging concentrate, hot 0190. The method of treatment according to the invention fogging concentrate, encapsulated granule, fine granule, also provides the use of one or a combination of two or more flowable concentrate for seed treatment, ready-to-use solu fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) in a simul tions, dustable powder, emulsifiable concentrate, emulsion taneous, separate or sequential manner. oil in water, emulsion water in oil, macrogranule, microgran 0191 The dose of active compound/application rate usu ule, oil dispersible powder, oil miscible flowable concentrate, ally applied in the method of treatment according to the oil miscible liquid, froths, paste, seed coated with a pesticide, invention is generally and advantageously Suspension concentrate (flowable concentrate), Suspensions (0192 for foliar treatments: from 0.1 to 10,000 g/ha, emulsions-concentrates, Soluble concentrate, Suspensions, preferably from 10 to 1,000 g/ha, more preferably from soluble powder, granule, water soluble granules or tablets, 50 to 300 g/ha; in case of drench or drip application, the water soluble powder for seed treatment, wettable powder, natural and synthetic materials impregnated with active com dose can even be reduced, especially while using inert pound, micro-encapsulation in polymeric materials and in substrates like rockwool or perlite; jackets for seed, as well as ULV-cold and hot fogging formu (0193 for seed treatment: from 2 to 200g per 100 kilo lations, gas (under pressure), gas generating product, plant gram of seed, preferably from 3 to 150g per 100 kilo rodlet, powder for dry seed treatment, solution for seed treat gram of seed; ment, ultra low volume (ULV) liquid, ultra low volume (ULV) (0194 for soil treatment: from 0.1 to 10,000 g/ha, pref Suspension, water dispersible granules or tablets, water dis erably from 1 to 5,000 g/ha. persible powder for slurry treatment. 0.195 The doses herein indicated are given as illustrative 0185. These formulations are prepared in a known manner examples of the method according to the invention. A person by mixing the active compounds or active compound combi skilled in the art will know how to adapt the application doses, nations with customary additives, such as, for example, cus notably according to the nature of the plant or crop to be tomary extenders and also solvents or diluents, emulsifiers, treated. dispersants, and/or bonding or fixing agent, wetting agents, 0196. The method of treatment according to the invention water repellents, if appropriate siccatives and UV stabilisers, may also be useful to treat plant material Such as seeds, colorants, pigments, defoamers, preservatives, secondary seedlings or seedlings pricking out and plants or plants prick thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and water as well further ing out. This method of treatment can also be useful to treat processing auxiliaries. roots. The method of treatment according to the invention can US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 26 also be useful to treat the over-ground parts of the plant such position of the invention for protection from pests and/or as stems, ears, tassels, silks, cobs and kernels of the concerned phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms. plant. 0202 One of the advantages of the invention is because of 0197) The invention comprises a procedure in which the the special systemic properties of the combination/composi transgenic seed is treated at the same time with one or a tion of the invention treatment with one or a combination of combination of two or more fungicidal compounds selected two or more fungicidal compounds selected from the group from the group (I). It further comprises a method in which the (I) protect not only the transgenic seed itself but also the transgenic seed is treated with one or a combination of two or plants emerging after sprouting. In this way the direct treat more fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) sepa ment of the culture at the time of sowing or shortly thereafter rately. can be omitted. 0203. A further advantage is the synergistic increase in 0198 The invention also comprises a transgenic seed, fungicidal activity of the combination/composition of the which has been treated with one or a combination of two or invention in comparison to the respective individual active more fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) at the compounds, which extends beyond the sum of the activity of same time. The invention also comprises a transgenic seed, both individually, applied active compounds. In this way an which has been treated with one or a combination of two or optimization of the amount of active compound applied is more fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) sepa made possible. rately. For the latter transgenic seed, the active ingredients can 0204. It is also be regarded as advantageous that the mix be applied in separate layers. These layers can optionally be tures of the invention can also be used in particular with such separated by an additional layer that may or may not contain transgenic seeds whereby the plants emerging from this seed an active ingredient. are capable of the expression of a protein directed against 0199 The compound or a combination of two or more pests and phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms. By fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) and/or treatment of such seed with the agents of the invention certain compositions of the invention are particularly suitable for the pests and/or phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms treatment of transgenic seeds. A large part of the damage can already be controlled by expression of the, for example, caused by pests and/or phytopathogenic fungi on cultigens insecticidal protein, and it is additionally Surprising that a occurs by infestation of the transgenic Seed during Storage synergistic activity Supplementation occurs with the agents of and after Sowing the transgenic seed in the ground as well as the invention, which improves still further the effectiveness of during and after germination of the plants. This phase is the protection from pest infestation. especially critical since the roots and shoots of the growing 0205 As already described, the treatment of transgenic plant are