OCTOBER 29, 2018

time.com VOL. 192, NO. 17 | 2018

4 | Conversation TheView Features △ 6 | For the Record TimeOf Carolyn Eberly, Ideas, opinion, What to watch, read, innovations  Democrats’ Deep Roots see and do left, and Ava TheBrief Inside the movement that Williamson, right, News from the U.S. 17 | Eric Holder on | isremaking the party 53 Melissa visit a home in and around the world the consequences of McCarthy turns to South Charlotte, By Charlotte Alter22 7 | Airmative voter suppression the dark side N.C., where they action on trial canvassed for 20 | Ian Bremmer: The Heartland Strategy 56 | What to stream Dan McCready, a 11 | Remembering Japans calculus To retake Congress, Democrats for Halloween Democrat running Microsoft in the China-U.S. focus on the Midwest for Congress, on trade war 57 | Paul Dano co-founder By Philip Elliott29 Sept. 26 Paul Allen discusses his 20 | Remember directorial debut, Photograph by 12 | TIME with ... the PalmPilot? Health Care 50 Wildlife, starring Dina Litovsky— Redux for TIME unlikely newsmaker What a new and The most inluential people Jake Gyllenhaal Stormy Daniels unimproved version in health care By TIME staf33 says about the 60 | 9 Questions 14 | Digging out smartphone market The Pariah Prince for historian after Hurricane Joseph J. Ellis ON THE COVER: Michael The disappearance of journalist Photo- Jamal Khashoggi undoes the image illustration by of a Saudi scionBy Karl Vick42 Pablo Delcan for TIME. Asia’s #MeToo Movement Stickers: A rallying cry spreads across the Jenue; continentBy Suyin Haynes, Aria Trump: Drew Angerer— Hangyu Chen48 Getty Images

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Maysoun / Breast Cancer Researcher Jessica / Breast Cancer Patient

With one in eight women diagnosed with breast cancer in her lifetime, researchers are accelerating new, highly targeted combination therapies that attack cancer cells more precisely and completely, raising the success level of treatment. This is the future of medicine. For all of us. GoBoldly.com Conversation

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TRUMPISM BEYOND TRUMP Several readers wrote that they were spooked by the Oct. 22 cover illustration that showed many future elections’ worth of Trump lawn signs, as a metaphor for how the President’s ideology will endure. Michael Morris of Hamden, Conn., called it the ‘Must have scariest TIME cover been TIME’s since “Is God Dead?” Halloween in 1966, and Michelle issue ... The NEW SOUTHERN PHOTOGRAPHY TIME.com spotlights two Szabo of Austin said scariest recently opened exhibitions—at the Ogden Museum of Southern Art she was worried cover I have in New Orleans and South Carolina’s Halsey Institute of Contemporary Art at the College of Charleston—that show how contemporary Trump would con- ever seen!’ photographers (like Susan Worsham, whose 2009 photo of a sider the image an JOYCE DUDASH, Richmond, Va., Marine is above) are capturing the changing endorsement for a Lorain, Ohio American South. See more at time.com/south-photos perpetual presidency. But Mitchell Hall of Cambridge, Mass., tweeted that the cover story by Sam Tanenhaus was an “encourag- bonus ing” one. Tab Lyn Uno of Clearield, Utah, ar- TIME gued that Democratic candidates would ben- politics eit from incorporating more of the economic populism that the story described into their Subscribe to platforms too, for they “have overlooked the TIME’s free politics importance of the white, male worker.” newsletter and get MUSIC British pop star Charli XCX recently exclusive news and insights from NEXT GENERATION LEADERS The Oct. 22 spoke to TIME.com about her rise to fame. “The music I’ve made has allowed me to Washington, sent global TIME covers featured members of the be who I want to be,” she said. “It deinitely straight to your inbox. latest cohort of Next Generation Leaders— took me time to ind out who that was.” For more, visit time. including one with the K-pop band BTS, Watch at time.com/charli-xcx-video com/politicsemail whose legions of fans shared the image ‘It was with millions of fol- SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT ▶ In the Brief (Oct. 22), we misspelled an honor lowers. Jimmy Fallon the surname of Nigerian presidential candidate Atiku Abubakar.

and joy to held up the cover fea- ART CONTEMPORARY OF INSTITUTE WORSHAM—HALSEY SUSAN TALK TO US work with turing actor-activist ▽ ▽ @amandla Amandla Stenberg SEND AN EMAIL: FOLLOW US: stenberg ... when he interviewed [email protected] facebook.com/time Her @time her on Oct. 10, and Please do not send attachments @time (Twitter and Instagram) has come the French press cel- ebrated the cover Letters should includethewriter’sfullname,addressandhome RUSSELL HORNSBY, photo of soccer star telephone and may be edited for purposes of clarity and space who stars with Stenberg in Kylian Mbappé, who The Hate U Give led France to the 2018 Back Issues Contact us at [email protected] or World Cup champion- call 1-800-274-6800. Reprints and Permissions Information is available at time.com/reprints. To request custom reprints, Advertising ship. Journalist Axel visit timereprints.com. For advertising rates and Please recycle this Roux joked that he should run for President our editorial calendar, visit timemediakit.com. Syndication magazine and remove For international licensing and syndication requests, visit inserts or samples of France: “#Mbappé2022.” timeinc.com/syndication. before recycling       Pearl Seas Cruises®

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‘Australia should be open- ‘NO minded to this, and $630,000 I am open- Value of the stamps a New minded LAUGHING Orleans post office manager is accused of stealing, in to this.’ what authorities are calling one of the Postal Service’s SCOTT MORRISON, largest-ever internal thefts Australian Prime Minister, on moving his country’s embassy in Israel from MATTER.’ Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, as the U.S. did earlier this year THE CITY OF SAVANNAH, GA., in a Facebook post, after a vandal stuck googly eyes on its C, statue of Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene 60% '21 7 Approximate percentage 7+,1. of Americans of European descent whose DNA could be identifiable through genealogy ,7 6 $ sites even if they aren’t registered users, according to a study in Science +2$; DONALD TRUMP, U.S. President, in an Oct. 14 ‘I think one 60 Minutes interview, reversing his earlier stated C,ORYHKLP view on climate change; “I has to regard don’t know that it’s man- WRGHDWK made,” he added, despite this as a victory overwhelming scientiic 3DUW\GRHVQ W consensus that it is VHSDUDWHXV for humanity

MICHELLE OBAMA, asawhole.’ American cheese former U.S. First Lady, on Processed-cheese PIERRE KOMPANY, her friendship with former sales fall as mayor-elect of the Brussels borough of Ganshoren; President George W. Bush; consumers seek out a Congolese refugee who in 1975 led a country protocol dictates that they more natural dairy are often seated next to each that was once under ruthless Belgian colonial other at oficial functions control, he will be the irst black mayor in Belgium ILLUSTRATIONS BY BROWN BIRD DESIGN FOR TIME FOR DESIGN BIRD BROWN BY ILLUSTRATIONS

BAD WEEK 70 GOOD WEEK

Approximate number of stray cats that Cream cheese Svetlana Logunova cares for as the new Apple adds a official guardian of homeless felines schmear to the in Zelenogradsk, Russia; her monthly bagel emoji, per budget for the task is about $85 users’ suggestions

6 TIME October 29, 2018 SOURCES: AP; BLOOMBERG; DOJ; GUARDIAN AUSTRALIA; NEW YORK TIMES; REUTERS; USA TODAY THE OLD COLLEGE TRY A demonstrator displays placards outside a courthouse in Boston on Oct. 15

INSIDE

THE VATICAN SHOWS SMALL MISS IRAQ 2015 FLEES HER MICROSOFT CO-FOUNDER SIGNS OF CHANGE IN APPROACH COUNTRY AMID HIGH-PROFILE PAUL ALLEN LEAVES BEHIND TO ITS SEX-ABUSE CRISIS ATTACKS ON WOMEN A MULTIFACETED LEGACY

PHOTOGRAPH BY LIU JIE TheBrief Opener

EDUCATION airmative-action eforts. Harvard’s approach won praise in the 1978 Supreme Court case Regents of the University With Harvard on trial, of California v. Bakke, which struck down a quota-based so is airmative action admissions policy at the University of California but upheld airmative action more broadly, pointing to the By Katie Reilly Cambridge, Mass., school as a good example because it considered race as a “plus.” But that case and others ONG BEFORE IT OPENED IN U.S. DISTRICT challenging the use of race in admissions have featured Court in Boston on Oct. 15, the trial over the use white students, a notable diference from the Boston of race in Harvard University admissions had all suit. Meanwhile, a newly conservative Supreme Court L the makings of a landmark case. In fact, the case increases the likelihood that previous rulings upholding stands to reconigure the place of diversity in the Ameri- airmative action could be overturned if the case makes can educational landscape. it to the highest court. At its center is the oft-debated subject of airmative “The current composition strongly suggests that af- action in college admissions. Those policies traditionally irmative action’s days are numbered,” says Justin Driver, beneit African-American and Latino students in an efort a University of Chicago law professor whose new book to ofset centuries of racial discrimination, but the lawsuit The Schoolhouse Gate covers how courts have shaped alleges that Harvard’s implementation of those ideas dis- education. criminates against Asian Americans. Harvard, which has Scholars aren’t the only ones who think the case could defended its “holistic” process, says the school strives for have deep ramiications. The Students for Fair Admissions diversity as part of its educational mission but denies that group was founded by Edward Blum, a conservative activ- any of its practices are discriminatory. ist who opposes all race-based admissions policies. Blum “Harvard cannot achieve its educational goals without has brought several other cases challenging airmative ac- considering race,” William Lee, an attorney for the univer- tion, including Fisher v. University of Texas, which resulted sity, said in court, according to news reports, adding that in a 2016 ruling that the university’s race-conscious ad- race is never considered negatively in applications. missions program was legal. He has been explicit about his But attorneys representing Students for Fair Admis- goal: to end airmative action for everyone everywhere. sions, the group that brought the suit, will spend the next “Race and ethnicity should not be a factor when a three weeks arguing that Harvard uses what amounts to student applies to a university like Harvard or the Uni- a racial-quota system, manipulating the pro- versity of North Carolina or the University of cess to “[achieve] essentially the same racial Texas, or any university,” Blum said in prepared balance year over year.” Their suit, which has ‘In a multi- remarks at a Boston rally the day before the trial JIE—XINHUA/SI LIU BLUM: PAGES: THESE USA; XINHUA/SIPA PAGE: PREVIOUS received support from the Trump Administra- racial, multi- started. “In a multiracial, multiethnic nation like tion, will focus on indings that Harvard as- ethnic nation ours, the admissions bar cannot be raised for signs a lower “personal rating” score to Asian- like ours, the some races and lowered for others.” American applicants as a group, who otherwise admissions Critics have accused Blum of “exploiting” outperform other racial groups in academics and bar cannot Asian-American students in pursuit of an agenda extracurriculars. be raised for that could, by devaluing diversity, ultimately harm Asian Americans, about 6% of the U.S. some races.’ them too. Surveys also show that a majority of population, make up nearly 23% of Harvard’s Asian Americans support airmative-action poli- most recent class of admitted students, while EDWARD BLUM, cies, though support among Chinese Americans de- African-American students make up 15% and conservative activist creased to 38% this year, according to APIAVote and Hispanic or Latino students make up 12%. Har- AAPI Data. vard irst admitted a majority of nonwhite stu- “Race-conscious admissions is a limited tool, dents two years ago. but it’s still a tool needed to recruit and retain ra- But while Harvard is, well, Harvard, it’s still cially diverse student bodies,” says Julie Park, an as-

just one school. In his opening arguments, Adam sociate professor of education at the University of LIPINSKI—POOL/REUTERS DOMINIC SUSSEX: PA USA; Mortara, a lawyer representing the plaintifs, Maryland, who studies Asian-American students took a narrow view of the case’s implications. and airmative action. Park served as a consulting “This trial is about what Harvard has done and expert in the case on the side of Harvard. “I think if is doing to Asian-American applicants, and how this case or another case leads to a nationwide ban far Harvard has gone in its zeal to use race in the on race-conscious admissions, everyone is going to admissions process,” Mortara said in court, add- lose out, including Asian Americans.” ing that “the future of airmative action in col- But such a ban is just what Blum wants. lege admissions is not on trial.” “Regardless of the outcome of this trial,” Blum said at the rally, “the movement to end racial classi- EXPERTS SEE IT DIFFERENTLY. For decades, ications and preferences in college admissions will courts have tended to approve of careful not end.” □

8 TIME October 29, 2018 NEWS TICKER Warren releases DNA test results

Massachusetts Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren on Oct. 15 released the results of a DNA test showing she has a Native American ancestor “6–10 generations ago.” President Trump has repeatedly mocked her claims of Native American heritage; she tweeted that the test was a response to his “racism.”

UP CLOSE AND PERSONAL Prince Harry and Meghan Markle, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, China says its meet a koala at a Sydney zoo on Oct. 16. As the couple began a 16-day royal tour of Oceania, they Muslim camps announced that they are expecting their irst child in spring 2019. are ‘humane’

China broke its silence on Oct. 16 on the THE BULLETIN indoctrination camps where an estimated Pope Francis takes faltering steps 1 million minority forward on church abuse crisis Uighur Muslims are being detained. China AN UNUSUALLY FRANK STATEMENT FROM SAVING THE CHURCH Soon after his papacy said the camps are a “humane” part of a the Vatican announced on Oct. 13 that two began in 2013, Francis set up a commission “deradicalization” and retired Chilean bishops have been expelled to “protect minors.” The church has since re- education program, from the priesthood for the “manifest abuse moved several high-proile igures accused contrary to their of minors.” Coming only a day after Pope of abuse, including Washington Archbishop characterization by Francis accepted the resignation of U.S. Theodore McCarrick. But many were disap- groups like Amnesty International. Cardinal Donald Wuerl over mismanag- pointed when Francis praised Wuerl’s “no- ing past abuse cases, the move suggested bility” in resigning, and the commission has that church leaders are recognizing the se- been criticized for toothlessness in pursuing riousness of the sprawling child-sex-abuse those who ignored crimes. Washington scandal—though it remains unclear whether ends capital the Pope will take the zero-tolerance stance AFTER THE FALL The abuse, which has also punishment that victims and advocates demand. rocked Ireland, Spain, Germany and Aus- Washington’s supreme tralia in recent years, has shaken trust in court struck down the BLAME GAME Over 100 clergy are under the Catholic Church and contributed to its state’s death penalty investigation in Chile, which has proved a global decline in inluence. (The percentage on Oct. 11, citing weak point for Francis, the irst Latin Amer- of Catholics who attend Mass at least once evidence of racial bias ican Pope. In January, he caused an outcry a week has dropped in Europe from 37% in in its use. Washington is the 20th U.S. state by accusing victims of “slander.” Francis 1980 to 20% in 2012; in the Americas, it fell to abolish capital later apologized, saying he’d made “grave from 52% to 29%.) Pope Francis has called punishment and the errors” with that reaction. In May, after a for an extraordinary conference on the issue third to do so partly on Vatican report alleged a cover-up, all 34 ac- to be held in February. The strategy he set- the basis of evidence tive Chilean bishops ofered their resigna- tles on there could deine his papacy and of racial disparities. tions. So far, the Pope has accepted seven. the future of the church. —CIARA NUGENT 9 TheBrief News

GOOD QUESTION singular incidents,” Mohammed told Ger- Why did a former Miss man media from the airport moments before NEWS she led Iraq. “The killings have been done TICKER Iraq flee her country? against women who reveal their bodies, who reveal their faces, are outspoken on women’s Yemen faces IT WAS THE LAST THURSDAY IN SEPTEMBER rights—women who did not submit to con- worst famine when 22-year-old social-media icon Tara ventional Islamic ways.” in 100 years Fares was gunned down in Baghdad. It was Hanaa Edwar, head of the Iraqi Women a Thursday in August when a well-known Network, tells TIME that even if the killings Up to 13 million civilians in Yemen beautician was found dead in her home, and were not carried out by the same group, “they could be at risk of the Thursday before that when a plastic sur- are linked in their extremist approach and in starvation in the next geon nicknamed Iraq’s Barbie died in mys- their thinking that they don’t want women in three months if the terious circumstances. Then a former Miss the public sphere.” war there is not halted, Iraq, Shimaa Qasim Abdulrahman, was told Iraqi women once enjoyed some of the according to the U.N. A famine of that scale she too would become one of the so-called most progressive laws in the Arab region. But would be the world’s Thursday victims. since 2003, activists have noted a deterio- worst in 100 years. The The terriied pageant queen, who won ration of women’s rights. After the U.S.-led war, supported by the the title in 2015, says she has repeatedly re- coalition toppled Saddam Hussein’s regime, U.S. and Saudi Arabia, ceived threats from ISIS members. But it was extremist militias lourished. As Iraq this has claimed tens of thousands of lives the brazen assassination of Fares and a chill- month establishes its new cabinet, nearly ive since it began in 2015. ing warning—“you’re next”—that impelled months after national elections, Edwar says Qasim into exile in Jordan to escape the fate the militias want to emphasize that “safety of women “being slaughtered like chickens.” and security is in their hands and not the Hackers attack “They killed many people in broad day- government’s.” North Carolina light. I couldn’t wait to be killed and then say, Outgoing Iraqi Prime Minister Haider water utility ‘Oh, that was a serious threat?’” she told the al-Abadi has blamed the “well-planned kid- Kurdish news site Rudaw on Oct. 8. nappings and killings” on unspeciied or- Hackers perpetrated Qasim joins a number of prominent ganized groups trying to destabilize the a ransomware attack Iraqi women, including Instagram star Israa government, though no group has claimed on the Onslow Water al-Obaidi and activist Yanar Mohammed, responsibility. Edwar agrees that some fac- and Sewer Authority in who are seeking safety abroad. tions beneit from instability but says those Jacksonville, N.C., the utility revealed Oct. 15, The series of deaths and threats of con- responsible have another goal too—one that’s 11 days after it began tinued violence have not only sent shock been tragically steady. experiencing problems. waves through Iraq; they have also sparked “They want to send the message,” she Oficials said the fears of a coordinated campaign against says, “that women should stay away from po- water supply was not women who dare to speak out and defy gen- litical life.” in danger. The area is still recovering from der norms. “The attacks on women were not —LAIGNEE BARRON Hurricane Florence.

