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Presentación De Powerpoint NATIONAL SEMINAR ON PESTICIDES MIP INTEREST IN CROPS ORNAMENTAL Dagoberto Castro Restrepo - Catholic University of East Antonio J. Prieto M. - Advisory Bioquirama SAS Isabel C. O. Garces - agronomy student UCO DIARY Trends in food production What is biological control? Bio- pesticides Factors affecting the effectiveness Cases of use of biological products Trends in food production Trends in food production Consumer • High quality food demand in • Reduced exposure to global pesticides markets • Organic production • BPA and resistance management Global • Improve production demands of efficiency producers • Options for organic certification prosperous • Free trade business and • Increased regulatory harmonization of environment regulatory rules What is biological control? Relationship between biological control and other strategies for pest management. Integrated pest managemen t mechanical Resistance biological autocida agents conventional control, genetics Control Control biorracionales pesticides physical and cultural conservation classical biological biological control control biocontrol by Biological inoculating control flood (Adapted from Eilenberg et al., 2001) According to Kogan (1998): "IPM is a system for decision support for selecting and using tactics for pest control, alone or coordinated harmoniously within management strategies, based on cost / benefit analysis, which takes into account the interests and impact on farmers, society and the environment" What is biological control? In terms entomological • Use of predatory insects, parasites, or microbial pathogens entomopathogenic nematodes to reduce populations of different insects pests. In plant pathology: • The use of antagonists to suppress microbial diseases. • Use of pathogens to control weeds Eisenberg et al, 2001). "Using living organisms to reduce population densities or the impact of a specific harmful organism, making it less abundant or less harmful than it might be " Bio pesticides What is a bio pesticide? Bio Fungicides: Bio herbicides: are compounds Bioinsecticides: Microorganisms and primary beneficial microorganisms Microorganisms that control and secondary metabolites for such as fungi or bacteria insects. Beauveria, weed control. B.p. They are acting on Metarhizium, Lecanicillium, Myrothecium verrucaria diseases. b.p. Trichoderma, Lecanicillium Bio nematicides: Bio molluscicides: Bio algaecide: microorganisms and parasites Microorganisms for the microorganisms to nematode control control of molluscs (slugs and for algae control Purpureocillium [Paecilomyces] snails): Pochonia sp. lilacinus. Bio bactericides: Bio rational: microorganisms to control plant extracts, bacteria. Bacillus subtilis, B. semiochemicals, pumilus, Pseudomonas endophytes. Pesticide market segment projected 2008 - 2014 (billion) 60 50 es r a l ó 40 d e d s 30 e n o ll 20 mi l i M 10 0 2008 2009 2014 Productos de síntesis Biopesticidas Source : BCC Research Factors affecting the effectiveness generic model showing the process entomopathogenic infection. The conidia reaches the insect cuticle where germinates, the germ tube and appressorium is formed. Hyphae through the cuticular layer reaches the hemocele where hyphal bodies (blastospores) are formed. Fungal development and move continuously, invades organs, interruption of metabolic processes and produces toxins See hemocyte aggregation, phagocytosis hyphal bodies, bodies yeast transformation and spread of spores. [Adapted from Vega et al., 2012]. : Samuel et al., 2014. Some factors affecting the effectiveness of bioinputs inherent biodegradability : - (7, 14, 21 days) Competition : - phyllosphere - rhizosphere endophytes factors Ultraviolet (pigments) environmental: Temperature (20 - 30 ° C). Humidity Some factors affecting the effectiveness of bioinputs Liquid Water formulation: Oil Emulsion: oil in water; inverted Formulation wettable powders solid: Powder granules baits microencapsulation Major metabolites produced by entomopathogenic fungi Classification Fungi that produce No peptídicas Oosperina Beauveria bassiana Bassianina B. bassiana Oxalic acid Veticillium, Metarhizium Ácido fusárico Fusarium dipicolinic acid Beauveria, Paecilomyces Paecilomicinas Paecilomyces linear peptide Leucinostinas Paecilomyces Efrapeptinas Tolypocladium Peptídicas cíclicas Beauverina Beauveria, Paecilomyces (Adapted Destruxinas Metarhizium from Jurado Tellez et al., Ciclosporinas Metarhizium 2009) Cases of use of biological products: Pompones Case 1 pest management in chrysanthemum: -To determine the incidence of thrips, mites, minelayer and viruses. -Identify predator populations (Coenosia attenuata and Diglyphus sp). Monitoring the incidence of pests VARIABLE Form of Evaluate shows Frequency Measurement (How much?) (How?) (How?) Incidence of thrips plates 6 traps Daily Incidence of Minadores: Jama 6% of the beds Daily L. trifolii and EL. huidobrensis Incidence of mites Counting adults 6% of the beds Daily Incidence of Counting larvae 6% of the beds Daily Lepidoptera Number of Jama 6% of the beds Daily predators: Coenosia attenuata Bioinputs used Rizobacterias B. subtilis B. pumilus B. P. lilacinus thuringiensis Garlic-pepper extract extract Cinnamon extract snuff agricultural Potassium iodide Soap H.thompsonii Akanthmyces B. bassiana sp Lecanicillium Fly tiger (Coenosia attenuata) Comparison of the percentage of mite populations in the cultivation of chrysanthemum with the use of chemical treatment and biological treatment, in the municipality of La Ceja, Antioquia (Flores Virginia). Number of individuals of thrips in chrysanthemum cultivation with the use of chemical treatment and biological treatment in the municipality of La Ceja, Antioquia. Comparison of the percentage of populations of borers in growing chrysanthemum with the use of chemical treatment and biological treatment in the municipality of La Ceja, Antioquia. Number of individuals Liriomyza trifolli, Liriomyza huribodensis. Coenosia attenuata y Diglyphus sp. Percentage of chrysanthemum stems losses during the phases of production and post-harvest (rejection). C. B. Plants sown: 241395 C.Q. sown plants: 600,000 20 15 10 5 0 Biologica Chemica l l Seeding (% loss) 17.61 19.4 Rejection (% losses)) 2 4.35 Cases of use of biological products: Hortensia (Hydrangea macrophylla) Minigreen Pink Bouquetera Blue Jumbo Antique Bedbug hydrangea (Nysius sp) powdery mildew (Oidium sp) Thrips palmi Copitarsia sp WEEK PRODUCT Prevention / Control 1 Calcium polysulfide Prevention of powdery mildew Cinnamon extract, garlic and ác. phosphoric Prevention of mites, thrips, mildew powdery Garlic extract - pepper General pest repellency 2 Rizobacterias: B. subtilis y B. pumilus Mildew, inductor resistance Lecanicillium lecanii whitefly, thrips, aphids, mildew Equisetum extract Powdery, alternaria Mildew 3 Rizobacterias Trichoderma harzianum Antagonism of diseases potassium vegetable oil Thrips, aphids, whiteflies 4 Rizobacterias Hirsutella thompsonii and Akanthmyces sp Mites Cinnamon extract, garlic and ac. phosphoric 5 Beauveria bassiana Mites, thrips, whiteflies, aphids Equisetum extract B. thuringiensis svar. thuringiensis Mites Mycorrhizae in the Drench substrate: Trichoderma rhizobacteria Beauveria Effect applying rhizobacteria GROWING CROP Soil analysis Planting distances: 40 cm between plants and rows and 60 cm between roads (40,000 pl / ha) Application of organic matter Use of mycorrhizae Application of rhizobacteria Hilling 40 dds Cover with polisombra 35% Placing plastic mesh for the mentee - Scheduled Poda - Plants handling controlled pruning Pruning of basal leaves Thanks for your attention .
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