particularly sensitive and even a small amount of seed with a one or a combination of two or more fungicidal damage can lead to withering of the whole plant. There is compounds selected from the group (I) of the invention is of therefore considerable interest in protecting the transgenic particular importance. This concerns the seeds of plants seed and the germinating plant by the use of Suitable agents. which generally contain at least one heterologous gene that 0200. The control of pests and/or phytopathogenic fungi controls the expression of a polypeptide with special insecti by treatment of the transgenic seeds of plants has been known cidal properties. The heterologous gene in transgenic seed for a considerable time and is the object of continuous can originate from microorganisms such as Bacillus, Rhizo improvement. However, there area number of problems in the bium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, treatment of transgenic seed that cannot always be satisfac Glomus or Gliocladium. The present invention is particularly torily solved. Therefore it is worthwhile to develop methods Suitable for the treatment of transgenic seed that contains at for the protection of transgenic seeds and germinating plants least one heterologous gene that originates from Bacillus sp. which makes the additional application of plant protection and whose gene product exhibits activity against the Euro agents after seeding or after germination of the plants unnec pean corn borer and/or western corn rootworm. Particularly essary. It is further worthwhile to optimize the amount of the preferred is a heterologous gene that originates from Bacillus applied active material Such that the transgenic seed and the thuringiensis. germinating plants are protected against infestation by pests 0206 Within the context of the present invention one or a and/or phytopathogenic fungi as best as possible without the combination of two or more fungicidal compounds selected plants themselves being damaged by the active compound from the group (I) of the invention is applied to the transgenic applied. In particular, methods for the treatment transgenic seed alone or in a suitable formulation. Preferably the trans seed should also take into account the intrinsic fungicidal and genic seed is handled in a state in which it is so stable, that no insecticidal properties of transgenic plants in order to achieve damage occurs during treatment. In general treatment of the optimal protection of the transgenic seed and germinating transgenic seed can be carried out at any time between harvest plants with a minimal expenditure of plant protection agents. and Sowing. Normally transgenic seed is used that was sepa 0201 The present invention relates therefore especially to rated from the plant and has been freed of spadix, husks, a method for the protection of transgenic seed and germinat stalks, pods, wool or fruit flesh. Use of transgenic seed that ing plants from infestation with pests and/or phytopathogenic was harvested, purified, and dried to moisture content of fungi and/or microorganisms in that the transgenic seed is below 15% w/w. Alternatively, transgenic seed treated with treated with the combination/composition of the invention. In water after drying and then dried again can also be used. addition the invention relates also to the use of the combina 0207. In general care must be taken during the treatment of tion/composition of the invention for the treatment of trans the transgenic seed that the amount of one or a combination of genic seed for protection of the transgenic seed and the ger two or more fungicidal compounds selected from the group minating plants from pests and/orphytopathogenic fungi and/ (I) of the invention and/or further additive applied to the or microorganisms. Furthermore the invention relates to transgenic seed is so chosen that the germination of the trans transgenic seed which was treated with a combination/com genic seed is not impaired and the emerging plant is not US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 27 damaged. This is to be noted above all with active compounds 0217 Suitable adhesives that may be present in the seed which can show phytotoxic effects when applied in certain dressing formulations of the invention include all customary amountS. binders which can be used in seed dressing. With preference, 0208. One or a combination of two or more fungicidal mention may be made of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl compounds selected from the group (I) of the invention can be acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose. applied directly, that is without containing additional compo 0218 Suitable gibberellins that may be present in the seed nents and without being diluted. It is normally preferred to dressing formulations of the invention include preferably gib apply the combination/composition to the transgenic seed in berelin A1, A3 (gibberellinic acid), A4, and A7, particular the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and preferably gibberelin A3 (gibberellinic acid). The gibberel methods for transgenic seed treatment are known to the per lins of the formula (II) are known, the nomenclature of the son skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the gibberlins can be found the reference mentioned below (cf. R. following documents: U.S. Pat. No. 4,272,417 A, U.S. Pat. Wegler “Chemie der Pflanzen-schutz- and Schädlingsbeka No. 4245,432 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,430 A, U.S. Pat. No. impfungsmittel', Volume 2, Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidel 5,876,739 A, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 A1, berg-New York, 1970, pages 401-412). WO 20O2/O28.186 A2. 