Do your ALCOHOL chores, Lavish liquor Assange told In auctions on Oct. 13, ive bottles of wine sold for nearly $2 million in total; each joined the ranks of the priciest bottles in history. Here, more record-breaking booze. —Precious Adesina The government of Ecuador has ordered WikiLeaks founder WEALTHY WHISKEY COSTLY COGNAC VALUABLE VODKA Julian Assange, who October also A London bar sold A bottle of vodka has been holed up in smashed the a shot of cognac for touted as the world’s its London embassy record for a bottle over $14,000 on most expensive— since 2012, to clean of whiskey, when March 21; it was the worth $1.3 million, the bathroom and take a private collector irst to be poured with a diamond- better care of his cat. in Asia who bid by from a 124-year-old encrusted cap—was He must also avoid phone snatched up a bottle distilled by found empty at a talking about political 60-year-old Macallan French cognac house construction site issues if he wants Valerio Adami 1926, Jean Fillioux and after it was stolen to keep his Internet sold by Bonhams, for discovered in its from a Copenhagen privileges, which were over $1.1 million. cellar in 2004. bar on Jan. 2. recently restored after months of restrictions.

10 TIME October 29, 2018 Milestones

DIED DECLARED William Coors, a grandson of the Bankruptcy founder of the Coors for Sears brewery, at 102, on Oct. 13. A longtime The store that leader of his family’s shaped an era company, he was an outspoken proponent WHEN RICHARD W. SEARS of conservatism. started a mail-order catalog business in 1888 with Alvah C. BEGUN Roebuck, it sold only watches Legal marijuana and jewelry. More than 150 sales in Canada, on Oct. 17. Canada years later, their time has became the second stopped, for now at least: on country where pot is Oct. 15, Sears, once America’s legal nationally, after top retailer, iled for Chap- Uruguay. ter 11 bankruptcy protection. ARRIVED The catalog, which TIME Pastor Andrew once called “America’s family Brunson on U.S. album,” launched during the soil, after two years’ golden age of railroads. That imprisonment in Turkey on terrorism technology helped Sears pro- charges, on Oct. 13. vide customers with goods Brunson later met ranging from appliances to with President Trump. clothing—and, at one point, CONVENED 35 lb. of gumdrops for $1.65. A World Health As cities and chains grew, Organization meeting Sears again took advantage of on Ebola in the Dem- the changes, opening its irst ocratic Republic of Allen at his New York City home on Oct. 15, 2015 store, in Chicago, in 1925. As Congo, on Oct. 17; the group decided the economy boomed after not to designate the DIED World War II, so did Sears, ongoing outbreak an which had more than 700 lo- emergency of global Paul Allen cations by the mid-1950s. concern. Influential intellect But nimble competition CHANGED By Bill Gates emerged. Sears started to lose The name of the market share to lower-cost re- Indian city Allahabad EVEN WHEN WE WERE IN HIGH SCHOOL, PAUL ALLEN COULD tailers and failed to anticipate to Prayagraj, which see that computers would change the world. Paul—who died on the ’90s dotcom boom—and has Hindu asso- Oct. 15 at 65 of complications from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma— the attendant return to shop- ciations rather than Muslim ones, by was instrumental in creating and building Microsoft, which ping by mail. Its last catalog its state’s Hindu- we launched together in 1975. But the interests and knowledge was issued in 1993, and now

EW YORK TIMES/REDUX; SEARS: HOUSTON CHRONICLE/AP nationalist leaders, he loved to share with those around him reached far beyond analysts say it just can’t com- on Oct. 16. computing. pete with Amazon. The com- CONFIRMED Paul loved sailing, science, sports, making music and exploring pany that once sold practi- Sixty-two U.S. cases the world. His generosity was as wide-ranging as his curiosity—he cally everything may be left of a rare polio-like was passionate about ending elephant poaching, building smart selling practically everything. illness called acute cities and accelerating brain research. His impact was felt most —OLIVIA B. WAXMAN laccid myelitis this strongly in Seattle. Paul loved our hometown. He helped build year, by the Centers for Disease Control homeless shelters and promoted arts education. He established and Prevention, on one of the neatest museums I’ve seen, the Museum of Pop Cul- Oct. 16. ture, and helped make sure his beloved sports teams stayed in the Paciic Northwest by purchasing the NBA’s Portland Trail Blazers PUBLISHED and, later, the NFL’s Seattle Seahawks. The world will remember A study showing that climate change may Paul as a technologist and philanthropist whose passion touched make beer more millions of lives. But when I remember him, it will also be as a expensive, in the man who held his family and friends dear. I will miss him. journal Nature Plants, Gates is an entrepreneur and philanthropist and a co-founder of Microsoft. He is a on Oct. 15.

WINE: FABRICE COFFRINI—AFP/GETTY IMAGES; ALLEN: JOSHUA BRIGHT—THE N co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

11 TheBrief TIME with ...

Provocateur to worry about her next meal: “It used to be that a hunger pang would create panic,” she says. Stormy Daniels takes For those reasons and more, Daniels defends an unexpected turn in the using her current spotlight to her advantage, stacking up paid performances and unpaid national spotlight interviews, in the name of building her brand. “I’m By Susanna Schrobsdorf doing the same thing I’ve always done,” she says. “But if you drive an ice cream truck and the city has a heat wave, you’d be an idiot not to drive your ice cream truck.” Almost nothing makes her angrier TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IT MEANS TO BE FAMOUS these days than being called a “retired” porn star, as like Stormy Daniels, for the reasons she is famous, several reporters have done, as if the revelation of spend time with her in a public space. She walks l’afaire Trump ofered her a comeback. She points quickly, her head down, blending in with the out that the story about her NDA broke last January, neighborhood moms at an upscale Manhattan DANIELS and weeks later, she was nominated in multiple mall—petite, hardly noticeable in jeans, sneakers QUICK categories at the Adult Video News awards for her and a gray, long-sleeved T-shirt. But her anonymity FACTS previous work. “How is that retired?” she says. is deliberate. She avoids eye contact, folding into BUT HER NEW PERCH herself as if pressing into a ierce wind. Serious in the global limelight has Once inside the shelter of a photo studio, she equestrian taken a toll she couldn’t have foreseen nearly two unfurls, becoming yet again the woman we know Daniels years ago, when lawyer Michael Avenatti ofered from the media: wry, unlinching and lightning began riding to help her challenge her NDA. There has been the quick with a snarky retort. It has been an incendiary horses as a wave of death threats and the sudden need for body- year. On Oct. 15, a California judge threw out the girl and has guards. But worse, there was the repeated publi- continued to defamation case she iled against Donald Trump. compete into cation of her given name, annihilating the already Her other lawsuit against the President, over a adulthood, limsy wall of privacy between her profession and nondisclosure agreement (NDA) that forbade her occasionally her home life. (TIME has published Daniels’ legal to talk about their alleged 2006 afair, continues to on a horse name in the past, and it is readily available online.) wend its way through the court system. named Ziggy She worked for years to escape the instability of her Star Rocker. Over the past year, Daniels, 39, has become the youth, to build a career, however unorthodox, to Zelig of White House scandals. Her NDA, in which Hollywood create a home in Texas and buy horses and teach her she and Trump were both referred to by pseudo- veteran 8-year-old daughter to ride. And now that life has nyms, was irst reported in January, and in August, While best been overturned, perhaps permanently. She shields the President’s former personal lawyer Michael known for her the girl from the news—no TV, no radio—but there’s adult ilms, Cohen admitted to working with Trump to pay her Daniels has inevitably a limit to how long she can protect her. $130,000 in hush money. A day later, Trump re- appeared in Daniels grieves over the way her sudden fame versed his previous story, saying he’d known about mainstream has afected the people in her life, even near the deal with Daniels and paid Cohen back himself. licks like The strangers, like the two young women who were And while the saga has barely ruled the 40-Year-Old arrested with her at a Ohio strip club in July. It was a Virgin and President’s poll numbers, it has transformed Knocked Up. controversial raid that Daniels insists was politically Daniels’ life, making her simultaneously a target of motivated and that Columbus police chief Kim vitriol and a hero for feminists, depending on which Behind the Jacobs later admitted was a mistake. (Charges side of the Trump divide you’re on. “Who would camera involving touching patrons were later dropped.) But have thought that 90 seconds with Donald Trump Daniels, who the damage was done, Daniels says, not so much to writes many would turn into 90% of my life?” she asks. of her own her as to the other two women. “Those girls’ lives Lost somewhere in all this is the story of a girl scripts, is a are ruined because their mug shots and real names who grew up in Baton Rouge, La., deep in what is rare female are printed in the paper, and printed in a story that now Trump country. The childhood she describes in director in has my name in it,” she says. “So they’re forever her new memoir, Full Disclosure, aNewYorkTimes the adult-ilm attached to the ‘dirty porn star.’” industry. best-seller, was marked by resilience in the face of Perhaps most painful, Daniels says, is that her deprivation, neglect and sexual abuse. She was a marriage has not withstood the drama that her life smart kid who got A’s at the local magnet school but has become. That alleged encounter in a hotel with went home to a house that had rats and roaches and Trump happened years before she and her husband not enough to eat. She writes that she has already began dating around 2010, but Daniels says she beaten the odds because, by all accounts, she should never told him. Instead, he found out on the news. be “living in a trailer with no teeth.” As with a lot of “If I could do it over, I would have tried harder to people who grew up without resources, her unease ind an appropriate time to tell my husband,” she about money lingered long after she didn’t have says. (Her husband iled for divorce in July.)

12 TIME October 29, 2018 IN HER BOOK, Daniels makes the case that she is a responded quickly and in kind: “Game on, Tiny.” lot more than that one encounter with a reality-TV Though powerless in any traditional sense, Daniels star. But when I ask if she worries she’ll share the is clearly no shrinking violet. Label her a whore and fate of Monica Lewinsky, who struggled for de- she just laughs, impervious to shaming. “That’s rich cades to escape the shadow of a relationship with a ‘Who whore,” she counters,thankyouverymuch. President, the answer is yes. “I’d like to be remem- would I ask if the omnipresent Avenatti is using her to bered for being a fair and good leader” of her ilm- have build his career and a possible presidential bid. “If production crew, she says. “But let’s face it, I’m thought he runs for President, I’m going to run against him,” going to be known as the porn star who slept with she jokes. But no, he’s not exploiting her, she insists. Donald Trump.” That reputation, she fears, will not that 90 If anything, it’s the other way around. “I’ve paid him only deine her; it will likely preclude any other ro- seconds all of $20, though he doesn’t like me telling anyone mantic relationship. Any future partner would “be would that,” she says, laughing. “If he wasn’t already bald, teased and tortured relentlessly,” she says. turn into he would be bald by now because of me.” (And no, It’s a profoundly sad revelation, complicated in 90% of she says, there’s nothing between them.) part by Daniels’ unlappable resolve. She does not my life?’ In mid-October, Daniels lew to Berlin to con- regret coming forward, she insists. She does not re- tinue her book tour. Inevitably she will be asked gret “telling the truth.”But the fallout has lasted STORMY DANIELS about the President and his private parts. She’ll an- longer than she ever expected. When her defama- swer gamely, pushing her memoir, punching above tion suit was tossed out, Trump attacked her on her weight, and then pack up for the next city. It’s a Twitter, going after her looks, as he often does with bargain she made willingly, even if she didn’t quite female foes. “Great, now I can go after Horseface know the price. So there’s nothing to do but to keep and her 3rd rate lawyer in the Great State of Texas,” moving, head down, not knowing exactly what her

HEATHER STEN FOR TIME he wrote, referring to her ongoing lawsuit. Daniels life will look like when the winds let up.  13 LightBox Damage assessment A search-and-rescue team walks past a pile of debris in Mexico Beach, Fla., on Oct. 12, two days after Hurricane Michael made landfall in the Florida panhandle as one of the most powerful storms ever to hit the U.S. mainland. The coastal city had been under mandatory evacuation orders, but state oficials said roughly 280 people, about a quarter of its population, chose to stay; at least two people were killed there, out of at least 29 deaths in total. Days later several remained missing, even as the city prepared to begin allowing residents to return.

Photograph by David Goldman—AP/Shutterstock ▶ For more of our best photography, visit time.com/lightbox

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INSIDE

CHANGING THE WHAT JAPAN THINKS THE SAD TRUTHS WAY HOLLYWOOD OF THE U.S.-CHINA OF A NEW MAKES HEROES TRADE WAR SMARTPHONE

17 TheView Opener

If a student moves from one campus dorm to another, they could be forced to register to vote in a completely diferent congressional district. Until 2016, the school’s predomi- nantly African-American student body voted in the state’s 12th Congressional District. But after federal courts found that Republicans had illegally divvied up North Carolina’s congressional map by race—including in the 12th District—to help ensure that the party would have far greater power than its voter support would merit, Republican state legislators crafted a new congressional map based on partisanship instead. One result of their efort was to divide the North Caro- lina A&T campus in half, cracking the school community and leaving the stu- dents with diminished voting power. While Republicans in North Caro- lina have been particularly brazen—one A woman votes on state representative even admitted that Nov. 8, 2016, in in 2016 they drew themselves into a Durham, N.C. 10-3 majority in the congressional del- egation because they were simply un- able to create a map with 11 Republican vant cases. One was in Wisconsin, where Representatives. seats—their attempts to suppress the Republicans drew laughable maps—but This weakens our democracy. It vote are part of a much larger national ef- the other was in Maryland, where Demo- makes some voters’ ballots more power- fort. While literacy tests, the poll tax and crats ensured that seven of the state’s ful than others. And by eliminating truly Jim Crow are now of a bygone era, new eight congressional seats went to that competitive elections, it encourages methods have been enacted to facilitate party, in a state that in 2014 elected a Re- politicians to vote for laws that put the discrimination and voter disenfranchise- publican governor. There is a history of interests of a few before the well-being of ment. In many places, Republicans have both parties using gerrymandering to all, with no electoral consequence. fundamentally changed the electoral sys- their advantage, but recent inappropri- tem in a way that undermines the prin- ate redistricting eforts have by far been THE SECOND deining moment was the ciple of “one person, one vote.” the creation of Republicans. And the im- fallout from the Supreme Court’s 2013 pacts of their eforts have been profound Shelby County decision, which, under THERE HAVE BEEN two deining mo- and enduring. me, the Justice Department opposed. ments in these eforts. The irst came In 2012, Democrats won 1.37 mil- The decision was centered around a after Republicans gained majority lion more votes than Republicans in key element of the Voting Rights Act of power at the state and local level during U.S. House of Representatives races— 1965, which made more diicult the en- the 2010 midterms. In the 2011 reap- but Republicans won a 33-seat major- actment of discriminatory state laws or portionment of seats, the GOP locked ity. The same kinds of results have oc- practices that sought to disenfranchise themselves into power through unprec- curred at the state legislative level. Just voters of color. The act was largely re- edented gerrymandering, the practice last year in Virginia, Democrats won sponsible for minimizing racially based of drawing absurdly shaped voting dis- 54% of the statewide vote in races for the voter discrimination in substantial parts tricts for the sake of outsize political ad- house of delegates, but Republicans still of the country. Under the law, jurisdic- vantage. This happens often through a maintained a one-seat majority in the tions with a history of discriminatory combination of consolidating—or pack- chamber. behavior had to “preclear” with the U.S. ing—the opposition’s voters into a mini- While I’m conident there will be a Department of Justice any changes to mal number of districts when possible blue wave in the upcoming midterms, voting laws or procedures that might af- IMAGES D. DAVIS—GETTY SARA or otherwise widely distributing—or I’m concerned that it will be weakened fect minorities. The legislation had an cracking—them so that candidates sup- by a gerrymandered Republican seawall. astounding efect: In Mississippi, the ported by these voters can be more easily Some research shows that Democrats percentage of the eligible black voter defeated. will have to win the national popular population increased from not even 7% In June, the Supreme Court mistak- vote by up to 11 percentage points just to in 1965 to nearly 60% in 1967. But in enly declined to rule on two major rele- win back a slim majority in the House of Shelby County, the court’s conservative

18 TIME October 29, 2018 Clinton lost by around 23,000 votes—a voter-ID law prevented perhaps as many SHORT as 45,000 voters from casting a ballot in READS 2016. In Texas, people can vote using a state-issued concealed-carry permit but ▶ Highlights from stories on not a state-issued University of Texas time.com/ideas student ID. More Brexit THESE ATTACKS on the franchise will dangers continue up until Election Day and be- yond, unless addressed head-on. In The possibility of Georgia, Brian Kemp, the secretary of creating a hard border state who also happens to be the Repub- between Ireland and Northern Ireland lican nominee for governor, has stalled concerns George J. the voter registration of more than Mitchell, a former 53,000 people, about 70% of whom are U.S. Senate majority people of color, per an Associated Press leader who chaired the analysis. His opponent is Stacey Abrams, nations’ peace talks. Among other problems, a woman who would be the irst female he writes, it could African American ever elected to lead a undo “the intangible state. In North Dakota, Republicans in but important the state legislature passed a voter-ID consequence of a law that disproportionately afects Na- steep reduction in negative stereotyping tive Americans, a voting bloc that over- and demonization.” whelmingly supports Democratic Sena- tor Heidi Heitkamp, who won by just members wrongly killed the preclear- under 3,000 votes in 2012 with the help ance process. of Native Americans. On Oct. 9, the Su- The pains of As Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg wrote preme Court efectively upheld the law. typecasting in her prescient dissent, “Throwing out In June, the court allowed the Republi- Zeeko Zaki, the preclearance when it has worked and is can secretary of state in Ohio to continue lead actor of CBS’s continuing to work ... is like throwing purging voters from the rolls, a practice FBI, wrote an essay away your umbrella in a rainstorm be- that could become more widespread describing his joy, as a Muslim American, to cause you are not getting wet.” Starting across the country if Republicans con- inally play a hero who right after the decision, many states— tinue to hold state-level power. practices Islam—and including several that had been sub- While the voting-rights landscape how Hollywood could ject to preclearance—started enacting may seem dire, there is a path forward. If create more such harmful and unfair election laws and Americans can build fair maps during re- roles. “As series progress, writers procedures. districting in 2021, we can turn the tide adapt to their actors,” They have done so under the guise back toward fairness and common sense he writes. “But this of “electoral integrity” and unfounded in our politics and elect oicials at the should and can start claims of widespread voter fraud. An state level who will overturn voter-dis- from the beginning.” individual is more likely to be struck by enfranchisement laws in our country. lightning than cast an in-person bogus We can’t take our democracy for ballot, the Brennan Center has reported. granted. The system is being tested, but An Internet Yet since the 2010 elections, 24 states this is not a time for despair; it is a time bill of rights have instituted voter-ID laws or other for action and strength. We should never unnecessary voting restrictions that underestimate what is possible when U.S. Representative Ro suppress the vote in minority and poor Americans come together to ight for Khanna described the communities. their most basic right—the right to vote. 10 principles he helped devise for future laws It’s not a coincidence that the most In the struggle for fairness, the fate of our that seek to protect gerrymandered state legislatures pass nation is at stake. Nothing more than the our increasingly digital some of the most restrictive voter-ID fate of our nation is at stake. lives. “There should be laws. In North Carolina, a federal judge an understanding and trust that your privacy found in 2016 that a pernicious voter-ID Holder, who served as U.S. Attorney and data will be law passed by the legislature targeted Af- General from 2009 to 2015, is the protected,” he writes. rican Americans with “almost surgical chairman of the National Democratic precision.” In Wisconsin—a state Hillary Redistricting Committee 19 TheView Ideas

THE RISK REPORT TECHNOLOGY Japan’s tricky balancing act An anti-phone between the U.S. and China phone’s real By Ian Bremmer message The Palm, a $349.99 mini- DESPITE WHAT YOU friend.” Japan has joined the U.S. and smartphone announced on may have heard from the European Union in co-sponsoring a Oct. 15 by the makers of the a certain U.S. Presi- proposal to reform the World Trade Or- PalmPilot, is meant to serve dent, trade wars are ganization to strengthen enforcement as a sidekick: a shrunken, both diicult and against countries that subsidize certain separate phone on your hardtowin.Even industries, an obvious swipe at China. existing wireless plan that more diicult? Being And unlike the E.U., Japan has taken a Palm suggests you take when invested in the outcome of a trade war much more muted approach to Trump’s on the move (especially to with limited ability to afect it. Case in steel and aluminum tarifs, pushing back escape your main phone’s point: Japan, which is eyeing the unfold- against them quietly while at the same superpowers). Instead, it ing trade drama between China and the time signaling to the U.S. Administration reveals sad truths about smartphones today. U.S. with increasing concern. its willingness to enter into formal bilat- Companies are abandoning According to Pew Research Center, eral trade negotiations, which has long small phones in favor of bigger just 24% of the Japanese population has been a priority for Trump. devices that don’t it everyone’s conidence in U.S. President But Abe also understands hands. Even the smallest new Donald Trump; their coni- that the current U.S. Presi- iPhone is nearly 2 in. bigger dence in Chinese President Should dent is nothing if not mercu- than Apple’s previously small- Xi Jinping barely cracks dou- relations rial, which means he needs est offering. (Google’s just- ble digits at 11%. But even if between to hedge. It’s no coincidence announced Pixel phones are Japan had more faith in the China and that Japan just announced also large.) The Palm is hardly principal players involved, the U.S. take that Abe will be traveling to a solution: nobody should have Tokyo would have every right a dramatic China on Oct. 25, his irst of- to pay additional hundreds of to be on edge. Should rela- icial visit in seven years, dollars, plus monthly fees, for a tions between China and the turn for the complete with a trade delega- comfortable device. U.S. take a dramatic turn for worse, Japan tion of 579 companies and Meanwhile, Palm claims the worse, Japan is on the is on the numerous business leaders in the device can help people get sharp end of the spear. Eco- sharp end of tow. There has even been talk “into their lives.” A “life mode” nomically, the two countries the spear about the possibility of Japan’s disables alerts until users represent by far Japan’s largest joining China’s Asian Infra- check the handset. While small phones may be less consuming export markets at around 20% structure Investment Bank than big ones, anyone claiming each. Geopolitically speaking, its proxim- (AIIB), which is Beijing’s answer to the the solution to tech overload is ity to China and its dependence on a U.S. Washington-based International Mon- more tech shouldn’t be trusted. whose President shows a lack of commit- etary Fund (IMF) and World Bank. Under The answer lies not in new ment to long-standing allies and treaty Barack Obama, the U.S. declined to join gadgets, but in better mastery obligations make it vulnerable. the development bank, even as Euro- of—and willingness to ignore— Japan understands this and did so pean allies like France, Germany and the those we already own. long before the rest of the world caught U.K. decided to sign up. Back then, Japan —Alex Fitzpatrick on. It’s the reason Japanese Prime Minis- stood fast with the U.S. Now times have ter Shinzo Abe jumped on the irst light changed, and political calculations along to New York City following Trump’s with them. election-night victory. Even before Of course, the reality of Japan’s pre- Trump took the oath of oice, Abe under- carious situation is that this hedging stood that for him, alliances are built on strategy works only so long as U.S.-China TIME FOR STICH JON BY ILLUSTRATION PALM; personal relationships and transactional relations don’t completely go of the rails. exchanges, not historical ties. Should that happen, Japan would have So far, Abe has done as much as one little choice but to side with its close ally can reasonably expect a Japanese leader the U.S.—but from a position of weakness to do to accommodate that reality. He rather than one of strength. And if you has met with Trump more than any don’t think that matters to someone like other world leader; when Abe visited Trump, you haven’t been paying enough Mar-a-Lago last spring, Trump vowed to attention. Watch this space. Japan cer- support Japan because Abe was his “good tainly will be. 

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What are you waiting for? Get the facts at LifeChangingLiver.com| 1-877-700-LDLT Nation NORTH CAROLINA Carolyn Eberly, center, and her Indivisible group have been knocking on doors since February

BOOTS ON THE GROUND Inside the grassroots movement to help Democrats take back Congress By CHARLOTTE ALTER/WAXHAW, N.C.

PHOTOGRAPH BY DINA LITOVSKY FOR TIME lived an hour away was hosting a letter- PENNSYLVANIA writing party to pressure local elected of- NextGen America fellows icials. Eberly couldn’t make it over, so the and volunteers are registering woman suggested she host her own event. young voters on college campuses Eberly typed up an invitation. Just before she posted it on Facebook, she paused. “You ever have a premonition?” GOP hands for more than 50 years. Trump she says, sipping a smoothie at a Panera won it by 12 points in 2016. But grass- C Bread near her home. “Where you think, roots eforts like Eberly’s have helped ‘This could change my life’?” transform the race into a toss-up con- CAROLYN EBERLY IS AN UNLIKELY Twelve people responded to Eberly’s test, according to the nonpartisan Cook warrior. A former chemist from post. Three showed up. And Indivisi- Political Report. McCready has raised four Waxhaw, N.C., she works at the local ble N.C. District 9 was born. Since then, times as much money as his Republican library, plays volleyball and wears her more than 1,000 people have joined ei- opponent, pastor Mark Harris, and he sees blond hair pulled back in a big clip. Her ther its Facebook group or its email list. groups like Eberly’s as key to his victory. husband has always followed politics, In February 2018, long before there was “No dark money,” McCready says, “can but Eberly used to steer away from it a Democratic nominee in their House dis- stop a neighbor talking to another neigh- in polite conversation. She voted, but trict, Eberly and her team began knock- bor at their door.” not much else. ing on doors to build rapport with their Indivisible N.C. 9 is just one platoon Then came President Donald Trump’s neighbors and hear about their political in a volunteer army that has stormed election. “I felt sick to my stomach,” says priorities, a process called “deep can- the ield after Trump’s election in 2016. Eberly, 51. She found herself at the Wom- vassing.” When a Marine veteran and The forces are vast and decentralized; en’s March in Charlotte, then at rallies solar-energy entrepreneur named Dan they have diferent ideologies and sup- for immigrants, then staying up all night McCready won the Democratic primary port diferent kinds of candidates. But reading news articles posted in Facebook in May, Eberly and her friends went back they’re united by a common mission: to groups. She began to feel uncomfort- to the same doors they had knocked on oppose Trump’s policies, pressure their able around her neighbors who voted for months earlier—this time, they were local Republican representatives and elect Trump and around her volleyball friends armed with his campaign literature. Democrats to replace them in the Nov. 6 who didn’t seem to care about politics. North Carolina’s 9th District, which midterms. The day after the Women’s March, she stretches from the Charlotte suburbs into Some of these activists call them- saw on Facebook that a woman who more conservative rural areas, has been in selves “the Resistance.” Trump and his

24 TIME October 29, 2018 GEORGIA Democrats are trouncing Republicans in “the knowledge of how to combine.” LaTosha Brown and Clif Albright, the chase for campaign cash, leading the If Democrats retake one or both houses front row, founded Black Voters Matter GOP in more than 30 of the most competi- of Congress in November, it will be largely to mobilize communities across the South tive House races. because of this emerging national net- All that money is evidence of a Demo- work of progressive organizers. But win- cratic base that seems to have risen from ning the midterms is just the irst step, allies call them an “angry mob.” On the its stupor. Democrats cast nearly twice they say, in a movement designed to re- ground it’s just called participatory de- as many votes in the 2018 primaries as build and transform local party infra- mocracy. Hundreds of thousands of vol- they did four years earlier, according to structure that had been hollowed out dur- unteers, allied with thousands of auton- Pew Research Center, outpacing Repub- ing Barack Obama’s presidency. During omous groups, are doing the grunt work licans by more than 4 million. Eighty-one those eight years, Democrats lost 13 gov- of propelling their neighbors to the polls, percent of Democratic-leaning voters say ernorships and nearly 900 state legislative using tactics tailored to their communi- they are certain to vote in the midterms, seats, along with their majorities in both ties. Suburban moms are knocking on up more than 20 points from 2014, ac- the House and Senate. State parties atro- doors in North Carolina battlegrounds; cording to a Washington Post/ABC poll. phied; local activists grew disengaged.

ME; racial-justice organizers in Georgia are That same poll found Republican enthu- Now these organizers are helping to build mobilizing black voters in churches and siasm up 3 points. a new Democratic pipeline, nominating restaurants; college students in Pennsyl- It’s not that the Democrats are being a historic number of women and people vania are using social media to reach new pulled left. It’s more that Democrats are of color and repopulating state and local voters. In Texas, immigrant-rights activ- being pulled local. And while ideas like races with energetic young candidates. ists are helping Latino voters get their pa- “Medicare for all” and “Abolish ICE” The result is not only a new class of perwork in order. Teenage gun-safety ad- have spread far beyond the party’s left candidates to run in 2018, 2020 and be- vocates from Florida are on bus tours to lank, the anti-Trump resistance move- yond. It could also change the structure of register other newly eligible voters. ment is ultimately more results-driven the Democratic Party itself. Already, activ- The grassroots groundswell is already than ideological. What works for vot- ists have forced the Democratic National translating into dollars and votes. Demo- ers in the Bronx may not work for voters Committee to overhaul its superdelegate cratic candidates have raised more than in Iowa, and in the midterms it doesn’t system. All the party’s old rules about $850 million through the online fund- have to. The party seems to be relearn- who should run for which seats “have raising platform ActBlue, more than ive ing the central lesson of American de- been thrown out the window,” says Jane times as much as in the 2014 midterms. mocracy: what 19th century French Kleeb, chair of the Nebraska Democratic PREVIOUS PAGES: REDUX; PENNSYLVANIA: DINA LITOVSKY—REDUX FOR TI GEORGIA: MELISSA GOLDEN—REDUX TIME MELISSA FOR GEORGIA: With an average donation of around $50, writer Alexis de Tocqueville called Party. Advocacy groups that previously 25 Nation

stayed out of electoral politics are now into political momentum. Indivisible downloading voter iles and knocking on began as a Google Doc advice manual, doors. “It’s transforming the way we run written shortly after the 2016 election by state parties,” she says. “They’re coming married couple Leah Greenberg and Ezra up with new ideas that are going to help Levin. They based their tips for pressur- our candidates win.” ing elected oicials on their experience as Democratic House stafers during the ON A SWAMPY MONDAY in July, Eberly rise of the Tea Party movement. They saw and her co-leaders are rolling up little what worked (local organizing, in-person slices of turkey and pepperoni and putting protests) and what didn’t (screaming, call- together skewers of tomato and mozza- ing representatives from other states), and rella. It’s steaming hot, and her air condi- organized it into an easy-to-use hand- tioner is broken. The midterms are more book. The Indivisible Guide quickly than three months away. But company is went viral: by 2017, nearly 6,000 Indi- coming. Soon her platoon will drive up visible chapters had formed around the in their minivans, leave their shoes at the country—at least two in every congres- door and get to work writing postcards sional district. in support of McCready. They’re drink- Greenberg and Levin run Indivisible’s ing a special cocktail for the occasion: a social-welfare nonproit, which provides champagne-and-peach-juice drink called canvassing and phone-banking tools to the Im-PEACH-ment. groups around the country. But local orga- All the women gathered in Eberly’s nizers call the shots. Some groups use the tidy living room have a similar story: Indivisible guide as a blueprint but don’t before 2016, they were regular voters who use the Indivisible name, like N.J. 11th for want to allow lexibility,”says Greenberg. paid sporadic attention to politics. Since Change, which knocked on nearly 15,000 “We’ve embraced a more-the-merrier, all- Trump’s election, many describe a crisis doors for former helicopter pilot Mikie of-the-above approach.” of purpose that compelled them to help Sherrill, now the front runner in a subur- The resemblance to the Tea Party is Democrats win. “I’m not in the stands ban New Jersey district where the Repub- more than just tactical. Members of the anymore, I’m in the ight,” says Scarlett lican incumbent retired. Others use some anti-Trump resistance say they are mo- Hollingsworth, a 53-year-old IT consul- Indivisible tips but ailiate more closely tivated by a sense of fear and disposses- tant. Her son Sawyer, 18, says his mom with diferent grassroots organizations, sion that echoes the rhetoric of Tea Party now talks about politics when she’s driv- like Swing Left, which raises money to op- conservatives in 2009 and 2010. “I want ing his friends home from football prac- pose GOP incumbents, or Our Revolution, my country back,” says Gordie Cherry, tice, and he hears her “cussing” on the which works to elect Bernie Sanders– 68, a retired marketing-business owner phone to Senators and Congressmen. style progressives. It’s all up to grassroots sitting in Eberly’s living room. Brendan Hollingsworth, who has become a Dem- leaders like Eberly. “Fundamentally, we Steinhauser, a conservative strategist ocratic precinct chair, beams. “There’s no who helped organize the original Tea other way to live now,” she says. “I have Party marches in 2009, says the paral- to do this.” A PARTY lels are easy to spot. “It’s similar in the REVITALIZED To many, the Democratic grassroots energy, the enthusiasm, and that they’re are deined by progressives like Alexan- motivated by fear and loathing,” he says. dria Ocasio-Cortez and Ayanna Pressley, $850M “I think it’s real, it’s big, and Democrats candidates who beat incumbents in Demo- Amount raised for Democratic are more motivated than they have been cratic primaries by running to their left in candidates through ActBlue’s in the past. I’m sounding the alarms.” liberal districts. But it’s moderate subur- online fundraising, more than ive times There are also big diferences. Theda ban moms like Eberly and Hollingsworth its 2014 haul on that platform Skocpol, a Harvard sociologist who wrote who may drive victory for the Democrats a book about the Tea Party and has spent in the midterms. In many of the 23 races the past year studying Indivisible groups Democrats have to win to lip the House, 20.4M in swing states, found that while most Tea they’re counting on candidates like Mc- Votes cast in the 2018 Party groups were led by men or by men Cready, a moderate Democrat running for Democratic primaries, nearly twice and women, Indivisible groups mostly an open seat, who campaigns on creating as many as four years ago have all-female leadership teams, and rural jobs and says he won’t support Nancy at least 70% of its members are women. Pelosi for Speaker. The Tea Party had a narrow set of ideo- Eberly’s group is ailiated with In- 81% logical principles, while today’s liberal divisible, one of the largest of dozens of Percentage of Democratic-leaning Democratic grassroots spans a spectrum. grassroots networks that sprouted in the voters who say they plan to vote in the Perhaps most important, the resistance wake of Trump’s election to turn outrage 2018 midterms, up from 60% in 2014 to Trump isn’t necessarily of the left.

26 TIME October 29, 2018 SOURCES: ACTBLUE, PEW RESEARCH CENTER, WASHINGTON POST/ABC POLL (OCT. 8–11) at Arlington chapter of Jolt, a group of folks won’t end up in that universe.” dedicated to registering and mobilizing When organizers can’t get voters of young Latinos to vote in the state. Her- color to show up to their events, they ig- nandez, a 23-year-old junior, has rela- ure out a way to meet them where they tives who are undocumented, and she’s are. “We go to school lunch periods, we’re made voter registration her main extra- in front of Target, we’re at the mall,” says curricular activity. She organizes social Nse Ufot, executive director of the New gatherings; goes to a local cofee shop Georgia Project, which has registered al- once a week to register new voters; and most 300,000 voters of color in the state spends hours standing at busy campus since 2014. “Peach farms, naturalization intersections, buttonholing fellow stu- ceremonies, high school football games— dents on their way to class. “I ask them, you name it.” ‘Hey, what are you angry about today?’” Black Voters Matter, a regional net- she says.“‘What have you seen in the work engaging rural black communi- news that needs to be addressed?’” ties in the South, instructs volunteers When Eberly and her volunteers knock to knock on every door on the block, on doors, they tend to engage people who not just the ones on the walk list, and are already regular voters. Jolt is one of bring up local issues rather than stump several grassroots groups reaching out to for a particular candidate. When orga- younger and more diverse citizens who nizers learned that black parents in Pen- vote less often. sacola, Fla., were angry about the lack of Last year political strategist DeJuana minority representation on local school Thompson, 35, realized that Democratic boards, Black Voters Matter urged voters TEXAS candidate Doug Jones had a chance to to the polls. Black turnout in the Demo- Jennifer Hernandez, right, pick up a Senate seat in her home state cratic gubernatorial primary helped de- helps her friend Kenya Loya register of Alabama. She saw that the party wasn’t liver the party’s nomination to Andrew to vote at a Jolt event in Dallas efectively reaching out to black voters, Gillum, who may become Florida’s irst so she started a group called Woke Vote, black governor. “Once you can get them which has built relationships at 11 his- to turn out, they’ll vote for Gillum,” says Moderate suburban moms like Eberly torically black colleges and 126 black Clif Albright, co-founder of Black Vot- are just as mobilized as socialist hipsters churches. Thompson says Woke Vote con- ers Matter. “But the thing that got them and former Occupy Wall Street protesters. tacted 100,000 black voters ahead of the to show up is those local issues.” “We range from centrist Democrat to way 2017 Senate election in Alabama, helping Sometimes getting attention requires progressive,” says Abby Karp, a 58-year- to propel Jones’ upset victory. getting creative. Jolt organized a quince- old educator who organized the Swing In 2018, Woke Vote is throwing com- añera at the Texas capitol building in Aus- Left group in North Carolina’s 13th dis- munity events, like family-friendly barbe- tin to protest a state immigration law, and trict. “We had somebody come to an early cues, near early-voting locations in states has spent the past year hosting monthly canvass who said, ‘I am a Democrat and a like Florida and Georgia where black vot- parties featuring traditional Latin Amer- progressive, and I oppose abortion 100%.’ ers could decide the election. “It takes ican food to register Latino students to I had to take a moment and say to myself, more than just showing up on a door two vote. The goal is to reach people like ‘We have to have room for everybody.’” weeks before the election,” says Thomp- 21-year-old Henry Aguirre, who was son. “You’ve actually got to have conver- parked near the tacos at the Jolt party in WHEN KENYA LOYA showed up at the sations with Mrs. Mattie on the corner Dallas. Aguirre didn’t vote in the 2016 party she’d seen mentioned on her friend who everybody knows has the best corn- election. Now he’s trying to atone for his Jennifer’s Facebook page, she scanned the bread,” she says, “and you’ve got to get apathy, registering more than 100 voters room and saw people like herself. Latino Mrs. Mattie to tell everybody else who since Labor Day. “I feel like I wasn’t com- 20-somethings were playing foosball and to vote for.” Groups dedicated to turn- pletely living up to being an American,” Snapchatting pictures of graiti scrawled ing out voters of color often use diferent he says, “because I wasn’t voting.” on the walls of the Dallas art space. The techniques from those led by white sub- DJ was playing Drake and Daddy Yankee, urban moms. The racial-justice organiza- NO COLLEGE STUDENT with an active and people were grabbing free tacos and tion Color of Change has held brunches, Instagram presence can resist a baby beer. Loya, a 23-year-old school secretary, block parties and movie screenings in key goat. So in 2017, the VoteGoat was born: had recently become a U.S. citizen. At areas where black voters are underrepre- social-media bait, trotted out at cam- this party, hosted by a new Latino voter- sented, bringing together local leaders puses across the country, to lure college engagement group, she would become a to form political allegiances. Traditional students into conversations with political registered voter. campaigns “focus on the most likely vot- organizers. “It’s like, ‘Hey, pet this goat, Loya’s friend, Jennifer Hernandez, is ers,” says Arisha Hatch, director of the and I’m gonna talk to you about democ-