0219 Suitable mixing equipment for treating seed with 0209. One compound or a combination of two or more the seed dressing formulations to be used according to the fungicidal compounds selected from the group (I) and com invention or the preparations prepared from them by adding positions which can be used according to the invention can be water includes all mixing equipment which can commonly be converted into customary seed dressing formulations, such as used for dressing. The specific procedure adopted when Solutions, emulsions, Suspensions, powders, foams, slurries dressing comprises introducing the seed into a mixer, adding or other coating materials for seed, and also ULV formula the particular desired amount of seed dressing formulation, tions. either as it is or following dilution with water beforehand, and 0210. These formulations are prepared in a known manner carrying out mixing until the formulation is uniformly dis by mixing the active compounds or active compound combi tributed on the seed. Optionally, a drying operation follows. nations with customary additives, such as, for example, cus 0220. The invention is illustrated by the example below. tomary extenders and also solvents or diluents, colorants, The invention is not restricted to the example only. wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers, preser Vatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and 1. A method of reducing afla- or ochratoxin contamination optionally water as well. of cereal, nut, fruit, and spice plants, and/or plant material from cereals, nuts, fruits and spices before or after harvest or 0211 Suitable colorants that may be present in the seed during storage, which comprises contacting a cereal, nut, dressing formulations of the invention include all colorants fruit, or spice plant, or the plant material from cereals, nuts, customary for Such purposes. Use may be made both of fruits, or spices, before or after harvest, during storage with pigments, of sparing Solubility in water, and of dyes, which one fungicide or a combination of two or more fungicides are soluble in water. Examples that may be mentioned include selected from the group consisting of: the colorants known under the designations rhodamine B.C.I. (Ia) a member of the azole group selected from the group Pigment Red 112, and C.I. Solvent Red 1. consisting of Cyproconazole, Epoxiconazole, Flusila 0212 Suitable wetting agents that may be present in the zole, Ipconazole, Propiconzole, Prothioconazole, Met seed dressing formulations of the invention include all Sub conazole, Tebuconazole, and Triadimenol, stances which promote wetting and are customary in the (Ib) a member of the strobilurin group selected from group formulation of active agrochemical substances. With prefer consisting of AZOxystrobin Fluoxastrobin, Kresoxim ence it is possible to use alkylnaphthalene-Sulphonates. Such methyl, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, and Trilox as diisopropyl- or diisobutylnaphthalene-Sulphonates. yStrobin, and 0213 Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers that may be (Ic) fungicide selected from the group consisting of Bos present in the seed dressing formulations of the invention calid, Chlorothalonil, Cyprodinil, Fludioxonil, Fluopy include all nonionic, anionic, and cationic dispersants which ram, Myclobutonil, Prochloraz, Spiroxamine, N-(3',4'- are customary in the formulation of active agrochemical Sub dichloro-5-fluro 1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-3- stances as outlined above. (difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4- 0214 Suitable defoamers that may be present in the seed carboxamide, 5-Chlor-6-(4,6-trifluorohenyl)-7-(4- dressing formulations of the invention include all foam-in methylpiperidin-1-yl)1.2.4 triazolo 1.5-alpyrimidin, hibiting Substances which are customary in the formulation of 1-methyl-N-(2-1 ethyl-1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-ylphe active agrochemical substances. With preference it is possible nyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1N-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, to use silicone defoamers and magnesium Stearate. N-2-1.1"-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl-3- 0215 Suitable preservatives that may be present in the (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 1-me seed dressing formulations of the invention include all Sub thyl-N-(2-1'-methyl-1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-ylphe stances which can be used for Such purposes in agrochemical nyl-3(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, compositions. By way of example, mention may be made of and N-(2-1.1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl)phenyl-1-methyl dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal. 3-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide. 0216 Suitable secondary thickeners that may be present in 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cereal, the seed dressing formulations of the invention include all nut, fruit or spice plant, and/or plant material from cereals, Substances which can be used for Such purposes in agro nuts, fruits, or spices is genetically modified. chemical compositions. Preferred suitability is possessed by 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the afla- and cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, Xanthan, modi ochratoxin contamination is caused by infestation of plants fied clays, and highly disperse silica. and/or plant material with Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus US 2011/020681.6 A1 Aug. 25, 2011 28 parasiticus and Aspergillus nomius, A. ochraceus, A. carbon 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fungicide arius or P viridicatum, before or after harvest, or during combination is selected from the group consisting oftebu Storage. conazole and prothioconazole, tebuconazole and triflox 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is yStrobin, and trifloxystrobin and prothioconazole. selected from the group consisting of a peanut, cashew, cocoa, 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant raisin, grape, soybean, manioc, and cotton plant. and/or plant material before or after harvest or during Storage 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the afla- and are further treated with one or more attractants, sterilizing ochratoxin are selected from the group consisting of aflatoxin agents, bactericides, nematicides, fungicides, growth-regu B1, B2, G1, and G2 or and ochratoxin A, B, and C. lating Substances, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers, inoculants, 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fungicide or other plant-growth influencing compounds, or is selected from the group consisting of Epoxiconazole, semiochemicals. Ipconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole, Trifloxystrobin, Cyprodinil, and Fludioxonil.