WILLIAM MEBANE FOR TIME the president of the University of Texas Color of Change PAC. “And these types racy and participation,’” says Ben Wessel, 27 Nation

youth-vote director of NextGen America, ANEWDEMOCRATIC Eberly’s co-leader in North Carolina. INFRASTRUCTURE the group founded by Democratic super- “This is about building a progressive in- donor Tom Steyer to increase youth voter frastructure for an entire generation.” turnout. “We want our events to be Insta- 70% If they do stick with it, Democrats grammable, we want people to be tweet- of Indivisible members are will be heading into a 2020 presidential ing what’s going on, we want it to go into women, according to Harvard election in which local grassroots orga- their friends’ WhatsApp networks.” sociologist Theda Skocpol nizers will have more power than ever. Young people are among the least re- That, in turn, means candidates may be liable cohorts of voters, especially when less focused on consultants in Wash- there’s not a presidential race. More than 299,000 ington and more focused on activists in 4 out of 5 voters between ages 18 and 29 their districts. They may care less about Voters of color registered by the skipped the 2014 midterms. Steyer, a bil- New Georgia Project since 2014 national endorsements and more about lionaire former hedge-fund manager and their neighbors’ concerns. And in a very a top individual donor in each of the past democratic way, that could change the two elections, is spending $33 million this party’s priorities. year mobilizing young voters on college 252,000 In the era of digital campaigns, where campuses in 11 states. Voters under 35 registered by social-media impact could matter more NextGen America in 2018 Since young people are on social than TV ads, unleashing a lood of small- media, so is NextGen. Organizers look at dollar donations may replace the primacy Snapchat’s Snap Map to igure out where of big donors. Strategists say this new po- students are talking about politics, then year from 2014 levels. But the gains are litical landscape is likely to favor a sur- buy Snapchat ilters to reach them. When modest: in some places, it means primary prise contender over the D.C. creatures baby animals are the No. 1 trending topic, turnout rose from single digits to double who have been plotting a run for years. they create small campus petting zoos. digits. Even if youth voter turnout does “It’s going to really advantage the can- NextGen doesn’t buy TV ads (“a broadcast jump this year, it has a long way to go to didates who know how to mobilize the ad aimed at young people is money lit on match the roughly 70% of seniors who grassroots,” says veteran Democratic ire,” Wessel says) but instead advertises regularly show up. Still, all those baby strategist Celinda Lake. “Rather than the on Twitch, a social network where users goats and free tacos and Snapchat ilters ones who have been to every Jeferson- watch one another play video games. may have an impact. Research from the Jackson Day dinner.” NextGen has recruited more than 400 political-data irm TargetSmart show that A riled-up base can have its downsides, “student fellows” on campuses around the youth turnout is up 4% in the 2018 prima- as Republicans learned after 2010. While country to register their classmates and ries over four years ago, and an October the Tea Party helped the GOP sweep the get them to the polls on Election Day, poll from the Center for Information & Re- midterms that year, the insurgency trans- on the theory that 19-year-olds are more search on Civic Learning and Engagement formed the 2012 presidential primary likely to listen to their lab partner than (CIRCLE) at Tufts University found that into a purity test, forcing Mitt Romney to some grownup telling them what to 34% of 18-to-24-year-olds said they were to cartwheel to the far right in order to do. They’re paid roughly $250 a week to “extremely” likely to vote, up 14 points appease the party’s base—a move that organize volunteers and register voters. from youth turnout in the 2014 elections. may well have cost him the presidency. The group says its 6,500 volunteers have Among young people who have been con- In the years that followed, far-right mem- registered more than 250,000 young vot- tacted multiple times about voting, that bers of Congress have stymied the Re- ers across the country this year, including number jumps to nearly 57%. publicans’ ability to pass broadly popu- more than 50,000 in Florida alone. And when they do show up to vote, lar legislation, from immigration reform NextGen is one of the many groups young people tend to vote for Democrats. to government-funding bills, even when aiming to register the 8.5 million Amer- they had a majority. icans who have turned 18 since the last NOBODY PLANS to give up after Nov. 7. Even if Democrats do win big on elec- election. The gun-safety advocates Polls show Democrats on track to retake tion night, party unity could fray as the from Marjory Stoneman Douglas High the House, but Trump’s Republicans 2020 primary gets underway. Saying one School in Parkland, Fla., and their allies have surprised before, and a strong GOP thing to voters in Georgia and another to spent the summer traveling the nation showing could demoralize the new pro- voters in Nebraska is ine in a midterm on their Road to Change tour. The Sun- gressive grassroots. Whatever happens, with hundreds of races. A presidential rise Movement, a youth environmental through, the Indivisible troops say they campaign is a tougher test. organization, mobilized young people won’t stop writing their postcards. Woke But Carolyn Eberly isn’t focused on to agitate for climate action. Black-ish Vote and New Georgia Project are com- who’s running for President in 2020. In- star Yara Shahidi has started a campaign mitted to reaching out to black voters. stead she’s got her eye on ousting North called Eighteen x 18 in hopes of making NextGen fellows may continue their po- Carolina GOP Senator, Thom Tillis, who voting go viral. litical engagement even if Steyer’s fund- is up for re-election that year. On her In certain precincts, youth voter turn- ing dries up. “This isn’t about 2018. This list of Republicans to kick out of oice, out has doubled or tripled so far this isn’t about 2020,” says Ava Williamson, he’s next. 

28 TIME October 29, 2018 SOURCES: SKOCPOL, NEW GEORGIA PROJECT, NEXTGEN AMERICA Bustos stretches from Omaha to the Philadelphia suburbs. works the Democrats have struggled in these working-class THE phone at districts in recent years, but Bustos has ideas for how her oice on to win them back. First, don’t lead with the contro- Capitol Hill versial issues that are popular with the party’s fringe. MIDDLE in May 2017 High-cost, pie-in-the-sky proposals for a guaranteed universal wage and single-payer health care can be toxic with voters who think government is already ROAD doing too much, and little of it well. “You don’t go The Democrats’ path back to into a room starting there,” Bustos says. She knows whereof she speaks. Bustos won her power runs through the heartland 2016 re-election race by 20 percentage points in a dis- By PHILIP ELLIOTT/ROSS, OHIO trict President Donald Trump narrowly carried. And she’s quick to point out that while primary victories by far-left candidates may have captured headlines, HERI BUSTOS SHOWS HER OPPONENTS the best pickup chances this election cycle come no mercy. Even in Skee-Ball. because moderate candidates are poised to lure Re- The hypercompetitive three-term publican and moderate voters to pull the lever for C Congresswoman from northwest Illinois Democrats. Now, as the de facto leader of a 12-state is walking with a fellow Democrat at a union Democratic campaign, Bustos is looking to unleash picnic in the Cincinnati area when she spots the the ierce urgency of centrism across America’s arcade game. “Aftab,” she calls to Aftab Pureval, a heartland. former prosecutor who is looking to unseat an 11- That’s one reason she’s become a campaign men- term Republican in this southwest corner of Ohio. tor to several of the Democratic Party’s top House “How are you at Skee-Ball?” Soon both are shoving recruits. In Michigan, former CIA oicer and Penta- tokens into the machine. But as the Democratic gon oicial Elissa Slotkin is within striking distance Congressional Campaign Committee’s chair of of unseating a Republican in her Lansing district. heartland engagement, Bustos is a professional Iowa state representative Abby Finkenauer, 29, re- multitasker. Between turns she talks about cently snagged the inluential Des Moines Register’s the bigger competition she’s focused on now: endorsement, and polls suggest she’s favored to be-

M. SCOTT MAHASKEY—POLITICO helping House Democrats win a bloc of seats that come the youngest woman ever elected to Congress. 29 Nation

Amy McGrath, the irst woman to pilot an F/A-18 on a Listen to Pureval chat with voters and it’s clear Marine combat mission, is running strong in a conser- that he’s a diferent kind of Democrat. Asked about vative Kentucky district. Others, like Theresa Gasper Trump, he says he agrees with the President on the in Dayton, Ohio, face tougher prospects, which is need for infrastructure investment. Asked about the why Bustos spent part of an August Sunday in the anti-Trump resistance movement, he says some peo- district, trying to help Gasper attract voters by talk- ple are more interested in screaming than listening— ing up meat-and-potatoes issues like infrastructure and that’s not of interest to him. Asked about the and military spending at nearby Wright-Patterson odds of a Democrat’s prevailing here, he notes Barack Air Force Base. Obama twice won Hamilton County. “We can’t ex- Bustos’ eforts may prove pivotal in November. pect change if we keep sending the same person Democrats could net the 23 seats they need for a ma- and same leadership to Washington, D.C., year after jority just through the states under Bustos’ purview. year,” he tells union members who have rented out More important: victory is impossible without them. the amusement park on this Saturday in August. That means control of the House of Representatives— For candidates like Pureval to run this way in and all that comes with it—may hang on the pitch 2018 cuts against headlines. Progressive candidates that the 57-year-old former newspaper reporter is are capturing the imagination of the party’s moti- delivering across the region to vated activists, especially the voters and Democratic candi- younger cohort. Alexandria dates alike. Ocasio-Cortez, for instance, unseated House Democratic AMERICA’S HEARTLAND ‘The party is not going Caucus chair Joseph Crow- wasn’t always painted red. ley in June in New York City, There was a time when Dem- to go in the direction triggering media coverage that ocrats could win House races suggested Ocasio-Cortez em- in places like Evansville, of Sanders-style bodied the Democrats’ future. Ind.; Waterloo, Iowa; and The focus on the party’s left- Janesville, Wis. Yet it’s gotten socialism, because it’s wing insurgents worries mod- tougher to carry such places erates, who know Republi- with a D after your name. The not winning on the cans will use the positions of number of moderates in the one candidate to caricature House Democratic caucus issues and it doesn’t the rest. “That is not where has dwindled in recent years: the party is heading,” Bustos the coalition of conservative win politically except says of the socialist positions Democrats in the House now favored by Ocasio-Cortez numbers just 18. Being a Dem- in a very, very limited and Senator Bernie Sanders. ocrat in a red district requires “That it for Queens, O.K.?” a feel for cultural issues and a number of places.’ Instead, she wants candidates willingness to defy party or- talking about creating jobs JONATHAN COWAN, thodoxy. “When I was going president of the centrist think tank Third Way through infrastructure, keep- into union halls when Hillary ing health care costs low and [Clinton] was running, the stamping out corruption— irst question was ‘Is Hillary three unmet Trump promises. going to take our guns?’” Bustos says as she walks Some of her peers feel the same way about through the union picnic. Bustos knows how to dis- the emerging push to abolish Immigration and patch that question: “I have three sons. They all Customs Enforcement in the wake of the Trump hunt.” If that doesn’t do it, she mentions that her hus- Administration’s family-separation policy. “I band is a captain with the local sherif’s department. understand the emotions, the moral vacuum that is Beside Bustos walks Pureval, the Democratic involved in splitting up families,” says Jim Himes, candidate running in a district that has been a Connecticut Democrat and the chairman of the represented for 11 of the past 12 terms by Republican House’s 68-member moderate New Democrat Steve Chabot. Pureval, a 36-year-old irst-generation Coalition. “But when you go out there and say, ‘This American, has worked to prosecute federal crimes is who we are,’ you’ve now made life harder for the against children and represented local behemoth 60 or 70 Democrats ighting in districts where we Procter & Gamble. In 2016, he became the irst need to win if we ever want to be in the majority.” Democrat to win the Hamilton County clerk of courts To reorient the party, centrist groups like Third job in a century. The district is gerrymandered to the Way have been pushing candidates to read up on GOP’s advantage, but Pureval has been outraising history and polling. “The party is not going to go Chabot and nipping at the incumbent’s heels. in the direction of Sanders-style socialism, because

30 TIME October 29, 2018 it’s not winning on the issues and it doesn’t win an infrastructure panel in Dayton and a bartending politically except in a very, very limited number of shift in Columbus that doubles as an informal voter places,” Third Way president Jonathan Cowan tells focus group. But before slinging pints of draft beer, TIME. “It’s going to go in the direction that won it Bustos has some time to kill and decides she wants two presidencies. The last two two-term Democratic some ice cream. During a July visit to Columbus for Presidents were mainstream Democrats. [That’s] a Third Way summit, she discovered an Ohio-based what’s going to get the House back.” company whose founder just happens to be a good The data supports Cowan’s argument. According Democrat. As she polishes of her bowl of sweet corn to an analysis of the 2018 primaries by the Brook- and blueberry ice cream, she turns the talk back to ings Institution, “establishment”-minded Demo- the local race she is here to check out. cratic candidates fared better than their progressive In 2016, Trump won the Buckeye State’s 12th brethren, notching 139 primary wins to the progres- district by 11 percentage points. But in August sives’ 101. When the Brookings researchers looked 2018, Republican Troy Balderson eked out a special- at where these progressives are winning, they found election victory here over Danny O’Connor by just they tended to cluster in districts where no Demo- 1,680 votes—a race so close it took more than two crat stands a chance in a normal year. For all of the weeks after the election to determine who had won. talk of the Democratic Party’s O’Connor and Balderson leftward lurch, when the next have a rematch lined up in Congress is seated, it’s un- November, and this time likely the Democratic caucus the Republican won’t have will be substantially more lib- CǎURXJKRXW WKH the beneit of the undivided eral than in years past. focus and campaign cash of The same is true of some KHDUWODQG WKHUH V D the entire GOP establishment. liberal policy proposals. In It’s clear why O’Connor Colorado, a ballot measure VLOHQW PDMRULW\ WKDW MXVW is a formidable opponent to enact a single-payer health in a district like this, which system failed, 79% to 21%, ZDQWV QRUPDOF\ MXVW stretches from Columbus’ on the same day Clinton car- north side toward Zanesville ried the state over Trump; in ZDQWV WR VHH WKDW SHRSOH and has not elected a left-leaning Boulder County, Democrat since 1982. Unlike it won support from just 38% DUHJRLQJWRJRRXWWR some other Democratic of voters. Liberal Vermont, candidates, the 31-year- which had such a system for :DVKLQJWRQ DQG oJKW IRU old county recorder spends three years, ditched it in 2014. little time talking about In California, a ballot measure WKHP LQ D FLYLO ZD\ DQG Trump or appealing to hard- regulating drug prices fell in left activists. Instead, his 2016 by 8 points. A similar JHW VRPHWKLQJ GRQH campaign is designed to measure was voted down in attract voters who may not CHERI BUSTOS, Ohio a year later by 58 points. Democratic Congresswoman from Illinois agree with him. “You need To make gains beyond to go anywhere at any time the House this year, moder- to talk to anyone about ates say, Democrats will need anything. I’ve knocked on crossover appeal. Third Way, the centrist think tank, doors where people are 3% likely to support a crunched the numbers for competitive Senate races Democrat. But all of these people deserve to have and found reliable Republicans are more likely to their voices heard,” he told TIME. “Democrats vote in them this November. Just 27% of the pro- have to be willing to go to places that haven’t voted jected electorate in battleground races was expected Democratic for a long time or even heard from to be reliable Democrats. More than half the voters Democrats for a long time.” And while he supports in West Virginia are expected to split their ticket. “If abortion rights and LGBT rights, O’Connor doesn’t you look throughout the heartland, there’s a silent make them cornerstones of his campaign messages. majority,” Bustos says, that “just wants normalcy, Democrats have their work cut out to win their just wants to see that people are going to go out to share of races like this on Nov. 6. But the path back Washington and ight for them in a civil way and get to the House majority runs through them. Bustos something done.” knows the numbers: four targeted pickups in Ohio; another four apiece in Minnesota, Michigan and FOR BUSTOS, the union picnic is part of a two-day Illinois; ive in Pennsylvania. The success of her team tour through Ohio’s battleground districts that of Midwestern moderates could shape the next two includes stops at a bingo parlor near Cincinnati, years of Donald Trump’s presidency.  31 Everyday, everywhere, our connections to nature are infi nite. Healthy forests capture and slowly release rainwater into rivers and aquifers—providing reliable water that farmers use to grow the food we eat. Working together, we can build a planet where people and nature thrive.

Explore the infi nite ways you can connect with nature at nature.org. © KEVIN ARNOLD; © WALTER P. AFABLE P. © KEVIN ARNOLD; WALTER CATEGORIES

TREATMENT

COST

TECHNOLOGY

PUBLIC HEALTH

5MOST INFLUENTIAL PEOPLE IN HEALTH CARE

The American health care system has been plagued for decades by major problems, from lack of access to uncontrolled costs to unacceptable rates of medical errors. And yet, real as those issues remain, the ield has also given rise to extraordinary innovation. This year, TIME launched the Health Care 50 to highlight the people behind those ideas: physicians, scientists, and business and political leaders whose work is transforming health care right now.

By Mandy Oaklander, Alice Park, Jamie Ducharme and Robin Marty

ILLUSTRATIONS BY ALEXANDRA COMPAIN-TISSIER FOR TIME THE HEALTH CARE 50 / 2018

DIVYA NAG Putting a doctor on your wrist At not even 30, Nag is leading Apple’s special projects focusing on health. Nag’s team developed ResearchKit, an open-source app developer for doctors and researchers to share patient results and clinical data, and this fall it announced groundbreaking new tools for the Apple Watch: the Series 4 includes an emergency-response system, in case the wearer falls and doesn’t respond, and a medical-grade EKG heart-rate monitor.

DR. ORRIN DEVINSKY Revolutionizing medical DR. LEANA WEN overdose deaths due to opioids, she marijuana wrote a blanket, citywide prescription Thirty-one states have FIGHTING for the overdose-reversing drug nalox- legalized medical marijuana, one, valid for every citizen willing to ill and in June, cannabis went THE POLITICS it. To date, her bold action is credited even more mainstream: with saving nearly 3,000 lives. For Wen, GW Pharmaceuticals’ OF MEDICINE an emergency-room physician who has Epidiolex became the irst FDA-approved marijuana- administered naloxone to patients her- derived drug. The epilepsy As health commissioner for Baltimore, self, it was an obvious solution to treat medication was spurred by Wen has proved herself a force in the the disease of opioid addiction. Devinsky’s research at New often politically fraught world of pub- Now she wants to bring that same York University proving that lic health. In 2015, she chose a remark- straightforward approach to her new puriied CBD, a compound in pot, can reduce patients’ ably pragmatic—but unusual—method job; Wen steps in as the new president of seizure frequency without of addressing the opioid epidemic rav- Planned Parenthood in November. As the making them high. aging her town. With nearly 90% of irst physician to lead the organization

34 TIME October 29, 2018 PHOTOGRAPH BY PETER HAPAK FOR TIME MAURA HEALEY in nearly 50 years, she hopes to lift the BJARNE HANSEN Leading health law AND GERD KVALE group above the politically divisive fray As Massachusetts attorney by reminding people that it ofers nec- general, Healey fought the essary, and in many places desperately Trump Administration’s “gag SPEEDING needed, medical services, including rule,” arguing that it limited mammograms and infertility and incon- access to reproductive health UP THERAPY care. The Democrat also Obsessive-compulsive disorder tinence treatments. “We’re not here to made her state the irst to make a political statement,”she says. sue OxyContin maker Purdue (OCD) can take months of therapy to “We’re here to provide health care to Pharma for contributing to treat. But Kvale and Hansen, who are those who need us, and we will have to the opioid crisis. clinical psychologists at Haukeland continue to ight to defend that access to University Hospital in Norway, have care, because others, not us, have been shown they can treat it in just four distorting the work that we do.” days. Frustrated by the traditional model of therapy—meeting with She faces a formidable challenge in ex- patients just once or twice a week, ecuting that mission. In June, the Trump with days between sessions to stall Administration proposed changes to the progress or give people the chance DR. ROBERRTGROSSMAN federal program that provides funds to to drop out—Kvale and Hansen Planned Parenthood, including prohib- AND KENNETH LANGONE Making med developed a program in which iting the centers from referring women therapists help their patients learn for abortions school free how to deal with anxiety through and restrict- New York University School of marathon sessions of exposure ing the types of Medicine dean Grossman and therapy. “Patients say it’s hard work ‘WE WILL HAVE trustee chair Langone announced contraception and one of the most challenging TO CONTINUE this year that current and future and pregnancy weeks of their life,” Kvale says. “But TO FIGHT TO students would receive free counseling they tuition beginning in August 2018. the change that they experience DEFEND THAT can ofer. through these four days is sort ACCESS TO But Wen’s of magic and life-changing.” So CARE, BECAUSE personal and far, about 1,200 people with OCD OTHERS professional ex- have gone through the intensive HAVE BEEN perience may regimen; approximately 70% recover give her unique completely and remain in remission DISTORTING four years later, according to a study advantages in THE WORK DR. GIULIANO TESTA published in August in the journal Washington and THAT WE DO.’ Innovating fertility Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. And beyond. After very few of them quit. Kvale and In February,a second baby was her family immi- Hansen’s pioneering model of grated to the U.S. from China when she born as a result of Testa’s trials at Baylor University Medical concentrated therapy—which the was 7, Wen learned irsthand how critical Center to transplant a uterus researchers are now testing for panic Planned Parenthood’s services could be. from a living donor into a disorders and social anxiety—has When they struggled to make rent, her different woman. Testa is also spread to Iceland and Sweden and mother, sister and Wen all relied on the one of the 2018 TIME 100. will soon come stateside to a private centers for their health needs. While she clinic in Houston. was Baltimore’s health commissioner, the city joined a suit against the Trump Administration’s Department of Health and Human Services when the agency cut funding to 81 teen-pregnancy- prevention programs in the country. Wen BERNARDERNARD TYSTYSON was able to win back $5 million in federal Taking corporate grants for the city. During her tenure, in health care local August, Baltimore and three other cities Kaiser Permanente CEO Tyson also sued the Administration for “sabo- aims to boost community tage” of the Afordable Care Act. health by investing in wellness Now she’s ready to protect women’s development in ZIP codes in access to health care on a national scale. need. The latest success? “The idea that health is a basic fun- Future Baltimore, which the Department of Housing and Urban damental human right is the concept Development recognized in July and value that I’ve held my entire life,” for its impact on West Baltimore’s

HEALEY, TYSON: GETTY IMAGES; GROSSMAN, LANGONE: SASHA NIALLA; TESTA: REUTERS; HANSEN AND KVALE: PAUL S. AMUNDSEN she says. 21223 neighborhood. 35 THE HEALTH CARE 50 / 2018

DR. ANN MCKEE TONY WYSS-CORAY CHIRLANE MCCRAY SEAN PARKER Keeping Using blood Building Connecting athletes safe as medicine happier cities cancer research Since 2015, the “McKee Wyss-Coray, from Stanford In 2015, McCray, the First Parker, formerly of Napster and criteria” has been the University,found that stitching Lady of New York City, Facebook, knows the power of deinitive diagnostic together young and old mice launched ThriveNYC, a networking, so he was surprised for chronic traumatic to join their blood systems comprehensive plan to treat when he found that many cancer encephalopathy (CTE), a improved the older mice’s mental illness and substance researchers didn’t collaborate. degenerative brain disease cognition. Startups began abuse in the city, and improve With the Parker Institute for usually found in patients with offering unproven “fountain general wellness. The road Cancer Immunotherapy, he sup- a history of repeated brain of youth” blood-plasma map included concrete ports and connects the world’s trauma, like football players. infusions, but Wyss-Coray ways to stem stigma, collect best cancer doctors to speed Her recent breakthrough co-founded a company, more data and expand new treatments. Its work study suggests that blows to Alkahest, to scientiically test mental-health services. After led to the irst approved gene the head themselves—not the idea in people with early seeing tangible success immunotherapy for blood full concussions—may be Alzheimer’s. Encouraged by at home, McCray’s model cancers, as well as a Nobel Prize the underlying cause of CTE. early results, he now hopes has now spread beyond the this year for immune-based McKee was also named one to reine a blood-plasma ive boroughs to 185 cities cancer drugs (see Allison and of the 2018 TIME 100. treatment for aging brains. in all 50 states. Honjo, opposite page).

DAVID SINCLAIR DR. RAJ PANJABI KARE SCHULTZ AARON PERRY Fighting old age Improving rural Giving allergy Thinking outside Sinclair, from Harvard Medi- health care suferers options the hospital cal School, is testing a pill that appears to address A Harvard Medical School Years of price hikes made After noticing the black male and even reverse some of professor who came to the pharma company Mylan’s customers at the Madison, the typical signs of aging, U.S. as a refugee from Liberia, anaphylaxis-reversing EpiPen Wis., barbershop where he got including higher blood Panjabi co-founded Last Mile the poster child of unjust drug haircuts often talked about their pressure, weight gain and Health to recruit and train pricing, at $608 for a two- health problems—but realizing slower metabolism—at least community health workers in pack. But without a generic many didn’t see doctors—Perry in mice. This year Sinclair areas that lack local health competitor, consumers started the Men’s Health & found in the animals an even services. Last Mile’s efforts were stuck. Enter Teva Education Center inside the more tantalizing beneit: the were crucial in ighting Ebola Pharmaceutical CEO Schultz. shop. Now clients can learn compound can also serve as from 2014 to 2016, and now In August, Teva won FDA about high blood pressure, exercise in a pill, reversing Panjabi is raising $100 million approval for what the agency monitor diabetes and get lu aging in blood vessels and to build Community Health called the irst generic version shots with their trim. This year, “working out” muscles as if Academy, a mobile platform of the EpiPen. There’s no price a $300,000 grant from the they had been on a treadmill. for training health care or market date yet, but the University of Wisconsin will help Human trials are set to start workers remotely through approval is already a win for him open other barbershop in the next year or so. video and audio instruction. patient choice. health centers.

36 TIME October 29, 2018 JAMES P. ALLISON AND DR. TASUKU HONJO Changing cancer care The immunologists, from MD Anderson Cancer Center and Kyoto University, respectively, earned the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery that the immune system can be rewired to attack certain cancers.

YONATAN ADIRI Diagnosing on the go In July, Adiri’s startup, Healthy.io, got FDA approval for Dip.io, an app that turns your smartphone camera into a clinical-grade diagnostic device that can read a urinalysis dipstick, allowing consumers to take urine tests remotely.

SHOUKHRAT MITALIPOV

DESIGNING DISEASE- BILL AND MELINDA G ATES Fundingthe world’sworld s FREE EMBRYOS biggest issues The biologist from Oregon Health & Science Icons of philanthropic giving, the Gateses invest hundreds University shocked people in 2017 when he repaired of millions of dollars in global a genetic mutation causing heart disease in dozens health. Bill Gates recently MITALIPOV’S contributed to a $30 million fund of human embryos. (The embryos were destroyed as for Alzheimer’s research, and TECHNIQUE this year Melinda focused on . GATES: GETTY IMAGES per ethical requirements of the experiment.) He used COULD HELP improving maternal health. a controversial gene-editing technique called CRISPR REDUCE THE that has yet to be proven safe and efective for NUMBER treating human disease, and critics questioned his OF PEOPLE results. But this year, Mitalipov defended his indings AFFECTED after re-analyzing the DNA from the embryonic cells, BY GENETIC DISEASES and other groups have reported similar results using DR. SEAN HARPER CRISPR to repair the mutation in mouse embryos. Ending migraine pain Mitalipov says he also tested the technique with In May, Aimovig, a drug Harper developed at biotech company inherited mutations that cause other diseases, with Amgen, became the irst similar repair success. He sees his studies as the irst migraine-prevention drug to receive FDA approval. Aimovig step toward IVF gene therapy, in which researchers limits the number and severity can repair inherited genetic diseases in IVF embryos of migraines with a monthly injection and eliminated

ALLISON, HONJO: GETTY IMAGES; B. GATES: LIONEL PRÉAU—RIVA PRESS/REDUX; M before they are implanted in the womb. migraines in some patients.

PHOTOGRAPH BY ROBBIE MCCLARAN FOR TIME THE HEALTH CARE 50 / 2018

MINDY GROSSMAN REDEFINING WELLNESS In September, Weight Watchers whittled its name to WW, a symbol of a new commitment to wellness over weight loss. But CEO Gross- man has been on that mission for months, removing artiicial ingre- dients from WW food products, planning a meal-kit launch and investing hundreds of thousands of dollars in helping families in poverty afford healthy groceries.

TODD POPE more than 4,400 da Vinci systems, but it promises to shake up the robotic-surgery A NEW FUTURE market by introducing high-tech ad- vances, including cameras that track sur- FOR ROBOTIC geons’ eye movements as they operate, SCHLOSSER: REUTERS; SHANAFELT: JULIE GREICIUS—STANFORD SCHOOL OF ME OF SCHOOL GREICIUS—STANFORD JULIE SHANAFELT: REUTERS; SCHLOSSER: and haptic feedback that helps doctors SURGERY feel out what the robotic arms are doing. Perhaps most important, TransEnterix, ANGIE TRUESDALE For nearly 20 years, Intuitive Surgi- unlike Intuitive, helps hospitals make cal’s da Vinci system monopolized the up for the sizable up-front investment

FIXING robotic-surgery market. That changed of buying a surgical robot—a Senhance TIMES/REDUX; YORK NEW PERRY—THE RICHARD KUSHNER: late last year, when the Senhance Surgi- system runs up to $2 million—with CHILDBIRTH cal System, a robot from Pope’s company budget-friendly features such as reusable TransEnterix, won FDA approval to instruments that rarely need to be re- The U.S. has the highest maternal mortality rate of any developed perform minimally invasive gyne- placed and open-source technology nation, with black mothers most cological and colorectal proce- that works with hospitals’ exist- affected. As Centering Healthcare dures. Approvals for a range of ing equipment. The company is Institute’s CEO, Truesdale abdominal surgeries came in already making a splash at home launched a major expansion of the following months. Today and abroad: Florida Hospital per- CenteringPregnancy,a group Senhance is still the new kid formed the U.S.’s irst Senhance prenatal-care program proven to on the block, with only about 20 surgery (a partial intestine re- improve birth outcomes, especially robots in use around the moval) in July and has since DICINE in underserved communities. world compared with completed procedures

38 TIME October 29, 2018 JOSHUA KUSHNER AND VALTER LONGO MARIO SCHLOSSER Demystifying insurance THE The founders of the health- insurance company Oscar— FASTING which simpliies the process of inding doctors and specializes EVANGELIST in coverage for individuals— are expanding health plans to Longo, director of the Longevity six new markets and three new Institute at the University of states this year. Southern California, believes that the secret to staving off the ills of old age is a diet designed to trick your body into thinking it’s fasting. He translated his years in the lab, researching the effects of fasting and calorie restriction, DR. TAIT SHANAFELT into a 2018 book called The Longevity Diet, which preaches a Boosting doctor morale low-protein, plant-based eating Nearly half of doctors now style with regular periods of say they’re professionally fasting. This diet, he claims, burned out. On the front lines shifts the body’s metabolism to change the medical system that churns out detached and enhances the power of cells doctors—and endangers to help protect against chronic patients—is Shanafelt, named diseases like Type 2 diabetes and the irst ever chief wellness cardiovascular disease. Some oficer for Stanford Medicine. small studies have found that a fast-mimicking diet—the kind Longo advocates—helps people lose weight and body fat, lowers blood pressure and decreases levels of a hormone linked to aging and disease. Ideas like his are catching on: according to a 2018 HELMY ELTOUKHY AND survey from the International Food AMIRALI TALASAZ Information Council Foundation, Simplifying early ranging from hernia repairs to bowel intermittent fasting is this year’s cancer detection resections. Overseas, Senhance’s lower most popular diet. Now Longo is studying whether a fast-mimicking Under Eltoukhy and Talasaz, per-procedure costs allowed Germany’s Guardant Health created a cancer St. Marien-Hospital to incorporate ro- diet improves cancer outcomes— blood test that matches patients botics into some and can help prevent the disease to the right drug treatments. This of its most com- in the irst place. year researchers will test a new blood assay to predict which ‘IT’S NOT JUST mon surgeries, cancers are most likely to recur. GOOD ENOUGH which the hospi- TO INTRODUCE tal couldn’t aford SOME with other sys- INTERESTING tems. And Pope isn’t stopping TECHNOLOGY... there: he says IT HAS TO FIT he can envision WITHIN A a world where MISTY VAUGHAN ALLEN BUDGET.’ every hospital has Tackling suicide access to a Sen- Suicide rates are up across the hance system, regardless of its bottom country. The one state where they’re line. “It’s not just good enough to intro- falling? Nevada, largely thanks to duce some interesting technology that Allen, the state’s suicide-prevention coordinator, whose partnerships can beneit patients,” Pope says. “It also with nurses, gun retailers and has to it within a constrained budget others have curbed Nevada’s environment.” historically high suicide rate. PHOTOGRAPH BY ZACK WITTMAN FOR TIME THE HEALTH CARE 50 / 2018

RONI AND ORENO FRANK Streamlining psychiatry The married co-founders of Talkspace, an app that connects more than a million users with therapists via text or video, announced this year they’ll add psychiatrists who can prescribe medications over video chat.

LARRY MERLMERLO Putting doctors in drugstores When CVS CEO Merlo inalized a $69 billion merger with insurance giant Aetna in October, he promised convenient care in his stores and online. Critics fear jacked-up prices and choked-out competition. Either way, it’s sure to change how you see the doctor.

LONDON BREEDD AND SUSAN TALAMANTES EGGMAN Reducing drug deaths Mayor Breed and Assembly- TAMMY DUCKWORTH woman Eggman rallied for a bill to reduce overdoses by making San Francisco the irst A CHAMPION FOR U.S. city with a supervised injection facility. Despite a veto BREASTFEEDING MOMS from Governor Jerry Brown, the Democrats are pushing their U.S. Senator Duckworth has long been an advocate of breastfeeding legislation forward. accommodations, including introducing legislation that requires all medium and large airports to ofer a lactation room for mothers. But DUCKWORTH: THE NEW YORK TIMES/REDUX; BREED: JESSICA CHOU— JESSICA BREED: TIMES/REDUX; YORK NEW THE DUCKWORTH: when the Illinois Democrat became the irst Senator to give birth in IMAGES GETTY GAWANDE: EGGMAN, TIMES/REDUX; YORK NEW THE oice, this April, that activism was pushed to the next level as she fought to get long-standing congressional rules against allowing a child DR. ATUL GAWANDE on the Senate loor overturned to allow her to nurse her newborn. Changing corporate Since then, Duckworth has cast votes and attended protests with coverage her baby girl tucked to her chest, and cites her own breastfeeding Gawande was tapped to lead a new nonproit health care experience as a reason she opposed immigration policies that removed venture that will cover the more infants and toddlers from their mothers’ arms when they crossed the than 1 million employees of Amazon, Berkshire Hathaway border to seek asylum. Between her legislation and personal example, and JPMorgan Chase. Though breastfeeding accommodations for mothers are now a health and few details are public, it’s said to focus on transparent, low- public-policy discussion on a national scale. cost corporate health care.

PHOTOGRAPHBYERINSCHAFF STEFFANIE STRATHDEE DR. SCOTT GOTTLIEB JUAN CARLOS ROB SOLOMON Solving Keeping drug- IZPISUA BELMONTE Helping the superbugs makers honest Closing the people pay organ deicit In 2015, her husband con- Appointed by President Crowdfunders have raised tracted an antibiotic-resistant Trump to head the Food Izpisua Belmonte is hundreds of millions of bug on vacation and almost and Drug Administration, addressing the shortage dollars through GoFundMe died. But Strathdee, a Univer- Gottlieb gained supporters for of human organs for trans- campaigns to pay for sity of California, San Diego, grounding his tough policies in plant with a scientiically uncovered medical expenses. epidemiologist, saved him scientiic evidence. Last year, innovative—albeit ethically To help, CEO Solomon by appealing to researchers he pulled an opioid off the controversial—solution: removed the 5% platform fee of an obscure treatment that market because its addictive growing human cells in animal from all U.S.-based personal uses special viruses called properties outweighed its embryos to produce, say, campaigns late last year, phages to kill the bacteria. In painkilling beneits, and human liver tissue inside allowing users to keep more June, she helped launch the this year he addressed high a living pig or nonhuman of the money they raise. Center for Innovative Phage drug prices by approving primate, which can then be With the rate of uninsured Applications and Therapeu- more generic versions and transplanted into people. It’s Americans now beginning a tics, which she hopes will cracked down on e-cigarette the irst step toward growing small but steady increase, the make more superbug treat- makers and questionable enough human organs with- crowdfunding platform is vital ments possible. stem-cell clinics. out relying on human donors. to America’s health.

BETTI WIGGINS KRISTOFFER FAMM ANNE WOJCICKI DR. RÉGINE SITRUK-WARE Upgrading Replacing drugs Democratizing Reinventing cafeteria food with electricity DNA contraception Swapping iceberg lettuce Zapping cells with electric Led by CEO Wojcicki, Sitruk-Ware’s work at the for mixed greens was only currents doesn’t sound like 23andMe gives users Population Council’s Center step one. Over her decade a safe way to treat disease, insights into their genetic for Biomedical Research is leading Detroit public but, Famm reasoned, since makeup with a saliva sample. revolutionizing how men and schools’ food program, Betti nerves communicate In March, the company women prevent unwanted Wiggins sourced 40% of food with a lurry of electrical became the irst to offer an pregnancies. In August, the locally and made hers the signals, why not exploit FDA-approved home genetic FDA approved Annovera, irst district in the country to that? He founded Galvani test for cancer risk; for $199, a single vaginal ring that offer free breakfast to every Bioelectronics (with funding it provides a limited look into is inserted and removed student. Now, as oficer of from GlaxoSmithKline and increased risks for breast, painlessly by the patient and nutrition services in Houston, Google parent Alphabet) to ovarian and prostate cancers. provides a full year of birth she’s working with the Texas create implantable electric And in July, GlaxoSmithKline control. Now Sitruk-Ware is Department of Agriculture and devices that can control the became 23andMe’s latest leading research into male other organizations to bring activity of organs such as the pharma partner, leveraging birth control: a daily gel for healthy meals to more than liver and pancreas in order to users’ anonymous genetic men to lower sperm count and 215,000 children. treat diseases like diabetes. data to develop drugs. prevent pregnancy. 41 World

BRUTAL REALITY The vanishing of Jamal Khashoggi threatens to make a global pariah out of Saudi Arabia’s once feted crown prince BY KARL VICK

BEFORE THE WORLD EVEN LEARNED HIS AGE, IT could glean that the young man who runs Saudi Ara- bia takes extraordinary chances with violence. Mo- hammed Bin Salman, the prince now known by the global shorthand of MBS, was utterly unknown when his father ascended to the Saudi throne in January 2015. It was a routine transfer of power from one el- derly royal to another, until King Salman delegated a massive share of his authority to his son. Within two months, the newly minted Defense Minister launched a war in Yemen that has shattered what was already the poorest country in the Arab world. He turned out to be 29. More than three years on, none of the tens of thou- sands dead in Yemen have drawn a fraction of the at- tention now concentrated on Jamal Khashoggi, the Saudi journalist and commentator who led the king- dom after inding himself on MBS’s bad side, and re- PHOTOGRAPH BY CHRIS MCGRATH Posters of Khashoggi on a police barricade in front of Saudi Arabia’s consulate in Istanbul on Oct. 8

43 World

portedly paid for it with his life. The grisly crime holds the power to transform the crown prince into a pa- riah, and perhaps even upend the Middle East order he had made his personal project, with the help of a lattered U.S. President. “I think his image is now ir- reparably tarnished, if not shattered,” says Bruce Rie- del, director of the Brookings Intelligence Project and author of Kings and Presidents: Saudi Arabia and the United States Since FDR. “It has unmasked him as a reckless, dangerous, thuggish autocrat.” Khashoggi’s reported murder and dismember- ment likely occurred on Oct. 2 in Istanbul, inside the Saudi consulate. He may well have gone there assuming that certain fundamental norms of de- cency remained in place. After all, if diplomatic compounds are associated with anything beyond diplomacy, it is refuge. WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, for example, has been under the protec- tion of Ecuador inside its London embassy since 2012. Outrages appear more shocking in settings that signal decorum. Yet the depravity reportedly vis- ited upon Khashoggi, then upon his corpse—by a team of 15 Saudis, one with a bone saw—was of an- other order of magnitude. As reported by Turkish oicials who say it was captured on audio, the mur- der advertised barbarism and broadcast impunity. The question is whether Donald Trump sees that as such a bad thing. The President is deeply invested personally in the Saudi leader and more broadly in the abandonment of the international rules-based order. He has embraced despots and at the U.N. General Assembly exalted not universal rights that transcend borders but, rather, “sovereignty”—the freedom to do as you wish within your own. And by custom the Saudi consulate, tucked on a side street in Istanbul, was sovereign territory of the kingdom. “Here we go again with, you know, you’re guilty I NEWSPAPER/AFP/GETTY SABAH PAGE: THIS IMAGES; GETTY PAGES: PREVIOUS until proven innocent,” Trump complained on Oct. 16, in his third attempt to gloss the afair. First the President pointedly noted Khashoggi, a per- manent U.S. resident, was “not a citizen.” Then, as he sent Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to Riyadh, he loated a theory after speaking to King Salman. Perhaps it was “rogue killers,” he said. It was left to the New York Times, a few hours later, to delate the theory by locating several of the suspects in the crown prince’s entourage.

KHASHOGGI WAS NO OUTSIDER. At 59, he had worked both within and without the Saudi royal court, edited an establishment newspaper, even served as spokesman for a Saudi ambassador to

Washington. But he was associated with a branch (2), REUTERS MAGES of the Saudi family tree that had lost power. Worse, △ he was unable to curb a habit of speaking plainly. From top: Surveillance footage from Oct. 2 shows a Saudi jet at Khashoggi insisted on publicly confronting a crown Istanbul’s Ataturk airport, suspects at the airport and Khashoggi prince who wanted only congratulations for allowing entering the Saudi consulate that day

44 TIME October 29, 2018 women to drive and movie theaters to open. VIEWPOINT “I have been told that I need to accept, with grat- The West must punish itude, the social reforms that I have long called for while keeping silent on other matters,” Khashoggi Khashoggi’s killers. wrote in the Washington Post in May, “ranging Here’s how we can do it from the Yemen quagmire, hastily executed eco- BY BILL BROWDER nomic reforms, the blockade of Qatar, discussions about an alliance with Israel to counter Iran, and The apparent murder of Jamal Khashoggi presents a last year’s imprisonment of dozens of Saudi intel- fundamental challenge to the civilized world. He was a lectuals and clerics.” When he exiled himself from Washington Post journalist and a respected member Saudi Arabia in 2017, he left behind his family. He of the international community, in a NATO member eventually moved to Istanbul, where he became en- country, trying to start a new life. If the Saudis admit to gaged. The new marriage required proof he was di- killing him and are not held to account, then it will give vorced. He contacted the Saudi consulate and was a green light to any thin-skinned ruler to go ahead and told when to come in. assassinate critics without fear of consequences. Ten hours before his appointment, in the dead Although our policy tools are limited, there is a way of night, a private jet landed in Istanbul, and the to create consequences for this kind of atrocity: the 15 Saudis assembled. Captured on Turkish sur- Global Magnitsky Act. This piece of legislation gives veillance cameras, the team’s presence was open us the power to freeze assets and ban visas of gross to interpretation. As Pompeo set of, Saudi oicials human-rights abusers from anywhere in the world. It loated in the media a narrative that Khashoggi was was named after my Russian lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, targeted only for interrogation, but things went who uncovered a massive Russian government awry, his death unplanned. corruption scheme in 2008. He bravely exposed the But the story that took hold was the lurid chro- oficials involved and was subsequently arrested nology that had already emerged from Istanbul— before being tortured and left to die in Russian one that unnamed Turkish oicials claim is sup- custody. Versions of the Global Magnitsky Act now exist in the U.S., Canada, the United Kingdom and ported by graphic audio that apparently captures more. It is currently on the agenda in the E.U. the gruesome murder, preceded by the sever- The Global Magnitsky Act acts like a modern-day ing of ingers. Trump said on Oct. 17 that he has cancer drug for impunity. Instead of targeting the asked Turkey for the tape “if it exists.” A second whole body, it speciically targets the malignant cells. private light arrived from Riyadh four hours after In this case, instead of sanctioning an entire country Khashoggi disappeared into the consulate, and and punishing innocent citizens for crimes of the was on the ground for only an hour. Before return- regime, the Global Magnitsky Act goes directly after ing to Riyadh, it swung down to Egypt, a Saudi ally, the individuals who made the criminal decisions where it remained for about 27 hours. The other and carried them out. It has been successfully used plane stopped in the United Arab Emirates, another against Burmese military oficials, Nicaraguan security Gulf monarchy, one that functions as Saudi Ara- operatives and Russians responsible for Sergei bia’s soul mate in foreign afairs. The leaders of all Magnitsky’s death. three countries difer with Turkish President Recep Applying the Global Magnitsky Act to Saudi oficials Tayyip Erdogan on obscure but very deeply felt would be particularly powerful. They typically have questions of how Muslim nations should be gov- huge assets stashed all over the world and luxury erned (Erdogan is a fan of the Muslim Brotherhood, properties in places like London, Paris and New York which the others loathe). The rivalry at least sug- City. When you are added to a Magnitsky List in the gests why Turkey has been so keen to make Saudi West, it destroys your way of life. Every inancial insti- Arabia look bad. tution will close your account, and you will be denied entry to every desirable area in the world. While asset ALL THIS WOULD freezes and travel bans don’t constitute real justice for be a challenge to any U.S. Presi- murder, they’re a lot better than total impunity. dent. It’s even more complicated for Trump, who has This is a deining moment in our history. We gladly returned the Saudis’ embrace, making Riyadh can either allow savagery to rule the world, or use his irst overseas trip. After he took oice, Saudi Ara- the tools we’ve created to maintain civilization bia nearly tripled its spending on lobbying in D.C. to and stability. Western powers must impose Global $27 million in 2017, according to data compiled by Magnitsky sanctions on the Saudi oficials who the Center for International Policy that was provided carried out and authorized this atrocity—even if the to TIME. MBS cultivated Trump’s son-in-law and se- buck stops at the very top. nior adviser Jared Kushner, scion to scion, and spoke the transactional language of Trump by professing Browder is the founder and CEO of Hermitage Capital interest in arms deals said to be worth $110 billion Management and leads a campaign to expose (though few have yet come to fruition). Trump even corruption and abuses of human rights in Russia World

VIEWPOINT listen—to the clerics who sanctiied his mission, to My inal breakfast with the merchants who inanced it and especially to the tribes and families he needed to co-opt. On a regular my brave and open- basis, he would confer with all comers, however humble, discussing the affairs of the day and hearing hearted friend Jamal grievances. The tradition lives on today in the majlis, BY ROBERT LACEY or sitting place, that every Saudi provincial governor holds regularly. Nationwide, the Shura Council I last saw Jamal Khashoggi in early July, over (consultative assembly) built up by several Saudi breakfast at our favorite London restaurant, the rulers sits in Riyadh as a prototype parliament. Wolseley. He and I irst met 39 years ago in Jidda, You would have thought, Jamal told me, that a but we developed a close friendship over regular reform agenda whose objectives were aimed at the breakfasts at this former automobile showroom year 2030, a dozen years hence, would at least pay on Piccadilly when he worked in the Saudi Arabian WHY, lip service to the need for popular consultation in embassy in London in 2003. the future. These democratic forums already exist Everyone at the mission, including Jamal’s boss, JAMAL? in Saudi Arabia, and they include representation for Prince Turki, the Saudi intelligence chief turned women. But does MBS even nod toward a role for ambassador, referred to him fondly as Uncle Jamal. HOW them? Economic and social change, yes. But genuine And how he loved his scrambled eggs! As well as and solid political reform? Not a whisper. breakfasting, he and I spent a lot of time putting the Listening is not in the crown prince’s plan, and it world to rights, until the prince whisked him off to COULD YOU is certainly not in his style. MBS apparently sees the Washington to be his spokesman there. Jamal was destiny of the House of Saud as to grow ever more always on the inside track, at some of the very highest STRIDE SO powerful and despotic, like any other Arab autocracy. levels—and the power of his critique as an informed It was when he hit on this truth, Jamal said, that he insider likely contributed to his fate. CONFIDENTLY realized he was no longer safe in Saudi Arabia. On that July morning earlier this year, Jamal As we left our table and walked out onto Piccadilly, wanted to talk to me about one of the articles we INTO THAT the two of us lamented the rise of political gangsters had composed together for the Washington Post around the world who seem to be turning our decade in his early months of exile: “What Saudi Arabia’s SAUDI into the age of the bullies, vaunting their thuggery and Crown Prince Can Learn From Queen Elizabeth II.” elevating their threats into a technique of government. Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) had been due for an CONSULATE “Bullies must always be faced down. We must audience that March in Buckingham Palace on his way never be scared,” my friend explained as his guiding to Washington. IN A principle when we said goodbye—for what now seems We had written quite positively about MBS, who tragically to have been the last time. had just jailed 11 minor princelings for refusing to For the past two weeks, I’ve been asking myself pay their electricity and water bills. Why stop there? FOREIGN why he did it. Why, Jamal? How could you stride so we asked. Why not go on to cut down the numbers of conidently into that Saudi consulate in a foreign land, useless Saudi princelings as a whole? One reason LAND, knowing the hazards that might lie inside? the House of Windsor is the world’s most successful Well, there was his Turkish iancée, for a start, the reigning family is its strict rationing of royalness to the KNOWING lovely Hatice Cengiz. Jamal talked so very fondly of core relatives around the Queen. her that bright summer morning and of the sunniness But the greatest lesson we suggested that the THE she had brought to his life. He told me how much House of Saud might learn from British royalty was he was looking forward to getting married and to to listen to its people—“What touches all should HAZARDS making a base with her in Turkey. Obtaining that be approved by all,” the principle that King Edward I divorce paperwork from Saudi Arabia was clearly very proclaimed when he summoned the Model Parliament THAT MIGHT important for him. of 1295. It had been a throwaway line in our February Then there were his trusting instincts—but trust collaboration, but Jamal had come to feel that MBS’s LIE INSIDE? can so often be abused. According to reports, Jamal failure to consult with his people lay at the heart of his was hospitably received by junior oficials when he irst problems, quoting the medieval King Edward in several made inquiries there the previous week. The exile felt radio interviews. Saudi Arabia’s young prince in a hurry at home with their style. would not brook the slightest criticism. Jamal was a Saudi to the end. He loved the Over coffee, Jamal and I went back into Saudi perverse old kingdom to which he had devoted his life, history to remember another young prince in a trying to make it a more open, honest and responsive hurry—Abdul Aziz, who created modern Saudi Arabia place. And if part of him did worry deep inside, there in the irst half of the 20th century. Like his grandson was, of course, that guiding principle. MBS, he worked for two decades in a theoretically Always face down the bullies. Never be scared. subordinate capacity. He always deferred to his father, Abdul Rahman, following the Saudi code to treat Lacey is a British historian and biographer who elders with deep respect. co-authored articles for the Washington Post with It was a cornerstone of Abdul Aziz’s style to Jamal Khashoggi ◁ Khashoggi had made an enemy of Saudi Arabia’s powerful Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman

argued after Khashoggi’s disappearance that the risk ing.” The U.S.-Saudi alliance, while never comfort- to defense-sector jobs tied his hands. able, is old and deep. There is an inertia generated The private sector difers on that. Despite hav- by shared interests, including healthy oil markets, ing earlier embraced MBS as a transformational intelligence exchanges and, not least, zealous op- igure, Wall Street igureheads and media compa- position to Iran. “We can’t deal with Iran. We tried. nies pulled out in droves from a glittering executive They’re a cancer on the Middle East,” Kennedy summit in Riyadh in late October, and at least three notes, and the Saudis placed this shared enmity at Washington lobbying irms dropped the Saudis as a the center of their pitch to Trump. The Khashoggi client. While Pompeo was all smiles in Riyadh, re- incident threatens the U.S. strategy to contain the peating a Saudi promise of a “transparent” inquiry, Islamic Republic. On Nov. 5, the U.S. will reimpose some White House allies recoiled. “This guy is a sanctions targeting any customer of Iran’s oil mar- wrecking ball,” Republican Senator Lindsey Gra- kets. Their success may rest on Saudi Arabia’s abil- ham said of MBS on Fox & Friends, calling on the ity to serve the businesses and countries no longer crown prince to relinquish power. “He had this guy able to trade with Tehran. murdered at a consulate in Turkey, and to expect For now, though, the Iranians are quietly savor- me to ignore it? I feel used and abused.” ing the sight of their regional archrival cast in the Almost every member of the Senate Commit- role of barbarian. “The Iranians see MBS as the gift tee on Foreign Relations signed a letter to set in mo- that keeps on giving,” says Riedel. “His reckless war tion the Global Magnitsky Act, which could pro- in Yemen, his undermining of the Saudi brand, his duce sanctions that would freeze the funds of any weakening the internal security of the kingdom by foreign oicials implicated in crimes. And even alienating members of the royal family. The Ira- before Khashoggi was presumed dead, the Sen- nian press has had a ield day with the Little Gen- ate came within 11 votes of denying Saudi Arabia eral, as they call him.” Khashoggi’s death, in other the military support it needs to prosecute the war words, is also a grievous wound the Saudi leader- in Yemen. ship has inlicted on itself. In a March interview But there are limits to the U.S. response. “Some with TIME, the crown prince declared: “Any prob- of my colleagues say, ‘That’s it. We’re going to cut lem in the Middle East, you will ind Iran.” Not this Saudi Arabia of like a dead skunk,’” says Republi- one. —With reporting by BILLY PERRIGO/LONDON

CLIFF OWEN—AP/SHUTTERSTOCK can Senator John Kennedy. “That’s magical think- and ALANA ABRAMSON/WASHINGTON □ 47 World #MeToo heads east Women across Asia are ighting sexism and assault By Suyin Haynes and Aria Hangyu Chen/Seoul and Hong Kong

IT’S BEEN EIGHT YEARS SINCE SEO JI-HYUN SAYS to meet with senior management to open an inves- she was sexually harassed, but it’s still painful to re- tigation into the incident and her treatment at work call. “For a long time, I tortured myself by blaming in the years that followed. Frustrated by the lack of myself for everything,” she tells TIME on a cloudy progress, Seo added her voice to the global chorus on September morning in Seoul’s trendy Apgujeong Jan. 29, sharing her experience in an open letter on neighborhood. Seo, a top-level prosecutor in South her workplace intranet and signing it with #MeToo Korea, alleges that a senior male colleague repeatedly at the end. That evening she spoke on one of South groped her at a funeral in 2010, while the country’s Korea’s most inluential evening news programs. Justice Minister sat nearby. “The reason I did the interview was to tell many She reported the incident to her managers shortly people out there that it’s not their fault,” she says. after, but was subjected to performance audits that Her words resonated. Today, Seo’s interview she describes as unfair and assigned to a lower- is widely credited with kick-starting South Ko- level branch outside Seoul—a move she says did not rea’s own #MeToo movement, triggering a wave of match her strong track record at work. (The Minis- women speaking out against ilm directors, actors, try of Justice did not respond to TIME’s requests for a poet and others. Meanwhile, Ko Mi-kyung, pres- comment; Seo’s alleged harasser has said he was too ident of Korea Women’s Hotline—an organization drunk at the time to recall the incident but denies any supporting survivors of domestic abuse and sexual involvement in the alleged cover-up and retaliation.) harassment—estimates that the hotline received a Last fall, Seo watched as the #MeToo movement 23% increase in calls in the weeks following Seo’s took of in Hollywood and spread across industries interview. Violence against women is a widespread in the U.S., Canada and parts of Europe. She real- problem: in a 2017 study, almost 80% of South Ko- ized even “world-famous actresses” had sufered as rean men surveyed by the Korean Institute of Crim- she had. “I had more conidence in believing that it inology said they had physically or psychologically wasn’t my fault,” she says. In November, Seo asked abused a girlfriend; a 2014 U.N. report showed South PHOTOGRAPH BY TIM FRANCO FOR TIME ‘I want to show the image of the survivor as happy and confident ’ —Prosecutor Seo Ji-hyun, who is credited with kick-starting the #MeToo movement in South Korea

49 World

Korea had the third-highest rate of female IN CHINA, hostility toward public pro- domestic violence and occupying men’s murder victims in the world. test means women’s-rights activists can- bathrooms in Guangzhou to protest in- From South Korea to India, women’s- not lood the streets; they must go online. equality in public restrooms. rights activists and survivors across the Although the government has a tight grip A turning point came in 2015 when ive region have been watching the #MeToo on freedom of information, a new gener- activists, known widely as the Feminist reckoning on the other side of the globe. ation of digitally savvy women is work- Five, were detained on charges of “pro- As high-proile perpetrators in the West ing to amplify #MeToo stories. Activists voking trouble” after planning a multi- apologized for their behavior and some have managed to circumvent censorship city protest to tackle sexual harassment lost positions of power, many in Asia in various ways—distorting images, using on public transport. After international saw a chance to reignite long-simmering emojis, manipulating Chinese characters condemnation, authorities backtracked movements pushing for gender equality. and using code sourced from GitHub, a and released the women a month after As in the U.S., the movements in Asian software-building platform. their detention. “These political activists countries have been started and sustained The movement took of on Jan. 1, when spent years making the ground fertile for by ordinary citizens. But while celebrities Luo Xixi, a former student at Beihang the blossoming of the #MeToo movement helped make #MeToo go viral in the U.S., University in Beijing, wrote an open let- in China today,” says Leta Hong Fincher, there have been fewer high-proile cases ter on Weibo, China’s Twitter-like social- author of Betraying Big Brother: The Fem- in Asia. “Those who are ighting are not media platform. Luo alleged that when inist Awakening in China. famous people,” says Lu Pin, the founder she was a Ph.D. candidate in 2004, her That blossoming hasn’t gone unno- of the Chinese activist platform Feminist professor Chen Xiaowu drove her to his ticed by the Chinese government. In Voices. “It is countless grassroots people sister’s home and tried to force himself May 2017, state media pointed to “hos- echoing each other.” on her. Chen denied the allegations but tile forces” using “Western feminism” to In Asia, #MeToo isn’t just synony- was ired 10 days later. The university re- interfere in the country’s afairs, a phrase mous with sexual harassment and as- voked his teaching qualiications, issuing that cropped up again during the recent sault. While women in China and India a public statement saying it found Chen wave of sexual-harassment claims. If the have borrowed the hashtag, its manifes- had sexually harassed students. 2012 protests took place now, says activ- tations have become a broader feminist Luo’s post was viewed more than ist Xiao Yue (better known as Xiao Meili), rallying cry elsewhere, addressing deeply 3 million times in one day and sparked “we would have been arrested before it entrenched inequalities including access allegations against at least a dozen univer- even happened.” to abortion, domestic abuse and murder. sity professors. In a 2017 survey of college Indeed, with more than 800 million In Japan, #WithYou has been used to ex- students and graduates, almost 75% of Internet users in China, censors are quick press solidarity with survivors of work- women in China reported being sexually to block or delete any content deemed place harassment; in Thailand, women harassed in their lifetime, with more than disruptive. That was the case for Xianzi, voiced their frustration at being slut- 40% of incidents taking place in public 25, who alleges that well-known TV pre- shamed with #DontTellMeHowToDress; spaces on college campuses. Ripples of senter Zhu Jun molested her in a makeup and in the Philippines, women have the movement eventually reached beyond room in 2014, when she was an intern at looded social media and the streets universities, with allegations against lead- China Central Television, the country’s in protest against President Rodrigo ing igures in China’s NGOs and media state television broadcaster. (CCTV has Duterte’s sexist comments, under the sectors coming to a head in July. not responded to requests for comment.) hashtag #BabaeAko (I Am Woman). The roots of today’s movement can “I wanted to share my own experi- But daring to speak out in some of be traced to feminist campaigns sev- ences with other girls, even though I these deeply patriarchal societies comes eral years earlier. Back in 2012, young can’t guarantee what will happen when with enormous risks. In democratic South women gained widespread attention for they speak up,” Xianzi tells TIME of her Korea, even as women take to the streets public performances, including wearing decision to post about her experience on demanding justice on violence and sexual “bloodied” wedding dresses on Valen- social media in July. (Fearing backlash, harassment, they cover their faces out of tine’s Day in Beijing to draw attention to she asked TIME not to publish her real fear of backlash. In China—a repressive name.) Her story was reposted by an- state where crackdowns on human-rights other user on Weibo but was censored activists and minority populations are after only two hours; in August, she says escalating—women must contend with posts on her own Weibo account were their social-media posts being censored ‘A lot of people temporarily blocked from being reposted and online feminist platforms shut down. for more than two weeks. One sexual-assault survivor in Hang- say that when a Zhu denied the allegations in a law- zhou applauds the Hollywood celebrities woman speaks up, yer’s letter posted online in August. Soon who have spoken out. But the situation is after he iled a lawsuit against Xianzi, a diferent in China, she tells TIME. “A lot that’s the moment friend of hers who posted the story on of people say that when a woman speaks she dies.’ Weibo, and the platform itself. (Weibo did up, or even when [rape or assault] hap- —A SEXUAL-ASSAULT SURVIVOR not respond to a request for comment.) pens, that’s the moment she dies.” IN HANGZHOU, CHINA In a court document reviewed by TIME,

50 TIME October 29, 2018 a rally against spy-cam porn; later that month, 20,000 took to the streets of the capital after a top politician was acquit- ted on rape charges. “This is a battle that we can’t retreat from,”says Ko, president of Korea Women’s Hotline. Despite the backlash, glimmers of in- stitutional change are also appearing. South Korean President Moon Jae-in is calling for tougher punishments on spy- cam perpetrators, and Seoul’s govern- ment is launching a cleanup campaign to rid the city’s public toilets of hidden cameras. In August, China announced a plan for legislation that would deine and target sexual harassment in work- places, and Japan’s Labor Policy Council recently held discussions to address the same issue. Meanwhile, one year after the Harvey Weinstein allegations exploded, a #MeToo reckoning kicked of in India’s Zhu said Xianzi’s accusations are “seri- media and entertainment industries in ously not factual.” He demanded a pub- Female protesters shout slogans during early October—leading to public apolo- lic apology and the deletion of the online a rally against spy-cam porn gies, the resignation of high-proile ig- posts, as well as $95,000 in compensa- on Aug. 4 in central Seoul ures and the closure of a Bollywood pro- tion. On Sept. 25, Xianzi iled a counter- duction house after its co-founder was suit against Zhu; she is now set to become accused of sexual assault. one of the irst people in China’s #MeToo says 80% of her clients are claiming cases It’s still tough to predict what the movement to confront their alleged per- relating to workplace discrimination and movements in Asia might achieve in petrator in court. harassment. Many end up denounced as terms of legislative change. But in South Xianzi’s social-media post is one of “gold diggers,” receiving a torrent of on- Korea and China, the culture of activism many accusations that have been repeat- line abuse and even being countersued by remains particularly strong. “I think I edly deleted. But traces of the stories and alleged perpetrators of harassment or as- truly feel the meaning of #MeToo,” the debates can still be found online. Some sault. “Who would have the courage to survivor in Hangzhou tells TIME. “It share other women’s stories on their own speak out?” she asks, sipping iced tea after connects every individual who had harm social media, creating a kind of virtual a long day in a Seoul courtroom. done to them and makes them no longer support network to draw more attention South Koreans may not face the kind feel like they are isolated or helpless.” to cases. Activists say this decentralized of restrictive censorship coming from And in South Korea, Seo’s testimony web of volunteers has helped make the the government in China, but publicly has exposed the pervasiveness of sexual movement more resistant to the tide of supporting feminist causes can still be harassment. In a society where prosecutor authoritarianism. “When the authorities dangerous. Some women wear masks at is one of the most prestigious jobs, many know that you are an organizer, they can rallies, wary of having their personal de- were shocked to see that even powerful come to harass you,” says Xiao, the activ- tails leaked to the public. They fear being women like Seo were vulnerable to sexual ist. “But now everybody is the organizer.” ired, stalked or even attacked with acid. harassment. “She really shook the stereo- The Inconvenient Courage group that type of sexual-violence victims,” says Bae SEO, the South Korean prosecutor, has organizes rallies in Seoul also chooses to Eun-kyung, professor of gender studies at been on medical leave since January. She’s remain anonymous. The group focuses Seoul National University. enjoyed spending more time with her on ighting the country’s spy-cam porn Across the region, as women turn their 10-year-old son. “Nothing has changed epidemic, the well-documented problem anger into action, they are determined in the prosecutor’s oice,” she says. “I’ve of hidden cameras in Korea’s public toi- to change how survivors of abuse are heard they still think of me as an enemy lets and changing rooms. That secretly perceived. “South Korea has a culture of who disgraced the oice.” captured footage often makes its way to demanding that victims act like victims: Seo isn’t the only woman in South online pornography websites—leading to they should always be in pain, and cry, Korea to face severe backlash. Lee more than 6,400 cases reported in 2017. and cannot be happy,” Seo says. “I want Eun-eui, a lawyer who successfully sued Clad in masks or not, women are pro- to show the image of the survivor as her employer, Samsung, in a landmark testing in unprecedented numbers. In Au- happy and conident.” —With reporting

ED JONES—AFP/GETTY IMAGES sexual-harassment lawsuit back in 2008, gust, more than 40,000 women attended by JINYOUNG PARK/SEOUL  51  

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INSIDE

STREAMING SERVICES OFFER PAUL DANO TURNS A LENS ON KIESE LAYMON EXPERTLY SPOOKY SHOWS JUST IN TIME A FAMILY IN COLLAPSE IN HIS BLENDS MEMOIR AND CRITICISM FOR HALLOWEEN DIRECTORIAL DEBUT IN HIS BLISTERING NEW BOOK TimeOf Opener

MOVIES Melissa McCarthy inds the heart of a notorious criminal By Judy Berman

EE ISRAEL WAS AN EXTRAORDINARILY DIFFI- cult woman to like, but Melissa McCarthy loved her instantly. Not that they ever actually met; LIsrael, an author and literary forger, died in 2014. But McCarthy fell hard for the quintessential New Yorker depicted—in all her desperate, curmudgeonly glory—in ilmmaker Nicole Holofcener’s script for the big-screen adaptation of Israel’s memoir Can You Ever Forgive Me? “I was shocked that I so quickly cared about her, al- though I didn’t have a real reason to,” McCarthy says be- tween sips of a latte on a brisk autumn day in Manhat- tan. Even her friends knew Israel as a bitter woman with a drinking problem—and that was before she turned to crime. Her early successes, with in-depth biographies of women like Estée Lauder and Tallulah Bankhead, had given way to poverty and isolation by the early 1990s. “I wasn’t sure why her actions weren’t matching up to how I felt about her, which really intrigued me,”McCarthy says. She became obsessed with Israel’s story, even though the script wasn’t intended for her: it was sent, instead, to her △ 2011’s Bridesmaids made her a house- husband and frequent collaborator Ben Falcone, who has a Lee (McCarthy) hold name. Since then, McCarthy’s bois- and Jack (Grant) small role as a bookstore owner. bond over a stif terous characters and lair for physical It’s certainly the kind of tale that can suck you in: the drink—or 10 comedy have made her not only one of ilm recounts the rise and fall of Israel’s career fabricating Hollywood’s most bankable stars but letters from famous wits of eras past, which she turned to also one of its highest-paid women. after her eforts to hold down a straight job failed. But its Writing many of her most successful, if emotional core is the fragile friendship that develops be- not necessarily best-received, projects— tween Lee and her hedonistic, similarly destitute accom- Tammy, The Boss, this year’s Life of the plice, Jack Hock (an elegantly declining Richard E. Grant). Party—alongside Falcone, who also di- Two lonely, middle-aged, queer misits who squandered rected those movies, has allowed her far their youthful potential and now have to hustle to survive, greater control of her image than most they speak each other’s language—especially after a few actresses ever enjoy. drinks at their favorite gay bar. Yet it’s hard, even sitting with her,

But an early incarnation of the project, with Holofcener to pin down McCarthy’s personal- (2) FOX CENTURY CYBULSKI—20TH MARY PAGES: THESE PAGE, PREVIOUS slated to direct and Julianne Moore attached to play Is- ity. It’s clear that she’s a consummate rael, stalled out. Worried that the movie would never get family woman; an unmistakable fond- made, McCarthy inally expressed her interest: “I said, ‘I ness creeps into her voice when she feel like I have a very strong connection to Lee, and I think talks about Falcone and their daugh- about her a lot. So I’m going to throw my name in.’” With ters, 11-year-old Vivian and 8-year-old the addition of director Marielle Heller, whose excellent Georgette. In conversation, she’s warm 2015 debut, The Diary of a Teenage Girl, was a coming-of- and thoughtful but measured. Scru- age ilm about another complicated female protagonist, pulously charitable in her comments Israel’s story was saved. about others, she has even been known to extend sympathy to critics who’ve in- MCCARTHY ISN’T EXACTLY KNOWN for playing gloomy sulted her appearance, diagnosing them (or, for that matter, literary) types. Though she got her irst as unhappy. “We all do some weird big break in 2000, nabbing the role of the lovably neurotic thing to make us feel more secure,” she chef Sookie St. James on Gilmore Girls, it was more than says. “And I don’t think it’s usually in a decade later that her Oscar-nominated performance in our best interest.”

54 TIME October 29, 2018 distinct decisions through them.” her swaggering Bridesmaids character In fact, that impulse to disappear ultimately shows some self-awareness. into the lives of people very difer- “So often people present themselves in a ent from herself is something she does way that is not really, truly who the heart share with Lee Israel. “It would be so of that person is,” McCarthy says. “That’s incredibly awkward to have someone the main thing that always intrigues me.” say, ‘Just play it exactly how you would From that perspective, it doesn’t seem in your own house.’ It would rattle me crazy that she doesn’t think of Lee as a with insecurities,” she says. Similarly, dramatic departure from her past roles. when Israel was writing a biography, The ilm’s ’90s New York City setting she could hide behind her subject; she is also familiar territory for 48-year-old “could be witty and smart and engag- McCarthy, who moved to the city on a ing and all the things she couldn’t be whim at 20 and, despite intending to person to person.” But when Israel was study fashion design, quickly found drafting her memoir, McCarthy notes, her calling in the local stand-up scene. it pained the author to write about her- Her irst apartment was a fourth-loor self. “I thought, It’s funny; we both live walk-up in Hell’s Kitchen, where, she through other people and feel more remembers, she and her roommates comfortable doing that.” “slept on the loor on a futon and had mice who ate through tin cans—which CAN YOU EVER FORGIVE ME? has, in- is terrifying when you think about how evitably, been framed as a new direc- strong their teeth and jaws must have tion for McCarthy. Instead been.” She admits to har- of a madcap caper, it’s a boring some nostalgia for talky, often melancholy ‘We all do those days: “I found the indie whose chances of some weird not so cleaned-up, shiny approaching The Heat’s thing to make and pretty New York roughly $160 million box- us feel more pretty romantic.” The best Though she’s embraced her role oice take seem unlikely. secure. And I thing about those years, as one of Hollywood’s few avatars for Her Lee is an ofbeat per- don’t think it’s McCarthy says, was that plus-size women, which has sometimes sonality but not a larger- usually in our “you could still be sur- forced her to absorb our culture’s ug- than-life one. McCarthy rounded by all these peo- liest anxieties about women’s bodies, underplays in many scenes best interest.’ ple working three or four McCarthy is not an activist in the tradi- with Grant, letting his the- MELISSA MCCARTHY jobs at a time, but every- tional sense. And that’s probably pru- atrical Jack take center one was really trying. And dent, considering that she’s also the stage; it’s a generous choice you could still struggle rare celebrity whose appeal transcends from an actor with such a powerful pres- and get somewhere.” partisan political lines, with as many ence. And her humanistic read on Lee Can You Ever Forgive Me? can be fans in red states as blue. When asked a sufuses the character with tenderness, viewed as a requiem for that transi- mild question about her habit of choos- in a performance that is more captivating tional decade, when Manhattan was ing projects, including Can You Ever in quietly devastating scenes than it is safer than it had been in the ’70s but Forgive Me?, where women wield power in the ilm’s darkly humorous moments. hadn’t become the sanitized bubble it behind the camera, she answers care- By making Lee as multidimensional as is now. For McCarthy, Lee represents a fully: “I think it rights the balance,” she any misbehaving male author might be, time when rent was cheap, the publish- says. “If you only tell [a story] from one McCarthy pre-empts yet another round ing industry didn’t have to rely so heav- perspective, if nothing else, it gets bor- of debate on “unlikable” heroines. The ily on celebrity authors and an artist’s ing. I wouldn’t want it to be all and only Oscar buzz for McCarthy’s performance, work could speak for itself. There’s dig- women. And I certainly don’t love it which has already escalated to a roar, is nity, she notes, in this aversion to self- when it’s 98% men.” well deserved. promotion: “Why can’t the writing be As McCarthy frames it, she’d rather Yet there’s always been more nuance enough?” she imagines Israel demand- cede the spotlight to her characters to her performances than her critics tend ing. “Why do I have to sing and dance than be an outspoken igure in her to acknowledge. On Gilmore Girls, she as I present it?” McCarthy herself might own right. “I never think of myself tempered Sookie’s manic perfectionism be interested in these questions, so rel- as public,” she says. “I’ve always just with sweetness. The best comedy she’s evant to a igure of her stature in our been like, ‘I’m a character actress.’” fronted, Paul Feig’s 2015 movie Spy, cast fame-obsessed present, when stars are By inhabiting a character, McCarthy her not as a zany wild card but as a hyper- expected to keep the song and dance says, “I can put a veil of someone else competent CIA oice drone yearning going even after the curtain falls. But in front of me, and I can make very to prove her mettle in the ield. Even she’s much too polite to say so.  55 TimeOf Reviews

TELEVISION about four high school friends and Halloween means the creepy new girl who knows how streaming treats—but they’ll die. NETFLIX MAY BE the platform taking it’s a mixed bag fullest advantage of the holiday. As is By Judy Berman its custom, the streaming monolith has churned out seasonal content for every AS DRUGSTORE CANDY DISPLAYS HAVE BEEN type of viewer—true-crime addicts reminding us since August, Halloween is fast (Making a Murderer), kids (Creeped Out, approaching—and, as always, TV is on it. Family sit- Super Monsters), home cooks (The Curi- coms are going wild with topical costumes. The Food THE HAUNTING OF ous Creations of Christine McConnell)— HILL HOUSE Network has draped itself in spun-sugar cobwebs. Netlix reimagines Shirley plus a mess of original fright licks. But Freeform is wall-to-wall hocus pocus. But you needn’t Jackson’s classic novel in an it has also invested in a pair of quality be privy to Netlix’s closely guarded audience data to emotional horror story that dramas: The Haunting of Hill House and understand why the holiday has a unique appeal for uses a haunted house as a Chilling Adventures of Sabrina. streaming platforms: suspenseful shows are ideal for metaphor for mourning. Debuting on Oct. 12, the 10-episode binge watching, and the cost-efective horror genre is a Hill House, from horror master Mike safe investment for sites stockpiling original content. Flanagan (Oculus), reframes the Shirley One reason horror can be so cheap is that it Jackson novel as the story of ive adult doesn’t have to be good to be entertaining. In lieu siblings whose fates have been shaped of adequate writing, acting and production values, by their family’s traumatic stay in the gory set pieces will usually do. Unfortunately, Hulu haunted home when they were kids. is banking on that low barrier to entry this year, with Between efective jump-scares, a cast schlocky Halloween titles that aren’t even fun. On INTO THE DARK led by the great TV actors Michiel Huis- Oct. 5 it launched Into the Dark, a monthly anthol- Horror juggernaut Blumhouse man (Game of Thrones) and Elizabeth teams up with Hulu on a ogy, courtesy of the horror-hit factory Blumhouse, holiday-themed monthly Reaser (True Detective) breathes life with feature-length installments tied to holidays. The anthology that kicks off with a into an allegory for collective mourning. series naturally begins with a Halloween episode: lackluster Halloween episode. But it’s Sabrina, a dark coming-of- “The Body.” The bloody tale of a hit man at a cos- age drama from Riverdale’s corner of tume party is based on a short—and it shows in a plot the Archie Comics universe that drops stretched too thin over 90 minutes and stock horror on Oct. 26, that’s the best show of the characters whose vapidity deies belief. (The listless bunch. Forget Melissa Joan Hart’s sac- performances don’t help.) Equally dull is Hulu’s half- charine teen witch; as played by the hour Pretty Little Liars knockof, Light as a Feather, steely Kiernan Shipka (Mad Men’s Sally Draper), Sabrina Spellman could be Bufy the vampire slayer’s sardonic, supernaturally powerful cousin. This Sabrina has substance, too: pressured by her aunts to sign over her soul to Satan, the half-witch heroine must con- sider her own spiritual beliefs. Allusions to infamous heretics like Aleister Crow- ley and Faust only lightly obscure a por- trait of a young woman wrestling with universal questions of faith. Horror merely needs to exist to draw a Halloween crowd, so it’s easy to imag- ine plenty of viewers pressing play on both Hulu and Netlix before October is over. The trouble is, the streaming business thrives not on ratings for in- dividual episodes but on attracting and retaining subscribers. Among this year’s oferings, only Sabrina and Hill House seem capable of luring in new viewers— even after the candy displays give way From Mad Men to good witch: Shipka stars in Sabrina to shelves sparkling with tinsel. 

56 TIME October 29, 2018 MOVIES In ilm and in life, Paul Dano turns family man By Lucy Feldman

PAUL DANO IS HIDING HIS HAIR UNDER a trucker hat and carrying a few days’ stubble. Six weeks ago exactly, his partner, actor Zoe Kazan, gave birth to their irst child. “I’d be lying if I said I wasn’t super tired,” he says, walk- ing into Central Park on a recent sunny morning in New York City. “But it’s heart expanding.” After taking a monthlong break to focus on the baby, Dano is promoting another manner of child: his directorial debut, the moody, beautifully shot pe- riod drama Wildlife (out Oct. 19), which he wrote and produced with Kazan. It’s a After acting since childhood, Dano directs for the irst time in Wildlife ilm about family dysfunction, based on Richard Ford’s novel of the same name, which unfolds against rural sunsets and Garden. Now 34, he has proven himself direction, felt true to who I am.” forest ires in 1960s Montana. The Brin- across genres—playing bookish types in Dano obsessed for a year before sons are new to their small town, and Little Miss Sunshine and The Girl Next reaching out to Ford to option the ilm struggling. Jerry (Jake Gyllenhaal), a hus- Door, artists in Love & Mercy and Youth, rights with Kazan in 2012, and wrote band and father, reels after losing his job. and a maniacal preacher in There Will Be the irst draft himself, adapting its When he runs away from his problems to Blood. (His IMDB page says his trade- deeply internal story as best he could. ight ires outside town, his wife Jeanette mark is getting beaten up. He doesn’t He handed it to Kazan, an experienced (Carey Mulligan) implodes and sparks agree but thinks that’s funny.) He’ll re- screenwriter. She tore it apart. The cou- a new romance. They unravel through turn to Broadway this winter in True ple spent years passing drafts back and the eyes of their son Joe (Ed Oxenbould), West. And he plays a real-life prison es- forth between jobs before settling on who is horriied to discover his parents’ capee in the upcoming Showtime series the inal version. fallibility. Oxenbould, 15 Escape at Dannemora. Joe is 14 in the movie—the age when during ilming, captures Dano himself moved with his own fam- Joe’s anguish with the skill Mulligan and BUT DANO ALWAYS wanted ily. “When you move to a new place, of an adult—a great surprise Gyllenhaal star as to work behind the camera. your family is your life—it’s all you

OUSE: NETFLIX; WILDLIFE: IFC FILMS (2) parents who set their for Dano. “Directing is kind marriage ablaze He tried to come up with have,” he says. His was always close, of like parenting—you just ▽ a story, but nothing stuck. once sharing a single bedroom between try to get the best out of Then in 2011, he read Ford’s his parents, sister and himself. “There’s everybody,” hesayss. “PushPush 1990 novel. “FordFo somehow a great quote,” Dano says, tossing a stray them a little left or right, was able to capture a great volleyball back to its owners. “About and catch them whhen amount of lovve with a how right outside the doors of home is they fall.” great amoount of strug- the edge of the world.” Dano himself gle,”Dano says. He For now, Dano is happy to keep his started acting so relates to Joe’s focus inside. He’s up with Kazan for early he remem- feeeling of ight- every feeding at night. He’s iguring out bers agonizing ing to steady how to help their daughter become a over inding time a rocking critical thinker. Maybe he’ll get married. to travel with boat.b “The Dano and Kazan have been together his basketball ideai of trying for a decade, and he says calling her his team while also tot hold things girlfriend now feels “insuicient.” He’ll performing in toogether, to throw himself into his next role soon. A Christmas Carol not let things “But right now,” he says, “I have to learn

INTO THE DARK: HULU; CHILLING ADVENTURES OF SABRINA, THE HAUNTING OF HILL H at Madison Squaree tip in the wrong how to be a parent.”  57 Legal Notice If You Bought a Domestic Airline Ticket From American, TimeOf Books Delta, Southwest, United, Continental, or US Airways Your Rights Could Be Affected Southwest and American Airlines (the “Settling Defendants”) have agreed to settle nationwide litigation by passengers who claim the four largest U.S. carriers along with Continental Airlines and US Airways conspired to increase fares on domestic lights. The Settling Defendants deny that they did anything wrong. wanted to Are you included? The Settlement Classes include persons write a lie. and entities who purchased air passenger u wanted transportation services for lights within o read a lie. the United States and its territories and the District of Columbia from rote this to American, Delta, Southwest, United, u instead Continental, or US Airways at any time cause I am between July 1, 2011 and December 20, 2017 for the Southwest settlement and at yo r child, and any time between July 1, 2011 and June are mine.’ 14, 2018 for the American settlement. IESE LAYMON What do the Settlements provide? Southwest has agreed to pay $15 million and American has agreed to pay $45 million. The Settling Defendants have agreed to provide certain cooperation in the ongoing litigation against the Non- Settling Defendants. How can I get a payment? At this time, it is unknown how much you may receive. A distribution plan will ME be prepared later or at the conclusion of the litigation. Given the number of Settlement Class Members, it may not C rrying love be economically practical to distribute H avy wei money until additional settlements or judgments are achieved. If you want HOW DO YOU LOVE AUTHENTICALLY WHEN LIES FEEL SO FAMILIAR? to receive a notice about the claims process or future settlements, you That’s the question Kiese Laymon explores in his devastating personal story, should register at the website below. Heavy: An American Memoir. Class Counsel will pursue the lawsuit Laymon begins the book with an earnest missive to his mother, a profes- against the Non-Settling Defendants, sor who raised him with the help of Laymon’s beloved grandmother. “I did and these Settlements may help pay not want to write about us,” he writes of his relationship with his mother. expenses for Class Counsel to do so. If no additional settlements or judgments “I wanted to write a lie.” From there he delves headirst into an unlinching are achieved, money may be distributed examination of the complex relationship they shared as he came of age as a to a charitable, government, or non-proit black man in 1980s and ’90s Mississippi. organization(s) as ordered by the Court. Laymon grew up in a household that nurtured his intellect and creativity. What are my rights? His childhood, however, was haunted by poverty and violence. Books were Even if you do nothing you can readily available, but his mother bounced checks at the local grocery store; participate in the Settlements and will also be bound by their terms. If you his home life included writing exercises and whippings in equal measure. want to keep your right to sue Southwest Throughout, Laymon lays bare the many secrets mother and son kept from and/or American yourself, you must each other in their home: addictions, sexual violence, physical abuse, eating exclude yourself from the Settlements disorders, theft, lies and shame. As he recounts this, he holds the culture of by January 4, 2019. If you stay in the Settlements, you may object to them by the U.S. accountable for its role in creating and fueling the racial violence and January 4, 2019. The Court will hold a toxic masculinity that shaped the struggles of both of them, making it so dif- hearing on March 22, 2019 to consider icult for them to give and receive love in a trusting and trustworthy way. whether to approve the Settlements This deeply personal exploration of the political is nothing new to and a request for attorneys’ fees up Laymon, a professor of English and creative writing at the University to 30% of the Settlement Funds, plus reimbursement of costs and expenses. of Mississippi, who previously published a novel, Long Division, and a You or your own lawyer may appear collection of essays, How to Slowly Kill Yourself and Others in America. In and speak at the hearing at your own Heavy, he writes with a fearless intimacy and bracing honesty, indicting expense. the treatment of black people in the U.S. The book’s a high-water mark For More Information: for both personal narrative and social criticism. 1-866-459-3634 —CADY LANG www.DomesticAirClass.com A park is a gift.

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Somewhere, not far from where you live, The Trust for Public Land is protecting the places that make your community special—from neighborhood playgrounds, gardens, and trails to vast wilderness escapes.

Visit tpl.org today and preserve the gift of parks for generations to come. 9 Questions

Joseph J. Ellis The best-selling historian on what the Founders got wrong, restoring faith in government and the case for national service

merican Dialogue examines What is the biggest failing of the what George Washington, Founders that still haunts us today? AJohn Adams, James Madison When the Founders talked about “we and Thomas Jeferson might think the people,” they were not talking about about issues dividing the country black people. They weren’t talking today. Why did you address the pres- about women, and they weren’t talking ent in this book? about Native Americans. Whenever I began work on this book two years race enters the question, the Founders before Donald Trump was elected are going to end up disappointing you. President. But the forces that produced Trump, our deeply divided society Can the constitutional system they unsure of its future and deeply created solve our problems? distrustful of government, were The Founders would want us to recog- already visible. nize that it’s a living Constitution. So MY VIEW OF the originalists who want us to go back Do you feel like you have some HISTORY IS THAT to the original meaning have it dead answers now? ‘ wrong. We have to make adaptations. Historians are really great at predicting TRUSTING IN THE The Electoral College has got to go. the past. But the future is for prophets, BETTER ANGELS and the track record of most prophets OF OUR NATURE In the early 1960s, nearly 80% of is dismal. Globalization, the Internet, Americans said they trusted their the sheer size of American society IS A BAD BET government. By the mid-1970s, that presents unprecedented problems. ’ number had dropped to around 20%, Until we recover some sense of the and it’s never completely recovered. American dialogue—and we need to What happened? The Vietnam War, recover government as us rather than which undermined the credibility of government as them—we’re going to be the government for a whole generation paralyzed in this second Gilded Age. of Americans. The second thing was the civil rights movement. That alienated Will the “better angels of our nature” whites in the Confederacy. The third save us? thing was Roe v. Wade. That alienates My view of history is that trusting in all the evangelicals. the better angels of our nature is a bad bet. The Founders didn’t believe What will inally unite Americans? in the better angels. They created a A great crisis that leaves us no choice Constitution, which was designed to but to come together. When the coastal deal with imperfect human beings. areas have to be evacuated, when the real implications of climate change America has always had people begin to hit, we’re going to be forced to who vehemently disagree. Are come together. we that diferent now compared with in Jeferson’s time? In their best moments, the Founders It’s a size problem. There’s a put the public good ahead of the diference between 4 million whims of public opinion. Is there any people gathered on the way to recover that sense of virtue? Atlantic Coast and 325 million I would favor mandatory national people across the nation. The service. Now, of course, that has no single most important diference chance. But every American woman is that we are attempting to do and man should serve the public for something that nobody has ever done two years. It doesn’t mean military, ERIK JACOBS before: create a fully and genuinely but it means some form of service. multiracial society in a huge nation. —LUCAS WITTMANN

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         To live longer, make your workout a playdate By Jamie Ducharme

EXPERTS LIKE TO SAY THE BEST FORM OF EXER- cise is whatever kind you’ll actually do. But that may not always be the case; new research i nds that peo- ple who combine exercise with their social lives may be at an advantage over solitary exercisers. The social interaction involved in partner and team sports may compound the plentiful benei ts of physical activity, adding more years to your life than solo exercise, according to a study published Sept. 4 in Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Tennis, badminton and soccer are all better for longevity than cycling, swimming, jogging or gym exercise, according to the research. “For both mental and physical well-being and longevity, we’re understanding that our social con- nections are probably the single most important feature of living a long, healthy, happy life,” says study co-author Dr. James O’Keefe, a cardiologist at Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute. “If you’re interested in exercising for health and lon- gevity and well-being, perhaps the most important feature of your exercise regimen is that it should involve a playdate.” The study was based on data from about 8,500 adults who were part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study. They completed a comprehensive health and lifestyle questionnaire, which included ques- tions about type and frequency of physical activity, and were monitored by the researchers for around played tennis as their primary sport got 25 years, a period during which about 4,500 of the about 520 minutes of physical activity subjects died. per week and picked up the racket for Tennis came out on top in the research. Com- about 100 of those minutes. Meanwhile, pared with sedentary people, those who reported ‘When our health-club exercise i nished last TIME FOR MEYER EBEN ALEX BY ILLUSTRATION playing tennis as their main form of exercise could physical in terms of longevity, even though expect to add 9.7 years to their life span, followed activity gymgoers reported the most weekly by badminton (6.2 years), soccer (4.7 years), cy- allows us activity overall: almost 600 minutes in cling (3.7 years), swimming (3.4 years), jogging to play, it total, about 150 of them at the gym. (3.2 years), calisthenics (3.1 years) and health-club magnii es THE MOUNTAIN activities (1.5 years). the benei ts.’ of scientii c evidence How long people typically spent doing these that shows exercise improves longevi- activities varied greatly—but duration didn’t DR. JAMES O’KEEFE ty is indisputable. One recent study of necessarily af ect longevity benei ts. Those who 6,000 participants by the Centers for routine. In addition, research has shown that moderate exercise tends to be as Science-backed good or better for longevity than vigor- ways to extend ous activities like running, which can take a toll on the body over time. your life “When we try to just go and work out to get our heart rate up, it still feels Exercise may be proven to keep good,” O’Keefe says. “But it doesn’t your body young on a cellular level, leave you as relaxed and happy as, say, but new research suggests that going to play a game of basketball or there are plenty of things you can golf.” do, in addition to working out, to Tennis likely took the top increase your chances of a long spot because “it’s intensely inter active,” life. O’Keefe says. “At every point you’re talking. It’s just a very natural way to emotionally bond with people, besides EAT CARBS A study of getting your exercise.” But he adds that 15,500 adults tracked for the study may not have been able to 25 years found that people who fully account for the fact that wealthi- ate a moderate amount of carbs er, better- educated people—who tend had longer life expectancies than to be healthier to begin with—may be people on low-carb diets and those more likely to play tennis. who ate a large amount of carbs. Activities like running and weight lifting still extend your life and of er plenty of other health benei ts, from DRINK COFFEE A years-long strength to cardiovascular i tness. But study of 500,000 people for optimal benei ts, O’Keefe says gym- published in JAMA Internal goers may want to consider supple- Medicine found that people who menting those workouts with activities drink at least one cup of coffee that foster social connection. a day— including decaf and “Any exercise is better than none,” instant—had a reduced risk of O’Keefe says. But “when our physical premature death. And the more activity also allows us to play, it basical- coffee people drank, up to seven ly magnii es the benei ts, because you cups a day, the more signii cant Disease Control and Prevention found get not only the musculoskeletal and the benei ts. that people who exercised the most ap- cardiovascular benei ts of physical ex- peared nine years younger on a cellular ercise, but you also get that emotional level than sedentary people. But now a bonding, which turns out to be probably TAKE CHARGE Simply growing amount of evidence supports just as important.” feeling in control of their a link between social interaction and O’Keefe, whose exercise regimen lives was shown to help elderly good health, including recent research typically includes running and weight people feel younger and happier. Researchers guessed that their published in the Lancet that found team lifting, says he’s even changed his own more youthful mind-sets inspired sports are the best physical activity for behavior because of the study: he and the participants to be more active, mental health. Partner sports also tend his family have taken up badminton. thus extending their life spans. to be more enjoyable than solitary exer- “You can’t play badminton without feel- —J.D. cise, O’Keefe says, which can potential- ing like a kid again,” he says. “It’s just ly enhance mental health and increase pure fun.” □ long-term adherence to an exercise

SOURCES: MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS, CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION, THE LANCET, THE LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH, JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION CONVENTION ADVERTISEMENT

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